401
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Park SJ, Yoo K, Kim JY, Kim JY, Lee DK, Kim B, Kim H, Kim JH, Cho J, Ko MJ. Water-based thixotropic polymer gel electrolyte for dye-sensitized solar cells. ACS NANO 2013; 7:4050-4056. [PMID: 23618493 DOI: 10.1021/nn4001269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
For the practical application of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), it is important to replace the conventional organic solvents based electrolyte with environmentally friendly and stable ones, due to the toxicity and leakage problems. Here we report a noble water-based thixotropic polymer gel electrolyte containing xanthan gum, which satisfies both the environmentally friendliness and stability against leakage and water intrusion. For application in DSSCs, it was possible to infiltrate the prepared electrolyte into the mesoporous TiO2 electrode at the fluidic state, resulting in sufficient penetration. As a result, this electrolyte exhibited similar conversion efficiency (4.78% at 100 mW cm(-2)) and an enhanced long-term stability compared to a water-based liquid electrolyte. The effects of water on the photovoltaic properties were examined elaborately from the cyclic voltammetry curves and impedance spectra. Despite the positive shift in the conduction band potential of the TiO2 electrode, the open-circuit voltage was enhanced by addition of water in the electrolyte due to the greater positive shift in the I(-)/I3(-) redox potential. However, due to the dye desorption and decreased diffusion coefficient caused by the water content, the short-circuit photocurrent density was reduced. These results will provide great insight into the development of efficient and stable water-based electrolytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se Jeong Park
- Photo-Electronic Hybrids Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 136-791, Korea
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402
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Guchhait A, Pal AJ. Copper-diffused AgInS2 ternary nanocrystals in hybrid bulk-heterojunction solar cells: near-infrared active nanophotovoltaics. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2013; 5:4181-4189. [PMID: 23656593 DOI: 10.1021/am400322a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We have grown copper-diffused AgInS2 ternary nanocrystals in order to introduce the nanoparticles in organic/inorganic bulk-heterojunction devices for photovoltaic applications. Here, copper diffuses to vacant sites and improves conductivity of the nanocrystals. Upon use of such copper-diffused nanoparticles that led to a decrease in internal resistance of sandwiched devices based on the bulk-heterojunction, there has been a marked improvement in short-circuit current under white light illumination. Due to a red-shift in the optical absorption spectrum of the nanoparticles upon copper diffusion, the devices moreover acted as near-infrared (IR) active photovoltaic solar cells. From current-voltage characteristics and impedance spectroscopy of the devices, we optimized performance of the photovoltaic devices. To do so, we have varied the content of diffused copper in AgInS2 nanoparticles and also the weight-ratio between the polymer and the nanoparticles of the hybrid bulk-heterojunction devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asim Guchhait
- Department of Solid State Physics, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
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403
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González-Pedro V, Sima C, Marzari G, Boix PP, Giménez S, Shen Q, Dittrich T, Mora-Seró I. High performance PbS Quantum Dot Sensitized Solar Cells exceeding 4% efficiency: the role of metal precursors in the electron injection and charge separation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:13835-43. [PMID: 23677043 DOI: 10.1039/c3cp51651b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Here we report the preparation of high performance Quantum Dot Sensitized Solar Cells (QDSCs) based on PbS-CdS co-sensitized nanoporous TiO2 electrodes. QDs were directly grown on the TiO2 mesostructure by the Successive Ionic Layer Absorption and Reaction (SILAR) technique. This method is characterized by a fast deposition rate which involves random crystal growth and poor control of the defect states and lattice mismatch in the QDs limiting the quality of the electrodes for photovoltaic applications. In this work we demonstrate that the nature of the metallic precursor selected for SILAR has an active role in both the QD's deposition rate and the defect's distribution in the material, with important consequences for the final photovoltaic performance of the device. For this purpose, acetate and nitrate salts were selected as metallic precursors for the SILAR deposition and films with similar absorption properties and consequently with similar density of photogenerated carriers were studied. Under these conditions, ultrafast carrier dynamics and surface photovoltage spectroscopy reveal that the use of acetate precursors leads to higher injection efficiency and lower internal recombination due to contribution from defect states. This was corroborated in a complete cell configuration with films sensitized with acetate precursors, achieving unprecedented photocurrents of ~22 mA cm(-2) and high power conversion efficiency exceeding 4%, under full 1 sun illumination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria González-Pedro
- Photovoltaic and Optoelectronic Devices Group, Departament de Física, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castelló, Spain
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404
