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Ellison-Hughes GM, Madeddu P. Exploring pericyte and cardiac stem cell secretome unveils new tactics for drug discovery. Pharmacol Ther 2017; 171:1-12. [PMID: 27916652 PMCID: PMC5636619 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2016.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Ischaemic diseases remain a major cause of morbidity and mortality despite continuous advancements in medical and interventional treatments. Moreover, available drugs reduce symptoms associated with tissue ischaemia, without providing a definitive repair. Cardiovascular regenerative medicine is an expanding field of research that aims to improve the treatment of ischaemic disorders through restorative methods, such as gene therapy, stem cell therapy, and tissue engineering. Stem cell transplantation has salutary effects through direct and indirect actions, the latter being attributable to growth factors and cytokines released by stem cells and influencing the endogenous mechanisms of repair. Autologous stem cell therapies offer less scope for intellectual property coverage and have limited scalability. On the other hand, off-the-shelf cell products and derivatives from the stem cell secretome have a greater potential for large-scale distribution, thus enticing commercial investors and reciprocally producing more significant medical and social benefits. This review focuses on the paracrine properties of cardiac stem cells and pericytes, two stem cell populations that are increasingly attracting the attention of regenerative medicine operators. It is likely that new cardiovascular drugs are introduced in the next future by applying different approaches based on the refinement of the stem cell secretome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgina M Ellison-Hughes
- Centre of Human & Aerospace Physiological Sciences, Centre for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Life Sciences, Guy's Campus, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
| | - Paolo Madeddu
- Chair Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, Bristol Heart Institute, School of Clinical Sciences University of Bristol Level 7, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Upper Maudlin Street, Bristol BS2 8HW, United Kingdom.
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252
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Bone regeneration in the stem cell era: safe play for the patient? Clin Rheumatol 2017; 36:745-752. [DOI: 10.1007/s10067-017-3581-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 02/05/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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253
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Spiekman M, van Dongen JA, Willemsen JC, Hoppe DL, van der Lei B, Harmsen MC. The power of fat and its adipose-derived stromal cells: emerging concepts for fibrotic scar treatment. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2017; 11:3220-3235. [PMID: 28156060 PMCID: PMC5724515 DOI: 10.1002/term.2213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Revised: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Lipofilling or lipografting is a novel and promising treatment method for reduction or prevention of dermal scars after injury. Ample anecdotal evidence from case reports supports the scar‐reducing properties of adipose tissue grafts. However, only a few properly controlled and designed clinical trials have been conducted thus far on this topic. Also, the underlying mechanism by which lipofilling improves scar aspect and reduces neuropathic scar pain remains largely undiscovered. Adipose‐derived stromal or stem cells (ADSC) are often described to be responsible for this therapeutic effect of lipofilling. We review the recent literature and discuss anticipated mechanisms that govern anti‐scarring capacity of adipose tissue and its ADSC. Both clinical and animal studies clearly demonstrated that lipofilling and ADSC influence processes associated with wound healing, including extracellular matrix remodelling, angiogenesis and modulation of inflammation in dermal scars. However, randomized clinical trials, providing sufficient level of evidence for lipofilling and/or ADSC as an anti‐scarring treatment, are lacking yet warranted in the near future. © 2017 The Authors Journal of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd
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Affiliation(s)
- Maroesjka Spiekman
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Joris A van Dongen
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,Department of Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Joep C Willemsen
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,Department of Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Delia L Hoppe
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Microsurgery/Handsurgery, Charité University Medicine, Ernst Von Bergmann Clinic, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Berend van der Lei
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Martin C Harmsen
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
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254
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Shree N, Bhonde RR. Conditioned Media From Adipose Tissue Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Reverse Insulin Resistance in Cellular Models. J Cell Biochem 2017; 118:2037-2043. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nitya Shree
- School of Regenerative Medicine; GKVK Post Bellary Road Bangalore India
| | - Ramesh R. Bhonde
