301
|
Cezar CA, Mooney DJ. Biomaterial-based delivery for skeletal muscle repair. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2015; 84:188-97. [PMID: 25271446 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2014.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2014] [Revised: 08/26/2014] [Accepted: 09/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle possesses a remarkable capacity for regeneration in response to minor damage, but severe injury resulting in a volumetric muscle loss can lead to extensive and irreversible fibrosis, scarring, and loss of muscle function. In early clinical trials, the intramuscular injection of cultured myoblasts was proven to be a safe but ineffective cell therapy, likely due to rapid death, poor migration, and immune rejection of the injected cells. In recent years, appropriate therapeutic cell types and culturing techniques have improved progenitor cell engraftment upon transplantation. Importantly, the identification of several key biophysical and biochemical cues that synergistically regulate satellite cell fate has paved the way for the development of cell-instructive biomaterials that serve as delivery vehicles for cells to promote in vivo regeneration. Material carriers designed to spatially and temporally mimic the satellite cell niche may be of particular importance for the complete regeneration of severely damaged skeletal muscle.
Collapse
|
302
|
McCullagh KJA, Perlingeiro RCR. Coaxing stem cells for skeletal muscle repair. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2015; 84:198-207. [PMID: 25049085 PMCID: PMC4295015 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2014.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2014] [Revised: 06/19/2014] [Accepted: 07/07/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle has a tremendous ability to regenerate, attributed to a well-defined population of muscle stem cells called satellite cells. However, this ability to regenerate diminishes with age and can also be dramatically affected by multiple types of muscle diseases, or injury. Extrinsic and/or intrinsic defects in the regulation of satellite cells are considered to be major determinants for the diminished regenerative capacity. Maintenance and replenishment of the satellite cell pool is one focus for muscle regenerative medicine, which will be discussed. There are other sources of progenitor cells with myogenic capacity, which may also support skeletal muscle repair. However, all of these myogenic cell populations have inherent difficulties and challenges in maintaining or coaxing their derivation for therapeutic purpose. This review will highlight recent reported attributes of these cells and new bioengineering approaches to creating a supply of myogenic stem cells or implants applicable for acute and/or chronic muscle disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karl J A McCullagh
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine and Regenerative Medicine Institute, National University of Ireland Galway, Ireland
| | - Rita C R Perlingeiro
- Lillehei Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
303
|
Theocharis AD, Skandalis SS, Neill T, Multhaupt HAB, Hubo M, Frey H, Gopal S, Gomes A, Afratis N, Lim HC, Couchman JR, Filmus J, Sanderson RD, Schaefer L, Iozzo RV, Karamanos NK. Insights into the key roles of proteoglycans in breast cancer biology and translational medicine. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2015; 1855:276-300. [PMID: 25829250 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2015.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2014] [Revised: 02/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Proteoglycans control numerous normal and pathological processes, among which are morphogenesis, tissue repair, inflammation, vascularization and cancer metastasis. During tumor development and growth, proteoglycan expression is markedly modified in the tumor microenvironment. Altered expression of proteoglycans on tumor and stromal cell membranes affects cancer cell signaling, growth and survival, cell adhesion, migration and angiogenesis. Despite the high complexity and heterogeneity of breast cancer, the rapid evolution in our knowledge that proteoglycans are among the key players in the breast tumor microenvironment suggests their potential as pharmacological targets in this type of cancer. It has been recently suggested that pharmacological treatment may target proteoglycan metabolism, their utilization as targets for immunotherapy or their direct use as therapeutic agents. The diversity inherent in the proteoglycans that will be presented herein provides the potential for multiple layers of regulation of breast tumor behavior. This review summarizes recent developments concerning the biology of selected proteoglycans in breast cancer, and presents potential targeted therapeutic approaches based on their novel key roles in breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Achilleas D Theocharis
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26500 Patras, Greece
| | - Spyros S Skandalis
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26500 Patras, Greece
| | - Thomas Neill
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology and the Cancer Cell Biology and Signaling Program, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Hinke A B Multhaupt
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biotech Research & Innovation Center, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mario Hubo
- University of Frankfurt, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, Frankfurt 60590, Germany
| | - Helena Frey
- University of Frankfurt, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, Frankfurt 60590, Germany
| | - Sandeep Gopal
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biotech Research & Innovation Center, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Angélica Gomes
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biotech Research & Innovation Center, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nikos Afratis
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biotech Research & Innovation Center, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hooi Ching Lim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biotech Research & Innovation Center, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - John R Couchman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biotech Research & Innovation Center, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jorge Filmus
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute and Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Ralph D Sanderson
- University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Pathology, UAB Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1720 2nd Ave. S, WTI 602B, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Liliana Schaefer
- University of Frankfurt, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Theodor-Stern Kai 7, Frankfurt 60590, Germany
| | - Renato V Iozzo
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology and the Cancer Cell Biology and Signaling Program, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Nikos K Karamanos
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26500 Patras, Greece.
| |
Collapse
|
304
|
Hyldahl RD, Nelson B, Xin L, Welling T, Groscost L, Hubal MJ, Chipkin S, Clarkson PM, Parcell AC. Extracellular matrix remodeling and its contribution to protective adaptation following lengthening contractions in human muscle. FASEB J 2015; 29:2894-904. [PMID: 25808538 DOI: 10.1096/fj.14-266668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
This study determined the contribution of extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling to the protective adaptation of human skeletal muscle known as the repeated-bout effect (RBE). Muscle biopsies were obtained 3 hours, 2 days, and 27 days following an initial bout (B1) of lengthening contractions (LCs) and 2 days following a repeated bout (B2) in 2 separate studies. Biopsies from the nonexercised legs served as controls. In the first study, global transcriptomic analysis indicated widespread changes in ECM structural, deadhesive, and signaling transcripts, 3 hours following LC. To determine if ECM remodeling is involved in the RBE, we conducted a second study by use of a repeated-bout paradigm. TNC immunoreactivity increased 10.8-fold following B1, was attenuated following B2, and positively correlated with LC-induced strength loss (r(2) = 0.45; P = 0.009). Expression of collagen I, III, and IV (COL1A1, COL3A1, COL4A1) transcripts was unchanged early but increased 5.7 ± 2.5-, 3.2 ± 0.9-, and 2.1 ± 0.4-fold (P < 0.05), respectively, 27 days post-B1 and were unaffected by B2. Likewise, TGF-β signaling demonstrated a delayed response following LC. Satellite cell content increased 80% (P < 0.05) 2 days post-B1 (P < 0.05), remained elevated 27 days post-B1, and was unaffected by B2. Collectively, the data suggest sequential ECM remodeling characterized by early deadhesion and delayed reconstructive activity that appear to contribute to the RBE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert D Hyldahl
- *Department of Exercise Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA; Department of Natural Sciences, Ohio Dominican University, Columbus, Ohio, USA; Department of Kinesiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Massachusetts, USA; and Department of Integrative Systems Biology, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Brad Nelson
- *Department of Exercise Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA; Department of Natural Sciences, Ohio Dominican University, Columbus, Ohio, USA; Department of Kinesiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Massachusetts, USA; and Department of Integrative Systems Biology, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Ling Xin
- *Department of Exercise Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA; Department of Natural Sciences, Ohio Dominican University, Columbus, Ohio, USA; Department of Kinesiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Massachusetts, USA; and Department of Integrative Systems Biology, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Tyson Welling