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Ripolles-Sanchis T, Raga SR, Guerrero A, Welker M, Turbiez M, Bisquert J, Garcia-Belmonte G. Molecular Electronic Coupling Controls Charge Recombination Kinetics in Organic Solar Cells of Low Bandgap Diketopyrrolopyrrole, Carbazole, and Thiophene Polymers. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2013; 117:8719-8726. [PMID: 23662167 PMCID: PMC3646405 DOI: 10.1021/jp402751v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2013] [Revised: 04/02/2013] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Low-bandgap diketopyrrolopyrrole- and carbazole-based polymer bulk-heterojunction solar cells exhibit much faster charge carrier recombination kinetics than that encountered for less-recombining poly(3-hexylthiophene). Solar cells comprising these polymers exhibit energy losses caused by carrier recombination of approximately 100 mV, expressed as reduction in open-circuit voltage, and consequently photovoltaic conversion efficiency lowers in more than 20%. The analysis presented here unravels the origin of that energy loss by connecting the limiting mechanism governing recombination dynamics to the electronic coupling occurring at the donor polymer and acceptor fullerene interfaces. Previous approaches correlate carrier transport properties and recombination kinetics by means of Langevin-like mechanisms. However, neither carrier mobility nor polymer ionization energy helps understanding the variation of the recombination coefficient among the studied polymers. In the framework of the charge transfer Marcus theory, it is proposed that recombination time scale is linked with charge transfer molecular mechanisms at the polymer/fullerene interfaces. As expected for efficient organic solar cells, small electronic coupling existing between donor polymers and acceptor fullerene (Vif < 1 meV) and large reorganization energy (λ ≈ 0.7 eV) are encountered. Differences in the electronic coupling among polymer/fullerene blends suffice to explain the slowest recombination exhibited by poly(3-hexylthiophene)-based solar cells. Our approach reveals how to directly connect photovoltaic parameters as open-circuit voltage to molecular properties of blended materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Ripolles-Sanchis
- Photovoltaic and Optoelectronic
Devices Group, Departament de Física, Universitat Jaume I, ES-12071 Castelló,
Spain
| | - Sonia R. Raga
- Photovoltaic and Optoelectronic
Devices Group, Departament de Física, Universitat Jaume I, ES-12071 Castelló,
Spain
| | - Antonio Guerrero
- Photovoltaic and Optoelectronic
Devices Group, Departament de Física, Universitat Jaume I, ES-12071 Castelló,
Spain
| | - Matthias Welker
- BASF
Schweiz AG, Schwarzwaldallee 215, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mathieu Turbiez
- BASF
Schweiz AG, Schwarzwaldallee 215, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Juan Bisquert
- Photovoltaic and Optoelectronic
Devices Group, Departament de Física, Universitat Jaume I, ES-12071 Castelló,
Spain
| | - Germà Garcia-Belmonte
- Photovoltaic and Optoelectronic
Devices Group, Departament de Física, Universitat Jaume I, ES-12071 Castelló,
Spain
- E-mail:
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405
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de la Fuente MS, Sánchez RS, González-Pedro V, Boix PP, Mhaisalkar SG, Rincón ME, Bisquert J, Mora-Seró I. Effect of Organic and Inorganic Passivation in Quantum-Dot-Sensitized Solar Cells. J Phys Chem Lett 2013; 4:1519-25. [PMID: 26282308 DOI: 10.1021/jz400626r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The effect of semiconductor passivation on quantum-dot-sensitized solar cells (QDSCs) has been systematically characterized for CdS and CdS/ZnS. We have found that passivation strongly depends on the passivation agent, obtaining an enhancement of the solar cell efficiency for compounds containing amine and thiol groups and, in contrast, a decrease in performance for passivating agents with acid groups. Passivation can induce a change in the position of TiO2 conduction band and also in the recombination rate and nature, reflected in a change in the β parameter. Especially interesting is the finding that β, and consequently the fill factor can be increased with the passivation treatment. Applying this strategy, record cells of 4.65% efficiency for PbS-based QDSCs have been produced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio Solis de la Fuente
- †Instituto de Energías Renovables, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 34, Temixco, Mor., México 62580
| | - Rafael S Sánchez
- ‡Photovoltaic and Optoelectronic Devices Group, Departament de Física, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castelló, Spain
| | - Victoria González-Pedro
- ‡Photovoltaic and Optoelectronic Devices Group, Departament de Física, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castelló, Spain
| | - Pablo P Boix
- §Energy Research Institute @ NTU (ERI@N), Nanyang Technological University, Research Techno Plaza, RTP/XF-05 50 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637553
| | - S G Mhaisalkar
- §Energy Research Institute @ NTU (ERI@N), Nanyang Technological University, Research Techno Plaza, RTP/XF-05 50 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637553
| | - Marina E Rincón
- †Instituto de Energías Renovables, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 34, Temixco, Mor., México 62580
| | - Juan Bisquert
- ‡Photovoltaic and Optoelectronic Devices Group, Departament de Física, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castelló, Spain
| | - Iván Mora-Seró
- ‡Photovoltaic and Optoelectronic Devices Group, Departament de Física, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castelló, Spain
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406
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Xu X, Wang H, Gong F, Zhou G, Wang ZS. Performance enhancement of dye-sensitized solar cells using an ester-functionalized imidazolium iodide as the solid state electrolyte. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2013; 5:3219-3223. [PMID: 23506533 DOI: 10.1021/am4002293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Linking an ester group to the imidazolium ring has been demonstrated to improve solar cell performance in terms of short-circuit photocurrent (Jsc), open-circuit photovoltage (Voc), and fill factor (FF) in particular, when the imidazolium iodide mixed with iodine and LiI is used as a solid state electrolyte of dye-sensitized solar cells. Herein, the effect of ester group on solar cell performance has been investigated by means of intensity modulated photocurrent/photovoltage and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. From the alkyl- to ester-functionalized imidazolium iodide, the increase in Jsc is attributed to the increased charge collection efficiency due to the enhanced conductivity, the increase in Voc is caused by the upward shift of conduction band edge of TiO2, which compensates for the voltage loss arising from the higher charge recombination rate, and the remarkable increase in FF is attributed to the decreased series resistance along with the increased Voc and decreased diode quality factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Lab of Advanced Materials, Fudan University, 2205 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, PR China
