251
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Smits RA, Leurs R, de Esch IJP. Major advances in the development of histamine H4 receptor ligands. Drug Discov Today 2009; 14:745-53. [PMID: 19477292 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2009.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2009] [Revised: 04/21/2009] [Accepted: 05/08/2009] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The search for new and potent histamine H4 receptor ligands is leading to a steadily increasing number of scientific publications and patent applications. Several interesting and structurally diverse compounds have been found, but fierce IP competition for a preferred 2-aminopyrimidine scaffold is becoming apparent. Recent investigations into the role of the histamine H(4)R in (patho)physiology and the use of H4R ligands in in vivo disease models reveal enormous potential in the field of inflammation and allergy, among others. The development of ligands that display activity at two or more histamine receptor (HR) subtypes is another clinical opportunity that is currently being explored. Taken together, the histamine H4R field is gearing up for clinical studies and has the potential to deliver another generation of blockbuster drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rogier A Smits
- Leiden/Amsterdam Center for Drug Research, Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmacochemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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252
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253
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Ding W, Lin L, Xiao Z, Zou H, Duan Z, Dai J. Multiple sequence elements determine the intron retention in histamine H3 receptors in rats and mice. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2009; 41:2281-6. [PMID: 19446035 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2009.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2009] [Revised: 04/30/2009] [Accepted: 05/06/2009] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Intron retention in histamine H(3) receptors has been found in many mammals, including rats and mice. The short transcript isoforms that exclude alternatively spliced introns are readily detected in very low abundance in rats and are undetectable in mice using the regular PCR approach. The detailed mechanism for the special alternative splicing remains poorly understood. The aim of this work was to investigate the effects of essential splice signals on intron retention and to identify sequence elements that determine the differences in splicing between rats and mice. We have constructed a minigene-splicing system to mimic natural alternative receptor splicing and analyzed the regulatory elements in HEK293 cells. Mutating suboptimal 5' and 3' splice sites toward the consensus sequences can enhance the splicing of corresponding alternative introns. The effect is much more significant for the 3' splice site of the longer intron than for the other two splice sites; it is also more significant in rats than in mice. The splicing differences between rats and mice are primarily determined by the six discrepant nucleotides within the alternative introns, which promote or suppress the intron splicing in different ways and cooperate to make splicing of the two introns more efficient in rats. From these results we conclude that (1) the weakness of the splice sites is an important determinant for very low efficiency during intron splicing and, (2) multiple sequence elements determine the splicing differences between rats and mice. The results provide insight into special alternative splicing regulation in H(3) receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyong Ding
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China
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254
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Gemkow MJ, Davenport AJ, Harich S, Ellenbroek BA, Cesura A, Hallett D. The histamine H3 receptor as a therapeutic drug target for CNS disorders. Drug Discov Today 2009; 14:509-15. [PMID: 19429511 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2009.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2008] [Revised: 02/24/2009] [Accepted: 02/25/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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255
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Igel P, Schnell D, Bernhardt G, Seifert R, Buschauer A. Tritium-LabeledN1-[3-(1H-imidazol-4-yl)propyl]-N2-propionylguanidine ([3H]UR-PI294), a High-Affinity Histamine H3and H4Receptor Radioligand. ChemMedChem 2009; 4:225-31. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.200800349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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256
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Sasho S, Seishi T, Kawamura M, Tomuro M, Hirose R, Toki S, Shimada J. Diamine Derivatives Containing Imidazolidinylidene Propanedinitrile as a New Class of Histamine H3 Receptor Antagonists: Conformationally Restricted Derivatives. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2009; 57:288-93. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.57.288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Setsuya Sasho
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratories, Pharmaceutical Research Center, Kyowa Hakko Kogyo Co., Ltd
| | - Takashi Seishi
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratories, Pharmaceutical Research Center, Kyowa Hakko Kogyo Co., Ltd
| | - Mariko Kawamura
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratories, Pharmaceutical Research Center, Kyowa Hakko Kogyo Co., Ltd
| | - Misato Tomuro
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratories, Pharmaceutical Research Center, Kyowa Hakko Kogyo Co., Ltd
| | - Ryo Hirose
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratories, Pharmaceutical Research Center, Kyowa Hakko Kogyo Co., Ltd
| | - Shinichiro Toki
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratories, Pharmaceutical Research Center, Kyowa Hakko Kogyo Co., Ltd
| | - Junich Shimada
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Laboratories, Pharmaceutical Research Center, Kyowa Hakko Kogyo Co., Ltd
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257
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Development of novel 2-[4-(aminoalkoxy)phenyl]-4(3H)-quinazolinone derivatives as potent and selective histamine H3 receptor inverse agonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2008; 18:6041-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.10.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2008] [Revised: 08/25/2008] [Accepted: 10/08/2008] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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258
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Morini G, Comini M, Rivara M, Rivara S, Bordi F, Plazzi PV, Flammini L, Saccani F, Bertoni S, Ballabeni V, Barocelli E, Mor M. Synthesis and structure–activity relationships for biphenyl H3 receptor antagonists with moderate anti-cholinesterase activity. Bioorg Med Chem 2008; 16:9911-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2008.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2008] [Revised: 10/02/2008] [Accepted: 10/12/2008] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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259
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Sato T, Matsuo Y, Honma T, Yokoyama S. In Silico Functional Profiling of Small Molecules and Its Applications. J Med Chem 2008; 51:7705-16. [DOI: 10.1021/jm800504q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Sato
- Department of Biophysics and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan, RIKEN Systems and Structural Biology Center, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan, and Department of Supramolecular Biology, International Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, Yokohama City University, 1-7-29 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Yo Matsuo
- Department of Biophysics and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan, RIKEN Systems and Structural Biology Center, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan, and Department of Supramolecular Biology, International Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, Yokohama City University, 1-7-29 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Teruki Honma
- Department of Biophysics and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan, RIKEN Systems and Structural Biology Center, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan, and Department of Supramolecular Biology, International Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, Yokohama City University, 1-7-29 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Yokoyama
- Department of Biophysics and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan, RIKEN Systems and Structural Biology Center, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan, and Department of Supramolecular Biology, International Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, Yokohama City University, 1-7-29 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
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260
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Cloning and characterization of the monkey histamine H3 receptor isoforms. Eur J Pharmacol 2008; 601:8-15. [PMID: 18977214 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2008.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2008] [Revised: 09/26/2008] [Accepted: 10/13/2008] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We have recently identified three splice isoforms of the histamine H(3) receptor in multiple brain regions of cynomolgus monkey (Macaca fascicularis). Two of the novel isoforms displayed a deletion in the third intracellular loop (H(3)(413) and H(3)(410)), the third isoform H(3)(335) displayed a deletion in the i3 intracellular loop and a complete deletion of the putative fifth transmembrane domain TM5. We have confirmed by RT-PCR the expression of full-length H(3)(445) mRNA as well as H(3)(413), H(3)(410), and H(3)(335) splice isoform mRNA in multiple monkey brain regions including the frontal, parietal and occipital cortex, parahippocampal gyrus, hippocampus, amygdala, caudate nucleus, putamen, thalamus, hypothalamus, and cerebellum. The full-length isoform H(3)(445) was predominant in all of the regions tested, followed by H(3)(335), with the H(3)(413) and H(3)(410) being of low abundance. When expressed in C6 cells, H(3)(445), H(3)(413), and H(3)(410) exhibit high affinity binding to the agonist ligand [(3)H]-(N)-alpha-methylhistamine with respective pK(D) values of 9.7, 9.7, and 9.6. As expected, the H(3)(335) isoform did not display any saturable binding with [(3)H]-(N)-alpha-methylhistamine. The histamine H(3) receptor agonists histamine, (R)-alpha-methylhistamine, imetit and proxyfan were able to activate calcium mobilization responses through H(3)(445), H(3)(413) and H(3)(410) receptors when they were co-expressed with the chimeric G alpha(qi5)-protein in HEK293 cells, while no response was elicited in cells expressing the H(3)(335) isoform. The existence of multiple H(3) receptor splice isoforms across species raises the possibility that isoform specific properties including ligand affinity, signal transduction coupling, and brain localization may differentially contribute to observed in vivo effects of histamine H(3) receptor antagonists.