- *Department of Exercise Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA; Department of Natural Sciences, Ohio Dominican University, Columbus, Ohio, USA; Department of Kinesiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Massachusetts, USA; and Department of Integrative Systems Biology, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Logan Groscost
- *Department of Exercise Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA; Department of Natural Sciences, Ohio Dominican University, Columbus, Ohio, USA; Department of Kinesiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Massachusetts, USA; and Department of Integrative Systems Biology, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Monica J Hubal
- *Department of Exercise Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA; Department of Natural Sciences, Ohio Dominican University, Columbus, Ohio, USA; Department of Kinesiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Massachusetts, USA; and Department of Integrative Systems Biology, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Stuart Chipkin
- *Department of Exercise Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA; Department of Natural Sciences, Ohio Dominican University, Columbus, Ohio, USA; Department of Kinesiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Massachusetts, USA; and Department of Integrative Systems Biology, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Priscilla M Clarkson
- *Department of Exercise Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA; Department of Natural Sciences, Ohio Dominican University, Columbus, Ohio, USA; Department of Kinesiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Massachusetts, USA; and Department of Integrative Systems Biology, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Allen C Parcell
- *Department of Exercise Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA; Department of Natural Sciences, Ohio Dominican University, Columbus, Ohio, USA; Department of Kinesiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Massachusetts, USA; and Department of Integrative Systems Biology, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
305
|
Qazi TH, Mooney DJ, Pumberger M, Geissler S, Duda GN. Biomaterials based strategies for skeletal muscle tissue engineering: existing technologies and future trends. Biomaterials 2015; 53:502-21. [PMID: 25890747 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.02.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 266] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Revised: 02/18/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscles have a robust capacity to regenerate, but under compromised conditions, such as severe trauma, the loss of muscle functionality is inevitable. Research carried out in the field of skeletal muscle tissue engineering has elucidated multiple intrinsic mechanisms of skeletal muscle repair, and has thus sought to identify various types of cells and bioactive factors which play an important role during regeneration. In order to maximize the potential therapeutic effects of cells and growth factors, several biomaterial based strategies have been developed and successfully implemented in animal muscle injury models. A suitable biomaterial can be utilized as a template to guide tissue reorganization, as a matrix that provides optimum micro-environmental conditions to cells, as a delivery vehicle to carry bioactive factors which can be released in a controlled manner, and as local niches to orchestrate in situ tissue regeneration. A myriad of biomaterials, varying in geometrical structure, physical form, chemical properties, and biofunctionality have been investigated for skeletal muscle tissue engineering applications. In the current review, we present a detailed summary of studies where the use of biomaterials favorably influenced muscle repair. Biomaterials in the form of porous three-dimensional scaffolds, hydrogels, fibrous meshes, and patterned substrates with defined topographies, have each displayed unique benefits, and are discussed herein. Additionally, several biomaterial based approaches aimed specifically at stimulating vascularization, innervation, and inducing contractility in regenerating muscle tissues are also discussed. Finally, we outline promising future trends in the field of muscle regeneration involving a deeper understanding of the endogenous healing cascades and utilization of this knowledge for the development of multifunctional, hybrid, biomaterials which support and enable muscle regeneration under compromised conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taimoor H Qazi
- Julius Wolff Institute, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Berlin-Brandenburg School for Regenerative Therapies, Berlin, Germany.
| | - David J Mooney
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, USA.
| | - Matthias Pumberger
- Berlin-Brandenburg School for Regenerative Therapies, Berlin, Germany; Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charitè - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany.
| | - Sven Geissler
- Julius Wolff Institute, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Berlin-Brandenburg School for Regenerative Therapies, Berlin, Germany; Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Georg N Duda
- Julius Wolff Institute, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Berlin-Brandenburg School for Regenerative Therapies, Berlin, Germany; Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Berlin, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
306
|
Yonekawa T, Nishino I. Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy: clinicopathological features, natural history and pathomechanism(s). J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2015; 86:280-7. [PMID: 24938411 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2013-307052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Collagen VI is widely distributed throughout extracellular matrices (ECMs) in various tissues. In skeletal muscle, collagen VI is particularly concentrated in and adjacent to basement membranes of myofibers. Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy (UCMD) is caused by mutations in either COL6A1, COL6A2 or COL6A3 gene, thereby leading to collagen VI deficiency in the ECM. It is known to occur through either recessive or dominant genetic mechanism, the latter most typically by de novo mutations. UCMD is well defined by the clinicopathological hallmarks including distal hyperlaxity, proximal joint contractures, protruding calcanei, scoliosis and respiratory insufficiency. Recent reports have depicted the robust natural history of UCMD; that is, loss of ambulation by early teenage years, rapid decline in respiratory function by 10 years of age and early-onset, rapidly progressive scoliosis. Muscle pathology is characterised by prominent interstitial fibrosis disproportionate to the relative paucity of necrotic and regenerating fibres. To date, treatment for patients is supportive for symptoms such as joint contractures, respiratory failure and scoliosis. There have been clinical trials based on the theory of mitochondrion-mediated myofiber apoptosis or impaired autophagy. Furthermore, the fact that collagen VI producing cells in skeletal muscle are interstitial mesenchymal cells can support proof of concept for stem cell-based therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Yonekawa
- Department of Neuromuscular Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan Department of Child Neurology, National Center Hospital, NCNP, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ichizo Nishino
- Department of Neuromuscular Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (NCNP), Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan Department of Clinical Development, Translational Medical Center, NCNP
| |
Collapse
|
307
|
Trensz F, Lucien F, Couture V, Söllrald T, Drouin G, Rouleau AJ, Grandbois M, Lacraz G, Grenier G. Increased microenvironment stiffness in damaged myofibers promotes myogenic progenitor cell proliferation. Skelet Muscle 2015; 5:5. [PMID: 25729564 PMCID: PMC4343274 DOI: 10.1186/s13395-015-0030-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The stiffness of the myogenic stem cell microenvironment markedly influences the ability to regenerate tissue. We studied the effect of damaged myofibers on myogenic progenitor cell (MPC) proliferation and determined whether the structural integrity of the microenvironment contributes to phenotypic changes. METHODS Individual myofibers were isolated and cultured for 6 days. During this period, the cytoskeleton of myofibers and transcription factors regulating MPC differentiation were characterized by immunostaining. Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) was performed to measure stiffness of cultured myofibers. Healthy and damaged myofibers, and their associated MPCs, were studied in skeletal muscle from dystrophic and tenotomy mouse models. MPCs were cultured on stiffness-tunable substrates, and their phenotypes were assessed by immunostaining of myogenic transcription factors. RESULTS We showed that individual myofibers tend to shrink or collapse when cultured ex vivo starting from day 1 and that this is associated with a marked increase in the number of proliferative MPCs (Pax7(+)MyoD(+)). The myofibers collapsed due to a loss of viability as shown by Evans blue dye uptake and the disorganization of their cytoskeletons. Interestingly, collapsed myofibers in mdx skeletal muscles were similar to damaged myofibers in that they lose their viability, have a disorganized cytoskeleton (actin and α-actinin), and display local MPC (MyoD(+)) proliferation at their periphery. In a tenotomy model that causes loss of muscle tension, the cytoskeletal disorganization of myofibers also correlated with the activation/proliferation of MPCs. A deeper analysis of collapsed myofibers revealed that they produce trophic factors that influence MPC proliferation. In addition, collapsed myofibers expressed several genes related to the basal lamina. Immunostaining revealed the presence of fibronectin in the basal lamina and the cytoplasm of damaged myofibers. Lastly, using atomic force microscopy (AFM), we showed that collapsed myofibers exhibit greater stiffness than intact myofibers. Growing MPCs on a 2-kPa polyacrylamide-based substrate, exempt of additional microenvironmental cues, recapitulated proliferation and reduced spontaneous differentiation compared to growth on a 0.5-kPa substrate. CONCLUSIONS Our results support the notion that collapsed or damaged myofibers increase the structural stiffness of the satellite cell microenvironment, which in addition to other cues such as trophic factors and changes in extracellular matrix composition, promotes the proliferation and maintenance of MPCs, required for myofiber repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Trensz
