301
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Laantri N, Jalbout M, Khyatti M, Ayoub WB, Dahmoul S, Ayad M, Bedadra W, Abdoun M, Mesli S, Kandil M, Hamdi-Cherif M, Boualga K, Bouaouina N, Chouchane L, Benider A, Ben-Ayed F, Goldgar D, Corbex M. XRCC1 and hOGG1 genes and risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in North African countries. Mol Carcinog 2011; 50:732-7. [PMID: 21520294 DOI: 10.1002/mc.20754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2010] [Revised: 12/29/2010] [Accepted: 01/27/2011] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Although genetic susceptibility to nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) has been recognized for a long time, little is known about the responsible genes. X-Ray repair cross-complementing protein 1 (XRCC1) and human 8-oxo-guanine glycosylase 1 (hOGG1) genes are involved in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) repair and were found associated with NPC risk in three Asian case-control studies. The objective of the present study was to test these genes in a sample from North Africa, one of the major NPC endemic regions in the world. Three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the XRCC1 gene and one SNP in the hOGG1 gene were genotyped in 598 NPC cases from Morocco, Algeria, and Tunisia and 545 controls frequency matched by recruitment center, age, sex, and urban/rural household. The genotype and allelic distributions for the hOGG1 (326)Ser/Cys SNP and for the XRCC1 (399)Arg/Trp, (280)Arg/His, and (194)Arg/Trp SNPs did not differ significantly among NPC cases and controls. The XRCC1 (194)Trp allele frequency was significantly lower in the North African population than in Asian population (f = 0.04 vs. 0.31 in Cantonese Chinese and 0.21 Han Chinese). The hOGG1 (326)Ser allele frequency was significantly higher in the North African population (f = 0.73) than in Asian populations (f = 0.39 in Taiwanese). The results of the present study obtained from a large sample indicate that the XRCC1 and hOGG1 genes are unlikely to play a role in the susceptibility to NPC in North Africans. Our results do not corroborate those found in Asian population on smaller samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Laantri
- Laboratory of Onco-Virology, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, Casablanca, Morocco
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302
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Qin HD, Shugart YY, Bei JX, Pan QH, Chen L, Feng QS, Chen LZ, Huang W, Liu JJ, Jorgensen TJ, Zeng YX, Jia WH. Comprehensive pathway-based association study of DNA repair gene variants and the risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Cancer Res 2011; 71:3000-8. [PMID: 21368091 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-10-0469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
DNA repair plays a central role in protecting against environmental carcinogenesis, and genetic variants of DNA repair genes have been reported to be associated with several human malignancies. To assess whether DNA gene variants were associated with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) risk, a candidate gene association study was conducted among the Cantonese population within the Guangdong Province, China, the ethnic group with the highest risk for NPC. A 2-stage study design was utilized. In the discovery stage, 676 tagging SNPs covering 88 DNA repair genes were genotyped in a matched case-control study (cases/controls = 755/755). Eleven SNPs with P(trend) < 0.01 were identified. Seven of these SNPs were located within 3 genes, RAD51L1, BRCA2, and TP53BP1. In the validation stage, these 11 SNPs were genotyped in a separate Cantonese population (cases/controls = 1,568/1,297). Two of the SNPs (rs927220 and rs11158728), both in RAD51L1, remained strongly associated with NPC. The SNP rs927220 had a significant P(combined) of 5.55 × 10(-5), with OR = 1.20 (95% CI = 1.10-1.30), Bonferroni corrected P = 0.0381. The other SNP (rs11158728), which is in strong linkage disequilibrium with rs927220 (r(2) = 0.7), had a significant P(combined) of 2.0 × 10(-4), Bonferroni corrected P = 0.1372. Gene-environment interaction analysis suggested that the exposures of salted fish consumption and cigarette smoking had potential interactions with DNA repair gene variations, but need to be further investigated. Our findings support the notion that DNA repair genes, in particular RAD51L1, play a role in NPC etiology and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-De Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
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303
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Ma F, Zhang H, Zhai Y, Huang W, Zhao C, Ou S, Zhou H, Yuan W, Wang Z, Wang H, Yue W, Yu L, Li P, Xia X, Cai M, Zhang Y, Cui Y, He F, Ma Y, Zhou G. Functional polymorphism -31C/G in the promoter of BIRC5 gene and risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma among chinese. PLoS One 2011; 6:e16748. [PMID: 21304814 PMCID: PMC3033414 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0016748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2010] [Accepted: 01/10/2011] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Baculoviral inhibitor of apoptosis repeat-containing 5 (BIRC5, also called as survivin) is a member of the inhibitor of apoptosis protein (IAP) family, which plays an important role in the occurrence and progression of cancer. Recently, a polymorphism in the promoter of BIRC5, -31C/G (rs9904341), was shown to influence BIRC5 