- School of Regenerative Medicine; GKVK Post Bellary Road Bangalore India
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255
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Rajan TS, Giacoppo S, Diomede F, Ballerini P, Paolantonio M, Marchisio M, Piattelli A, Bramanti P, Mazzon E, Trubiani O. The secretome of periodontal ligament stem cells from MS patients protects against EAE. Sci Rep 2016; 6:38743. [PMID: 27924938 PMCID: PMC5141419 DOI: 10.1038/srep38743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Manipulation of stem cells or stem cells-derived secretome has emerged as a novel alternative therapeutic option for multiple sclerosis (MS). Here we show that human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs)-derived conditioned medium (hPDLSCs-CM) and purified exosomes/microvesicles (hPDLSCs-EMVs) obtained from Relapsing Remitting (RR)-MS patients and healthy donors block experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a mouse model of MS, by inducing anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects in spinal cord and spleen, and reverse disease progression by restoring tissue integrity via remyelination in the spinal cord. We show that hPDLSCs-CM and hPDLSCs-EMVs reduce pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-17, IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and induce anti-inflammatory IL-10. In addition, apoptosis related STAT1, p53, Caspase 3, and Bax expressions were attenuated. Our findings unravel the immunosuppressive effects of hPDLSCs-CM and hPDLSCs-EMVs in EAE mice, and suggest simple alternative autologous source for patient-customized cell-free targeting treatment in MS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thangavelu Soundara Rajan
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino-Pulejo”, Via Provinciale Palermo, contrada Casazza, 98124, Messina, Italy
| | - Sabrina Giacoppo
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino-Pulejo”, Via Provinciale Palermo, contrada Casazza, 98124, Messina, Italy
| | - Francesca Diomede
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, via dei Vestini, 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Patrizia Ballerini
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, via dei Vestini, 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Michele Paolantonio
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, via dei Vestini, 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Marco Marchisio
- Department of Medicine and Aging Science, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, via dei Vestini, 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Adriano Piattelli
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, via dei Vestini, 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
| | - Placido Bramanti
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino-Pulejo”, Via Provinciale Palermo, contrada Casazza, 98124, Messina, Italy
| | - Emanuela Mazzon
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino-Pulejo”, Via Provinciale Palermo, contrada Casazza, 98124, Messina, Italy
| | - Oriana Trubiani
- Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, via dei Vestini, 31, 66100, Chieti, Italy
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256
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van Dongen JA, Stevens HP, Parvizi M, van der Lei B, Harmsen MC. The fractionation of adipose tissue procedure to obtain stromal vascular fractions for regenerative purposes. Wound Repair Regen 2016; 24:994-1003. [PMID: 27717133 DOI: 10.1111/wrr.12482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Autologous adipose tissue transplantation is clinically used to reduce dermal scarring and to restore volume loss. The therapeutic benefit on tissue damage more likely depends on the stromal vascular fraction of adipose tissue than on the adipocyte fraction. This stromal vascular fraction can be obtained by dissociation of adipose tissue, either enzymatically or mechanical. Enzymatic dissociation procedures are time-consuming and expensive. Therefore, we developed a new inexpensive mechanical dissociation procedure to obtain the stromal vascular fraction from adipose tissue in a time sparing way, which is directly available for therapeutic injection. This mechanical dissociation procedure is denoted as the fractionation of adipose tissue (FAT) procedure. The FAT procedure was performed in eleven patients. The composition of the FAT-stromal vascular fraction was characterized by immunohistochemistry. Adipose derived stromal cells isolated from the FAT-stromal vascular fraction were compared with adipose derived stromal cells isolated from nondissociated adipose tissue (control) for their CD-surface marker expression, differentiation and colony forming unit capacity. Case reports demonstrated the therapeutic effect of the FAT-stromal vascular fraction. The FAT-stromal vascular fraction is an enrichment of extracellular matrix containing a microvasculature and culturable adipose derived stromal cells. Adipose derived stromal cells isolated from FAT-stromal vascular fraction did not differ from adipose derived stromal cells isolated from the control group in CD-surface marker expression, differentiation and colony forming unit capacity. The FAT procedure is a rapid effective mechanical dissociation procedure to generate FAT-stromal vascular fraction ready for injection with all its therapeutic components of adipose tissue: it contains culturable adipose derived stromal cells embedded in their natural supportive extracellular matrix together with the microvasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joris A van Dongen