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261
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Nagase T, Mizutani T, Sekino E, Ishikawa S, Ito S, Mitobe Y, Miyamoto Y, Yoshimoto R, Tanaka T, Ishihara A, Takenaga N, Tokita S, Sato N. Synthesis and Evaluation of Structurally Constrained Quinazolinone Derivatives as Potent and Selective Histamine H3 Receptor Inverse Agonists. J Med Chem 2008; 51:6889-901. [DOI: 10.1021/jm800569w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Nagase
- Tsukuba Research Institute, Merck Research Laboratories, Banyu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Okubo 3, Tsukuba 300-2611, Japan
| | - Takashi Mizutani
- Tsukuba Research Institute, Merck Research Laboratories, Banyu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Okubo 3, Tsukuba 300-2611, Japan
| | - Etsuko Sekino
- Tsukuba Research Institute, Merck Research Laboratories, Banyu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Okubo 3, Tsukuba 300-2611, Japan
| | - Shiho Ishikawa
- Tsukuba Research Institute, Merck Research Laboratories, Banyu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Okubo 3, Tsukuba 300-2611, Japan
| | - Sayaka Ito
- Tsukuba Research Institute, Merck Research Laboratories, Banyu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Okubo 3, Tsukuba 300-2611, Japan
| | - Yuko Mitobe
- Tsukuba Research Institute, Merck Research Laboratories, Banyu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Okubo 3, Tsukuba 300-2611, Japan
| | - Yasuhisa Miyamoto
- Tsukuba Research Institute, Merck Research Laboratories, Banyu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Okubo 3, Tsukuba 300-2611, Japan
| | - Ryo Yoshimoto
- Tsukuba Research Institute, Merck Research Laboratories, Banyu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Okubo 3, Tsukuba 300-2611, Japan
| | - Takeshi Tanaka
- Tsukuba Research Institute, Merck Research Laboratories, Banyu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Okubo 3, Tsukuba 300-2611, Japan
| | - Akane Ishihara
- Tsukuba Research Institute, Merck Research Laboratories, Banyu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Okubo 3, Tsukuba 300-2611, Japan
| | - Norihiro Takenaga
- Tsukuba Research Institute, Merck Research Laboratories, Banyu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Okubo 3, Tsukuba 300-2611, Japan
| | - Shigeru Tokita
- Tsukuba Research Institute, Merck Research Laboratories, Banyu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Okubo 3, Tsukuba 300-2611, Japan
| | - Nagaaki Sato
- Tsukuba Research Institute, Merck Research Laboratories, Banyu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Okubo 3, Tsukuba 300-2611, Japan
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262
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Levoin N, Calmels T, Poupardin-Olivier O, Labeeuw O, Danvy D, Robert P, Berrebi-Bertrand I, Ganellin CR, Schunack W, Stark H, Capet M. Refined Docking as a Valuable Tool for Lead Optimization: Application to Histamine H3Receptor Antagonists. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2008; 341:610-23. [DOI: 10.1002/ardp.200800042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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263
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Miller TR, Baranowski JL, Estvander BR, Witte DG, Carr TL, Manelli AM, Krueger KM, Cowart MD, Brioni JD, Esbenshade TA. A robust and high-capacity [(35)S]GTPgammaS binding assay for determining antagonist and inverse agonist pharmacological parameters of histamine H(3) receptor ligands. Assay Drug Dev Technol 2008; 6:339-49. [PMID: 18593375 DOI: 10.1089/adt.2007.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Guanosine 5'-O-(3-[(35)S]thio)triphosphate ([(35)S]GTPgammaS) binding assays were established and utilized as a reliable and high-capacity functional assay for determining antagonist and inverse agonist pharmacological parameters of novel histamine H(3) ligands, at the recombinant human H(3) receptor. [(35)S]GTPgammaS binding assays were performed with membranes prepared from human embryonic kidney 293 cells stably expressing the full-length (445 amino acids) human H(3) receptor isoform, at approximately 1 pmol/mg of protein. Utilizing robotic liquid handling, assay filtration, and scintillation counting in a 96-well format, concentration-response curves were determined for up to 40 compounds per assay. The imidazole-containing H(3) receptor antagonist ciproxifan and the non-imidazole antagonist ABT-239 inhibited (R)-alpha-methylhistamine (RAMH)-stimulated [(35)S]GTPgammaS binding in a competitive manner, and negative logarithm of the dissociation equilibrium constant (pK(b)) values determined for nearly 200 structurally diverse H(3) antagonists were very similar to the respective negative logarithm of the equilibrium inhibition constant values from N-alpha-[(3)H]methylhistamine competition binding assays. H(3) antagonists also concentration-dependently decreased basal [(35)S]GTPgammaS binding, thereby displaying inverse agonism at the constitutively active H(3) receptor. At maximally effective concentrations, non-imidazole H(3) antagonists inhibited basal [(35)S]GTPgammaS binding by approximately 20%. For over 100 of these antagonists, negative logarithm of the 50% effective concentration values for inverse agonism were very similar to the respective pK(b) values. Both H(3) receptor agonist-dependent and -independent (constitutive) [(35)S]GTPgammaS binding were sensitive to changes in assay concentrations of sodium, magnesium, and the guanine nucleotide GDP; however, the potency of ABT-239 for inhibition of RAMH-stimulated [(35)S]GTPgammaS binding was not significantly affected. These robust and reliable [(35)S]GTPgammaS binding assays have become one of the important tools in our pharmacological analysis and development of novel histamine H(3) receptor antagonists/inverse agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas R Miller
- Neuroscience Research, Global Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL 60064-6125, USA.