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Sherbrooke (CRCHUS), Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC Canada
| | - Fabrice Lucien
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Sherbrooke (CRCHUS), Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC Canada
| | - Vanessa Couture
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Sherbrooke (CRCHUS), Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC Canada
| | - Thomas Söllrald
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC Canada
| | - Geneviève Drouin
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Sherbrooke (CRCHUS), Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC Canada
| | - André-Jean Rouleau
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Sherbrooke (CRCHUS), Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC Canada
| | - Michel Grandbois
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Sherbrooke (CRCHUS), Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC Canada ; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC Canada
| | - Gregory Lacraz
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Sherbrooke (CRCHUS), Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC Canada ; New address: Hubrecht Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Guillaume Grenier
- Research Centre of the Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Sherbrooke (CRCHUS), Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC Canada ; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001-12th Avenue North, Sherbrooke, J1H 5N4, QC Canada
| |
Collapse
|
308
|
Ayoglu B, Chaouch A, Lochmüller H, Politano L, Bertini E, Spitali P, Hiller M, Niks EH, Gualandi F, Pontén F, Bushby K, Aartsma-Rus A, Schwartz E, Le Priol Y, Straub V, Uhlén M, Cirak S, 't Hoen PAC, Muntoni F, Ferlini A, Schwenk JM, Nilsson P, Al-Khalili Szigyarto C. Affinity proteomics within rare diseases: a BIO-NMD study for blood biomarkers of muscular dystrophies. EMBO Mol Med 2015; 6:918-36. [PMID: 24920607 PMCID: PMC4119355 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201303724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the recent progress in the broad-scaled analysis of proteins in body fluids, there is still a lack in protein profiling approaches for biomarkers of rare diseases. Scarcity of samples is the main obstacle hindering attempts to apply discovery driven protein profiling in rare diseases. We addressed this challenge by combining samples collected within the BIO-NMD consortium from four geographically dispersed clinical sites to identify protein markers associated with muscular dystrophy using an antibody bead array platform with 384 antibodies. Based on concordance in statistical significance and confirmatory results obtained from analysis of both serum and plasma, we identified eleven proteins associated with muscular dystrophy, among which four proteins were elevated in blood from muscular dystrophy patients: carbonic anhydrase III (CA3) and myosin light chain 3 (MYL3), both specifically expressed in slow-twitch muscle fibers and mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase 2 (MDH2) and electron transfer flavoprotein A (ETFA). Using age-matched sub-cohorts, 9 protein profiles correlating with disease progression and severity were identified, which hold promise for the development of new clinical tools for management of dystrophinopathies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Burcu Ayoglu
- Affinity Proteomics, SciLifeLab, School of Biotechnology KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Amina Chaouch
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Hanns Lochmüller
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Luisa Politano
- Cardiomiology and Medical Genetics, Department of Experimental Medicine, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Enrico Bertini
- Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Department of Neurosciences, Bambino Gesú Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Pietro Spitali
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Monika Hiller
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Eric H Niks
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Francesca Gualandi
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Fredrik Pontén
- SciLifeLab, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Kate Bushby
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Annemieke Aartsma-Rus
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Volker Straub
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Mathias Uhlén
- Affinity Proteomics, SciLifeLab, School of Biotechnology KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sebahattin Cirak
- Research Center for Genetic Medicine, Childrens National Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Peter A C 't Hoen
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Francesco Muntoni
- The Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Alessandra Ferlini
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Jochen M Schwenk
- Affinity Proteomics, SciLifeLab, School of Biotechnology KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Nilsson
- Affinity Proteomics, SciLifeLab, School of Biotechnology KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | |
Collapse
|
309
|
Abstract
Increasing evidence points to extracellular matrix (ECM) components playing integral roles in regulating the muscle satellite cell (SC) niche. Even small alterations to the niche ECM can have profound effects on SC localization, activation, self-renewal, proliferation and differentiation. This review will focus on the ECM components that comprise the niche, how they are modulated in health and disease and how these changes are thought to affect SC function. Particular emphasis will be placed on the pathological niche and interventions that aim to restore healthy structure and function, as a better understanding of the interplay between the SC and its environment will drive more targeted and effective therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey Thomas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Adam J. Engler
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Gretchen A. Meyer
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093,Program in Physical Therapy & Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63108
| |
Collapse
|
310
|
Cescon M, Gattazzo F, Chen P, Bonaldo P. Collagen VI at a glance. J Cell Sci 2015; 128:3525-31. [DOI: 10.1242/jcs.169748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Collagen VI represents a remarkable extracellular matrix molecule, and in the past few years, studies of this molecule have revealed its involvement in a wide range of tissues and pathological conditions. In addition to its complex multi-step pathway of biosynthesis and assembly that leads to the formation of a characteristic and distinctive network of beaded microfilaments in the extracellular matrix, collagen VI exerts several key roles in different tissues. These range from unique biomechanical roles to cytoprotective functions in different cells, including myofibers, chondrocytes, neurons, fibroblasts and cardiomyocytes. Indeed, collagen VI has been shown to exert a surprisingly broad range of cytoprotective effects, which include counteracting apoptosis and oxidative damage, favoring tumor growth and progression, regulating autophagy and cell differentiation, and even contributing to the maintenance of stemness. In this Cell Science at a Glance article and the accompanying poster, we present the current knowledge of collagen VI, and in particular, discuss its relevance in stemness and in preserving the mechanical properties of tissues, as well as its links with human disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matilde Cescon
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova 35131, Italy
| | - Francesca Gattazzo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova 35131, Italy
| | - Peiwen Chen
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova 35131, Italy
| | - Paolo Bonaldo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova 35131, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
311
|
Exercise and Regulation of Bone and Collagen Tissue Biology. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2015; 135:259-91. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2015.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
312
|
Collagen VI regulates peripheral nerve regeneration by modulating macrophage recruitment and polarization. Acta Neuropathol 2015; 129:97-113. [PMID: 25421425 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-014-1369-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2014] [Revised: 11/15/2014] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages contribute to peripheral nerve regeneration and produce collagen VI, an extracellular matrix protein involved in nerve function. Here, we show that collagen VI is critical for macrophage migration and polarization during peripheral nerve regeneration. Nerve injury induces a robust upregulation of collagen VI, whereas lack of collagen VI in Col6a1(-/-) mice delays peripheral nerve regeneration. In vitro studies demonstrated that collagen VI promotes macrophage migration and polarization via AKT and PKA pathways. Col6a1(-/-) macrophages exhibit impaired migration abilities and reduced antiinflammatory (M2) phenotype polarization, but are prone to skewing toward the proinflammatory (M1) phenotype. In vivo, macrophage recruitment and M2 polarization are impaired in Col6a1(-/-) mice after nerve injury. The delayed nerve regeneration of Col6a1(-/-) mice is induced by macrophage deficits and rejuvenated by transplantation of wild-type bone marrow cells. These results identify collagen VI as a novel regulator for peripheral nerve regeneration by modulating macrophage function.
