1
|
Bakhuizen JJ, van Dijk F, Koudijs MJ, Bladergroen RS, Bon SBB, Hopman SMJ, Kester LA, Kranendonk MEG, Loeffen JLC, Smetsers SE, Sonneveld E, Tachdjian M, de Vos-Kerkhof E, Goudie C, Merks JHM, Kuiper RP, Jongmans MCJ. Comparison of clinical selection-based genetic testing with phenotype-agnostic extensive germline sequencing to diagnose genetic predisposition in children with cancer: a prospective diagnostic study. THE LANCET. CHILD & ADOLESCENT HEALTH 2024:S2352-4642(24)00144-5. [PMID: 39159644 DOI: 10.1016/s2352-4642(24)00144-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Germline data have become widely available in paediatric oncology since the introduction of paired tumour-germline sequencing. To guide best practice in cancer predisposition syndrome (CPS) diagnostics, we aimed to assess the diagnostic yield of extensive germline analysis compared with clinical selection-based genetic testing among all children with cancer. METHODS In this prospective diagnostic study, all children (aged 0-19 years) with newly diagnosed neoplasms treated in the Netherlands national centre, the Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology (Utrecht, Netherlands), between June 1, 2020, and July 31, 2022, were offered two approaches to identify CPSs. In a phenotype-driven approach, paediatric oncologists used the McGill Interactive Pediatric OncoGenetic Guidelines tool to select children for referral to a clinical geneticist, and for genetic testing. In a phenotype-agnostic approach, CPS gene panel sequencing (143 genes) was offered to all children. In children declining the research CPS gene panel, 49 CPS genes were still analysed as part of routine diagnostics by the pathologist. Children with a causative CPS identified before neoplasm diagnosis were excluded. The primary objective was to compare the number and type of patients diagnosed with a CPS between the two approaches. FINDINGS 1052 children were eligible for this study, of whom 733 (70%) completed both the phenotype-driven approach and received phenotype-agnostic CPS gene panel sequencing (143 genes n=600; 49 genes n=133). In 53 children, a CPS was identified: 14 (26%) were diagnosed by the phenotype-driven approach only, 22 (42%) by CPS gene sequencing only, and 17 (32%) by both approaches. In 27 (51%) of the 53 children, the identified CPS was considered causative for the child's neoplasm. Only one (4%) of the 27 causative CPSs was missed by the phenotype-driven approach and was identified solely by phenotype-agnostic CPS gene sequencing. In 26 (49%) children, a CPS with uncertain causality was identified, including 14 adult-onset CPSs. The CPSs with uncertain causality were mainly detected by the phenotype-agnostic approach (21 [81%] of 26). INTERPRETATION Phenotype-driven genetic testing and phenotype-agnostic CPS gene panel sequencing were complementary. The phenotype-driven approach identified the most causative CPSs. CPS gene panel sequencing identified additional CPSs, many of those with uncertain causality, but some with clinical utility. We advise clinical evaluation for CPSs in all children with neoplasms. Phenotype-agnostic testing of all CPS genes is preferably conducted only in research settings and should be paired with counseling. FUNDING Stichting Kinderen Kankervrij.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jette J Bakhuizen
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands; Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Freerk van Dijk
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Marco J Koudijs
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | | | | | - Saskia M J Hopman
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Lennart A Kester
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | | | - Jan L C Loeffen
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | | | - Edwin Sonneveld
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Melissa Tachdjian
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Child Health and Human Development Program, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Catherine Goudie
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Child Health and Human Development Program, Montreal, QC, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology-Oncology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Johannes H M Merks
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands; Division of Imaging and Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Roland P Kuiper
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands; Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Marjolijn C J Jongmans
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands; Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hu B, Kirkey D, Wakeling A, McGuinness M, Kreimer S, Crane J, Spunt SL. Opportunities for Improving Detection of Cancer Predisposition Syndromes in Pediatric Solid Tumor Patients. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2024; 46:311-318. [PMID: 38884491 DOI: 10.1097/mph.0000000000002897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Detection of cancer predisposition syndromes (CPS) depends on identifying risk factors, including tumor type, family history, and physical findings, to prompt referral for genetic counseling/testing. Whether pediatric oncology providers (POPs) collect adequate family history information is unknown. METHODS A single-institution retrospective chart review of solid tumor patients <18 years of age referred for a CPS evaluation between January 1, 2017 and January 31, 2019 was performed. POP adherence to American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) family history collection recommendations was measured and compared with genetic counselor performance. Whether sufficient family history was documented to satisfy the criteria of three genetic counseling referral guidelines [American College of Medical Genetics (ACMG), updated Jongmans (UJ), and McGill Interactive Pediatric OncoGenetic Guidelines (MIPOGG)] was evaluated. RESULTS POPs and genetic counselors achieved all 6 ASCO family history metrics in 3% and 99% of 129 eligible cases, respectively. POPs failed to document sufficient family history to satisfy genetic counseling referral criteria in most cases (74% ACMG, 73% UJ, 79% MIPOGG). CONCLUSIONS POPs perform poorly in family history collection, raising concern that some patients at risk for a CPS based on their family history may not be referred for genetic counseling/testing. Interventions to improve family history collection are needed to enhance CPS detection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Hu
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine
| | - Danielle Kirkey
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine
| | - Adrienne Wakeling
- Bass Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, Stanford Medicine Children's Health, Palo Alto, CA
| | - Molly McGuinness
- Bass Center for Childhood Cancer and Blood Diseases, Stanford Medicine Children's Health, Palo Alto, CA
| | - Sara Kreimer
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine
| | - Jacquelyn Crane
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine
| | - Sheri L Spunt
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Rios JD, Simbulan F, Reichman L, Caswell K, Tachdjian M, Malkin D, Cotton C, Nathan PC, Goudie C, Pechlivanoglou P. Cost-effectiveness of the McGill interactive pediatric oncogenetic guidelines in identifying Li-Fraumeni syndrome in female patients with osteosarcoma. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2024; 71:e31077. [PMID: 38783403 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.31077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Li-Fraumeni syndrome (LFS) is a penetrant cancer predisposition syndrome (CPS) associated with the development of many tumor types in young people including osteosarcoma and breast cancer (BC). The McGill Interactive Pediatric OncoGenetic Guidelines (MIPOGG) decision-support tool provides a standardized approach to identify patients at risk of CPSs. METHODS We conducted a cost-utility analysis, from the healthcare payer perspective, to compare MIPOGG-guided, physician-guided, and universal genetic testing strategies to detect LFS in female patients diagnosed at an age of less than 18 years with osteosarcoma. We developed a decision tree and discrete-event simulation model to simulate the clinical and cost outcomes of the three genetic referral strategies on a cohort of female children diagnosed with osteosarcoma, especially focused on BC as subsequent cancer. Outcomes included BC incidence, quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs), healthcare costs, and incremental cost-utility ratios (ICURs). We conducted probabilistic and scenario analyses to assess the uncertainty surrounding model parameters. RESULTS Compared to the physician-guided testing, the MIPOGG-guided strategy was marginally more expensive by $105 (-$516; $743), but slightly more effective by 0.003 (-0.04; 0.045) QALYs. Compared to MIPOGG, the universal testing strategy was $1333 ($732; $1953) more costly and associated with 0.011 (-0.043; 0.064) additional QALYs. The ICUR for the MIPOGG strategy was $33,947/QALY when compared to the physician strategy; the ICUR for universal testing strategy was $118,631/QALY when compared to the MIPOGG strategy. DISCUSSION This study provides evidence for clinical and policy decision-making on the cost-effectiveness of genetic referral strategies to identify LFS in the setting of osteosarcoma. MIPOGG-guided strategy was most likely to be cost-effective at a willingness-to-pay threshold value of $50,000/QALY.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan David Rios
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Frances Simbulan
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lara Reichman
- Child Health and Human Development, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Kimberly Caswell
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Melissa Tachdjian
- Child Health and Human Development, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - David Malkin
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Genetics and Genome Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cecilia Cotton
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Paul C Nathan
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Catherine Goudie
- Child Health and Human Development, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology-Oncology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Petros Pechlivanoglou
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Linga BG, Mohammed SGAA, Farrell T, Rifai HA, Al-Dewik N, Qoronfleh MW. Genomic Newborn Screening for Pediatric Cancer Predisposition Syndromes: A Holistic Approach. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2017. [PMID: 38893137 PMCID: PMC11171256 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16112017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