- Plastic Surgery Department, Bergman Clinics, Rijswijk, The Netherlands.,Department of Pathology & Medical Biology, University of Groningen and University Medical Centre of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Groningen and University Medical Centre of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Mojtaba Parvizi
- Department of Pathology & Medical Biology, University of Groningen and University Medical Centre of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Berend van der Lei
- Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Groningen and University Medical Centre of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Plastic Surgery Department, Bergman Clinics, Heerenveen and Zwolle, The Netherlands
| | - Martin C Harmsen
- Department of Pathology & Medical Biology, University of Groningen and University Medical Centre of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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257
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Nitkin CR, Bonfield TL. Concise Review: Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy for Pediatric Disease: Perspectives on Success and Potential Improvements. Stem Cells Transl Med 2016; 6:539-565. [PMID: 28191766 PMCID: PMC5442806 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2015-0427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) represent a potentially revolutionary therapy for a wide variety of pediatric diseases, but the optimal cell-based therapeutics for such diversity have not yet been specified. The published clinical trials for pediatric pulmonary, cardiac, orthopedic, endocrine, neurologic, and hematologic diseases provide evidence that MSCs are indeed efficacious, but the significant heterogeneity in therapeutic approaches between studies raises new questions. The purpose of this review is to stimulate new preclinical and clinical trials to investigate these factors. First, we discuss recent clinical trials for pediatric diseases studying MSCs obtained from bone marrow, umbilical cord and umbilical cord blood, placenta, amniotic fluid, and adipose tissue. We then identify factors, some unique to pediatrics, which must be examined to optimize therapeutic efficacy, including route of administration, dose, timing of administration, the role of ex vivo differentiation, cell culture techniques, donor factors, host factors, and the immunologic implications of allogeneic therapy. Finally, we discuss some of the practicalities of bringing cell-based therapy into the clinic, including regulatory and manufacturing considerations. The aim of this review is to inform future studies seeking to maximize therapeutic efficacy for each disease and for each patient. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2017;6:539-565.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher R. Nitkin
- Division of Neonatology, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Tracey L. Bonfield
- Division of Pulmonology, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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258
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Metabolic determinants of the immune modulatory function of neural stem cells. J Neuroinflammation 2016; 13:232. [PMID: 27590826 PMCID: PMC5009670 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-016-0667-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neural stem cells (NSCs) display tissue trophic and immune modulatory therapeutic activities after transplantation in central nervous system disorders. The intercellular interplay between stem cells and target immune cells is increased in NSCs exposed to inflammatory cues. Here, we hypothesize that inflammatory cytokine signalling leads to metabolic reprogramming of NSCs regulating some of their immune modulatory effects. Methods NSC lines were prepared from the subventricular zone (SVZ) of 7–12-week-old mice. Whole secretome-based screening and analysis of intracellular small metabolites was performed in NSCs exposed to cocktails of either Th1-like (IFN-γ, 500 U/ml; TNF-α, 200 U/ml; IL-1β, 100 U/ml) or Th2-like (IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13; 10 ng/ml) inflammatory cytokines for 16 h in vitro. Isotopologues distribution of arginine and downstream metabolites was assessed by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry in NSCs incubated with U-13C6 L-arginine in the presence or absence of Th1 or Th2 cocktails (Th1 NSCs or Th2 NSCs). The expression of arginase I and II was investigated in vitro in Th1 NSCs and Th2 NSCs and in vivo in the SVZ of mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, as prototypical model of Th1 cell-driven brain inflammatory disease. The effects of the inflammatory cytokine signalling were studied in NSC-lymph node cells (LNC) co-cultures by flow cytometry-based analysis of cell proliferation following pan-arginase inhibition with Nω-hydroxy-nor-arginine (nor-NOHA). Results Cytokine-primed NSCs showed significantly higher anti-proliferative effect in co-cultures vs. control NSCs. Metabolomic analysis of intracellular metabolites revealed alteration of arginine metabolism and increased extracellular arginase I activity in cytokine-primed NSCs. Arginase inhibition by nor-NOHA partly rescued the anti-proliferative effects of cytokine-primed NSCs. Conclusions Our work underlines the use of metabolic profiling as hypothesis-generating tools that helps unravelling how stem cell-mediated mechanisms of tissue restoration become affected by local inflammatory responses. Among different therapeutic candidates, we identify arginase signalling as novel metabolic determinant of the NSC-to-immune system communication. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12974-016-0667-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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259