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264
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von Coburg Y, Kottke T, Weizel L, Ligneau X, Stark H. Potential utility of histamine H3 receptor antagonist pharmacophore in antipsychotics. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2008; 19:538-42. [PMID: 19091563 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2008] [Revised: 09/01/2008] [Accepted: 09/03/2008] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Histamine H3 receptor (H3R) antagonists have some antipsychotic properties although the clear molecular mechanism is still unknown. As actually the most effective and less side effective antipsychotics are drugs with multiple targets we have designed typical and atypical neuroleptics with an additional histamine H3 pharmacophore. The 4-(3-piperidinopropoxy)phenyl pharmacophore moiety has been linked to amitriptyline, maprotiline, chlorpromazine, chlorprothixene, fluphenazine, and clozapine. Amide, amine and ester elements have been used generally to maintain or slightly shift affinity at dopamine D(2)-like receptors (D2 and D3), to decrease affinity at histamine H(1) receptors, and to obtain H3R ligands with low nanomolar or subnanomolar affinity. Change of effects at D(1)-like receptors (D1) and (D5) were heterogeneous. With these newly profiled compounds different antipsychotic properties might be achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y von Coburg
- Johann Wolfgang Goethe Universität, Institut für Pharmazeutische Chemie, Biozentrum, ZAFES/CMP, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
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265
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Synthesis and evaluation of a spiro-isobenzofuranone class of histamine H3 receptor inverse agonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2008; 18:5101-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.07.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2008] [Revised: 07/28/2008] [Accepted: 07/30/2008] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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266
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Łażewska D, Kuder K, Ligneau X, Schwartz JC, Schunack W, Stark H, Kieć-Kononowicz K. Piperidine variations in search for non-imidazole histamine H3 receptor ligands. Bioorg Med Chem 2008; 16:8729-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2008.07.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2008] [Revised: 07/20/2008] [Accepted: 07/24/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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267
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Abstract
Histamine is a transmitter in the nervous system and a signaling molecule in the gut, the skin, and the immune system. Histaminergic neurons in mammalian brain are located exclusively in the tuberomamillary nucleus of the posterior hypothalamus and send their axons all over the central nervous system. Active solely during waking, they maintain wakefulness and attention. Three of the four known histamine receptors and binding to glutamate NMDA receptors serve multiple functions in the brain, particularly control of excitability and plasticity. H1 and H2 receptor-mediated actions are mostly excitatory; H3 receptors act as inhibitory auto- and heteroreceptors. Mutual interactions with other transmitter systems form a network that links basic homeostatic and higher brain functions, including sleep-wake regulation, circadian and feeding rhythms, immunity, learning, and memory in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helmut L Haas
- Institute of Neurophysiology, Heinrich-Heine-University, Duesseldorf, Germany.
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268
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Novel histamine H3 receptor antagonists GSK189254 and GSK334429 are efficacious in surgically-induced and virally-induced rat models of neuropathic pain. Pain 2008; 138:61-69. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pain.2007.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2007] [Revised: 10/19/2007] [Accepted: 11/09/2007] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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269
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Shim WS, Oh U. Histamine-induced itch and its relationship with pain. Mol Pain 2008; 4:29. [PMID: 18667087 PMCID: PMC2519061 DOI: 10.1186/1744-8069-4-29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2008] [Accepted: 07/31/2008] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Itch is one of the major complications of skin diseases. Although there are various substances that induce itch or pruritus, it is evident that histamine is the best known endogenous agent that evokes itch. Even though histamine-induced itch has been studied for some time, the underlying mechanism of itch is just beginning to emerge. Although various downstream signaling pathways of histamine receptors have been revealed, more studies are required to determine the cause of histamine-induced itch. It appears that itch and pain involve different neuronal pathways. Pain generally inhibits itch, which indicates an inter-communication between the two. Complex interactions between itch and pain may be expected based on reports on disease states and opioids. In this review, we discuss the molecular mechanism and the pharmacological aspects of histamine-induced itch. Especially, the underlying mechanism of TRPV1 (an anti-pruritus target) has been determined to some extent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won-Sik Shim
- National Research Laboratory of Transporters Targeted Drug Design, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy,Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, Korea.
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270
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Cloning and characterization of dominant negative splice variants of the human histamine H4 receptor. Biochem J 2008; 414:121-31. [DOI: 10.1042/bj20071583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The H4R (histamine H4 receptor) is the latest identified member of the histamine receptor subfamily of GPCRs (G-protein-coupled receptors) with potential functional implications in inflammatory diseases and cancer. The H4R is primarily expressed in eosinophils and mast cells and has the highest homology with the H3R. The occurrence of at least twenty different hH3R (human H3R) isoforms led us to investigate the possible existence of H4R splice variants. In the present paper, we report on the cloning of the first two alternatively spliced H4R isoforms from CD34+ cord blood-cell-derived eosinophils and mast cells. These H4R splice variants are localized predominantly intracellularly when expressed recombinantly in mammalian cells. We failed to detect any ligand binding, H4R–ligand induced signalling or constitutive activity for these H4R splice variants. However, when co-expressed with full-length H4R [H4R(390) (H4R isoform of 390 amino acids)], the H4R splice variants have a dominant negative effect on the surface expression of H4R(390). We detected H4R(390)–H4R splice varianthetero-oligomers by employing both biochemical (immunoprecipitation and cell-surface labelling) and biophysical [time-resolved FRET (fluorescence resonance energy transfer)] techniques. mRNAs encoding the H4R splice variants were detected in various cell types and expressed at similar levels to the full-length H4R(390) mRNA in, for example, pre-monocytes. We conclude that the H4R splice variants described here have a dominant negative effect on H4R(390) functionality, as they are able to retain H4R(390) intracellularly and inactivate a population of H4R(390), presumably via hetero-oligomerization.