As next-generation sequencing (NGS) has become more widely used, germline and rare genetic variations responsible for inherited illnesses, including cancer predisposition syndromes (CPSs) that account for up to 10% of childhood malignancies, have been found. The CPSs are a group of germline genetic disorders that have been identified as risk factors for pediatric cancer development. Excluding a few "classic" CPSs, there is no agreement regarding when and how to conduct germline genetic diagnostic studies in children with cancer due to the constant evolution of knowledge in NGS technologies. Various clinical screening tools have been suggested to aid in the identification of individuals who are at greater risk, using diverse strategies and with varied outcomes. We present here an overview of the primary clinical and molecular characteristics of various CPSs and summarize the existing clinical genomics data on the prevalence of CPSs in pediatric cancer patients. Additionally, we discuss several ethical issues, challenges, limitations, cost-effectiveness, and integration of genomic newborn screening for CPSs into a healthcare system. Furthermore, we assess the effectiveness of commonly utilized decision-support tools in identifying patients who may benefit from genetic counseling and/or direct genetic testing. This investigation highlights a tailored and systematic approach utilizing medical newborn screening tools such as the genome sequencing of high-risk newborns for CPSs, which could be a practical and cost-effective strategy in pediatric cancer care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- BalaSubramani Gattu Linga
- Department of Research, Women’s Wellness and Research Center, Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC), P.O. Box 3050, Doha 0974, Qatar
- Translational and Precision Medicine Research, Women’s Wellness and Research Center (WWRC), Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC), Doha 0974, Qatar
| | | | - Thomas Farrell
- Department of Research, Women’s Wellness and Research Center, Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC), P.O. Box 3050, Doha 0974, Qatar
| | - Hilal Al Rifai
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), Newborn Screening Unit, Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Women’s Wellness and Research Center (WWRC), Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC), Doha 0974, Qatar
| | - Nader Al-Dewik
- Department of Research, Women’s Wellness and Research Center, Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC), P.O. Box 3050, Doha 0974, Qatar
- Translational and Precision Medicine Research, Women’s Wellness and Research Center (WWRC), Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC), Doha 0974, Qatar
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), Newborn Screening Unit, Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Women’s Wellness and Research Center (WWRC), Hamad Medical Corporation (HMC), Doha 0974, Qatar
- Genomics and Precision Medicine (GPM), College of Health & Life Science (CHLS), Hamad Bin Khalifa University (HBKU), Doha 0974, Qatar
- Faculty of Health and Social Care Sciences, Kingston University and St George’s University of London, Kingston upon Thames, Surrey, London KT1 2EE, UK
| | - M. Walid Qoronfleh
- Healthcare Research & Policy Division, Q3 Research Institute (QRI), Ann Arbor, MI 48197, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Tesi B, Robinson KL, Abel F, Díaz de Ståhl T, Orrsjö S, Poluha A, Hellberg M, Wessman S, Samuelsson S, Frisk T, Vogt H, Henning K, Sabel M, Ek T, Pal N, Nyman P, Giraud G, Wille J, Pronk CJ, Norén-Nyström U, Borssén M, Fili M, Stålhammar G, Herold N, Tettamanti G, Maya-Gonzalez C, Arvidsson L, Rosén A, Ekholm K, Kuchinskaya E, Hallbeck AL, Nordling M, Palmebäck P, Kogner P, Smoler GK, Lähteenmäki P, Fransson S, Martinsson T, Shamik A, Mertens F, Rosenquist R, Wirta V, Tham E, Grillner P, Sandgren J, Ljungman G, Gisselsson D, Taylan F, Nordgren A. Diagnostic yield and clinical impact of germline sequencing in children with CNS and extracranial solid tumors-a nationwide, prospective Swedish study. THE LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. EUROPE 2024; 39:100881. [PMID: 38803632 PMCID: PMC11129334 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanepe.2024.100881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Background Childhood cancer predisposition (ChiCaP) syndromes are increasingly recognized as contributing factors to childhood cancer development. Yet, due to variable availability of germline testing, many children with ChiCaP might go undetected today. We report results from the nationwide and prospective ChiCaP study that investigated diagnostic yield and clinical impact of integrating germline whole-genome sequencing (gWGS) with tumor sequencing and systematic phenotyping in children with solid tumors. Methods gWGS was performed in 309 children at diagnosis of CNS (n = 123, 40%) or extracranial (n = 186, 60%) solid tumors and analyzed for disease-causing variants in 189 known cancer predisposing genes. Tumor sequencing data were available for 74% (227/309) of patients. In addition, a standardized clinical assessment for underlying predisposition was performed in 95% (293/309) of patients. Findings The prevalence of ChiCaP diagnoses was 11% (35/309), of which 69% (24/35) were unknown at inclusion (diagnostic yield 8%, 24/298). A second-hit and/or relevant mutational signature was observed in 19/21 (90%) tumors with informative data. ChiCaP diagnoses