38451
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Hatcher ME, Connelly C. A case mix simulation decision support system model for negotiating hospital rates. J Med Syst 1988; 12:341-63. [PMID: 3148679 DOI: 10.1007/bf00992684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The institution of prospective payment systems by many health care insurers has drawn increased attention to case-based financial planning in hospitals. When hospital revenues are directly linked to patient diagnoses rather than to the types and quantities of services supplied to patients, managers must be aware of the financial implications of different case mixes and must be prepared to influence insurers' price structures. A case-based financial planning model is presented here for the purpose of assisting managerial decision making in the strategic areas of case mix planning and pricing. The computerized model characterizes hospitals as product manufacturers, the product being discharged patients. Diagnosis serves to differentiate the "products"; however, diagnoses are grouped by payor and similar treatment cost experiences to create a limited set of managerially meaningful case types. Diagnostic and treatment costs are also aggregated to facilitate the modeling of the hospital production process. The computerized model projects the number of patients of each case-type and total patient volume, based on estimated patient volume growth rates. The model also projects prices and contribution margins for each case-type, as well as total contribution to hospital overhead. Testing the model with a hypothetical example of a hospital strategic planning problem demonstrates the model's potential as a decision-making aid in case mix planning and case-type pricing. It also reveals several model shortcomings that require further developmental effort.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Hatcher
- School of Business and Administrative Sciences, California State University, Fresno 93740-0007
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38452
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Abstract
This paper describes a series of interviews that examine the ways that professional office workers use electronic mail to manage their daily work. The purpose is to generate hypotheses for future research. A number of implications for the design of flexible mail systems are discussed.
Two principal claims are made. First, the use of electronic mail is strikingly diverse, although not infinitely so. Individuals vary both in objective measures of mail use and in preferred strategies for managing work electronically. Feelings of control are similarly diverse and are related to the size of the user's inbox, numbers of folders, and subscriptions to distribution lists. This diversity implies that one's own experiences with electronic mail are unlikely to provide sufficient understanding of other's uses of mail. Mail designers should thus seek flexible primitives that capture the important dimensions of use and provide flexibility for a wide range of users.
The second claim is that electronic mail is more than just a communication system. Users archive messages for subject retrieval, prioritize messages to sequence work activities, and delegate tasks via mail. A taxonomy of work management is proposed in which mail is used for information management, time management, and task management activities. Directions for future research are suggested.
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38453
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Amoroso DL. Organizational issues of end-user computing. DATA BASE FOR ADVANCES IN INFORMATION SYSTEMS 1988. [DOI: 10.1145/65766.65773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
End-user computing environments are rapidly growing in many organizations. This growth is due primarily to the proliferation of microcomputers and the availability of user-friendly software. However, the end-user computing environment is still poorly understood by practitioners, academics, and vendors. Most managers agree that a basic understanding of the end-user computing environment is necessary in order to effectively manage it. This article attempts to define the scope of the end-user computing and integrate a variety of publications into a common research framework. Several managerial frameworks are presented which address the risks of end-user development. Finally, implications are drawn from the available literature in order to provide managerial direction to firms with growing end-user computing environments.
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38454
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Goodhue D. I/S attitudes: toward theoretical and definitional clarity. DATA BASE FOR ADVANCES IN INFORMATION SYSTEMS 1988. [DOI: 10.1145/65766.65768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
There has long been a recognized need to measure the "success" or efficacy of information systems and the implementation process. Various constructs related to success have been suggested such as user attitudes, use, performance, and value. The attitude construct has received a great deal of attention for both theoretical and operational reasons. This paper focuses on the need for a convincing theoretical model linking systems or policies and user attitudes on the one hand, and user attitude and performance or value on the other. Using job satisfaction research as a reference discipline for understanding the relationship between attitudes and performance, a model of I/S attitudes, beliefs, and performance is developed. This model suggests that performance is affected by the correspondence or "fit" between the task requirements and the functionality of the I/S environment. In addition a distinction between beliefs and attitudes is recommended. While satisfaction might be best determined by measuring attitudes, the correspondence between task and functionality is best determined by measuring beliefs. The implications of this model for future research are discussed.
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38455
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Abstract
Many complex software-intensive systems are being developed today. When developing complex systems, operations and support development must form a third complementary component of system development, along with hardware and software development. This paper proposes four key components of operations and support development which are needed for successful design of real-time, decision support computer-human interaction.
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38456
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Trice AW, Treacy ME. Utilization as a dependent variable in MIS research. DATA BASE FOR ADVANCES IN INFORMATION SYSTEMS 1988. [DOI: 10.1145/65766.65771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Utilization of an information system is an important and frequently measured is the conduit through which informationtechnology can affect performance. This paper addresses measurement issues associated with utilization variables. The discussion is motivated by a review of the literature and an examination of four relevant reference theories. It is asserted that utilization can be measured effectively if the measures chosen correspond to the measures suggested by an appropriate reference theory.