expression. Methods We examined whether the -31C/G was related to the risk of developing nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in a case-control population from Guangxi province in southern China, which consists of 855 patients with NPC and 1036 controls. This polymorphism was genotyped by TaqMan assay. The genetic associations with the occurrence and progression of NPC were estimated by logistic regression. Results We observed a statistically significant increased occurrence of NPC associated with the CC genotype (odds ratio [OR], 1.40; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.13–1.73; P = 0.0020) compared with the genotypes containing G allele (CG + GG genotype). However, no significant association was observed for the -31C/G with the severity of NPC (as measured by tumor-node-metastasis staging system). Conclusion Our findings suggest that the functional polymorphism -31C/G in the promoter of BIRC5 gene may play a role in mediating the susceptibility to NPC among Chinese.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuchao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Hongxing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wenfeng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Chang Zhao
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Shengqiu Ou
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Hong Zhou
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Wenzhao Yuan
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhifu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Hongxue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Wei Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lixia Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Peiyao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xia Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Mi Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Cui
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Fuchu He
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yilong Ma
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- * E-mail: (YM); (GZ)
| | - Gangqiao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (YM); (GZ)
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304
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Long HM, Taylor GS, Rickinson AB. Immune defence against EBV and EBV-associated disease. Curr Opin Immunol 2011; 23:258-64. [PMID: 21269819 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2010.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2010] [Accepted: 12/23/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), a B-lymphotropic herpesvirus widespread in the human population and normally contained as an asymptomatic infection by T cell surveillance, nevertheless causes infectious mononucleosis and is strongly linked to several types of human cancer. Here we describe new findings on the range of cellular immune responses induced by EBV infection, on viral strategies to evade those responses and on the links between HLA gene loci and EBV-induced disease. The success of adoptive T cell therapy for EBV-driven post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease is stimulating efforts to target other EBV-associated tumours by immunotherapeutic means, and has reawakened interest in the ultimate intervention strategy, a prophylactic EBV vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather M Long
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
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305
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CHO WCS, 南 娟. [Recent progress in genetic variants associated with cancer and their implications in diagnostics development]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2011; 14:C1-5. [PMID: 21219822 PMCID: PMC6134425 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2011.01.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- William CS CHO
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong,William CS Cho, PhD, FIBMS, Chartered Scientist. Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, 30 Gascoigne Road, Kowloon, Hong Kong Tel: +852 2958 5441; Fax: +852 2958 5455; E-mail:
| | - 娟 南
- 天津医科大学总医院,天津市肺癌研究所,天津市肺癌转移与肿瘤微环境重点实验室
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306
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Li Y, Fu L, Wong AMG, Fan YH, Li MX, Bei JX, Jia WH, Zeng YX, Chan D, Cheung KMC, Sham P, Chua D, Guan XY, Song YQ. Identification of genes with allelic imbalance on 6p associated with nasopharyngeal carcinoma in southern Chinese. PLoS One 2011; 6:e14562. [PMID: 21283797 PMCID: PMC3024318 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0014562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2010] [Accepted: 12/21/2010] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a malignancy of epithelial origin. The etiology of NPC is complex and includes multiple genetic and environmental factors. We employed case-control analysis to study the association of chromosome 6p regions with NPC. In total, 360 subjects and 360 healthy controls were included, and 233 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on 6p were examined. Significant single-marker associations were found for SNPs rs2267633 (p = 4.49 × 10(-5)), rs2076483 (most significant, p = 3.36 × 10(-5)), and rs29230 (p=1.43 × 10(-4)). The highly associated genes were the gamma-amino butyric acid B receptor 1 (GABBR1), human leukocyte antigen (HLA-A), and HLA complex group 9 (HCG9). Haplotypic associations were found for haplotypes AAA (located within GABBR1, p-value = 6.46 × 10(-5)) and TT (located within HLA-A, p = 0.0014). Further investigation of the homozygous genotype frequencies between cases and controls suggested that micro-deletion regions occur in GABBR1 and neural precursor cell expressed developmentally down-regulated 9 (NEDD9). Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) using 11 pairs of NPC biopsy samples confirmed the significant decline in GABBR1 and NEDD9 mRNA expression in the cancer tissues compared to the adjacent non-tumor tissue (p<0.05). Our study demonstrates that multiple chromosome 6p susceptibility loci contribute to the risk of NPC, possibly though GABBR1 and NEDD9 loss of function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Fu