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271
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Nagase T, Mizutani T, Ishikawa S, Sekino E, Sasaki T, Fujimura T, Ito S, Mitobe Y, Miyamoto Y, Yoshimoto R, Tanaka T, Ishihara A, Takenaga N, Tokita S, Fukami T, Sato N. Synthesis, Structure−Activity Relationships, and Biological Profiles of a Quinazolinone Class of Histamine H3 Receptor Inverse Agonists. J Med Chem 2008; 51:4780-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jm8003834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Nagase
- Tsukuba Research Institute, Merck Research Laboratories, Banyu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Okubo 3, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 300-2611, Japan
| | - Takashi Mizutani
- Tsukuba Research Institute, Merck Research Laboratories, Banyu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Okubo 3, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 300-2611, Japan
| | - Shiho Ishikawa
- Tsukuba Research Institute, Merck Research Laboratories, Banyu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Okubo 3, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 300-2611, Japan
| | - Etsuko Sekino
- Tsukuba Research Institute, Merck Research Laboratories, Banyu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Okubo 3, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 300-2611, Japan
| | - Takahide Sasaki
- Tsukuba Research Institute, Merck Research Laboratories, Banyu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Okubo 3, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 300-2611, Japan
| | - Takashi Fujimura
- Tsukuba Research Institute, Merck Research Laboratories, Banyu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Okubo 3, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 300-2611, Japan
| | - Sayaka Ito
- Tsukuba Research Institute, Merck Research Laboratories, Banyu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Okubo 3, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 300-2611, Japan
| | - Yuko Mitobe
- Tsukuba Research Institute, Merck Research Laboratories, Banyu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Okubo 3, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 300-2611, Japan
| | - Yasuhisa Miyamoto
- Tsukuba Research Institute, Merck Research Laboratories, Banyu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Okubo 3, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 300-2611, Japan
| | - Ryo Yoshimoto
- Tsukuba Research Institute, Merck Research Laboratories, Banyu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Okubo 3, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 300-2611, Japan
| | - Takeshi Tanaka
- Tsukuba Research Institute, Merck Research Laboratories, Banyu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Okubo 3, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 300-2611, Japan
| | - Akane Ishihara
- Tsukuba Research Institute, Merck Research Laboratories, Banyu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Okubo 3, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 300-2611, Japan
| | - Norihiro Takenaga
- Tsukuba Research Institute, Merck Research Laboratories, Banyu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Okubo 3, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 300-2611, Japan
| | - Shigeru Tokita
- Tsukuba Research Institute, Merck Research Laboratories, Banyu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Okubo 3, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 300-2611, Japan
| | - Takehiro Fukami
- Tsukuba Research Institute, Merck Research Laboratories, Banyu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Okubo 3, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 300-2611, Japan
| | - Nagaaki Sato
- Tsukuba Research Institute, Merck Research Laboratories, Banyu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Okubo 3, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 300-2611, Japan
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272
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Histamine H4 receptors regulate ACTH release in AtT-20 cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2008; 587:336-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2008.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2007] [Revised: 02/26/2008] [Accepted: 03/12/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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273
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Gavin BA, Arruda SE, Dolph PJ. The role of carcinine in signaling at the Drosophila photoreceptor synapse. PLoS Genet 2008; 3:e206. [PMID: 18069895 PMCID: PMC2134947 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.0030206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2007] [Accepted: 10/05/2007] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The Drosophila melanogaster photoreceptor cell has long served as a model system for researchers focusing on how animal sensory neurons receive information from their surroundings and translate this information into chemical and electrical messages. Electroretinograph (ERG) analysis of Drosophila mutants has helped to elucidate some of the genes involved in the visual transduction pathway downstream of the photoreceptor cell, and it is now clear that photoreceptor cell signaling is dependent upon the proper release and recycling of the neurotransmitter histamine. While the neurotransmitter transporters responsible for clearing histamine, and its metabolite carcinine, from the synaptic cleft have remained unknown, a strong candidate for a transporter of either substrate is the uncharacterized inebriated protein. The inebriated gene (ine) encodes a putative neurotransmitter transporter that has been localized to photoreceptor cells in Drosophila and mutations in ine result in an abnormal ERG phenotype in Drosophila. Loss-of-function mutations in ebony, a gene required for the synthesis of carcinine in Drosophila, suppress components of the mutant ine ERG phenotype, while loss-of-function mutations in tan, a gene necessary for the hydrolysis of carcinine in Drosophila, have no effect on the ERG phenotype in ine mutants. We also show that by feeding wild-type flies carcinine, we can duplicate components of mutant ine ERGs. Finally, we demonstrate that treatment with H3 receptor agonists or inverse agonists rescue several components of the mutant ine ERG phenotype. Here, we provide pharmacological and genetic epistatic evidence that ine encodes a carcinine neurotransmitter transporter. We also speculate that the oscillations observed in mutant ine ERG traces are the result of the aberrant activity of a putative H3 receptor. During signaling in the nervous system, individual nerve cells transfer information to one another by a complex process called synaptic transmission. This communication involves the release of a specific neurotransmitter into the synaptic cleft, which then triggers signaling in the downstream neuron by binding to and activating specific cell surface receptors. In order to terminate the neuronal signal, the neurotransmitter must be rapidly removed from the synaptic cleft. This is done by two mechanisms: the neurotransmitter can be degraded or modified, or the transmitter can be taken up by the presynaptic neuron and packaged into vesicles for reuse. In the compound eye of the fruitfly D. melanogaster, the photoreceptor cell responds to light and releases histamine into the synaptic cleft. This signal is terminated by the removal of histamine from the synapse and the enzymatic conversion of histamine to carcinine. We have shown that it is not sufficient just to modify the histamine neurotransmitter, but it is also important to remove carcinine from the photoreceptor synapse. The failure to adequately remove carcinine results in defects in the visual transduction process. Moreover, the work suggests that carcinine itself modulates vision by regulating histamine release into the synapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan A Gavin
- Department of Biology, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, United States of America
| | - Susan E Arruda
- Department of Biology, Franklin Pierce College, Rindge, New Hampshire, United States of America
| | - Patrick J Dolph
- Department of Biology, Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, United States of America
- * To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
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274