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38457
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38458
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Pracht WE, Courtney JF. The Effects of an Interactive Graphics-Based DSS to Support Problem Structuring. DECISION SCIENCES 1988. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-5915.1988.tb00289.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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38459
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Lee DT. Expert Decision-support Systems for Decision-making. JOURNAL OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 1988. [DOI: 10.1177/026839628800300204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Computers have made tremendous contributions towards transactional processing. However, the highest pay-off the computer can make is not in transactional processing but in decision-making. Recently, expert systems have just begun to be used in the decision-making process. Individual technologies alone are inadequate for an effective decision support. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the related issues in decision support and to develop an expert decision support system (EDSS) for combining decision support systems and expert systems into a unified whole for decision support. The emphasis will be on developing a DSS/ES model which can be used to integrate the traditional DSS database and ES knowledge-base for building a user-friendly EDSS.
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38460
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Schneider KC. Ethical issues associated with peer review in Medicare. QUALITY ASSURANCE AND UTILIZATION REVIEW : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF UTILIZATION REVIEW PHYSICIANS 1988; 3:37-41. [PMID: 2980925 DOI: 10.1177/0885713x8800300203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Delegation of Medicare peer review authority to hospital committees contributed to the failure of Professional Standards Review Organizations. The financial incentives of prospective payment under Diagnosis-Related Groups are associated with partic ularly aggressive hospital-based review and ethical tensions between attending physicians, medical staff committees, and hospital administration. Peer Re view Organizations (PROs) are expected to mediate as well as monitor in this environment, but PROs are harshly judged in turn by the "SuperPRO," which finds them too permissive, and by administrative law judges who overturn the majority of their denials on appeal. Although PRO deliberations are held confi dential, release of denial statistics and hospital-spe cific mortality information raises serious concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- K C Schneider
- Health Care Financing Administration, Dallas, TX 75202
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38461
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Goldstein DK, Zack MH. The impact of marketing information supply on product managers: an organizational information processing perspective. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1988. [DOI: 10.1108/eb022669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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38462
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38463
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Abstract
This study represents the financial and qualitative evaluation of a Health Promotion Center of a private hospital located in a medium-sized town located in a predominantly agricultural area. The major objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of various pricing, advertising, and service strategies on profitability. The result is a pricing strategy which allows the center to reach their financial goal of breaking even while maintaining their service policies. The hospital, which serves a community of 500,000 people, recently developed a new concept called a "Health Promotion Center" (HPC). The HPC provides services such as fitness programs, nutrition awareness, rehabilitation and therapy, and child and adult care. For this purpose, a new building was constructed and the center became operational in June 1983. A variety of management options available to the center are described with evaluations of their usefulness. Evaluation methods include scenarios, stochastic simulations, and analyses of how the decision makers use these methods. The inclusion of risk management, model flexibility, and user involvement are stressed throughout the paper and are critical in the decision process.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hatcher
- School of Business and Administrative Sciences, Fresno, California 93740-0007
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38464
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Nash SH, Redwine ST. People and organizations in software production: a review of the literature. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1988. [DOI: 10.1145/43947.43949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The growing demand for software requires increasingly productive people and organizations, yet little is known about how best to select, train, organize, and manage people and organizations to produce software. Boehm's COCOMO software costing model has shown that people and organizations can have a dramatic effect on productivity and costs. Issues of project organization, education and training, professional development, career paths, personnel selection, evaluation, group dynamics, and motivation play a significant part in software productivity. As this review of 130 references to the recent research literature indicates, work is being done on these issues, however, some gaps need to be filled and methods developed to insure their effective use.