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Kim MJ, Kim ZH, Kim SM, Choi YS. Conditioned medium derived from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells regenerates atrophied muscles. Tissue Cell 2016; 48:533-43. [PMID: 27457384 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2016.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Revised: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 06/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the regenerative effects and regulatory mechanisms of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs)-derived conditioned medium (CM) in atrophied muscles using an in vivo model. To determine the appropriate harvest point of UC-CM, active factor content was analyzed in the secretome over time. A muscle atrophy model was induced in rats by hindlimb suspension (HS) for 2 weeks. Next, UC-CM was injected directly into the soleus muscle of both hind legs to assess its regenerative efficacy on atrophy-related factors after 1 week of HS. During HS, muscle mass and muscle fiber size were significantly reduced by over 2-fold relative to untreated controls. Lactate accumulation within the muscles was similarly increased. By contrast, all of the above analytical factors were significantly improved in HS-induced rats by UC-CM injection compared with saline injection. Furthermore, the expression levels of desmin and skeletal muscle actin were significantly elevated by UC-CM treatment. Importantly, UC-CM effectively suppressed expression of the atrophy-related ubiquitin E3-ligases, muscle ring finger 1 and muscle atrophy F-box by 2.3- and 2.1-fold, respectively. UC-CM exerted its actions by stimulating the phosphoinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling cascade. These findings suggest that UC-CM provides an effective stimulus to recover muscle status and function in atrophied muscles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Jin Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Z-Hun Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Mi Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Soo Choi
- Department of Biotechnology, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.
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260
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Kusindarta DL, Wihadmadyatami H, Fibrianto YH, Nugroho WS, Susetya H, Musana DK, Wijayanto H, Prihatna SA, Wahyuni AETH. Human umbilical mesenchymal stem cells conditioned medium promote primary wound healing regeneration. Vet World 2016; 9:605-10. [PMID: 27397984 PMCID: PMC4937052 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2016.605-610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: This research was conducted to clarify the capability of human umbilical mesenchymal stem cells conditioned medium (HU-MSCM) to promote regenerations of primary wound healing on the incision skin injury. Materials and Methods: In this study, two approaches in vitro and in vivo already done. On in vitro analysis, tube formation was performed using HU vein endothelial cells in the presence of HU-MSCM, in some experiments cells line was incubated prior the presence of lipopolysaccharide and HU-MSCM then apoptosis assay was performed. Furthermore, in vivo experiments 12 female rats (Rattus norvegicus) were used after rats anesthetized, 7 mm wound was made by incision on the left side of the body. The wound was treated with HU-MSCM containing cream, povidone iodine was run as a control. Wound healing regenerations on the skin samples were visualized by hematoxylin-eosin staining. Results: In vitro models elucidate HU-MSCM may decreasing inflammation at the beginning of wound healing, promote cell migration and angiogenesis. In addition in vivo models show that the incision length on the skin is decreasing and more smaller, HE staining describe decreasing of inflammation phase, increasing of angiogenesis, accelerate fibroplasia, and maturation phase. Conclusions: Taken together our observation indicates that HU-MSCM could promote the acceleration of skin tissue regenerations in primary wound healing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dwi Liliek Kusindarta
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Hevi Wihadmadyatami
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Yuda Heru Fibrianto
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Widagdo Sri Nugroho
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Heru Susetya
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Dewi Kania Musana
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Hery Wijayanto
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Surya Agus Prihatna
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - A E T H Wahyuni
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
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261