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407
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Improving the photovoltaic performance of cadmium sulfide quantum dots-sensitized solar cell by graphene/titania photoanode. Electrochim Acta 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2013.02.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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408
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Dualeh A, Moehl T, Nazeeruddin MK, Grätzel M. Temperature dependence of transport properties of spiro-MeOTAD as a hole transport material in solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells. ACS NANO 2013; 7:2292-2301. [PMID: 23444960 DOI: 10.1021/nn4005473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The internal transport and recombination parameters of solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells (ssDSCs) using the amorphous organic semiconductor 2,2',7,7'-tetrakis(N,N-di-p-methoxyphenylamine)-9,9'-spirobifluorene (spiro-MeOTAD) as a hole transport material (HTM) are investigated using electrical impedance spectroscopy. Devices were fabricated using flat and nanostructured TiO2 and compared to systems using nanostructured ZrO2 to differentiate between the transport processes within the different components of the ssDSC. The effect of chemically p-doping the HTM on its transport was investigated, and its temperature dependence was examined and analyzed using the Arrhenius equation. Using this approach the activation energy of the hole hopping transport within the undoped spiro-MeOTAD film was determined to be 0.34 ± 0.02 and 0.40 ± 0.02 eV for the mesoporous TiO2 and ZrO2 systems, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amalie Dualeh
- Laboratory of Photonics and Interfaces, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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409
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Garcia-Belmonte G, Guerrero A, Bisquert J. Elucidating Operating Modes of Bulk-Heterojunction Solar Cells from Impedance Spectroscopy Analysis. J Phys Chem Lett 2013; 4:877-86. [PMID: 26291350 DOI: 10.1021/jz302064z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
We discuss the progress and challenges in the application of impedance spectroscopy analysis to determine key processes and parameters in organic bulk-heterojunction solar cells. When carrier transport or outer interface extraction do not severely influence the solar cell performance, a simple method to quantify the open-circuit voltage loss caused by the kinetics of charge carrier recombination is provided, based on the determination of chemical capacitance and recombination resistance. This easily allows distinguishing between energetic and kinetic effects on photovoltage, and establishes a benchmark for the performance comparison of a set of different cells. A brief discussion of impedance analysis in the much less studied case of collection-limited solar cells is introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Germà Garcia-Belmonte
- Photovoltaic and Optoelectronic Devices Group, Departament de Física, Universitat Jaume I, ES-12071 Castelló, Spain
| | - Antonio Guerrero
- Photovoltaic and Optoelectronic Devices Group, Departament de Física, Universitat Jaume I, ES-12071 Castelló, Spain
| | - Juan Bisquert
- Photovoltaic and Optoelectronic Devices Group, Departament de Física, Universitat Jaume I, ES-12071 Castelló, Spain
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410
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Liu Y, Jennings JR, Zakeeruddin SM, Grätzel M, Wang Q. Heterogeneous Electron Transfer from Dye-Sensitized Nanocrystalline TiO2 to [Co(bpy)3]3+: Insights Gained from Impedance Spectroscopy. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:3939-52. [DOI: 10.1021/ja311743m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yeru Liu
- Department
of Materials Science
and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, NUSNNI-NanoCore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576
| | - James R. Jennings
- Department
of Materials Science
and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, NUSNNI-NanoCore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576
| | - Shaik M. Zakeeruddin
- Laboratory of Photonics and Interfaces,
Institute of Chemical Science and Engineering, Faculty of Basic Science, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michael Grätzel
- Laboratory of Photonics and Interfaces,
Institute of Chemical Science and Engineering, Faculty of Basic Science, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Qing Wang
- Department
of Materials Science
and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, NUSNNI-NanoCore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576
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411
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Chen L, Li X, Ying W, Zhang X, Guo F, Li J, Hua J. 5,6-Bis(octyloxy)benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole-Bridged Dyes for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells with High Open-Circuit Voltage Performance. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201201424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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412