Collapse
|
313
|
Judge SM, Wu CL, Beharry AW, Roberts BM, Ferreira LF, Kandarian SC, Judge AR. Genome-wide identification of FoxO-dependent gene networks in skeletal muscle during C26 cancer cachexia. BMC Cancer 2014; 14:997. [PMID: 25539728 PMCID: PMC4391468 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-14-997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence from cachectic cancer patients and animal models of cancer cachexia supports the involvement of Forkhead box O (FoxO) transcription factors in driving cancer-induced skeletal muscle wasting. However, the genome-wide gene networks and associated biological processes regulated by FoxO during cancer cachexia are unknown. We hypothesize that FoxO is a central upstream regulator of diverse gene networks in skeletal muscle during cancer that may act coordinately to promote the wasting phenotype. METHODS To inhibit endogenous FoxO DNA-binding, we transduced limb and diaphragm muscles of mice with AAV9 containing the cDNA for a dominant negative (d.n.) FoxO protein (or GFP control). The d.n.FoxO construct consists of only the FoxO3a DNA-binding domain that is highly homologous to that of FoxO1 and FoxO4, and which outcompetes and blocks endogenous FoxO DNA binding. Mice were subsequently inoculated with Colon-26 (C26) cells and muscles harvested 26 days later. RESULTS Blocking FoxO prevented C26-induced muscle fiber atrophy of both locomotor muscles and the diaphragm and significantly spared force deficits. This sparing of muscle size and function was associated with the differential regulation of 543 transcripts (out of 2,093) which changed in response to C26. Bioinformatics analysis of upregulated gene transcripts that required FoxO revealed enrichment of the proteasome, AP-1 and IL-6 pathways, and included several atrophy-related transcription factors, including Stat3, Fos, and Cebpb. FoxO was also necessary for the cancer-induced downregulation of several gene transcripts that were enriched for extracellular matrix and sarcomere protein-encoding genes. We validated these findings in limb muscles and the diaphragm through qRT-PCR, and further demonstrate that FoxO1 and/or FoxO3a are sufficient to increase Stat3, Fos, Cebpb, and the C/EBPβ target gene, Ubr2. Analysis of the Cebpb proximal promoter revealed two bona fide FoxO binding elements, which we further establish are necessary for Cebpb promoter activation in response to IL-6, a predominant cytokine in the C26 cancer model. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide new evidence that FoxO-dependent transcription is a central node controlling diverse gene networks in skeletal muscle during cancer cachexia, and identifies novel candidate genes and networks for further investigation as causative factors in cancer-induced wasting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M Judge
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida, 1225 Center Drive, HPNP Building 1142, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
| | - Chia-Ling Wu
- Department of Health Sciences, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
| | - Adam W Beharry
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida, 1225 Center Drive, HPNP Building 1142, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
| | - Brandon M Roberts
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida, 1225 Center Drive, HPNP Building 1142, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
| | - Leonardo F Ferreira
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
| | - Susan C Kandarian
- Department of Health Sciences, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
| | - Andrew R Judge
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida, 1225 Center Drive, HPNP Building 1142, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
314
|
Smeriglio P, Dhulipala L, Lai JH, Goodman SB, Dragoo JL, Smith RL, Maloney WJ, Yang F, Bhutani N. Collagen VI enhances cartilage tissue generation by stimulating chondrocyte proliferation. Tissue Eng Part A 2014; 21:840-9. [PMID: 25257043 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2014.0375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Regeneration of human cartilage is inherently inefficient. Current cell-based approaches for cartilage repair, including autologous chondrocytes, are limited by the paucity of cells, associated donor site morbidity, and generation of functionally inferior fibrocartilage rather than articular cartilage. Upon investigating the role of collagen VI (Col VI), a major component of the chondrocyte pericellular matrix (PCM), we observe that soluble Col VI stimulates chondrocyte proliferation. Interestingly, both adult and osteoarthritis chondrocytes respond to soluble Col VI in a similar manner. The proliferative effect is, however, strictly due to the soluble Col VI as no proliferation is observed upon exposure of chondrocytes to immobilized Col VI. Upon short Col VI treatment in 2D monolayer culture, chondrocytes maintain high expression of characteristic chondrocyte markers like Col2a1, agc, and Sox9 whereas the expression of the fibrocartilage marker Collagen I (Col I) and of the hypertrophy marker Collagen X (Col X) is minimal. Additionally, Col VI-expanded chondrocytes show a similar potential to untreated chondrocytes in engineering cartilage in 3D biomimetic hydrogel constructs. Our study has, therefore, identified soluble Col VI as a biologic that can be useful for the expansion and utilization of scarce sources of chondrocytes, potentially for autologous chondrocyte implantation. Additionally, our results underscore the importance of further investigating the changes in chondrocyte PCM with age and disease and the subsequent effects on chondrocyte growth and function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Piera Smeriglio
- 1 Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Stanford University , Stanford, California
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
315
|
Abstract
Muscle stem cells facilitate the long-term regenerative capacity of skeletal muscle. This self-renewing population of satellite cells has only recently been defined through genetic and transplantation experiments. Although muscle stem cells remain in a dormant quiescent state in uninjured muscle, they are poised to activate and produce committed progeny. Unlike committed myogenic progenitor cells, the self-renewal capacity gives muscle stem cells the ability to engraft as satellite cells and capitulate long-term regeneration. Similar to other adult stem cells, understanding the molecular regulation of muscle stem cells has significant implications towards the development of pharmacological or cell-based therapies for muscle disorders. This Cell Science at a Glance article and accompanying poster will review satellite cell characteristics and therapeutic potential, and provide an overview of the muscle stem cell hallmarks: quiescence, self-renewal and commitment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Xin Wang
- Sprott Centre for Stem Cell Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Nicolas A Dumont
- Sprott Centre for Stem Cell Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| | - Michael A Rudnicki
- Sprott Centre for Stem Cell Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
316
|
Gattazzo F, Molon S, Morbidoni V, Braghetta P, Blaauw B, Urciuolo A, Bonaldo P. Cyclosporin A Promotes in vivo Myogenic Response in Collagen VI-Deficient Myopathic Mice. Front Aging Neurosci 2014; 6:244. [PMID: 25309428 PMCID: PMC4163991 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2014.00244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2014] [Accepted: 08/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations of genes encoding for collagen VI cause various muscle diseases in humans, including Bethlem myopathy and Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy. Collagen VI null (Col6a1 (-/-)) mice are affected by a myopathic phenotype with mitochondrial dysfunction, spontaneous apoptosis of muscle fibers, and defective autophagy. Moreover, Col6a1 (-/-) mice display impaired muscle regeneration and defective self-renewal of satellite cells after injury. Treatment with cyclosporin A (CsA) is effective in normalizing the mitochondrial, apoptotic, and autophagic defects of myofibers in Col6a1 (-/-) mice. A pilot clinical trial with CsA in Ullrich patients suggested that CsA may increase the number of regenerating myofibers. Here, we report the effects of CsA administration at 5 mg/kg body weight every 12 h in Col6a1 (-/-) mice on muscle regeneration under physiological conditions and after cardiotoxin (CdTx)-induced muscle injury. Our findings indicate that CsA influences satellite cell activity and triggers the formation of regenerating fibers in Col6a1 (-/-) mice. Data obtained on injured muscles show that under appropriate administration, regimens CsA is able to stimulate myogenesis in Col6a1 (-/-) mice by significantly increasing the number of myogenin (MyoG)-positive cells and of regenerating myofibers at the early stages of muscle regeneration. CsA is also able to ameliorate muscle regeneration of Col6a1 (-/-) mice subjected to multiple CdTx injuries, with a concurrent maintenance of the satellite cell pool. Our data show that CsA is beneficial for muscle regeneration in Col6a1 (-/-) mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Gattazzo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova , Padova , Italy ; Interdepartmental Research Center E. Piaggio, University of Pisa , Pisa , Italy
| | - Sibilla Molon
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova , Padova , Italy
| | - Valeria Morbidoni
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova , Padova , Italy
| | - Paola Braghetta
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova , Padova , Italy
| | - Bert Blaauw
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova , Padova , Italy
| | - Anna Urciuolo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova , Padova , Italy
| | - Paolo Bonaldo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova , Padova , Italy
| |
Collapse
|
317
|
Abstract
As stem cells (SCs) in adult organs continue to be identified and characterized, it becomes clear that their survival, quiescence, and activation depend on specific signals in their microenvironment, or niche. Although adult SCs of diverse tissues differ by their developmental origin, cycling activity, and regenerative capacity, there appear to be conserved similarities regarding the cellular and molecular components of the SC niche. Interestingly, many organs house both slow-cycling and fast-cycling SC populations, which rely on the coexistence of quiescent and inductive niches for proper regulation. In this review we present a general definition of adult SC niches in the most studied mammalian systems. We further focus on dissecting their cellular organization and on highlighting recently identified key molecular regulators. Finally, we detail the potential involvement of the SC niche in tissue degeneration, with a particular emphasis on aging and cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amélie Rezza
- Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA; Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Rachel Sennett
- Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA; Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Michael Rendl
