351
|
Anhê FF, Varin TV, Le Barz M, Desjardins Y, Levy E, Roy D, Marette A. Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis in Obesity-Linked Metabolic Diseases and Prebiotic Potential of Polyphenol-Rich Extracts. Curr Obes Rep 2015; 4:389-400. [PMID: 26343880 DOI: 10.1007/s13679-015-0172-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Trillions of microorganisms inhabit the human body, strongly colonizing the gastro-intestinal tract and outnumbering our own cells. High-throughput sequencing techniques and new bioinformatic tools have enabled scientists to extend our knowledge on the relationship between the gut microbiota and host's physiology. Disruption of the ecological equilibrium in the gut (i.e., dysbiosis) has been associated with several pathological processes, including obesity and its related comorbidities, with diet being a strong determinant of gut microbial balance. In this review, we discuss the potential prebiotic effect of polyphenol-rich foods and extracts and how they can reshape the gut microbiota, emphasizing the novel role of the mucin-degrading bacterium Akkermansia muciniphila in their metabolic benefits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fernando F Anhê
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cardiology Axis of the Québec Heart and Lung Institute, Laval University, Quebec, Canada.
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, 2440 boulevard Hochelaga, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada.
- Hôpital Laval, Pavillon Marguerite d'Youville, Quebec, QC, G1V 4G5, Canada.
| | - Thibault V Varin
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, 2440 boulevard Hochelaga, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada.
| | - Mélanie Le Barz
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cardiology Axis of the Québec Heart and Lung Institute, Laval University, Quebec, Canada.
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, 2440 boulevard Hochelaga, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada.
- Hôpital Laval, Pavillon Marguerite d'Youville, Quebec, QC, G1V 4G5, Canada.
| | - Yves Desjardins
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, 2440 boulevard Hochelaga, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada.
| | - Emile Levy
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, 2440 boulevard Hochelaga, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada.
- Research Centre, CHU-Sainte-Justine and Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, 3175, Chemin de la Côte Ste Catherine, bureau 5731A, Montreal, QC, H3T 1C5, Canada.
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Denis Roy
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, 2440 boulevard Hochelaga, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada.
| | - André Marette
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Cardiology Axis of the Québec Heart and Lung Institute, Laval University, Quebec, Canada.
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, 2440 boulevard Hochelaga, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada.
- Hôpital Laval, Pavillon Marguerite d'Youville, Quebec, QC, G1V 4G5, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
352
|
Solimine J, Garo E, Wedler J, Rusanov K, Fertig O, Hamburger M, Atanassov I, Butterweck V. Tyrosinase inhibitory constituents from a polyphenol enriched fraction of rose oil distillation wastewater. Fitoterapia 2015; 108:13-9. [PMID: 26592852 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2015.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2015] [Revised: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
During the water steam distillation process of rose flowers, the non-volatile phenolic compounds remain in the waste. We recently developed a strategy to separate rose oil distillation water (RODW) into a polyphenol depleted water fraction and a polyphenol enriched fraction (RF20-SP207). Bioassay-guided investigation of RF20-SP207 led to the isolation of quercetin, kaempferol and ellagic acid. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis as well as by comparison with literature data. Tyrosinase inhibition studies were performed with RF20-SP207, fractions I-IV, and the isolated compounds of the most active fraction. RF20-SP207 strongly inhibited the enzyme with an IC50 of 0.41 μg/mL. From the tested fractions only fraction IV (IC50=5.81 μg/mL) exhibited strong anti-tyrosinase activities. Quercetin, kaempferol and ellagic acid were identified in fraction IV and inhibited mushroom tyrosinase with IC50 values of 4.2 μM, 5.5 μM and 5.2 μM, respectively, which is approximately 10 times more potent than that of the positive control kojic acid (56.1μM). The inhibition kinetics, analyzed by Lineweaver-Burk plots, indicated that RF20-SP207 and fraction IV are uncompetitive inhibitors of tyrosinase when l-tyrosine is used as a substrate. A mixed inhibition was determined for ellagic acid, and a competitive inhibition for quercetin and kaempferol. In conclusion, the recovered polyphenol fraction RF20-SP207 from RODW was found to be a potent tyrosinase inhibitor. This value-added product could be used as an active ingredient in cosmetic products related to hyperpigmentation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Solimine
- Institute for Pharma Technology, School of Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Northwestern Switzerland, Gründenstrasse 40, CH-4132 Muttenz, Switzerland
| | - Eliane Garo
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, CH-4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jonas Wedler
- Institute for Pharma Technology, School of Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Northwestern Switzerland, Gründenstrasse 40, CH-4132 Muttenz, Switzerland
| | - Krasimir Rusanov
- AgroBioInstitute, Agriculture Academy, Dragan Tzankov 8, Sofia 1164, Bulgaria
| | - Orlando Fertig
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, CH-4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Hamburger
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, CH-4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ivan Atanassov
- AgroBioInstitute, Agriculture Academy, Dragan Tzankov 8, Sofia 1164, Bulgaria
| | - Veronika Butterweck
- Institute for Pharma Technology, School of Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Northwestern Switzerland, Gründenstrasse 40, CH-4132 Muttenz, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
353
|