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Jiang WT, Wu CT, Sung YH, Wu JJ. Room-temperature fast construction of outperformed ZnO nanoarchitectures on nanowire-array templates for dye-sensitized solar cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2013; 5:911-917. [PMID: 23298289 DOI: 10.1021/am302570r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A ZnO nanoarchitecture composed of nanocactus (NCs) and nanosheets (NSs) is constructed on the ZnO-nanowire (NW)-array template within 4 min by a facile room-temperature (RT) chemical bath deposition (CBD) for use in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). Compared to the ZnO NW array, the spines and shells of NCs provide larger and more fitting surface for dye adsorption. The NSs developed on the top and side walls of the NWs afford the additional surface for dye adsorption as well as for light scattering. Moreover, the RT-grown ZnO nanostructures possess an upward-shifted conduction band edge and a fast electron transport rate compared to the primary ZnO NW array. With an anode thickness of 9 μm, an efficiency of 5.14% is therefore simply attained in the D149-sensitized ZnO NC-NS DSSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ting Jiang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
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413
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Kim H, Jeong H, An TK, Park CE, Yong K. Hybrid-type quantum-dot cosensitized ZnO nanowire solar cell with enhanced visible-light harvesting. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2013; 5:268-75. [PMID: 23231810 DOI: 10.1021/am301960h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A polymer hybrid quantum-dot-sensitized solar cell was developed using CdSe/CdS/ZnO nanowires as a photoanode and regioregular P3HT as a conjugated polymer. The P3HT polymer was used as a hole transport material to replace the liquid electrolyte in quantum dot sensitized solar cells, CdSe/CdS acts as a cosensitizer, which enhances light harvesting in the visible range, and the ZnO nanowires provide a direct pathway for electron transport. Through an adequate cascade bandgap structure of the photoanode, the photoexcited electrons were effectively separated from the electron/hole pairs and transported under illumination. The remaining holes at the anode were transported by the conjugated polymer P3HT without any intermediate potential loss. The fabrication of the hybrid solar cell was optimized with various experimental conditions, including the length of the ZnO nanowires, quantum sensitizers, P3HT filling conditions, and electrolytes. The optimally obtained hybrid solar cells exhibited 1.5% power-conversion efficiency under AM 1.5G of 100 mW/cm(2) intensity. The fabricated hybrid cells exhibited highly durable cell performances, even after 1 month under atmospheric conditions, whereas the liquid junction quantum dot sensitized solar cells exhibited a significant degradation in their performances during the first 2 weeks immediately after fabrication. High open-circuit voltage and fill factor values of our hybrid quantum-dot-sensitized solar cell indicate that the applied hole transport layer efficiently dissociates electron/hole pairs at the interface and retards the interfacial charge recombination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heejin Kim
- Surface Chemistry Laboratory of Electronic Materials (SCHEMA), Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 790-784, Korea
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414
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Trevisan R, Rodenas P, Gonzalez-Pedro V, Sima C, Sanchez RS, Barea EM, Mora-Sero I, Fabregat-Santiago F, Gimenez S. Harnessing Infrared Photons for Photoelectrochemical Hydrogen Generation. A PbS Quantum Dot Based "Quasi-Artificial Leaf". J Phys Chem Lett 2013; 4:141-6. [PMID: 26291226 DOI: 10.1021/jz301890m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen generation by using quantum dot (QD) based heterostructures has emerged as a promising strategy to develop artificial photosynthesis devices. In the present study, we sensitize mesoporous TiO2 electrodes with in-situ-deposited PbS/CdS QDs, aiming at harvesting light in both the visible and the near-infrared for hydrogen generation. This heterostructure exhibits a remarkable photocurrent of 6 mA·cm(-2), leading to 60 mL·cm(-2)·day(-1) hydrogen generation. Most importantly, confirmation of the contribution of infrared photons to H2 generation was provided by the incident-photon-to-current-efficiency (IPCE), and the integrated current was in excellent agreement with that obtained through cyclic voltammetry. The main electronic processes (accumulation, transport, and recombination) were identified by impedance spectroscopy, which appears as a simple and reliable methodology to evaluate the limiting factors of these photoelectrodes. On the basis of this TiO2/PbS/CdS heterostructrure, a "quasi-artificial leaf" has been developed, which has proven to produce hydrogen under simulated solar illumination at (4.30 ± 0.25) mL·cm(-2)·day(-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Trevisan
- †Photovoltaics and Optoelectronic Devices Group, Departament de Física, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castelló, Spain
| | - Pau Rodenas
- †Photovoltaics and Optoelectronic Devices Group, Departament de Física, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castelló, Spain
| | - Victoria Gonzalez-Pedro
- †Photovoltaics and Optoelectronic Devices Group, Departament de Física, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castelló, Spain
| | - Cornelia Sima
- †Photovoltaics and Optoelectronic Devices Group, Departament de Física, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castelló, Spain
- ‡National Institute of Lasers, Plasma and Radiation Physics, Atomistilor 409 Street, P.O. Box MG 36 Bucharest-Magurele, 077125 Romania
- §Faculty of Physics, University of Bucharest, Atomistilor 405 Street, MG-11 Bucharest-Magurele, 077125 Romania
| | - Rafael S Sanchez
- †Photovoltaics and Optoelectronic Devices Group, Departament de Física, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castelló, Spain
| | - Eva M Barea
- †Photovoltaics and Optoelectronic Devices Group, Departament de Física, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castelló, Spain
| | - Ivan Mora-Sero
- †Photovoltaics and Optoelectronic Devices Group, Departament de Física, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castelló, Spain
| | - Francisco Fabregat-Santiago
- †Photovoltaics and Optoelectronic Devices Group, Departament de Física, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castelló, Spain
| | - Sixto Gimenez
- †Photovoltaics and Optoelectronic Devices Group, Departament de Física, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castelló, Spain
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415