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Alissa Michelle Go Wong
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Hui Fan
- Department of Biochemistry, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Miao-Xin Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Xin Bei
- State Key Lab of Oncology in Southern China & Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Hua Jia
- State Key Lab of Oncology in Southern China & Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Xin Zeng
- State Key Lab of Oncology in Southern China & Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Danny Chan
- Department of Biochemistry, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
- Centre for Reproduction, Development and Growth, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Kenneth M. C. Cheung
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Pak Sham
- Department of Psychiatry, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
- Centre for Reproduction, Development and Growth, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Daniel Chua
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Yuan Guan
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | - You-Qiang Song
- Department of Biochemistry, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
- Centre for Reproduction, Development and Growth, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
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307
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Cho WCS. Recent progress in genetic variants associated with cancer and their implications in diagnostics development. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2010; 10:699-703. [PMID: 20843192 DOI: 10.1586/erm.10.64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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308
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Sousa H, Pando M, Breda E, Catarino R, Medeiros R. Role of the MDM2 SNP309 polymorphism in the initiation and early age of onset of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Mol Carcinog 2010; 50:73-9. [PMID: 21229604 DOI: 10.1002/mc.20689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2010] [Revised: 08/15/2010] [Accepted: 09/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies refer that amplification/overexpression of the principal negative regulator of p53 (Mdm2) is frequently found in several malignancies. Several studies have associated a polymorphism (SNP309 T/G) in the promoter region of MDM2 with higher levels of this protein, which will favor p53-pathway abolishment, cell-cycle escape, and development of cancer. We aimed to study if MDM2 SNP309 T/G polymorphism contributes to the development of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). We have developed a case-control study with 124 patients with NPC and 509 healthy individuals from the north of Portugal to determine the genetic distribution of the MDM2 SNP309 polymorphism in DNA extracted from peripheral blood samples. Statistical analysis was performed to compare categorical variables adjusted for age and gender by multivariate logistic regression. Genotype-specific distributions according to age of onset were tested by Kaplan-Meier method and analyzed by Cox-regression proportional hazard model adjusted for gender. This study revealed that MDM2 SNP309 GG homozygous represent an increased risk adjusted for age and gender to develop NPC (OR = 2.15), with particular effect in undifferentiated types (OR = 2.46) and early clinical stages (OR = 3.32). We also found that median age of onset of NPC was significantly different (55.2 vs. 61.6) with increased effect in undifferentiated types (55.2 vs. 61.9) and early clinical stages (55.3 vs. 65.3). Our study suggests that MDM2 SNP309 can be considered a risk marker for the development of NPC mainly in early ages probably as an initiation marker for potential cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Sousa
- Molecular Oncology Group, Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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309