- Black Family Stem Cell Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA; Department of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA; Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
318
|
Chen P, Cescon M, Bonaldo P. The Role of Collagens in Peripheral Nerve Myelination and Function. Mol Neurobiol 2014; 52:216-25. [PMID: 25143238 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-014-8862-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2014] [Accepted: 08/11/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In the peripheral nervous system, myelin is formed by Schwann cells, which are surrounded by a basal lamina. Extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules in the basal lamina play an important role in regulating Schwann cell functions, including adhesion, survival, spreading, and myelination, as well as in supporting neurite outgrowth. Collagens are a major component of ECM molecules, which include 28 types that differ in structure and function. A growing body of evidence suggests that collagens are key components of peripheral nerves, where they not only provide a structural support but also affect cell behavior by triggering intracellular signals. In this review, we will summarize the main properties of collagen family, discuss the role of extensively studied collagen types (collagens IV, V, VI, and XV) in Schwann cell function and myelination, and provide a detailed overview of the recent advances with respect to these collagens in peripheral nerve function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peiwen Chen
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35131, Padova, Italy,
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
319
|
Farup J, Rahbek SK, Riis S, Vendelbo MH, Paoli FD, Vissing K. Influence of exercise contraction mode and protein supplementation on human skeletal muscle satellite cell content and muscle fiber growth. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2014; 117:898-909. [PMID: 25103976 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00261.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle satellite cells (SCs) are involved in remodeling and hypertrophy processes of skeletal muscle. However, little knowledge exists on extrinsic factors that influence the content of SCs in skeletal muscle. In a comparative human study, we investigated the muscle fiber type-specific association between emergence of satellite cells (SCs), muscle growth, and remodeling in response to 12 wk unilateral resistance training performed as eccentric (Ecc) or concentric (Conc) resistance training ± whey protein (Whey, 19.5 g protein + 19.5 g glucose) or placebo (Placebo, 39 g glucose) supplementation. Muscle biopsies (vastus lateralis) were analyzed for fiber type-specific SCs, myonuclei, and fiber cross-sectional area (CSA). Following training, SCs increased with Conc in both type I and type II fibers (P < 0.01) and exhibited a group difference from Ecc (P < 0.05), which did not increase. Myonuclei content in type I fibers increased in all groups (P < 0.01), while a specific accretion of myonuclei in type II fibers was observed in the Whey-Conc (P < 0.01) and Placebo-Ecc (P < 0.01) groups. Similarly, whereas type I fiber CSA increased independently of intervention (P < 0.001), type II fiber CSA increased exclusively with Whey-Conc (P < 0.01) and type II fiber hypertrophy correlated with whole muscle hypertrophy exclusively following Conc training (P < 0.01). In conclusion, isolated concentric knee extensor resistance training appears to constitute a stronger driver of SC content than eccentric resistance training while type II fiber hypertrophy was accentuated when combining concentric resistance training with whey protein supplementation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jean Farup
- Section of Sport Science, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Stine Klejs Rahbek
- Section of Sport Science, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Simon Riis
- Section of Sport Science, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Mikkel Holm Vendelbo
- Department of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark; and
| | - Frank de Paoli
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, and Department of Rheumatology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Kristian Vissing
- Section of Sport Science, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark;
| |
Collapse
|
320
|
Farup J, Rahbek SK, Knudsen IS, de Paoli F, Mackey AL, Vissing K. Whey protein supplementation accelerates satellite cell proliferation during recovery from eccentric exercise. Amino Acids 2014; 46:2503-16. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-014-1810-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2014] [Accepted: 07/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
|
321
|
Kern H, Barberi L, Löfler S, Sbardella S, Burggraf S, Fruhmann H, Carraro U, Mosole S, Sarabon N, Vogelauer M, Mayr W, Krenn M, Cvecka J, Romanello V, Pietrangelo L, Protasi F, Sandri M, Zampieri S, Musaro A. Electrical stimulation counteracts muscle decline in seniors. Front Aging Neurosci 2014; 6:189. [PMID: 25104935 PMCID: PMC4109438 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2014.00189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Accepted: 07/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The loss in muscle mass coupled with a decrease in specific force and shift in fiber composition are hallmarks of aging. Training and regular exercise attenuate the signs of sarcopenia. However, pathologic conditions limit the ability to perform physical exercise. We addressed whether electrical stimulation (ES) is an alternative intervention to improve muscle recovery and defined the molecular mechanism associated with improvement in muscle structure and function. We analyzed, at functional, structural, and molecular level, the effects of ES training on healthy seniors with normal life style, without routine sport activity. ES was able to improve muscle torque and functional performances of seniors and increased the size of fast muscle fibers. At molecular level, ES induced up-regulation of IGF-1 and modulation of MuRF-1, a muscle-specific atrophy-related gene. ES also induced up-regulation of relevant markers of differentiating satellite cells and of extracellular matrix remodeling, which might guarantee shape and mechanical forces of trained skeletal muscle as well as maintenance of satellite cell function, reducing fibrosis. Our data provide evidence that ES is a safe method to counteract muscle decline associated with aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helmut Kern
- Institute of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Wilhelminenspital, Vienna, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Electrical Stimulation and Physical Rehabilitation, Vienna, Austria
| | - Laura Barberi
- DAHFMO-Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Institute Pasteur Cenci-Bolognetti, IIM, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefan Löfler
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Electrical Stimulation and Physical Rehabilitation, Vienna, Austria
| | - Simona Sbardella
- DAHFMO-Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Institute Pasteur Cenci-Bolognetti, IIM, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Samantha Burggraf
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Electrical Stimulation and Physical Rehabilitation, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hannah Fruhmann
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Electrical Stimulation and Physical Rehabilitation, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ugo Carraro
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Electrical Stimulation and Physical Rehabilitation, Vienna, Austria
- Laboratory of Translation Myology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Simone Mosole
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Electrical Stimulation and Physical Rehabilitation, Vienna, Austria
- Laboratory of Translation Myology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Nejc Sarabon
- Science and Research Centre, Institute for Kinesiology Research, University of Primorska, Koper, Slovenia
| | - Michael Vogelauer
- Institute of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Wilhelminenspital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Winfried Mayr
- Center of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Matthias Krenn
- Center of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jan Cvecka
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Vanina Romanello
- Dulbecco Telethon Institute at Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy
| | - Laura Pietrangelo
- CeSI-Center for Research on Aging & DNICS – Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University G. d’Annunzio of Chieti, Chieti, Italy
| | - Feliciano Protasi
- CeSI-Center for Research on Aging & DNICS – Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University G. d’Annunzio of Chieti, Chieti, Italy
| | - Marco Sandri
- Dulbecco Telethon Institute at Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy
| | - Sandra Zampieri
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute of Electrical Stimulation and Physical Rehabilitation, Vienna, Austria
- Center for Life Nano Science@Sapienza, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Musaro
- DAHFMO-Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Institute Pasteur Cenci-Bolognetti, IIM, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Center for Life Nano Science@Sapienza, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
322
|
Instructive roles of extracellular matrix on autophagy. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2014; 184:2146-53. [PMID: 24976620 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2014.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2014] [Revised: 05/09/2014] [Accepted: 05/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy plays an essential role in maintaining an intricate balance between nutrient demands and energetic requirements during normal homeostasis. Autophagy recycles metabolic substrates from nonspecific bulk degradation of proteins and excess or damaged organelles. Recent work posits an active and dynamic signaling role for extracellular matrix-evoked autophagic regulation, that is, allosteric and independent of prevailing nutrient conditions. Several candidates, representing a diverse repertoire of matrix constituents (decorin, collagen VI, laminin α2, endostatin, endorepellin, and kringle V), can modulate autophagic signaling pathways. Importantly, a novel principle indicates that matrix constituents can differentially modulate autophagic induction and repression via interaction with specific receptors. Most of the matrix-derived factors described here appear to control autophagy in a canonical manner but independent of nutrient deprivation. Because the molecular composition and structure of the extracellular matrix are dynamically remodeled during various physiological and pathological conditions, we propose that matrix-regulated autophagy is key for maintaining proper tissue homeostasis and disease prevention, such as cancer progression and muscular dystrophies.