were more prevalent among patients with retinoblastomas (50%, 6/12) and high-grade astrocytomas (37%, 6/16), and in those with non-cancer related features (23%, 20/88), and ≥2 positive ChiCaP criteria (28%, 22/79). ChiCaP diagnoses were autosomal dominant in 80% (28/35) of patients, yet confirmed de novo in 64% (18/28). The 35 ChiCaP findings resulted in tailored surveillance (86%, 30/35) and treatment recommendations (31%, 11/35). Interpretation Overall, our results demonstrate that systematic phenotyping, combined with genomics-based diagnostics of ChiCaP in children with solid tumors is feasible in large-scale clinical practice and critically guides personalized care in a sizable proportion of patients. Funding The study was supported by the Swedish Childhood Cancer Fund and the Ministry of Health and Social Affairs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Tesi
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Clinical Genetics and Genomics, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden
- Department of Medicine, Center for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kristina Lagerstedt Robinson
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Clinical Genetics and Genomics, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden
| | - Frida Abel
- Department of Clinical Genetics and Genomics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Teresita Díaz de Ståhl
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Clinical Pathology and Cancer Diagnostics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sara Orrsjö
- Department of Clinical Genetics and Genomics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anna Poluha
- Clinical Genetics, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Maria Hellberg
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Office of Medical Services, Region Skåne, Lund, Sweden
| | - Sandra Wessman
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Clinical Pathology and Cancer Diagnostics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sofie Samuelsson
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Office of Medical Services, Region Skåne, Lund, Sweden
| | - Tony Frisk
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hartmut Vogt
- Crown Princess Victoria Children’s Hospital, and Division of Children’s and Women’s Health, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Karin Henning
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Magnus Sabel
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
- Queen Silvia Children’s Hospital, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Torben Ek
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
- Queen Silvia Children’s Hospital, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Niklas Pal
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per Nyman
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Centre for Medical Image Science and Visualization (CMIV), Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Geraldine Giraud
- Department of Immunology, Genetics, and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Pediatric Oncology, Uppsala University Children’s Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Joakim Wille
- Childhood Cancer Center, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Cornelis Jan Pronk
- Childhood Cancer Center, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
- Division of Molecular Hematology/Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Sweden
| | | | - Magnus Borssén
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Pediatrics, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Maria Fili
- Division of Eye and Vision, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- St. Erik Eye Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gustav Stålhammar
- Division of Eye and Vision, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- St. Erik Eye Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nikolas Herold
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Giorgio Tettamanti
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Unit of Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Linda Arvidsson
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Office of Medical Services, Region Skåne, Lund, Sweden
| | - Anna Rosén
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Katja Ekholm
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Clinical Genetics and Genomics, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden
| | | | - Anna-Lotta Hallbeck
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Linköping University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Margareta Nordling
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Linköping University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Pia Palmebäck
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Linköping University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Per Kogner
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gunilla Kanter Smoler
- Department of Clinical Genetics and Genomics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Päivi Lähteenmäki
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Susanne Fransson
- Department of Clinical Genetics and Genomics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Tommy Martinsson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Alia Shamik
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Clinical Pathology and Cancer Diagnostics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Mertens