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Ferrada C, Ferré S, Casadó V, Cortés A, Justinova Z, Barnes C, Canela EI, Goldberg SR, Leurs R, Lluis C, Franco R. Interactions between histamine H3 and dopamine D2 receptors and the implications for striatal function. Neuropharmacology 2008; 55:190-7. [PMID: 18547596 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2008.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2007] [Revised: 05/07/2008] [Accepted: 05/12/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The striatum contains a high density of histamine H(3) receptors, but their role in striatal function is poorly understood. Previous studies have demonstrated antagonistic interactions between striatal H(3) and dopamine D(1) receptors at the biochemical level, while contradictory results have been reported about interactions between striatal H(3) and dopamine D(2) receptors. In this study, by using reserpinized mice, we demonstrate the existence of behaviorally significant antagonistic postsynaptic interactions between H(3) and D(1) and also between H(3) and dopamine D(2) receptors. The selective H(3) receptor agonist imetit inhibited, while the H(3) receptor antagonist thioperamide potentiated locomotor activation induced by either the D(1) receptor agonist SKF 38393 or the D(2) receptor agonist quinpirole. High scores of locomotor activity were obtained with H(3) receptor blockade plus D(1) and D(2) receptor co-activation, i.e., when thioperamide was co-administered with both SKF 38393 and quinpirole. Radioligand binding experiments in striatal membrane preparations showed the existence of a strong and selective H(3)-D(2) receptor interaction at the membrane level. In agonist/antagonist competition experiments, stimulation of H(3) receptors with several H(3) receptor agonists significantly decreased the affinity of D(2) receptors for the agonist. This kind of intramembrane receptor-receptor interactions are a common biochemical property of receptor heteromers. In fact, by using Bioluminescence Resonance Energy Transfer techniques in co-transfected HEK-293 cells, H(3) (but not H(4)) receptors were found to form heteromers with D(2) receptors. This study demonstrates an important role of postsynaptic H(3) receptors in the modulation of dopaminergic transmission by means of a negative modulation of D(2) receptor function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Ferrada
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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275
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The histamine H3 receptor: an attractive target for the treatment of cognitive disorders. Br J Pharmacol 2008; 154:1166-81. [PMID: 18469850 DOI: 10.1038/bjp.2008.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 224] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The histamine H3 receptor, first described in 1983 as a histamine autoreceptor and later shown to also function as a heteroreceptor that regulates the release of other neurotransmitters, has been the focus of research by numerous laboratories as it represents an attractive drug target for a number of indications including cognition. The purpose of this review is to acquaint the reader with the current understanding of H3 receptor localization and function as a modulator of neurotransmitter release and its effects on cognitive processes, as well as to provide an update on selected H3 antagonists in various states of preclinical and clinical advancement. Blockade of centrally localized H3 receptors by selective H3 receptor antagonists has been shown to enhance the release of neurotransmitters such as histamine, ACh, dopamine and norepinephrine, among others, which play important roles in cognitive processes. The cognitive-enhancing effects of H3 antagonists across multiple cognitive domains in a wide number of preclinical cognition models also bolster confidence in this therapeutic approach for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, Alzheimer's disease and schizophrenia. However, although a number of clinical studies examining the efficacy of H3 receptor antagonists for a variety of cognitive disorders are currently underway, no clinical proof of concept for an H3 receptor antagonist has been reported to date. The discovery of effective H3 antagonists as therapeutic agents for the novel treatment of cognitive disorders will only be accomplished through continued research efforts that further our insights into the functions of the H3 receptor.
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276
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Abstract
The physiologic functions of histamine have been recognized for more than 100 years, yet new roles are still being uncovered. Most importantly, a newly discovered receptor of the amine has helped refine our understanding of histamine. This new receptor, the histamine H4 receptor (H4R), has a higher affinity for histamine compared with the histamine H1 receptor and appears to be more selectively expressed, found mainly on hematopoietic cells. H4R is involved in chemotaxis and inflammatory mediator release by eosinophils, mast cells, monocytes, dendritic cells, and T cells. Studies in animal models using selective antagonists or H4R-deficient mice have shown a role for the receptor in inflammation in vivo. In particular, H4R antagonists have shown promise in experimental models of asthma and pruritus, two conditions where currently marketed antihistamines targeting the histamine H1 receptor are not optimally effective in humans. Thus, a new class of H4R-specific antihistamines may be distinctively effective in treating allergic diseases associated with chronic pruritus and asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Feng Huang
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development, LLC, 3210 Merryfield Row, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
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277
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CLIC4 interacts with histamine H3 receptor and enhances the receptor cell surface expression. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2008; 369:603-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2008.02.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2008] [Accepted: 02/13/2008] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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278
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Wijtmans M, Celanire S, Snip E, Gillard MR, Gelens E, Collart PP, Venhuis BJ, Christophe B, Hulscher S, van der Goot H, Lebon F, Timmerman H, Bakker RA, Lallemand BILF, Leurs R, Talaga PE, de Esch IJP. 4-benzyl-1H-imidazoles with oxazoline termini as histamine H3 receptor agonists. J Med Chem 2008; 51:2944-53. [PMID: 18433114 DOI: 10.1021/jm7014149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Research on the therapeutic applications of the histamine H3 receptor (H3R) has traditionally focused on antagonists/inverse agonists. In contrast, H3R agonists have received less attention despite their potential use in several disease areas. The lower availability of H3R agonists not only hampers their full therapeutic exploration, it also prevents an unequivocal understanding of the structural requirements for H3R activation. In the light of these important issues, we present our findings on 4-benzyl-1H-imidazole-based H3R agonists. Starting from two high throughput screen hits (10 and 11), the benzyl side chain was altered with lipophilic groups using combinatorial and classical chemical approaches (compounds 12-31). Alkyne- or oxazolino-substituents gave excellent affinities and agonist activities up to the single digit nM range. Our findings further substantiate the growing notion that basic ligand sidechains are not necessary for H 3R activation and reveal the oxazolino group as a hitherto unexplored functional group in H3R research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maikel Wijtmans
- Leiden/Amsterdam Center for Drug Research, Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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279
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Kool J, van Marle A, Hulscher S, Selman M, van Iperen DJ, van Altena K, Gillard M, Bakker RA, Irth H, Leurs R, Vermeulen NPE. A flow-through fluorescence polarization detection system for measuring GPCR-mediated modulation of cAMP production. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 12:1074-83. [PMID: 18087072 DOI: 10.1177/1087057107308881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A flow-through fluorescence polarization (FP) detection system that makes use of a novel high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) fluorescence detector modified with polarization filters was developed. This flow-through FP detection system was evaluated by using a novel and very cost-effective bioassay for cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). The bioassay was first evaluated and optimized in an FP plate reader format and subsequently in a flow-through bioassay setup. The principle of the bioassay is based on the competition of cAMP and a fluorescent cAMP derivative for the cAMP binding domain of protein kinase A. cAMP could accurately be determined over a range of 0.8 to 30 pmol/well in the plate reader FP assay and over a range of 0.3 to 50 pmol/well in the flow-through FP assay setup. High Z' factors (i.e., 0.89 for the plate reader and 0.93 for the flow-through FP cAMP assay, respectively) indicated robust assays. Finally, functional cAMP signaling of the human histamine H(3) G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) in cell cultures was measured with both assay formats with good sensitivities and assay windows. The pEC(50) values obtained in both assay formats were in accordance with those obtained with standard methods. The flow-through FP detection system could thus be used as a cost-effective alternative to FP plate reader assays. Moreover, the novel flow-through FP detection system for cAMP constitutes a good analytical tool to be used in the GPCR research field as an alternative to the use of FP plate readers or radioactive laboratories nowadays used for cAMP measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeroen Kool
- LACDR-Division of Molecular Toxicology, Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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280
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Sasho S, Seishi T, Kawamura M, Hirose R, Toki S, Shimada JI. Diamine derivatives containing imidazolidinylidene propanedinitrile as a new class of histamine H3 receptor antagonists. Part I. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2008; 18:2288-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2008.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2008] [Revised: 02/29/2008] [Accepted: 03/03/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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281