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Tagliaferro R, Gentilini D, Mastroianni S, Zampetti A, Gagliardi A, Brown TM, Reale A, Di Carlo A. Integrated tandem dye solar cells. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra43380c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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416
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Margulis GY, Lim B, Hardin BE, Unger EL, Yum JH, Feckl JM, Fattakhova-Rohlfing D, Bein T, Grätzel M, Sellinger A, McGehee MD. Highly soluble energy relay dyes for dye-sensitized solar cells. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:11306-12. [PMID: 23733016 DOI: 10.1039/c3cp51018b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- George Y Margulis
- Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, McCullough Building, 476 Lomita Mall, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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417
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Zhang XL, Huang F, Chen Y, Cheng YB, Amal R. An over 10% enhancement of dye-sensitized solar cell efficiency by tuning nanoparticle packing. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra42418a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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418
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Aribia KB, Moehl T, Zakeeruddin SM, Grätzel M. Tridentate cobalt complexes as alternative redox couples for high-efficiency dye-sensitized solar cells. Chem Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c2sc21401f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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419
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Zhang Y, Cao K, Zhu X, Li X, Qiao X, Tu G, Zhang B, Huang D, Shen Y, Wang M. Effect of the molecular weight of poly(3-hexylthiophene) on the performance of solid-state dye-sensitized solar cells. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra41384e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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420
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Braga A, Baratto C, Colombi P, Bontempi E, Salvinelli G, Drera G, Sangaletti L. An ultrathin TiO2 blocking layer on Cd stannate as highly efficient front contact for dye-sensitized solar cells. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:16812-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp52250d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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421
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Tan H, Pan C, Wang G, Wu Y, Zhang Y, Chen X, Zou Y, Yu G, Zhang M. Synthesis and characterization of conjugated polymers with main-chain donors and pendent acceptors for dye-sensitized solar cells. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra42161a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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422
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423
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Liu Y, Jennings JR, Wang X, Wang Q. Significant performance improvement in dye-sensitized solar cells employing cobalt(iii/ii) tris-bipyridyl redox mediators by co-grafting alkyl phosphonic acids with a ruthenium sensitizer. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:6170-4. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp50998b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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424
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Raga SR, Fabregat-Santiago F. Temperature effects in dye-sensitized solar cells. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:2328-36. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cp43220j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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425
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Yang J, Kim JY, Yu JH, Ahn TY, Lee H, Choi TS, Kim YW, Joo J, Ko MJ, Hyeon T. Copper–indium–selenide quantum dot-sensitized solar cells. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:20517-25. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp54270j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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426
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Stergiopoulos T, Konstantakou M, Falaras P. Dye solar cells combining a TiO2 surface-blocking organic sensitizer and solvent-free ionic liquid-based redox electrolyte. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra42506a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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427
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Bisquert J, Marcus RA. Device Modeling of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2013; 352:325-95. [DOI: 10.1007/128_2013_471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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428
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Marszalek M, Nagane S, Ichake A, Humphry-Baker R, Paul V, Zakeeruddin SM, Grätzel M. Structural variations of D–π–A dyes influence on the photovoltaic performance of dye-sensitized solar cells. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra22249g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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429
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Guerrero A, Loser S, Garcia-Belmonte G, Bruns CJ, Smith J, Miyauchi H, Stupp SI, Bisquert J, Marks TJ. Solution-processed small molecule:fullerene bulk-heterojunction solar cells: impedance spectroscopy deduced bulk and interfacial limits to fill-factors. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:16456-62. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp52363b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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430
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Maggio E, Martsinovich N, Troisi A. Theoretical study of charge recombination at the TiO2-electrolyte interface in dye sensitised solar cells. J Chem Phys 2012; 137:22A508. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4737101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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431