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Nugroho WS, Kusindarta DL, Susetya H, Fitriana I, Mulyani GT, Fibrianto YH, Haryanto A, Budipitojo T. The structural and functional recovery of pancreatic β-cells in type 1 diabetes mellitus induced mesenchymal stem cell-conditioned medium. Vet World 2016; 9:535-9. [PMID: 27284233 PMCID: PMC4893728 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2016.535-539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Various studies have shown that secreted factors alone in culture medium without stem cell are capable of repairing tissues by itself in various conditions involving damaged tissue/organ. Therefore, this study was aimed to investigate the role of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived conditioned medium (CM) on the recovery of pancreatic β-cells in Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) with type 1 diabetes mellitus. MATERIALS AND METHODS The 0.05 ml CM induction was applied to the diabetic group of rats in weeks 1, 2, 3, and 4. 1 week after each CM induction, insulin concentration was analyzed using ELISA. The pancreas was divided into 3 regions, processed by paraffin method, stained with hematoxylin-eosin, and immunohistochemical method for insulin. RESULTS This study indicated the decrease in the total number of islets and insulin concentration after the injection of single dose of alloxan. The exocrine acini were also damaged. Microscopic observation detected the presence of small islets in the diabetic group 1 week after the first 0.05 ml CM induction. The number and size of the islets increased in line with the CM doses and time of inductions. Immunohistochemically, the presence of low intensity of insulin-positive cells could be recognized at the splenic and duodenal regions of the pancreas, but not gastric region, 1 week after the first and second 0.05 ml CM induction. The intensity of staining and the number of insulin-positive cells increased dramatically in 1 week after the third and fourth 0.05 ml of CM induction in all regions of the pancreas. The data of insulin blood concentration showed clear differences between the second and the fourth induction of 0.05 ml CM induction. CONCLUSIONS This study showed very strong evidence on the role of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell-derived CM in recovering the pancreatic β-cells damage in Wistar rats (R. norvegicus) with type 1 diabetes mellitus, structurally and functionally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Widagdo Sri Nugroho
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Dwi Liliek Kusindarta
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Heru Susetya
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Ida Fitriana
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Guntari Titik Mulyani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Yuda Heru Fibrianto
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Aris Haryanto
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Teguh Budipitojo
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
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262
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Kwon TR, Oh CT, Choi EJ, Kim SR, Jang YJ, Ko EJ, Yoo KH, Kim BJ. Conditioned medium from human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells promotes skin moisturization and effacement of wrinkles in UVB-irradiated SKH-1 hairless mice. PHOTODERMATOLOGY PHOTOIMMUNOLOGY & PHOTOMEDICINE 2015; 32:120-8. [PMID: 26577060 DOI: 10.1111/phpp.12224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are promising therapeutic agents for various diseases. AIMS To investigate the effects of conditioned medium from human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-CdM) on pro-collagen production and wrinkle formation, we performed in vitro and in vivo experiments. METHODS We assessed the effects of MSC-CdM on proliferation and photo-aging in human dermal fibroblasts after UVB exposure using enzyme activity assays for collagen type I secretion and MMP-1. To determine the effect of topically applied MSC-CdM on wrinkle formation, MSC-CdM (1% and 10%) and vehicle (propylene glycol: ethanol, 7 : 3) were applied to the dorsal skin of UVB-irradiated hairless mice for 8 weeks. We examined the effects on wrinkle formation by assessing visual skin grading, replica, tape stripping, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), and skin hydration measurement. We also examined histology of the lesions using hematoxylin-eosin, Masson's trichrome, and immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS MSC-CdM markedly reduced UV-induced matrix metalloproteinase-1 expression and increased pro-collagen synthesis in a dose-dependent manner. Our findings suggest that MSC-CdM induces repair of dermal damage and effacement of wrinkles on UVB-irradiated hairless mice through protective effect of hydration. CONCLUSION These results support an anti-wrinkle effect of MSC-CdM that involves increased collagen synthesis and suggest that MSC-CdM might be a potential candidate for preventing UV-induced skin damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Rin Kwon
- Department of Medicine, Graduate School, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang Taek Oh
- Department of Medicine, Graduate School, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Ja Choi
- Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soon Re Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yu-Jin Jang
- Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Jung Ko
- Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kwang Ho Yoo
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, International St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon, Korea
| | - Beom Joon Kim
- Department of Medicine, Graduate School, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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263