Collapse
|
323
|
Dingal PCDP, Discher DE. Combining insoluble and soluble factors to steer stem cell fate. NATURE MATERIALS 2014; 13:532-7. [PMID: 24845982 DOI: 10.1038/nmat3997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- P C Dave P Dingal
- Biophysical Engineering Laboratory in Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Dennis E Discher
- 1] Biophysical Engineering Laboratory in Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA [2] Physics, and Cell and Molecular Biology Graduate Groups, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| |
Collapse
|
324
|
Sardone F, Traina F, Tagliavini F, Pellegrini C, Merlini L, Squarzoni S, Santi S, Neri S, Faldini C, Maraldi N, Sabatelli P. Effect of mechanical strain on the collagen VI pericellular matrix in anterior cruciate ligament fibroblasts. J Cell Physiol 2014; 229:878-86. [PMID: 24356950 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2013] [Accepted: 11/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cell-extracellular matrix interaction plays a major role in maintaining the structural integrity of connective tissues and sensing changes in the biomechanical environment of cells. Collagen VI is a widely expressed non-fibrillar collagen, which regulates tissues homeostasis. The objective of the present investigation was to extend our understanding of the role of collagen VI in human ACL. This study shows that collagen VI is associated both in vivo and in vitro to the cell membrane of knee ACL fibroblasts, contributing to the constitution of a microfibrillar pericellular matrix. In cultured cells the localization of collagen VI at the cell surface correlated with the expression of NG2 proteoglycan, a major collagen VI receptor. The treatment of ACL fibroblasts with anti-NG2 antibody abolished the localization of collagen VI indicating that collagen VI pericellular matrix organization in ACL fibroblasts is mainly mediated by NG2 proteoglycan. In vitro mechanical strain injury dramatically reduced the NG2 proteoglycan protein level, impaired the association of collagen VI to the cell surface, and promoted cell cycle withdrawal. Our data suggest that the injury-induced alteration of specific cell-ECM interactions may lead to a defective fibroblast self-renewal and contribute to the poor regenerative ability of ACL fibroblasts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Sardone
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Bologna, Italy; IOR-IRCCS, SC Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Cell Biology, Bologna, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
325
|
Cei D, Malena A, de Maria C, Loro E, Sandri F, del Moro G, Bettio S, Vergani L, Vozzi G. In vitrodevelopment of engineered muscle using a scaffold based on the pressure-activated microsyringe (PAM) technique. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2014; 11:138-152. [DOI: 10.1002/term.1894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2013] [Revised: 02/20/2014] [Accepted: 03/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Cei
- Research Centre ‘E. Piaggio’; University of Pisa; Italy
| | - Adriana Malena
- Department of Neuroscience SNPSRR; University of Padova; Italy
| | - Carmelo de Maria
- Research Centre ‘E. Piaggio’; University of Pisa; Italy
- Department of Ingegneria dell'Informazione; Pisa Italy
| | - Emanuele Loro
- Department of Neuroscience SNPSRR; University of Padova; Italy
| | - Federica Sandri
- Department of Neuroscience SNPSRR; University of Padova; Italy
| | - Giulia del Moro
- Department of Neuroscience SNPSRR; University of Padova; Italy
| | - Sara Bettio
- Department of Neuroscience SNPSRR; University of Padova; Italy
| | | | - Giovanni Vozzi
- Research Centre ‘E. Piaggio’; University of Pisa; Italy
- Department of Ingegneria dell'Informazione; Pisa Italy
| |
Collapse
|
326
|
Uezumi A, Ikemoto-Uezumi M, Tsuchida K. Roles of nonmyogenic mesenchymal progenitors in pathogenesis and regeneration of skeletal muscle. Front Physiol 2014; 5:68. [PMID: 24605102 PMCID: PMC3932482 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2014.00068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2013] [Accepted: 02/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult skeletal muscle possesses a remarkable regenerative ability that is dependent on satellite cells. However, skeletal muscle is replaced by fatty and fibrous connective tissue in several pathological conditions. Fatty and fibrous connective tissue becomes a major cause of muscle weakness and leads to further impairment of muscle function. Because the occurrence of fatty and fibrous connective tissue is usually associated with severe destruction of muscle, the idea that dysregulation of the fate switch in satellite cells may underlie this pathological change has emerged. However, recent studies identified nonmyogenic mesenchymal progenitors in skeletal muscle and revealed that fatty and fibrous connective tissue originates from these progenitors. Later, these progenitors were also demonstrated to be the major contributor to heterotopic ossification in skeletal muscle. Because nonmyogenic mesenchymal progenitors represent a distinct cell population from satellite cells, targeting these progenitors could be an ideal therapeutic strategy that specifically prevents pathological changes of skeletal muscle, while preserving satellite cell-dependent regeneration. In addition to their roles in pathogenesis of skeletal muscle, nonmyogenic mesenchymal progenitors may play a vital role in muscle regeneration by regulating satellite cell behavior. Conversely, muscle cells appear to regulate behavior of nonmyogenic mesenchymal progenitors. Thus, these cells regulate each other reciprocally and a proper balance between them is a key determinant of muscle integrity. Furthermore, nonmyogenic mesenchymal progenitors have been shown to maintain muscle mass in a steady homeostatic condition. Understanding the nature of nonmyogenic mesenchymal progenitors will provide valuable insight into the pathophysiology of skeletal muscle. In this review, we focus on nonmyogenic mesenchymal progenitors and discuss their roles in muscle pathogenesis, regeneration, and homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akiyoshi Uezumi
- Division for Therapies against Intractable Diseases, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University Aichi, Japan
| | - Madoka Ikemoto-Uezumi
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, National Institute for Longevity Sciences Aichi, Japan
| | - Kunihiro Tsuchida
- Division for Therapies against Intractable Diseases, Institute for Comprehensive Medical Science, Fujita Health University Aichi, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
327
|
Pan TC, Zhang RZ, Arita M, Bogdanovich S, Adams SM, Gara SK, Wagener R, Khurana TS, Birk DE, Chu ML. A mouse model for dominant collagen VI disorders: heterozygous deletion of Col6a3 Exon 16. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:10293-10307. [PMID: 24563484 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.549311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Dominant and recessive mutations in collagen VI genes, COL6A1, COL6A2, and COL6A3, cause a continuous spectrum of disorders characterized by muscle weakness and connective tissue abnormalities ranging from the severe Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy to the mild Bethlem myopathy. Herein, we report the development of a mouse model for dominant collagen VI disorders by deleting exon 16 in the Col6a3 gene. The resulting heterozygous mouse, Col6a3(+/d16), produced comparable amounts of normal Col6a3 mRNA and a mutant transcript with an in-frame deletion of 54 bp of triple-helical coding sequences, thus mimicking the most common molecular defect found in dominant Ullrich congenital muscular dystrophy patients. Biosynthetic studies of mutant fibroblasts indicated that the mutant α3(VI) collagen protein was produced and exerted a dominant-negative effect on collagen VI microfibrillar assembly. The distribution of the α3(VI)-like chains of collagen VI was not altered in mutant mice during development. The Col6a3(+/d16) mice developed histopathologic signs of myopathy and showed ultrastructural alterations of mitochondria and sarcoplasmic reticulum in muscle and abnormal collagen fibrils in tendons. The Col6a3(+/d16) mice displayed compromised muscle contractile functions and thereby provide an essential preclinical platform for developing treatment strategies for dominant collagen VI disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Te-Cheng Pan
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107
| | - Rui-Zhu Zhang
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107
| | - Machiko Arita
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107
| | - Sasha Bogdanovich
- Department of Physiology and Pennsylvania Muscle Institute, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
| | - Sheila M Adams
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida 33612
| | - Sudheer Kumar Gara
- Center for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne D-50931, Germany
| | - Raimund Wagener
- Center for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne D-50931, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine, Medical Faculty Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne D-50931, Germany
| | - Tejvior S Khurana
- Department of Physiology and Pennsylvania Muscle Institute, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
| | - David E Birk
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida 33612
| | - Mon-Li Chu
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107.