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Kirchartz T, Agostinelli T, Campoy-Quiles M, Gong W, Nelson J. Understanding the Thickness-Dependent Performance of Organic Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells: The Influence of Mobility, Lifetime, and Space Charge. J Phys Chem Lett 2012; 3:3470-3475. [PMID: 26290974 DOI: 10.1021/jz301639y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the reasons for the dependence of photovoltaic performance on the absorber thickness of organic solar cells using experiments and drift-diffusion simulations. The main trend in photocurrent and fill factor versus thickness is determined by mobility and lifetime of the charge carriers. In addition, space charge becomes more and more important the thicker the device is because it creates field free regions with low collection efficiency. The two main sources of space-charge effects are doping and asymmetric mobilities. We show that for our experimental results on Si-PCPDTBT:PC71BM (poly[(4,40-bis(2-ethylhexyl)dithieno[3,2-b:20,30-d]silole)-2,6-diyl-alt-(4,7-bis(2-thienyl)-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole)-5,50-diyl]:[6,6]-phenyl C71-butyric acid methyl ester) solar cells, the influence of doping is most likely the dominant influence on the space charge and has an important effect on the thickness dependence of performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Kirchartz
- †Department of Physics and Centre for Plastic Electronics, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Tiziano Agostinelli
- †Department of Physics and Centre for Plastic Electronics, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | | | - Wei Gong
- †Department of Physics and Centre for Plastic Electronics, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
- §Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Optical Information, Ministry of Education and Institute of Optoelectronics Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, People's Republic of China
| | - Jenny Nelson
- †Department of Physics and Centre for Plastic Electronics, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
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432
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A comparative study of charge transport in quasi-solid state dye-sensitized solar cells using polymer or nanocomposite gel electrolytes. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2012.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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433
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Song X, Wang M, Shi Y, Deng J, Yang Z, Yao X. In situ hydrothermal growth of CdSe(S) nanocrystals on mesoporous TiO2 films for quantum dot-sensitized solar cells. Electrochim Acta 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2012.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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434
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Chen XY, Ling T, Du XW. Low-temperature synthesis of ZnO/CdS hierarchical nanostructure for photovoltaic application. NANOSCALE 2012; 4:5602-5607. [PMID: 22743779 DOI: 10.1039/c2nr31018j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Hierarchical nanostructures involving primary wide-band-gap nanowires and secondary narrow-band-gap branches are promising for photovoltaic application due to their excellent properties for light harvesting and fast carrier transport. In the present work, we developed a low-temperature process for facile synthesis of ZnO/CdS hierarchical nanowires, where the primary ZnO nanowires were first prepared via a hydrothermal route and then the secondary single-crystal CdS tips were grown on the ZnO nanowires by electrochemical deposition. The as-grown hierarchical ZnO/CdS nanowires are superior in charge separation as well as carrier transport, thus achieving higher open circuit voltage, short circuit current and final conversion efficiency than the common coaxial nanocables with CdS nanocrystal shell on core ZnO nanowires.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Yan Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China
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435
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Photocurrent enhancement in dye-sensitized photovoltaic devices with titania–graphene composite electrodes. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2012.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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436
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Mao J, He N, Ning Z, Zhang Q, Guo F, Chen L, Wu W, Hua J, Tian H. Stable Dyes Containing Double Acceptors without COOH as Anchors for Highly Efficient Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201204948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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437
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Mao J, He N, Ning Z, Zhang Q, Guo F, Chen L, Wu W, Hua J, Tian H. Stable Dyes Containing Double Acceptors without COOH as Anchors for Highly Efficient Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:9873-6. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201204948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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438
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Seo JH, Kim DH, Kwon SH, Song M, Choi MS, Ryu SY, Lee HW, Park YC, Kwon JD, Nam KS, Jeong Y, Kang JW, Kim CS. High efficiency inorganic/organic hybrid tandem solar cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2012; 24:4523-4527. [PMID: 22807214 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201201419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2012] [Revised: 06/12/2012] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid tandem solar cells comprising an inorganic bottom cell and an organic top cell have been designed and fabricated. The interlayer combination and thickness matching were optimized in order to increase the overall photovoltaic conversion efficiency. A maximum power conversion efficiency of 5.72% was achieved along with a V(oc) of 1.42 V, reaching as high as 92% of the sum of the subcell V(oc) values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hoon Seo