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Xia Y, Tang HN, Wu RX, Yu Y, Gao LN, Chen FM. Cell Responses to Conditioned Media Produced by Patient-Matched Stem Cells Derived From Healthy and Inflamed Periodontal Ligament Tissues. J Periodontol 2015; 87:e53-63. [PMID: 26609694 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2015.150462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) derived from clinically compromised teeth with periodontitis are considered a readily accessible cell source, but their impaired stem cell functionalities, as observed in various in vitro and in vivo models, necessitate further investigation of these inflamed cells before their translation into therapeutic applications. In this study, the effects of conditioned media (CM) produced by stem cells derived from human healthy periodontal ligament tissues (H-PDLSCs) or inflamed periodontal ligament tissues (I-PDLSCs), referred to as H-CM and I-CM, respectively, on the biologic properties of H-PDLSCs and I-PDLSCs from the same donor are compared to explore the extent to which inflamed cells can be rescued by their extrinsic environment (i.e., by H-CM). METHODS H-CM and I-CM were prepared from in vitro cell cultures, and the cellular responses of H-PDLSCs and I-PDLSCs to patient-matched H-CM and I-CM were investigated in terms of colony-forming ability, cell proliferation, and adipogenic/osteogenic differentiation. RESULTS In H-CM and I-CM, H-PDLSCs and I-PDLSCs exhibited similar adipogenic potential. However, when incubated in I-CM, both cell types demonstrated an increased capacity to proliferate but a decreased capacity to differentiate into osteoblasts. Significantly, the impaired osteogenic differentiation of I-PDLSCs was partially rescued by incubation in H-CM under osteo-inducing conditions. CONCLUSION The CM of patient-matched H-PDLSCs and I-PDLSCs differed, and the impaired osteogenic differentiation of inflamed stem cells had the potential to be rescued, at least partially, for therapeutic use via changing the cell culture microenvironment in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, P. R. China.,Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Biomaterials Unit, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University
| | - Hao-Ning Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, P. R. China.,Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Biomaterials Unit, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University
| | - Rui-Xin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, P. R. China.,Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Biomaterials Unit, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University
| | - Yang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, P. R. China.,Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Biomaterials Unit, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University
| | - Li-Na Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, P. R. China.,Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Biomaterials Unit, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University
| | - Fa-Ming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, P. R. China.,Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Biomaterials Unit, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University
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Yamaguchi S, Shibata R, Yamamoto N, Nishikawa M, Hibi H, Tanigawa T, Ueda M, Murohara T, Yamamoto A. Dental pulp-derived stem cell conditioned medium reduces cardiac injury following ischemia-reperfusion. Sci Rep 2015; 5:16295. [PMID: 26542315 PMCID: PMC4635346 DOI: 10.1038/srep16295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs) can regenerate various tissues. We investigated the impact of SHED-conditioned medium (SHED-CM) on myocardial injury in a mouse model of ischemia-reperfusion (I/R). Wild-type (WT) mice were subjected to myocardial ischemia followed by reperfusion. SHED-CM was intravenously injected at 5 min after reperfusion. Administration of SHED-CM reduced myocardial infarct size as well as decreased apoptosis and inflammatory cytokine levels, such as TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-β, in the myocardium following I/R. In cultured cardiac myocytes, SHED-CM significantly suppressed apoptosis under hypoxia/serum-deprivation and reduced LPS-induced expression of pro-inflammatory genes. Furthermore, anti-apoptotic action of SHED-CM was stronger than bone marrow-derived stem cell (BMSC)-CM or adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC)-CM in cardiac myocytes. SHED-CM contains a higher concentration of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) than BMSC-CM and ADSC-CM, and neutralization of HGF attenuated the inhibitory actions of SHED-CM on apoptosis in cardiac myocytes. Finally, WT mice were intravenously treated with an HGF-depleted SHED-CM, followed by myocardial I/R. HGF depletion significantly attenuated the inhibitory actions of SHED-CM on myocardial infarct size and apoptosis after I/R. SHED-CM protects the heart from acute ischemic injury because it suppresses inflammation and apoptosis. SHED-CM could be a useful treatment option for acute myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Yamaguchi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Rei Shibata
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Yamamoto
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masaya Nishikawa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hideharu Hibi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tohru Tanigawa
- Department of Otolaryngology, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Minoru Ueda
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Toyoaki Murohara
- Department of Cardiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Akihito Yamamoto