Blanton C, He Z, Gottschall-Pass KT, Sweeney MI. Probiotics Blunt the Anti-Hypertensive Effect of Blueberry Feeding in Hypertensive Rats without Altering Hippuric Acid Production. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0142036. [PMID: 26544724 PMCID: PMC4636313 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0142036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Previously we showed that feeding polyphenol-rich wild blueberries to hypertensive rats lowered systolic blood pressure. Since probiotic bacteria produce bioactive metabolites from berry polyphenols that enhance the health benefits of berry consumption, we hypothesized that adding probiotics to a blueberry-enriched diet would augment the anti-hypertensive effects of blueberry consumption. Groups (n = 8) of male spontaneously hypertensive rats were fed one of four AIN '93G-based diets for 8 weeks: Control (CON); 3% freeze-dried wild blueberry (BB); 1% probiotic bacteria (PRO); or 3% BB + 1% PRO (BB+PRO). Blood pressure was measured at weeks 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 by the tail-cuff method, and urine was collected at weeks 4 and 8 to determine markers of oxidative stress (F2-isoprostanes), nitric oxide synthesis (nitrites), and polyphenol metabolism (hippuric acid). Data were analyzed using mixed models ANOVA with repeated measures. Diet had a significant main effect on diastolic blood pressure (p = 0.046), with significantly lower measurements in the BB- vs. CON-fed rats (p = 0.035). Systolic blood pressure showed a similar but less pronounced response to diet (p = 0.220), again with the largest difference between the BB and CON groups. Absolute increase in blood pressure between weeks 0 and 8 tended to be smaller in the BB and PRO vs. CON and BB+PRO groups (systolic increase, p = 0.074; diastolic increase, p = 0.185). Diet had a significant main effect on hippuric acid excretion (p<0.0001), with 2- and ~1.5-fold higher levels at weeks 4 and 8, respectively, in the BB and BB+PRO vs. PRO and CON groups. Diet did not have a significant main effect on F2-isoprostane (p = 0.159) or nitrite excretion (p = 0.670). Our findings show that adding probiotics to a blueberry-enriched diet does not enhance and actually may impair the anti-hypertensive effect of blueberry consumption. However, probiotic bacteria are not interfering with blueberry polyphenol metabolism into hippuric acid.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Blanton
- Department of Nutrition, Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Zhengcheng He
- Department of Biology, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada
| | - Katherine T. Gottschall-Pass
- Department of Applied Human Sciences, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada
| | - Marva I. Sweeney
- Department of Biology, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
354
|
From covalent bonds to eco-physiological pharmacology of secondary plant metabolites. Biochem Pharmacol 2015; 98:269-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2015.07.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
355
|
Jensen BM, Adhikari KB, Schnoor HJ, Juel-Berg N, Fomsgaard IS, Poulsen LK. Quantitative analysis of absorption, metabolism, and excretion of benzoxazinoids in humans after the consumption of high- and low-benzoxazinoid diets with similar contents of cereal dietary fibres: a crossover study. Eur J Nutr 2015; 56:387-397. [PMID: 26519282 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-015-1088-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 10/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Benzoxazinoids (BXs) are a group of wholegrain phytochemicals with potential pharmacological properties; however, limited information exists on their absorption, metabolism, and excretion in humans. The aim of this study was to investigate the dose-dependent uptake and excretion of dietary BXs in a healthy population. METHODS Blood and urine were collected from 19 healthy participants from a crossover study after a washout, a LOW BX diet or HIGH BX diet, and analysed for 12 BXs and 4 phenoxazinone derivatives. RESULTS We found that the plasma BX level peaked approximately 3 h after food intake, whereas BXs in urine were present even at 36 h after consuming a meal. No phenoxazinone derivatives could be detected in either plasma or urine. The dominant BX metabolite in both plasma and urine was 2-β-D-glucopyranosyloxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one (HBOA-Glc), even though 2-β-D-glucopyranosyloxy-4-hydroxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one (DIBOA-Glc) was the major component in the diet. CONCLUSION The dietary BX treatment correlated well with the plasma and urine levels, illustrating strong dose-dependent BX absorption, which also had a rapid washout, especially from the plasma compartment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bettina M Jensen
- Allergy Clinic, Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, dept. 22, 1. Floor, Hellerup, 2900, Gentofte, Denmark.
| | - Khem B Adhikari
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Slagelse, Denmark
| | - Heidi J Schnoor
- Allergy Clinic, Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, dept. 22, 1. Floor, Hellerup, 2900, Gentofte, Denmark
| | - Nanna Juel-Berg
- Allergy Clinic, Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, dept. 22, 1. Floor, Hellerup, 2900, Gentofte, Denmark
| | | | - Lars K Poulsen
- Allergy Clinic, Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, dept. 22, 1. Floor, Hellerup, 2900, Gentofte, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
356
|
Chen L, Tai WC, Hsiao WW. Dietary saponins from four popular herbal tea exert prebiotic-like effects on gut microbiota in C57BL/6 mice. J Funct Foods 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2015.06.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
|
357
|
Valdés L, Cuervo A, Salazar N, Ruas-Madiedo P, Gueimonde M, González S. The relationship between phenolic compounds from diet and microbiota: impact on human health. Food Funct 2015; 6:2424-39. [DOI: 10.1039/c5fo00322a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The human intestinal tract is home to a complex microbial community called microbiota.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L. Valdés
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products
- Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias – Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPLA-CSIC)
- Pase Río Linares s/n
- 33300 Villaviciosa
- Spain
| | - A. Cuervo
- Department of Functional Biology
- University of Oviedo
- Facultad de Medicina
- Oviedo
- Spain
| | - N. Salazar
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products
- Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias – Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPLA-CSIC)
- Pase Río Linares s/n
- 33300 Villaviciosa
- Spain
| | - P. Ruas-Madiedo
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products
- Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias – Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPLA-CSIC)
- Pase Río Linares s/n
- 33300 Villaviciosa
- Spain
| | - M. Gueimonde
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products
- Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias – Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPLA-CSIC)
- Pase Río Linares s/n
- 33300 Villaviciosa
- Spain
| | - S. González
- Department of Functional Biology
- University of Oviedo
- Facultad de Medicina
- Oviedo
- Spain
| |
Collapse
|