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Burd CE, Jeck WR, Liu Y, Sanoff HK, Wang Z, Sharpless NE. Expression of linear and novel circular forms of an INK4/ARF-associated non-coding RNA correlates with atherosclerosis risk. PLoS Genet 2010; 6:e1001233. [PMID: 21151960 PMCID: PMC2996334 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1001233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 709] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2010] [Accepted: 11/02/2010] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Human genome-wide association studies have linked single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on chromosome 9p21.3 near the INK4/ARF (CDKN2a/b) locus with susceptibility to atherosclerotic vascular disease (ASVD). Although this locus encodes three well-characterized tumor suppressors, p16INK4a, p15INK4b, and ARF, the SNPs most strongly associated with ASVD are ∼120 kb from the nearest coding gene within a long non-coding RNA (ncRNA) known as ANRIL (CDKN2BAS). While individuals homozygous for the atherosclerotic risk allele show decreased expression of ANRIL and the coding INK4/ARF transcripts, the mechanism by which such distant genetic variants influence INK4/ARF expression is unknown. Here, using rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) and analysis of next-generation RNA sequencing datasets, we determined the structure and abundance of multiple ANRIL species. Each of these species was present at very low copy numbers in primary and cultured cells; however, only the expression of ANRIL isoforms containing exons proximal to the INK4/ARF locus correlated with the ASVD risk alleles. Surprisingly, RACE also identified transcripts containing non-colinear ANRIL exonic sequences, whose expression also correlated with genotype and INK4/ARF expression. These non-polyadenylated RNAs resisted RNAse R digestion and could be PCR amplified using outward-facing primers, suggesting they represent circular RNA structures that could arise from by-products of mRNA splicing. Next-generation DNA sequencing and splice prediction algorithms identified polymorphisms within the ASVD risk interval that may regulate ANRIL splicing and circular ANRIL (cANRIL) production. These results identify novel circular RNA products emanating from the ANRIL locus and suggest causal variants at 9p21.3 regulate INK4/ARF expression and ASVD risk by modulating ANRIL expression and/or structure. Unbiased studies of the human genome have identified strong genetic determinants of atherosclerotic vascular disease (ASVD) on chromosome 9p21.3. This region of the genome does not encode genes previously linked to ASVD, but does contain the INK4/ARF tumor suppressor locus. Products of the INK4/ARF locus regulate cell division, a process thought to be important in ASVD pathology. We and others have suggested that genetic variants in 9p21.3 influence INK4/ARF gene expression; however, the mechanisms by which these distant polymorphisms (>100,000 bp away) influence transcription of the locus is unknown. The ASVD–associated genetic variants lie within the predicted structure of a non-coding RNA (ncRNA) called ANRIL. Based upon recent work suggesting that other ncRNAs can repress nearby coding genes, we considered the possibility that ANRIL structure may regulate INK4/ARF gene expression. Coupling molecular analysis with state-of-the-art sequencing technologies in a wide variety of cell types from normal human donors and cancer cells, we found that ANRIL encodes a heterogeneous species of rare RNA transcripts. Moreover, we identified novel, circular ANRIL isoforms (cANRIL) whose expression correlated with INK4/ARF transcription and ASVD risk. These studies suggest a new model wherein ANRIL structure influences INK4/ARF expression and susceptibility to atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christin E. Burd
- The Curriculum in Toxicology, The Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - William R. Jeck
- Department of Genetics, The University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Genetics, The University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Hanna K. Sanoff
- The Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Zefeng Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Norman E. Sharpless
- The Curriculum in Toxicology, The Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Genetics, The University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, The University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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310
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Cao Y, Miao XP, Huang MY, Deng L, Lin DX, Zeng YX, Shao JY. Polymorphisms of death pathway genes FAS and FASL and risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Mol Carcinog 2010; 49:944-50. [PMID: 20842669 DOI: 10.1002/mc.20676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The FAS receptor/ligand system is a key regulator of apoptotic cell death and corruption of this signaling pathway has been shown to participate in carcinogenesis. Functional polymorphisms in the FAS (FAS -1377G/A) and FASL (FASL -844T/C) genes alter their transcriptional activity. Therefore, we examined the association between these polymorphisms and the risk of developing nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). FAS -1377G/A and FASL -844T/C genotypes were determined by PCR-based RFLP analysis in 582 patients with NPC and 613 frequency-matched controls. We observed a significantly increased risk of NPC associated with the FAS -1377AA genotype [odds ratio (OR) = 1.69, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.21-2.35] compared with the FAS -1377 GG genotype. In addition, elevated NPC risk was also found among subjects carrying both FAS -1377AA and FASL -844CC genotypes compared with both FAS -1377GG and FASL -844CT or -844TT, the OR was 2.39 (95% CI = 1.50-3.79). After stratification by smoking status, heavy smokers (≥15 pack-years) carrying FAS -1377AA genotype had an increased risk of NPC compared with FAS -1377GG genotype (OR = 3.48, 95% CI = 1.66-7.30). Furthermore, we observed a statistically significant interaction between the two polymorphisms and heavy smoking status (OR = 5.92, 95% CI = 1.91-18.3). Our study provides the first evidence that functional FAS -1377 G/A and FASL -844 T/C polymorphisms are associated with the risk of NPC, and this association is especially noteworthy in tobacco smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Cao
