Pasteurella pseudotuberculosis. Acute sepsis with survival

Yersinia pseudotuberculosis bloodstream infection and septic arthritis: case report and review of the literature

Yersinia pseudotuberculosis belongs to the family Enterobacteriaceae and is known to cause enterocolitis, terminal ileitis, pseudoappendicitis, erythema nodosum, reactive polyarthritis, and, occasionally, bloodstream infections. Here, we report the first case of bacteremia and septic arthritis in a patient without obvious risk factors and review all of the published cases of Y. pseudotuberculosis bloodstream infections.

Regulation of iron metabolism by hepcidin

Hepcidin, a peptide hormone made in the liver, is the principal regulator of systemic iron homeostasis. Hepcidin controls plasma iron concentration and tissue distribution of iron by inhibiting intestinal iron absorption, iron recycling by macrophages, and iron mobilization from hepatic stores. Hepcidin acts by inhibiting cellular iron efflux through binding to and inducing the degradation of ferroportin, the sole known cellular iron exporter. Synthesis of hepcidin is homeostatically increased by iron loading and decreased by anemia and hypoxia. Hepcidin is also elevated during infections and inflammation, causing a decrease in serum iron levels and contributing to the development of anemia of inflammation, probably as a host defense mechanism to limit the availability of iron to invading microorganisms. At the opposite side of the spectrum, hepcidin deficiency appears to be the ultimate cause of most forms of hemochromatosis, either due to mutations in the hepcidin gene itself or due to mutations in the regulators of hepcidin synthesis. The emergence of hepcidin as the pathogenic factor in most systemic iron disorders should provide important opportunities for improving their diagnosis and treatment.

Haemochromatosis and aldosterone deficiency presenting with Yersinia pseudotuberculosis septicaemia

A 50 year old man presented with a pyrexial illness following a holiday abroad. Yersinia pseudotuberculosis was isolated from blood culture. Response to appropriate antibiotic therapy was prompt and complete, but full recovery was complicated by an episode of hyperkalaemia, hyponatraemia and the passing of large volumes of dilute urine. Three years previously he had developed diabetes mellitus and hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism. Investigation on recovery showed underlying haemochromatosis and aldosterone deficiency.