| |
Collapse
|
328
|
Alexeev V, Arita M, Donahue A, Bonaldo P, Chu ML, Igoucheva O. Human adipose-derived stem cell transplantation as a potential therapy for collagen VI-related congenital muscular dystrophy. Stem Cell Res Ther 2014; 5:21. [PMID: 24522088 PMCID: PMC4054951 DOI: 10.1186/scrt411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2013] [Accepted: 12/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Congenital muscular dystrophies (CMD) are a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of neuromuscular disorders characterized by muscle weakness within the first two years of life. Collagen VI-related muscle disorders have recently emerged as one of the most common types of CMD. COL6 CMD is caused by deficiency and/or dysfunction of extracellular matrix (ECM) protein collagen VI. Currently, there is no specific treatment for this disabling and life-threatening disease. The primary cellular targets for collagen VI CMD therapy are fibroblasts in muscle, tendon and skin, as opposed to muscle cells for other types of muscular dystrophies. However, recent advances in stem cell research have raised the possibility that use of adult stem cells may provide dramatic new therapies for treatment of COL6 CMD. Methods Here, we developed a procedure for isolation of human stem cells from the adipose layer of neonatal skin. The adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC) were examined for expression of ECM and related genes using gene expression array analysis. The therapeutic potential of ADSC was assessed after a single intramuscular transplantation in collagen VI-deficient mice. Results Analysis of primary cultures confirmed that established ADSC represent a morphologically homogenous population with phenotypic and functional features of adult mesenchymal stem cells. A comprehensive gene expression analysis showed that ADSC express a vast array of ECM genes. Importantly, it was observed that ADSC synthesize and secrete all three collagen VI chains, suggesting suitability of ADSC for COL6 CMD treatment. Furthermore, we have found that a single intramuscular transplantation of ADSC into Col6a1−/−Rag1−/− mice under physiological and cardiotoxin-induced injury/regeneration conditions results in efficient engraftment and migration of stem cells within the skeletal muscle. Importantly, we showed that ADSC can survive long-term and continuously secrete the therapeutic collagen VI protein missing in the mutant mice. Conclusions Overall, our findings suggest that stem cell therapy can potentially provide a new avenue for the treatment of COL6 CMD and other muscular disorders and injuries.
Collapse
|
329
|
The role of satellite cells in muscle hypertrophy. J Muscle Res Cell Motil 2014; 35:3-10. [DOI: 10.1007/s10974-014-9376-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Accepted: 01/25/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
330
|
Motohashi N, Asakura A. Muscle satellite cell heterogeneity and self-renewal. Front Cell Dev Biol 2014; 2:1. [PMID: 25364710 PMCID: PMC4206996 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2014.00001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2013] [Accepted: 01/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Adult skeletal muscle possesses extraordinary regeneration capacities. After muscle injury or exercise, large numbers of newly formed muscle fibers are generated within a week as a result of expansion and differentiation of a self-renewing pool of muscle stem cells termed muscle satellite cells. Normally, satellite cells are mitotically quiescent and reside beneath the basal lamina of muscle fibers. Upon regeneration, satellite cells are activated, and give rise to daughter myogenic precursor cells. After several rounds of proliferation, these myogenic precursor cells contribute to the formation of new muscle fibers. During cell division, a minor population of myogenic precursor cells returns to quiescent satellite cells as a self-renewal process. Currently, accumulating evidence has revealed the essential roles of satellite cells in muscle regeneration and the regulatory mechanisms, while it still remains to be elucidated how satellite cell self-renewal is molecularly regulated and how satellite cells are important in aging and diseased muscle. The number of satellite cells is decreased due to the changing niche during ageing, resulting in attenuation of muscle regeneration capacity. Additionally, in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) patients, the loss of satellite cell regenerative capacity and decreased satellite cell number due to continuous needs for satellite cells lead to progressive muscle weakness with chronic degeneration. Thus, it is necessary to replenish muscle satellite cells continuously. This review outlines recent findings regarding satellite cell heterogeneity, asymmetric division and molecular mechanisms in satellite cell self-renewal which is crucial for maintenance of satellite cells as a muscle stem cell pool throughout life. In addition, we discuss roles in the stem cell niche for satellite cell maintenance, as well as related cell therapies for approaching treatment of DMD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Norio Motohashi
- Department of Neurology, Paul and Sheila Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Center, Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota Medical School Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Atsushi Asakura
- Department of Neurology, Paul and Sheila Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Center, Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota Medical School Minneapolis, MN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
331
|
Gattazzo F, Urciuolo A, Bonaldo P. Extracellular matrix: a dynamic microenvironment for stem cell niche. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2014; 1840:2506-19. [PMID: 24418517 PMCID: PMC4081568 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2014.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 849] [Impact Index Per Article: 84.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2013] [Revised: 01/05/2014] [Accepted: 01/06/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Background Extracellular matrix (ECM) is a dynamic and complex environment characterized by biophysical, mechanical and biochemical properties specific for each tissue and able to regulate cell behavior. Stem cells have a key role in the maintenance and regeneration of tissues and they are located in a specific microenvironment, defined as niche. Scope of review We overview the progresses that have been made in elucidating stem cell niches and discuss the mechanisms by which ECM affects stem cell behavior. We also summarize the current tools and experimental models for studying ECM–stem cell interactions. Major conclusions ECM represents an essential player in stem cell niche, since it can directly or indirectly modulate the maintenance, proliferation, self-renewal and differentiation of stem cells. Several ECM molecules play regulatory functions for different types of stem cells, and based on its molecular composition the ECM can be deposited and finely tuned for providing the most appropriate niche for stem cells in the various tissues. Engineered biomaterials able to mimic the in vivo characteristics of stem cell niche provide suitable in vitro tools for dissecting the different roles exerted by the ECM and its molecular components on stem cell behavior. General significance ECM is a key component of stem cell niches and is involved in various aspects of stem cell behavior, thus having a major impact on tissue homeostasis and regeneration under physiological and pathological conditions. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Matrix-mediated cell behaviour and properties. Stem cells have a key role in the maintenance and regeneration of tissues. The extracellular matrix is a critical regulator of stem cell function. Stem cells reside in a dynamic and specialized microenvironment denoted as niche. The extracellular matrix represents an essential component of stem cell niches. Bioengineered niches can be used for investigating stem cell–matrix interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Gattazzo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Anna Urciuolo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - Paolo Bonaldo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
332
|
Fry CS, Lee JD, Jackson JR, Kirby TJ, Stasko SA, Liu H, Dupont-Versteegden EE, McCarthy JJ, Peterson CA. Regulation of the muscle fiber microenvironment by activated satellite cells during hypertrophy. FASEB J 2013; 28:1654-65. [PMID: 24376025 DOI: 10.1096/fj.13-239426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 197] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Our aim in the current study was to determine the necessity of satellite cells for long-term muscle growth and maintenance. We utilized a transgenic Pax7-DTA mouse model, allowing for the conditional depletion of > 90% of satellite cells with tamoxifen treatment. Synergist ablation surgery, where removal of synergist muscles places functional overload on the plantaris, was used to stimulate robust hypertrophy. Following 8 wk of overload, satellite cell-depleted muscle demonstrated an accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) and fibroblast expansion that resulted in reduced specific force of the plantaris. Although the early growth response was normal, an attenuation of hypertrophy measured by both muscle wet weight and fiber cross-sectional area occurred in satellite cell-depleted muscle. Isolated primary myogenic progenitor cells (MPCs) negatively regulated fibroblast ECM mRNA expression in vitro, suggesting a novel role for activated satellite cells/MPCs in muscle adaptation. These results provide evidence that satellite cells regulate the muscle environment during growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher S Fry