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, PR China
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311
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Pasmant E, Sabbagh A, Vidaud M, Bièche I. ANRIL, a long, noncoding RNA, is an unexpected major hotspot in GWAS. FASEB J 2010; 25:444-8. [PMID: 20956613 DOI: 10.1096/fj.10-172452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 364] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A large noncoding RNA called ANRIL (for antisense noncoding RNA in the INK4 locus) has been identified within the p15/CDKN2B-p16/CDKN2A-p14/ARF gene cluster. While the exact role of ANRIL awaited further elucidation, common disease genomewide association studies (GWAS) have surprisingly identified the ANRIL gene as a genetic susceptibility locus shared associated by coronary disease, intracranial aneurysm and also type 2 diabetes. Expression studies have confirmed the coregulation of p15/CDKN2B, p16/CDKN2A, p14/ARF, and ANRIL. Among the cluster, ANRIL expression showed the strongest association with the multiple phenotypes linked to the 9p21.3 region. More recent GWAS also identified ANRIL as a risk locus for gliomas and basal cell carcinomas in accordance with the princeps observation. Moreover, a mouse model has confirmed the pivotal role of ANRIL in regulation of CDKN2A/B expression through a cis-acting mechanism and its implication in proliferation and senescence. The implication of ANRIL in cellular aging has provided an attractive unifying hypothesis to explain its association with various susceptibility risk factors. ANRIL identification emphasizes the underestimated role of long noncoding RNAs. Many GWAS have identified trait-associated SNPs that felt in noncoding genomic regions. It is conceivable to anticipate that long, noncoding RNAs will map to many of these "gene deserts."
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Pasmant
- UMR745 INSERM, Université Paris Descartes, Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, 4 avenue de l'Observatoire, 75006, Paris, France.
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312
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Jia WH, Luo XY, Feng BJ, Ruan HL, Bei JX, Liu WS, Qin HD, Feng QS, Chen LZ, Yao SY, Zeng YX. Traditional Cantonese diet and nasopharyngeal carcinoma risk: a large-scale case-control study in Guangdong, China. BMC Cancer 2010; 10:446. [PMID: 20727127 PMCID: PMC2931495 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-10-446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2010] [Accepted: 08/20/2010] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is rare in most parts of the world but is a common malignancy in southern China, especially in Guangdong. Dietary habit is regarded as an important modifier of NPC risk in several endemic areas and may partially explain the geographic distribution of NPC incidence. In China, rapid economic development during the past few decades has changed the predominant lifestyle and dietary habits of the Chinese considerably, requiring a reassessment of diet and its potential influence on NPC risk in this NPC-endemic area. METHODS To evaluate the association between dietary factors and NPC risk in Guangdong, China, a large-scale, hospital-based case-control study was conducted. 1387 eligible cases and 1459 frequency matched controls were recruited. Odds ratios (ORs) and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using a logistic regression model, adjusting for age, sex, education, dialect, and habitation household type. RESULTS Observations made include the following: 1) consumption of canton-style salted fish, preserved vegetables and preserved/cured meat were significantly associated with increased risk of NPC, with enhanced odds ratios (OR) of 2.45 (95% CI: 2.03-2.94), 3.17(95% CI: 2.68-3.77) and 2.09 (95% CI: 1.22-3.60) respectively in the highest intake frequency stratum during childhood; 2) consumption of fresh fruit was associated with reduced risk with a dose-dependent relationship (p = 0.001); and 3) consumption of Canton-style herbal tea and herbal slow-cooked soup was associated with decreased risk, with ORs of 0.84 (95% CI: 0.68-1.03) and 0.58 (95% CI: 0.47-0.72) respectively in the highest intake frequency stratum. In multivariate analyses, these associations remained significant. CONCLUSIONS It can be inferred that previously established dietary risk factors in the Cantonese population are still stable and have contributed to the incidence of NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hua Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Xiang-Yu Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bing-Jian Feng
- Department of Dermatology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
| | - Hong-Lian Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Jin-Xin Bei
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Sheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hai-De Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi-Sheng Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-Zhen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shugart Yin Yao
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Yi-Xin Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China, Guangzhou, 510060, China
- Department of Experimental Research, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
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