- Advanced Functional Thin Films Department, Korea Institute of Materials Science. Changwon, 641-831, Republic of Korea; National Core Research Center for Hybrid Materials Solution, Pusan National University, Busan, 609-735, Republic of Korea
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439
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Kim HS, Lee CR, Im JH, Lee KB, Moehl T, Marchioro A, Moon SJ, Humphry-Baker R, Yum JH, Moser JE, Grätzel M, Park NG. Lead iodide perovskite sensitized all-solid-state submicron thin film mesoscopic solar cell with efficiency exceeding 9%. Sci Rep 2012; 2:591. [PMID: 22912919 PMCID: PMC3423636 DOI: 10.1038/srep00591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2533] [Impact Index Per Article: 211.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2012] [Accepted: 08/06/2012] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
We report on solid-state mesoscopic heterojunction solar cells employing nanoparticles (NPs) of methyl ammonium lead iodide (CH3NH3)PbI3 as light harvesters. The perovskite NPs were produced by reaction of methylammonium iodide with PbI2 and deposited onto a submicron-thick mesoscopic TiO2 film, whose pores were infiltrated with the hole-conductor spiro-MeOTAD. Illumination with standard AM-1.5 sunlight generated large photocurrents (JSC) exceeding 17 mA/cm2, an open circuit photovoltage (VOC) of 0.888 V and a fill factor (FF) of 0.62 yielding a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 9.7%, the highest reported to date for such cells. Femto second laser studies combined with photo-induced absorption measurements showed charge separation to proceed via hole injection from the excited (CH3NH3)PbI3 NPs into the spiro-MeOTAD followed by electron transfer to the mesoscopic TiO2 film. The use of a solid hole conductor dramatically improved the device stability compared to (CH3NH3)PbI3 -sensitized liquid junction cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Seon Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering and Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea
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440
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Abbotto A, Coluccini C, Dell'Orto E, Manfredi N, Trifiletti V, Salamone MM, Ruffo R, Acciarri M, Colombo A, Dragonetti C, Ordanini S, Roberto D, Valore A. Thiocyanate-free cyclometalated ruthenium sensitizers for solar cells based on heteroaromatic-substituted 2-arylpyridines. Dalton Trans 2012; 41:11731-8. [PMID: 22903073 DOI: 10.1039/c2dt31551c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The first examples of thiocyanate-free thiophene-substituted Ru(II) cyclometalated complexes, based on thiophene-derived 2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)pyridine ligands, are presented and investigated as photosensitizers in DSCs. Upon thiophene substitution the complexes presented enhanced optical properties compared to the reference dye with no thiophene substitution. DSCs based on the dithienyl-derived dye showed power conversion efficiencies up to 5.7%, more than twice that containing the complex without the thiophene substitution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Abbotto
- Milano-Bicocca Solar Energy Research Center - MIB-Solar, Department of Materials Science, Via Cozzi 53, I-20125, Milano, Italy.
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441
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Yang Z, Gao S, Li T, Liu FQ, Ren Y, Xu T. Enhanced electron extraction from template-free 3D nanoparticulate transparent conducting oxide (TCO) electrodes for dye-sensitized solar cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2012; 4:4419-4427. [PMID: 22834639 DOI: 10.1021/am301090a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The semiconducting metal oxide-based photoanodes in the most efficient dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) desires a low doping level to promote charge separation, which, however, limits the subsequent electron extraction in the slow diffusion regime. These conflicts are mitigated in a new photoanode design that decouples the charge separation and extraction functions. A three-dimensional highly doped fluorinated SnO(2) (FTO) nanoparticulate film serves as conductive core for low-resistance and drift-assisted charge extraction while a thin, low-doped conformal TiO(2) shell maintains a large resistance to recombination (and therefore long charge lifetime). EIS reveals that the electron transit time is reduced by orders of magnitude, whereas the recombination resistance remains in the range of traditional nanoparticle TiO(2) photoelectrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Illinois University, Dekalb, Illinois 60115, United States
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442
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Ying W, Guo F, Li J, Zhang Q, Wu W, Tian H, Hua J. Series of new D-A-π-A organic broadly absorbing sensitizers containing isoindigo unit for highly efficient dye-sensitized solar cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2012; 4:4215-4224. [PMID: 22817332 DOI: 10.1021/am300925e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In this work, six new D-A-π-A sensitizers (ID1-ID6), with triarylamine as the electron donor; isoindigo as a auxiliary electron withdrawing unit; thiophene, furan, and benzene as the linker; and cyanoacrylic acid as the anchoring group, were synthesized through simple synthetic procedures and with low cost. Their absorption spectra were broad with long wavelength absorption maximum approximately at 589 nm and the absorption onset at 720 nm on the TiO(2) film. Electrochemical experiments indicate that the HOMO and LUMO energy levels can be conveniently tuned by alternating the donor moiety and the linker. All of these dyes performed as sensitizers for the DSSCs test under AM 1.5 similar experimental conditions, and a maximum overall conversion efficiency of 5.98% (J(sc) = 14.77 mA cm(-2), V(oc) = 644 mV, ff = 0.63) is obtained for ID6-based DSSCs when TiO(2) films were first immersed for 6 h in 20 mM CDCA ethanol solution followed by 12 h of dipping in the dye CH(2)Cl(2) solution. Electrochemical impedance measurement data implies that the electron lifetime can be increased by coadsorption of CDCA, which leads to a lower rate of charge recombination and thus improved V(oc).
