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Young BC, Murray CA, Thomson J. Care home staff knowledge of oral care compared to best practice: a West of Scotland pilot study. Br Dent J 2008; 205:E15; discussion 450-1. [PMID: 18841164 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bdj.2008.894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/12/2008] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate care home (N) staff knowledge of oral care provision for dependent older people in comparison to guidelines from NHS Quality Improvement Scotland (NHSQIS). This pilot study also aimed to identify barriers to delivering oral care and determine if oral health educator (OHE) training had an effect upon staff knowledge of oral care delivery. SETTING This cross-sectional analytic investigation was undertaken within the Greater Glasgow & Clyde area between 2005 and 2007. METHODS From 33 care homes (N), 28 participated in data gathering through an interview schedule involving 109 staff. A 'knowledge check-list' founded upon daily oral care guidelines from the NHSQIS best practice statement (BPS) served as a template for knowledge assessment. An OHE undertook small group discussions related to the BPS in a sub-group of original participants and a second round of data was collected. RESULTS The majority of surveyed staff (n = 86, 79%) agreed that residents required assistance with oral care and placed oral care (n = 85, 78%) in a moderate to high priority. However, only 57% of managers and 49% of nurses had received training in oral care provision. Most staff (79% of managers, 85% of nurses) were unaware of the NHSQIS BPS. Deficiencies in knowledge were identified in several areas of the BPS. In particular, knowledge in the care of the natural dentition was inadequate. Between pre- and post-OHE training, the research suggests the following areas are liable to change: prioritisation given to oral care (p = 0.01), perceived competence (p <0.0001) and confidence in providing oral care advice (p <0.0001). Following OHE intervention, staff knowledge in oral care procedures compliant with best practice guidelines increased by 45%. CONCLUSIONS Knowledge of oral health provision by those responsible for the care of home residents was deficient. An OHE training programme structured around the NHSQIS BPS demonstrated a measurable increase in levels of staff knowledge of oral care procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- B C Young
- University of Glasgow Dental Hospital and School, Restorative Section, Level 6, 378 Sauchiehall Street, Glasgow, G2 3JZ.
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357
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Ide R, Mizoue T, Fujino Y, Kubo T, Pham TM, Shirane K, Ogimoto I, Tokui N, Yoshimura T. Oral Symptoms Predict Mortality: a Prospective Study in Japan. J Dent Res 2008; 87:485-9. [DOI: 10.1177/154405910808700510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies have reported positive associations between oral infections and systemic diseases. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effects of oral symptoms on mortality from cardiovascular disease (CVD) and pneumonia. Using data from a cohort study in Japan, we analyzed 4,139 individuals aged 40–79 years. The baseline questionnaire included the following items related to oral symptoms: ‘sensitive teeth’, ‘difficulty in chewing tough food substances’, ‘bleeding gums’, and ‘mouth feels sticky’. We used the Cox proportional hazard model to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) for mortality, after adjustments for lifestyle, socio-economic factors, and history of diseases. Persons complaining that their ‘mouth feels sticky’ had a two-fold higher risk of pneumonia (HR = 2.1; 95%CI, 1.2–3.6), while those complaining of ‘sensitive teeth’ had a lower risk of CVD (HR = 0.4; 95%CI, 0.2–0.9). Some oral symptoms may be predictors of mortality from pneumonia and CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Ide
- Department of Work Systems and Health, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan
- Department of Epidemiology and International Health, Research Institute, International Medical Center of Japan, Tokyo
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
- Asahi Kasei, Nobeoka Office Health Care Center, Miyazaki, Japan
- St. Mary’s Hospital, Kurume, Japan
| | - T. Mizoue
- Department of Work Systems and Health, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan
- Department of Epidemiology and International Health, Research Institute, International Medical Center of Japan, Tokyo
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
- Asahi Kasei, Nobeoka Office Health Care Center, Miyazaki, Japan
- St. Mary’s Hospital, Kurume, Japan
| | - Y. Fujino
- Department of Work Systems and Health, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan
- Department of Epidemiology and International Health, Research Institute, International Medical Center of Japan, Tokyo