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Liu LL, Yang J, Lei GF, Wang GJ, Wang YW, Sun RP. Atomoxetine increases histamine release and improves learning deficits in an animal model of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: the spontaneously hypertensive rat. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2008; 102:527-32. [PMID: 18346050 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-7843.2008.00230.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Substantial development in the pharmacological treatment for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been made recently including approval of new non-stimulant agents targeting noradrenergic, histaminergic and dopaminergic systems. Among such, atomoxetine has been widely used, although its mechanism of action is poorly understood. It is known that central nervous system histamine is closely associated with cognition and it was recently shown that both atomoxetine and methylphenidate enhance cortical histamine release in rats. To that end, the aim of our study was to investigate the effect of atomoxetine (2 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) on histamine release using the microdialysis technique in the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR), a suitable genetic model for ADHD. Our data confirmed that atomoxetine increases extracellular levels of histamine in the prefrontal cortex, a brain region that is implicated in the pathophysiology of ADHD. Given the tie between histamine neurotransmission and treatment of cognitive dysfunction, we also assessed the effects of atomoxetine on learning and memory as measured by the Morris water maze in SHR. The results indicated that atomoxetine significantly ameliorated performance in the Morris water maze, consistent with its histamine-enhancing profile. In conclusion, the current study provides further support for the notion that the therapeutic effect of atomoxetine could involve activation of histamine neurotransmission within the prefrontal cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Li Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
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282
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Thurmond RL, Gelfand EW, Dunford PJ. The role of histamine H1 and H4 receptors in allergic inflammation: the search for new antihistamines. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2008; 7:41-53. [PMID: 18172439 DOI: 10.1038/nrd2465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 385] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Histamine has a key role in allergic inflammatory conditions. The inflammatory responses resulting from the liberation of histamine have long been thought to be mediated by the histamine H1 receptor, and H1-receptor antagonists--commonly known as antihistamines--have been used to treat allergies for many years. However, the importance of histamine in the pathology of conditions such as asthma and chronic pruritus may have been underestimated. Here, we review accumulating evidence suggesting that histamine indeed has roles in inflammation and immune function modulation in such diseases. In particular, the discovery of a fourth histamine receptor (H4) and its expression on numerous immune and inflammatory cells has prompted a re-evaluation of the actions of histamine, suggesting a new potential for H4-receptor antagonists and a possible synergy between H1 and H4-receptor antagonists in targeting various inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin L Thurmond
- Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, L.L.C. San Diego, California 92121, USA.
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283
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Le S, Gruner JA, Mathiasen JR, Marino MJ, Schaffhauser H. Correlation between ex Vivo Receptor Occupancy and Wake-Promoting Activity of Selective H3 Receptor Antagonists. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2008; 325:902-9. [DOI: 10.1124/jpet.107.135343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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284
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Marino MJ, Knutsen LJS, Williams M. Emerging Opportunities for Antipsychotic Drug Discovery in the Postgenomic Era. J Med Chem 2008; 51:1077-107. [PMID: 18198826 DOI: 10.1021/jm701094q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. Marino
- Worldwide Discovery Research, Cephalon, Inc., 145 Brandywine Parkway, West Chester, Pennsylvania 19380
| | - Lars J. S. Knutsen
- Worldwide Discovery Research, Cephalon, Inc., 145 Brandywine Parkway, West Chester, Pennsylvania 19380
| | - Michael Williams
- Worldwide Discovery Research, Cephalon, Inc., 145 Brandywine Parkway, West Chester, Pennsylvania 19380
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285
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Sander K, Kottke T, Stark H. Histamine H3 Receptor Antagonists Go to Clinics. Biol Pharm Bull 2008; 31:2163-81. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.31.2163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Sander
- Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Institut für Pharmazeutische Chemie
| | - Tim Kottke
- Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Institut für Pharmazeutische Chemie
| | - Holger Stark
- Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Institut für Pharmazeutische Chemie
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286
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Development and validation of a LC–MS method with electrospray ionization for the determination of the imidazole H3 antagonist ROS203 in rat plasma. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2008; 46:200-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2007.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2007] [Accepted: 09/08/2007] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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287
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Synthesis and Stability in Biological Media of 1H-Imidazole-1-carboxylates of ROS203, an Antagonist of the Histamine H3 Receptor. Chem Biodivers 2008; 5:140-52. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.200890004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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288
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Abstract
Presynaptic receptors for dopamine, histamine and serotonin that are located on dopaminergic, histaminergic and sertonergic axon terminals, respectively, function as autoreceptors. Presynaptic receptors also occur as heteroreceptors on other axon terminals. Auto- and heteroreceptors mainly affect Ca(2+) -dependent exocytosis from the receptor-bearing nerve ending. Some additionally subserve other presynaptic functions.Presynaptic dopamine, histamine and serotonin receptors are involved in various (patho)physiological conditions. Examples are the following:Dopamine autoreceptors play a role in Parkinson's disease, schizophrenia and drug addiction. Dopamine heteroreceptors affecting the release of acetylcholine and of amino acid neurotransmitters in the basal ganglia are also relevant for Parkinson's disease. Peripheral dopamine heteroreceptors on postganglionic sympathetic terminals influence heart rate and vascular resistance through modulation of noradrenaline release. Blockade of histamine autoreceptors increases histamine synthesis and release and may support higher CNS functions such as arousal, cognition and learning. Peripheral histamine heteroreceptors on C fiber and on postganglionic sympathetic fiber terminals diminish neuropeptide and noradrenaline release, respectively. Both inhibititory effects are beneficial in myocardial ischemia. The inhibition of neuropeptide release also explains the antimigraine effects of some agonists of presynaptic histamine receptors. Upregulation of presynaptic serotonin autoreceptors is probably involved in the pathogenesis of major depression. Correspondingly, antidepressant treatments can be linked with a reduced density of 5-HT autoreceptors. 5-HT Heteroreceptor activation diminishes acetylcholine and GABA release and may therefore increase anxiety. In the periphery, presynaptic 5-HT heteroreceptor agonists shorten migraine attacks by inhibition of the release of neuropeptides from trigeminal afferents, apart from their constrictive action on meningeal vessels.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Dopamine/metabolism
- Dopamine Agents/pharmacology
- Dopamine Agents/therapeutic use
- Histamine Antagonists/pharmacology
- Histamine Antagonists/therapeutic use
- Humans
- Nervous System Diseases/drug therapy
- Receptors, Dopamine/drug effects
- Receptors, Dopamine/metabolism
- Receptors, Dopamine/physiology
- Receptors, Histamine/drug effects
- Receptors, Histamine/metabolism
- Receptors, Histamine/physiology
- Receptors, Presynaptic/drug effects
- Receptors, Presynaptic/metabolism
- Receptors, Presynaptic/physiology
- Receptors, Serotonin/drug effects
- Receptors, Serotonin/metabolism
- Receptors, Serotonin/physiology
- Serotonin Agents/pharmacology
- Serotonin Agents/therapeutic use
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J Feuerstein
- Neurochirurgische Universitätsklinik Breisacherstrasse, 64 D - 79106, Freiburg, Germany.