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijiang Ying
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, P.R. China
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443
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Li LL, Chang YC, Wu HP, Diau EWG. Characterisation of electron transport and charge recombination using temporally resolved and frequency-domain techniques for dye-sensitised solar cells. INT REV PHYS CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/0144235x.2012.733539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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444
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Samadpour M, Giménez S, Boix PP, Shen Q, Calvo ME, Taghavinia N, zad AI, Toyoda T, Míguez H, Mora-Seró I. Effect of nanostructured electrode architecture and semiconductor deposition strategy on the photovoltaic performance of quantum dot sensitized solar cells. Electrochim Acta 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2012.04.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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445
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Jankulovska M, Berger T, Wong SS, Gómez R, Lana-Villarreal T. Trap States in TiO2 Films Made of Nanowires, Nanotubes or Nanoparticles: An Electrochemical Study. Chemphyschem 2012; 13:3008-17. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201200072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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446
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Raga SR, Barea EM, Fabregat-Santiago F. Analysis of the Origin of Open Circuit Voltage in Dye Solar Cells. J Phys Chem Lett 2012; 3:1629-34. [PMID: 26285719 DOI: 10.1021/jz3005464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Changes in the composition of the electrolyte are known to affect the parameters that determine the performance of dye solar cells. This paper describes a robust method for the analysis of the photovoltage in dye solar cells. The method focuses on the study of recombination resistance and chemical capacitance of TiO2 obtained from impedance spectroscopy. Four dye solar cells with electrolytes producing known effects on photovoltage behavior have been studied. Effects of conduction band shifts and changes in recombination rate in the photovoltage have been evaluated quantitatively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia R Raga
- Photovoltaics and Optoelectronic Devices Group, Departament de Física, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castelló, Spain
| | - Eva M Barea
- Photovoltaics and Optoelectronic Devices Group, Departament de Física, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castelló, Spain
| | - Francisco Fabregat-Santiago
- Photovoltaics and Optoelectronic Devices Group, Departament de Física, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castelló, Spain
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447
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Liu G, Ji S, Xu G, Ye C. Interface engineering: Boosting the energy conversion efficiencies for nanostructured solar cells. PURE APPL CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.1351/pac-con-11-11-05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Nanostructured solar cells have attracted increasing attention in recent years because their low cost and ease of preparation offer unique advantages and opportunities unavailable with conventional single-crystalline solar cells. The efficiencies of this kind of solar cell largely depend on the interfacial structure owing to the large specific interface areas and the inherent high density of interface states. In this review article, strategies of interface engineering will be introduced in detail. The up-to-date progress and understanding of interface engineering and its role in influencing the efficiency of nanostructured solar cells will be discussed. Some of the representative examples of the interface engineering method will be presented wherever necessary. Continued boosting of the energy conversion efficiency for nanostructured solar cells is anticipated in the coming years and will bring this kind of solar cell to the status of commercialization.
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448
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Montero JM, Bisquert J. Features of Capacitance and Mobility of Injected Carriers in Organic Layers Measured by Impedance Spectroscopy. Isr J Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201100109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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449
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Enhancing the solar cell efficiency through pristine 1-dimentional SnO2 nanostructures: Comparison of charge transport and carrier lifetime of SnO2 particles vs. nanorods. Electrochim Acta 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2012.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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450
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Pan Z, Zhang H, Cheng K, Hou Y, Hua J, Zhong X. Highly efficient inverted type-I CdS/CdSe core/shell structure QD-sensitized solar cells. ACS NANO 2012; 6:3982-91. [PMID: 22509717 DOI: 10.1021/nn300278z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Presynthesized high-quality CdS/CdSe inverted type-I core/shell structure QDs have been deposited onto TiO(2) electrodes after first coating with bifunctional linker molecules, mercaptopropionic acid (MPA), and the resulting quantum dot sensitized solar cells (QDSCs) exhibited record conversion efficiency of 5.32% (V(oc) = 0.527 V, J(sc) = 18.02 mA/cm(2), FF = 0.56) under simulated AM 1.5, 100 mW cm(-2) illumination. CdS/CdSe QDs with different CdSe shell thicknesses and different corresponding absorption onsets were prepared via the well-developed organometallic high-temperature injection method. MPA-capped water-dispersible QDs were then obtained via ligand exchange from the initial organic ligand capped oil-dispersible QDs. The QD-sensitized TiO(2) electrodes were facilely prepared by pipetting the MPA-capped CdS/CdSe QD aqueous solution onto the TiO(2) film, followed by a covering process with a ZnS layer and a postsintering process at 300 °C. Polysulfide electrolyte and Cu(2)S counterelectrode were used to provide higher photocurrents and fill factors of the constructed cell devices. The characteristics of these QDSCs were studied in more detail by optical measurements, incidental photo-to-current efficiency measurements, and impedance spectroscopy. With the combination of the modified deposition technique with use of linker molecule MPA-capped water-soluble QDs and well-developed inverted type-I core/shell structure of the sensitizer together with the sintering treatment of QD-bound TiO(2) electrodes, the resulting CdS/CdSe-sensitized solar cells show a record photovoltaic performance with a conversion efficiency of 5.32%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenxiao Pan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Functional Materials Chemistry, Institute of Applied Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
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