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38465
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Sääksjärvi M, Heikkilä J, Saarinen T. The dual role of information centers: An assessment of end user computing management strategies. INFORMATION & MANAGEMENT 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/0378-7206(88)90031-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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38466
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Telem M. Information requirements specification I: Brainstorming collective decision-making approach. Inf Process Manag 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/0306-4573(88)90024-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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38467
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Filteau M, Kassicieh S, Tripp R. Evolutionary database design and development in very large scale MIS. INFORMATION & MANAGEMENT 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/0378-7206(88)90046-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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38468
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38469
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Feinstein C, Morris P. Information tree: a model of information flow in complex organizations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1988. [DOI: 10.1109/21.7489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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38470
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Daniel Couger J. Key human resource issues in IS in the 1990s: Views of IS executives versus human resource executives. INFORMATION & MANAGEMENT 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/0378-7206(88)90055-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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38471
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King JL, Kraemer KL. Information Resource Management: Is it sensible and can it work? INFORMATION & MANAGEMENT 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/0378-7206(88)90025-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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38472
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38473
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Orlikowski WJ, Baroudi JJ. The information systems profession: myth or reality? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1988. [DOI: 10.1108/eb022652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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38474
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38475
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38476
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38477
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Mohammed N, Courtney J, Paradice D. A prototype DSS for structuring and diagnosing managerial problems. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1988. [DOI: 10.1109/21.23089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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38478
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38479
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Mykytyn PP. An empirical investigation of DSS usage and the user's perception of DSS training. INFORMATION & MANAGEMENT 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/0378-7206(88)90063-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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38480
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Bergeron F, Bérubé C. The management of the end-user environment: An empirical investigation. INFORMATION & MANAGEMENT 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/0378-7206(88)90001-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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38481
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38482
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38483
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Cooper RB. Review of management information systems research: A management support emphasis. Inf Process Manag 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/0306-4573(88)90079-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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38484
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Information systems as rational discourse: an application of Habermas's theory of communicative action. SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/0956-5221(88)90013-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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38485
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Ho C, Dilts DM. Integrating MRP with Information Systems through the MEISE Grid. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OPERATIONS & PRODUCTION MANAGEMENT 1988. [DOI: 10.1108/eb054812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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38486
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Neo BS. Factors facilitating the use of Information Technology for competitive advantage: An exploratory study. INFORMATION & MANAGEMENT 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/0378-7206(88)90045-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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38487
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Jarvenpaa S, DeSanctis G. Standard scaling in decision graphs: an empirical investigation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1988. [DOI: 10.1109/21.21609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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38488
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38489
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Carlson CK. Information management approach and support to decision-making. INFORMATION & MANAGEMENT 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/0378-7206(88)90069-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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38490
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Hackathorn RD. End-user computing by top executives. DATA BASE FOR ADVANCES IN INFORMATION SYSTEMS 1987. [DOI: 10.1145/45175.45176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
This paper examines the activities and perspectives of top executives towards end-user computing. End-user computing (EUC) is defined as "an information processing activity in which the person has direct personal control over all stage of the activity." Hence, the end user directly uses personal computers and related technology and does not necesarily have technical experience and training in the management information systems (MIS) area.The key issue is whether top executives from a unique group of users or whether they can be considered similar to other users in terms of support and control policies.A field study was conducted resulting in 239 respondents from a variety of organizations. Using the executive level of each respondent as the independent variable, eight other variables were examined such as: the extent of PC usage, exchange of data with others, use of programs developed by others, development of programs for use by others, access to corporate data remotely, etc.The data analysis show that, for the most part, executives do act and feel similar to others relative to end-user computing, which is a significant result. In other words, executives are active adopters of EUC technology and probably have a strong influence on EUC activities in their organizations. They frequently exchange PC data with others and develop programs or models for others. Therefore, considerations about executives as end users should be an important part of EUC policies, both for support and control.
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38491
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Ball LD, Dambolena IG, Hennessey HD. Identifying early adopters of large software systems. DATA BASE FOR ADVANCES IN INFORMATION SYSTEMS 1987. [DOI: 10.1145/45175.45178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
In recent years the software industry has undergone rapid growth, yet little is known about the software acquisition process. This study examines the relationship between the acquisition of large data base management systems (DBMSs) and several characteristics of organizations and their personnel. Seven hypothesis related to the adoption of DBMSs are tested through a survey and the results are reported.
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38492
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38493
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38494
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Managing information systems for effectiveness and humanity: Applying research on organizational behavior. INFORMATION & MANAGEMENT 1987. [DOI: 10.1016/0378-7206(87)90047-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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38495
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Examining the industry comparative traits of hardware and software manufacturers. INFORMATION & MANAGEMENT 1987. [DOI: 10.1016/0378-7206(87)90054-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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38496
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Lamberti D, Wallace WA. Presenting uncertainty in expert systems: An issue in information portrayal. INFORMATION & MANAGEMENT 1987. [DOI: 10.1016/0378-7206(87)90053-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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38497
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Lalomia MJ, Coovert MD. A COMPARISON OF TABULAR AND GRAPHICAL DISPLAYS IN FOUR PROBLEM-SOLVING DOMAINS. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1987. [DOI: 10.1145/36111.1045596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The effectiveness of graphical versus tabular displays on problem solving has been the focus of much research (DeSanctis, 1984). However, review of this research shows no systematic attempts have been made to identify how performance in specific problem solving domains are affected by tabular or graphical displays.
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38498
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38499
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End-user computing environments — Finding a balance between productivity and control. INFORMATION & MANAGEMENT 1987. [DOI: 10.1016/0378-7206(87)90012-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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38500
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