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289
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Histamine H3 receptors and their role in basal ganglia physiology and pathophysiology. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/sita.200700139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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290
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Romanelli MN, Gualtieri F. The quest for the treatment of cognitive impairment: α7nicotinic and α5GABAAreceptor modulators. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2007. [DOI: 10.1517/13543776.17.11.1365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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291
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Nersesian DL, Black LA, Miller TR, Vortherms TA, Esbenshade TA, Hancock AA, Cowart MD. In vitro SAR of pyrrolidine-containing histamine H3 receptor antagonists: trends across multiple chemical series. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2007; 18:355-9. [PMID: 18077160 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2007.10.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2007] [Revised: 10/17/2007] [Accepted: 10/19/2007] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Structure-activity relationships (SAR) were analyzed within a library of diverse yet simple compounds prepared as histamine H3 antagonists. The libraries were constructed with a variety of low molecular weight pyrrolidines, selected from (R)-2-methylpyrrolidine, (S)-2-methylpyrrolidine, and pyrrolidine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana L Nersesian
- Neuroscience Research, Global Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Abbott Laboratories, 100 Abbott Park Road, Abbott Park, IL 60064, USA.
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292
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Bongers G, Krueger KM, Miller TR, Baranowski JL, Estvander BR, Witte DG, Strakhova MI, van Meer P, Bakker RA, Cowart MD, Hancock AA, Esbenshade TA, Leurs R. An 80-amino acid deletion in the third intracellular loop of a naturally occurring human histamine H3 isoform confers pharmacological differences and constitutive activity. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2007; 323:888-98. [PMID: 17855474 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.107.127639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In this article, we pharmacologically characterized two naturally occurring human histamine H3 receptor (hH3R) isoforms, hH3R(445) and hH3R(365). These abundantly expressed splice variants differ by a deletion of 80 amino acids in the intracellular loop 3. In this report, we show that the hH3R(365) is differentially expressed compared with the hH3R(445) and has a higher affinity and potency for H3R agonists and conversely a lower potency and affinity for H3R inverse agonists. Furthermore, we show a higher constitutive signaling of the hH3R(365) compared with the hH3R(445) in both guanosine-5'-O-(3-[35S]thio) triphosphate binding and cAMP assays, likely explaining the observed differences in hH3R pharmacology of the two isoforms. Because H3R ligands are beneficial in animal models of obesity, epilepsy, and cognitive diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and currently entered clinical trails, these differences in H3R pharmacology of these two isoforms are of great importance for a detailed understanding of the action of H3R ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerold Bongers
- Leiden/Amsterdam Center for Drug Research, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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293
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Affiliation(s)
- George A Bray
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University System, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA.
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294
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Isensee K, Petroianu G, Stark H. Pharmacological aspects of cognitive impairment: past, present and future of drugs in dementia. J Appl Biomed 2007. [DOI: 10.32725/jab.2007.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
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295
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Wijtmans M, Leurs R, de Esch I. Histamine H3 receptor ligands break ground in a remarkable plethora of therapeutic areas. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2007; 16:967-85. [PMID: 17594183 DOI: 10.1517/13543784.16.7.967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The neurotransmitter histamine exerts its action through four distinct histamine receptors. The histamine H(1) and H(2) receptor are well established drug targets, whereas the histamine H(4) receptor is undergoing rigorous characterisation at present. The histamine H(3) receptor (H(3)R) is a G(i/o)-protein coupled receptor and is mostly expressed in the CNS. A remarkably large and different array of therapeutic areas, in which ligands for the H(3)R may prove useful, has been identified and a massive research undertaking is underway to substantiate the high expectations for H(3)R ligands. At present, several ligands for the H(3)R are being evaluated in clinical studies. In this review, the many potential therapeutic areas for H(3)R antagonists, inverse agonists and agonists is discussed. Promising medicinal chemistry and toxicological developments, as well as the advancement of several H(3)R ligands into the clinic, will be highlighted. This review also describes the problems that have been overcome and the questions that remain in developing H(3)R-related drugs. Considering the tremendous efforts by industry, it can be expected that the first H(3)R drugs will reach the market soon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maikel Wijtmans
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Leiden/Amsterdam Center of Drug Research, Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, De Boelelaan 1083, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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296
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Breunig E, Michel K, Zeller F, Seidl S, Weyhern CWHV, Schemann M. Histamine excites neurones in the human submucous plexus through activation of H1, H2, H3 and H4 receptors. J Physiol 2007; 583:731-42. [PMID: 17627982 PMCID: PMC2277025 DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2007.139352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Histamine is a major mast cell mediator of immunoneural signalling in the gut and mast cells play a role in the pathophysiology of functional and inflammatory bowel diseases. Histamine receptors are therefore promising drug targets to treat gut disorders. We aimed to study the so far unknown effect of histamine on neural activity in the human enteric nervous system (ENS) and to identify the pharmacology of histamine response. We used fast imaging techniques in combination with the potentiometric dye di-8-ANEPPS to monitor directly membrane potential changes and thereby neuronal excitability in the human submucous plexus from surgical specimens of 110 patients (2137 neurones, 273 ganglia). Local microejection of histamine resulted in action potential discharge in 37% of neurones. This excitatory effect was mimicked by the H(1) agonist HTMT-dimaleat, H(2) agonist dimaprit, H(3) agonist (R)-(-)-alpha-methylhistamine and H(4) agonist 4-methylhistamine. The excitatory actions of the agonists were specifically and selectively blocked by the H(1), H(2), H(3) or H(4) receptor antagonists pyrilamine, ranitidine, clobenpropit or J1-[(5-chloro-1H-indol-2-yl)carbonyl]-4-methylpiperazine (JNJ 7777120), respectively. Clobenproprit reduced the excitatory response to histamine. Unlike in the guinea-pig ENS (R)-(-)-alpha-methylhistamine had no presynaptic actions in human submucous plexus. Application of agonists revealed receptor clustering which was as follows: 29% H(1)/H(3), 27% H(2), 20% H(1)/H(2)/H(3), 10% H(3), 7% H(1)/H(2) and 7% H(2)/H(3). Histamine excites human enteric neurones and this effect involves all four histamine receptors; most striking was the identification of an excitatory H(3) mediated component and the discovery of H(4) mediated neuronal excitation. These data may form the basis of identification of new targets to treat inflammatory and functional gut disorders.