- 1900 S. Limestone, CTW 105, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
333
|
Ogura Y, Mishra V, Hindi SM, Kuang S, Kumar A. Proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) suppresses satellite cell self-renewal through inversely modulating Notch and NF-κB signaling pathways. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:35159-69. [PMID: 24151074 PMCID: PMC3853267 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.517300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2013] [Revised: 10/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Satellite cell self-renewal is an essential process to maintaining the robustness of skeletal muscle regenerative capacity. However, extrinsic factors that regulate self-renewal of satellite cells are not well understood. Here, we demonstrate that TWEAK cytokine reduces the proportion of Pax7(+)/MyoD(-) cells (an index of self-renewal) on myofiber explants and represses multiple components of Notch signaling in satellite cell cultures. The number of Pax7(+) cells is significantly increased in skeletal muscle of TWEAK knock-out (KO) mice compared with wild-type in response to injury. Furthermore, Notch signaling is significantly elevated in cultured satellite cells and in regenerating myofibers of TWEAK-KO mice. Forced activation of Notch signaling through overexpression of the Notch1 intracellular domain (N1ICD) rescued the TWEAK-mediated inhibition of satellite cell self-renewal. TWEAK also activates the NF-κB transcription factor in satellite cells and inhibition of NF-κB significantly improved the number of Pax7(+) cells in TWEAK-treated cultures. Furthermore, our results demonstrate that a reciprocal interaction between NF-κB and Notch signaling governs the inhibitory effect of TWEAK on satellite cell self-renewal. Collectively, our study demonstrates that TWEAK suppresses satellite cell self-renewal through activating NF-κB and repressing Notch signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Ogura
- From the Department of Anatomical Sciences and Neurobiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky 40202 and
| | - Vivek Mishra
- From the Department of Anatomical Sciences and Neurobiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky 40202 and
| | - Sajedah M. Hindi
- From the Department of Anatomical Sciences and Neurobiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky 40202 and
| | - Shihuan Kuang
- the Department of Animal Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - Ashok Kumar
- From the Department of Anatomical Sciences and Neurobiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky 40202 and
| |
Collapse
|
334
|
Cellular dynamics in the muscle satellite cell niche. EMBO Rep 2013; 14:1062-72. [PMID: 24232182 DOI: 10.1038/embor.2013.182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 245] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2013] [Accepted: 10/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Satellite cells, the quintessential skeletal muscle stem cells, reside in a specialized local environment whose anatomy changes dynamically during tissue regeneration. The plasticity of this niche is attributable to regulation by the stem cells themselves and to a multitude of functionally diverse cell types. In particular, immune cells, fibrogenic cells, vessel-associated cells and committed and differentiated cells of the myogenic lineage have emerged as important constituents of the satellite cell niche. Here, we discuss the cellular dynamics during muscle regeneration and how disease can lead to perturbation of these mechanisms. To define the role of cellular components in the muscle stem cell niche is imperative for the development of cell-based therapies, as well as to better understand the pathobiology of degenerative conditions of the skeletal musculature.
Collapse
|
335
|
Fukada SI, Ma Y, Ohtani T, Watanabe Y, Murakami S, Yamaguchi M. Isolation, characterization, and molecular regulation of muscle stem cells. Front Physiol 2013; 4:317. [PMID: 24273513 PMCID: PMC3824104 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2013.00317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2013] [Accepted: 10/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle has great regenerative capacity which is dependent on muscle stem cells, also known as satellite cells. A loss of satellite cells and/or their function impairs skeletal muscle regeneration and leads to a loss of skeletal muscle power; therefore, the molecular mechanisms for maintaining satellite cells in a quiescent and undifferentiated state are of great interest in skeletal muscle biology. Many studies have demonstrated proteins expressed by satellite cells, including Pax7, M-cadherin, Cxcr4, syndecan3/4, and c-met. To further characterize satellite cells, we established a method to directly isolate satellite cells using a monoclonal antibody, SM/C-2.6. Using SM/C-2.6 and microarrays, we measured the genes expressed in quiescent satellite cells and demonstrated that Hesr3 may complement Hesr1 in generating quiescent satellite cells. Although Hesr1- or Hesr3-single knockout mice show a normal skeletal muscle phenotype, including satellite cells, Hesr1/Hesr3-double knockout mice show a gradual decrease in the number of satellite cells and increase in regenerative defects dependent on satellite cell numbers. We also observed that a mouse's genetic background affects the regenerative capacity of its skeletal muscle and have established a line of DBA/2-background mdx mice that has a much more severe phenotype than the frequently used C57BL/10-mdx mice. The phenotype of DBA/2-mdx mice also seems to depend on the function of satellite cells. In this review, we summarize the methodology of direct isolation, characterization, and molecular regulation of satellite cells based on our results. The relationship between the regenerative capacity of satellite cells and progression of muscular disorders is also summarized. In the last part, we discuss application of the accumulating scientific information on satellite cells to treatment of patients with muscular disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- So-Ichiro Fukada
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University Osaka, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
336
|
Birbrair A, Zhang T, Wang ZM, Messi ML, Mintz A, Delbono O. Type-1 pericytes participate in fibrous tissue deposition in aged skeletal muscle. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2013; 305:C1098-113. [PMID: 24067916 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00171.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In older adults, changes in skeletal muscle composition are associated with increased fibrosis, loss of mass, and decreased force, which can lead to dependency, morbidity, and mortality. Understanding the biological mechanisms responsible is essential to sustaining and improving their quality of life. Compared with young mice, aged mice take longer to recover from muscle injury; their tissue fibrosis is more extensive, and regenerated myofibers are smaller. Strong evidence indicates that cells called pericytes, embedded in the basement membrane of capillaries, contribute to the satellite-cell pool and muscle growth. In addition to their role in skeletal muscle repair, after tissue damage, they detach from capillaries and migrate to the interstitial space to participate in fibrosis formation. Here we distinguish two bona fide pericyte subtypes in the skeletal muscle interstitium, type-1 (Nestin-GFP(-)/NG2-DsRed(+)) and type-2 (Nestin-GFP(+)/NG2-DsRed(+)), and characterize their heretofore unknown specific roles in the aging environment. Our in vitro results show that type-1 and type-2 pericytes are either fibrogenic or myogenic, respectively. Transplantation studies in young animals indicate that type-2 pericytes are myogenic, while type-1 pericytes remain in the interstitial space. In older mice, however, the muscular regenerative capacity of type-2 pericytes is limited, and type-1 pericytes produce collagen, contributing to fibrous tissue deposition. We conclude that in injured muscles from aging mice, the pericytes involved in skeletal muscle repair differ from those associated with scar formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Birbrair
- Department of Internal Medicine-Gerontology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
337
|
Le Bot N. Collagen keeps muscle stiff for regeneration. Nat Cell Biol 2013. [DOI: 10.1038/ncb2807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|