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
- Asahi Kasei, Nobeoka Office Health Care Center, Miyazaki, Japan
- St. Mary’s Hospital, Kurume, Japan
| | - T. Kubo
- Department of Work Systems and Health, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan
- Department of Epidemiology and International Health, Research Institute, International Medical Center of Japan, Tokyo
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
- Asahi Kasei, Nobeoka Office Health Care Center, Miyazaki, Japan
- St. Mary’s Hospital, Kurume, Japan
| | - T.-M. Pham
- Department of Work Systems and Health, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan
- Department of Epidemiology and International Health, Research Institute, International Medical Center of Japan, Tokyo
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
- Asahi Kasei, Nobeoka Office Health Care Center, Miyazaki, Japan
- St. Mary’s Hospital, Kurume, Japan
| | - K. Shirane
- Department of Work Systems and Health, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan
- Department of Epidemiology and International Health, Research Institute, International Medical Center of Japan, Tokyo
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
- Asahi Kasei, Nobeoka Office Health Care Center, Miyazaki, Japan
- St. Mary’s Hospital, Kurume, Japan
| | - I. Ogimoto
- Department of Work Systems and Health, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan
- Department of Epidemiology and International Health, Research Institute, International Medical Center of Japan, Tokyo
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
- Asahi Kasei, Nobeoka Office Health Care Center, Miyazaki, Japan
- St. Mary’s Hospital, Kurume, Japan
| | - N. Tokui
- Department of Work Systems and Health, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan
- Department of Epidemiology and International Health, Research Institute, International Medical Center of Japan, Tokyo
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
- Asahi Kasei, Nobeoka Office Health Care Center, Miyazaki, Japan
- St. Mary’s Hospital, Kurume, Japan
| | - T. Yoshimura
- Department of Work Systems and Health, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan
- Department of Epidemiology and International Health, Research Institute, International Medical Center of Japan, Tokyo
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
- Asahi Kasei, Nobeoka Office Health Care Center, Miyazaki, Japan
- St. Mary’s Hospital, Kurume, Japan
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362
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Taylor GW, Borgnakke WS. Self-reported periodontal disease: validation in an epidemiological survey. J Periodontol 2007; 78:1407-20. [PMID: 17608612 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2007.060481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence is accumulating to support poor oral health as a risk factor for systemic conditions, including cardiovascular diseases, diabetes control, adverse pregnancy outcomes, and pneumonia. Prohibitive costs for clinical assessment of periodontal disease limit information to assess the prevalence and trends of periodontal diseases in the United States population. However, self-report is used widely to assess economically the population-based prevalence of various medical conditions and health-related behaviors and characteristics. METHODS The goal of this secondary data analysis was to identify self-report items sufficiently correlated with clinical periodontal disease for use via face-to-face or telephone interviews. Data for analysis were collected for a project focused on oral health that included face-to-face interview items regarding oral health-related self-care, professional care, and barriers; knowledge, beliefs, and attitudes; risk behavior; impact on quality of life; and demographic characteristics. Also, participants had complete oral examinations. RESULTS Logistic regression analyses identified self-reported items contributing to two sets of models predicting moderate or severe periodontal disease (MODSEV) and severe periodontal disease (SEV). Age, gender, race/ethnicity, smoking, and periodontal health-related self-report items constituted predictive models with maximum sensitivity and specificity of 71% and 83%, respectively, with area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.85 (as a measure of accuracy) for MODSEV. For SEV, predictive models' maximum sensitivity and specificity were 92% and 53%, respectively, with a maximum AUC of 0.92. CONCLUSION These analyses suggest that self-report may be valid for surveillance of periodontal disease burden and trends in the American population, in lieu of more costly clinical periodontal examinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- George W Taylor
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1078, USA.
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