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MESH Headings
- Action Potentials
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Female
- Histamine/administration & dosage
- Histamine/metabolism
- Histamine Agonists/pharmacology
- Histamine Antagonists/pharmacology
- Humans
- In Vitro Techniques
- Intestine, Large/innervation
- Intestine, Small/innervation
- Male
- Membrane Potentials
- Microinjections
- Middle Aged
- Presynaptic Terminals/metabolism
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/metabolism
- Receptors, Histamine/drug effects
- Receptors, Histamine/metabolism
- Receptors, Histamine H1/metabolism
- Receptors, Histamine H2/metabolism
- Receptors, Histamine H3/metabolism
- Receptors, Histamine H4
- Submucous Plexus/drug effects
- Submucous Plexus/metabolism
- Time Factors
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Breunig
- Department of Human Biology, Technische Universität München, Hochfeldweg 2, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
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297
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Bongers G, Sallmen T, Passani MB, Mariottini C, Wendelin D, Lozada A, Marle AV, Navis M, Blandina P, Bakker RA, Panula P, Leurs R. The Akt/GSK-3beta axis as a new signaling pathway of the histamine H(3) receptor. J Neurochem 2007; 103:248-58. [PMID: 17623045 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2007.04752.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Drugs targeting the histamine H(3) receptor (H(3)R) are suggested to be beneficial for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. The H(3)R activates G(i/o)-proteins to inhibit adenylyl cyclase activity and modulates phospholipase A(2) and MAPK activity. Herein we show that, in transfected SK-N-MC cells, the H(3)R modulates the activity of the Akt/Glycogen synthase kinase 3beta (GSK-3beta) axis both in a constitutive and agonist-dependent fashion. H(3)R stimulation with the H(3)R agonist immepip induces the phosphorylation of both Ser473 and Thr308 on Akt, a serine/threonine kinase that is important for neuronal development and function. The H(3)R-mediated activation of Akt can be inhibited by the H(3)R inverse agonist thioperamide, and by Wortmannin, LY294002 and PTX, suggesting the observed Akt activation occurs via a G(i/o)-mediated activation of phosphoinositide-3-kinase. H(3)R activation also results in the phosphorylation of Ser9 on GSK-3beta, which acts downstream of Akt and has a prominent role in brain function. In addition, we show the H(3)R-mediated phosphorylation of Akt at Ser473 to occur in primary rat cortical neurons and in rat brain slices. The discovery of this signaling property of the H(3)R adds new understanding to the roles of histamine and the H(3)R in brain function and pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerold Bongers
- Leiden/Amsterdam Center for Drug Research, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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298
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Arrang JM. Le récepteur H3 de l’histamine : une cible pour de nouveaux traitements des troubles de l’éveil et de la cognition. ANNALES PHARMACEUTIQUES FRANÇAISES 2007; 65:275-84. [PMID: 17652997 DOI: 10.1016/s0003-4509(07)90047-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The histamine H3 receptor was identified in the 80's by our group as a presynaptic autoreceptor inhibiting histamine synthesis and release in the rat brain. Sixteen years later, cloning of the related human H3 receptor revealed the existence of isoforms, species pharmacological differences and a high constitutive (spontaneous) activity of the receptor. All these molecular findings have to be taken into account for optimizing aimed at clinical applications ligands. H3 receptor inverse agonists, by increasing histamine neuron activity, promote arousal and enhance cognitive performances. Pharmaceutical firms have shown considerable interest for this new class of drugs and many programmes of clinical development of H3 receptor inverse agonists for the treatment of arousal and cognitive disorders are presently being conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-M Arrang
- Inserm, Unité de neurobiologie et pharmacologie moléculaire (U 573), Centre Paul Broca, 2 ter, rue d'Alésia F 75014 Paris.
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299
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Berlin M, Boyce CW. Recent advances in the development of histamine H3antagonists. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2007; 17:675-87. [DOI: 10.1517/13543776.17.6.675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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300
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Arrang JM, Morisset S, Gbahou F. Constitutive activity of the histamine H3 receptor. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2007; 28:350-7. [PMID: 17573125 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2007.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2006] [Revised: 04/12/2007] [Accepted: 05/25/2007] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Constitutive activity has been mainly recorded for numerous overexpressed and/or mutated receptors. The histamine H(3) receptor (H(3)R) is a target of choice to study the physiological relevance of this process. In rodent brain, postsynaptic H(3)Rs show high constitutive activity, and presynaptic H(3) autoreceptors that show constitutive activity have a predominant role in inhibiting the activity of histamine neurons. H(3)R inverse agonists abrogate this constitutive brake and enhance histamine release in vivo. Some of these inverse agonists have entered clinical trials for the treatment of cognitive and food intake disorders. Studies performed in vitro and in vivo with proxyfan show that this H(3)R ligand is a 'protean agonist' - that is, a ligand with a spectrum of activity ranging from full agonism to full inverse agonism depending on the level of H(3)R constitutive activity. Consistent with its physiological and therapeutic relevance, the constitutive activity of H(3)R thus has a major function in the brain and regulates the activity of H(3)R-targeted drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Michel Arrang
- INSERM, Unité de Neurobiologie et Pharmacologie Moléculaire (U 573), Centre Paul Broca, 75014 Paris, France.
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