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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265
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Mehanna RA, Nabil I, Attia N, Bary AA, Razek KA, Ahmed TAE, Elsayed F. The Effect of Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Their Conditioned Media Topically Delivered in Fibrin Glue on Chronic Wound Healing in Rats. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:846062. [PMID: 26236740 PMCID: PMC4508387 DOI: 10.1155/2015/846062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Revised: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 06/18/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) represent a modern approach for management of chronic skin injuries. In this work, we describe BM-MSCs application versus their conditioned media (CM) when delivered topically admixed with fibrin glue to enhance the healing of chronic excisional wounds in rats. Fifty-two adult male rats were classified into four groups after induction of large-sized full-thickness skin wound: control group (CG), fibrin only group (FG), fibrin + MSCs group (FG + SCs), and fibrin + CM group (FG + CM). Healing wounds were evaluated functionally and microscopically. Eight days after injury, number of CD68+ macrophages infiltrating granulation tissue was considerably higher in the latter two groups. Although--later--none of the groups depicted a substantially different healing rate, the quality of regenerated skin was significantly boosted by the application of either BM-MSCs or their CM both (1) structurally as demonstrated by the obviously increased mean area percent of collagen fibers in Masson's trichrome-stained skin biopsies and (2) functionally as supported by the interestingly improved epidermal barrier as well as dermal tensile strength. Thus, we conclude that topically applied BM-MSCs and their CM-via fibrin vehicle--could effectively improve the quality of healed skin in chronic excisional wounds in rats, albeit without true acceleration of wound closure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radwa A. Mehanna
- Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Dr Fahmi Abdel Meguid Street, Mowassat Building, El Shatby, Alexandria 21561, Egypt
- Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications (CERRMA), Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21514, Egypt
| | - Iman Nabil
- Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications (CERRMA), Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21514, Egypt
- Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Dr Fahmi Abdel Meguid Street, Mowassat Building, El Shatby, Alexandria 21561, Egypt
| | - Noha Attia
- Center of Excellence for Research in Regenerative Medicine and Applications (CERRMA), Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21514, Egypt
- Histology and Cell Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Dr Fahmi Abdel Meguid Street, Mowassat Building, El Shatby, Alexandria 21561, Egypt
| | - Amany A. Bary
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Dr Fahmi Abdel Meguid Street, Mowassat Building, El Shatby, Alexandria 21561, Egypt
| | - Khalid A. Razek
- Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, 71 Victor Emanuel Street, Smouha, Alexandria 21615, Egypt
| | - Tamer A. E. Ahmed
- Medical Biotechnology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, New Borg El-Arab, P.O. Box 21934, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Fatma Elsayed
- Cell Culture Department, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, 71 Victor Emanuel Street, Smouha, Alexandria 21615, Egypt
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266
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Hu J, Zhu Q, Li PL, Wang W, Yi F, Li N. Stem cell conditioned culture media attenuated albumin-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition in renal tubular cells. Cell Physiol Biochem 2015; 35:1719-28. [PMID: 25832005 PMCID: PMC4401473 DOI: 10.1159/000373984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Proteinuria-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays an important role in progressive renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis in chronic renal disease. Stem cell therapy has been used for different diseases. Stem cell conditioned culture media (SCM) exhibits similar beneficial effects as stem cell therapy. The present study tested the hypothesis that SCM inhibits albumin-induced EMT in cultured renal tubular cells. Methods Rat renal tubular cells were treated with/without albumin (20 μmg/ml) plus SCM or control cell media (CCM). EMT markers and inflammatory factors were measured by Western blot and fluorescent images. Results Albumin induced EMT as shown by significant decreases in levels of epithelial marker E-cadherin, increases in mesenchymal markers fibroblast-specific protein 1 and α-smooth muscle actin, and elevations in collagen I. SCM inhibited all these changes. Meanwhile, albumin induced NF-κB translocation from cytosol into nucleus and that SCM blocked the nuclear translocation of NF-κB. Albumin also increased the levels of pro-inflammatory factor monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP)-1 by nearly 30 fold compared with control. SCM almost abolished albumin-induced increase of MCP-1. Conclusion These results suggest that SCM attenuated albumin-induced EMT in renal tubular cells via inhibiting activation of inflammatory factors, which may serve as a new therapeutic approach for chronic kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junping Hu
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA, USA
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