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Office of Medical Services, Region Skåne, Lund, Sweden
| | - Richard Rosenquist
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Clinical Genetics and Genomics, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden
- Genomic Medicine Center Karolinska, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Valtteri Wirta
- Genomic Medicine Center Karolinska, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Tumour and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Science for Life Laboratory, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institutet of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Emma Tham
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Clinical Genetics and Genomics, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden
| | - Pernilla Grillner
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Johanna Sandgren
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Clinical Pathology and Cancer Diagnostics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gustaf Ljungman
- Pediatric Oncology, Uppsala University Children’s Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - David Gisselsson
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Office of Medical Services, Region Skåne, Lund, Sweden
| | - Fulya Taylan
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Clinical Genetics and Genomics, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden
| | - Ann Nordgren
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Clinical Genetics and Genomics, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Genetics and Genomics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Genomic Medicine Center Karolinska, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Jovanović A, Tošić N, Marjanović I, Komazec J, Zukić B, Nikitović M, Ilić R, Grujičić D, Janić D, Pavlović S. Germline Variants in Cancer Predisposition Genes in Pediatric Patients with Central Nervous System Tumors. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17387. [PMID: 38139220 PMCID: PMC10744041 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) tumors comprise around 20% of childhood malignancies. Germline variants in cancer predisposition genes (CPGs) are found in approximately 10% of pediatric patients with CNS tumors. This study aimed to characterize variants in CPGs in pediatric patients with CNS tumors and correlate these findings with clinically relevant data. Genomic DNA was isolated from the peripheral blood of 51 pediatric patients and further analyzed by the next-generation sequencing approach. Bioinformatic analysis was done using an "in-house" gene list panel, which included 144 genes related to pediatric brain tumors, and the gene list panel Neoplasm (HP:0002664). Our study found that 27% of pediatric patients with CNS tumors have a germline variant in some of the known CPGs, like ALK, APC, CHEK2, ELP1, MLH1, MSH2, NF1, NF2 and TP53. This study represents the first comprehensive evaluation of germline variants in pediatric patients with CNS tumors in the Western Balkans region. Our results indicate the necessity of genomic research to reveal the genetic basis of pediatric CNS tumors, as well as to define targets for the application and development of innovative therapeutics that form the basis of the upcoming era of personalized medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aleksa Jovanović
- Pediatric Oncology Department, National Cancer Research Center, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (A.J.); (D.J.)
| | - Nataša Tošić
- Laboratory for Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia; (N.T.); (I.M.); (J.K.); (B.Z.)
| | - Irena Marjanović
- Laboratory for Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia; (N.T.); (I.M.); (J.K.); (B.Z.)
| | - Jovana Komazec
- Laboratory for Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia; (N.T.); (I.M.); (J.K.); (B.Z.)
| | - Branka Zukić
- Laboratory for Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia; (N.T.); (I.M.); (J.K.); (B.Z.)
| | - Marina Nikitović
- Pediatric Radiation Oncology Department, National Cancer Research Center, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (R.I.); (D.G.)
| | - Rosanda Ilić
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (R.I.); (D.G.)
- Neurooncology Department, Neurosurgery Clinic, University Clinical Centre of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Danica Grujičić
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (R.I.); (D.G.)
- Neurooncology Department, Neurosurgery Clinic, University Clinical Centre of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dragana Janić
- Pediatric Oncology Department, National Cancer Research Center, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (A.J.); (D.J.)
| | - Sonja Pavlović
- Laboratory for Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, 11042 Belgrade, Serbia; (N.T.); (I.M.); (J.K.); (B.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hebert R, Cullinan N, Armstrong L, Blood KA, Brossard J, Brunga L, Cacciotti C, Caswell K, Cellot S, Coltin H, Deyell RJ, Felton K, Fernandez CV, Fleming AJ, Gibson P, Hammad R, Jabado N, Johnston DL, Lafay-Cousin L, Larouche V, Leblanc-Desrochers C, Michaeli O, Perrier R, Pike M, Say J, Schiller I, Toupin AK, Vairy S, van Engelen K, Waespe N, Villani A, Foulkes WD, Malkin D, Reichman L, Goudie C. Performance of the eHealth decision support tool, MIPOGG, for recognising children with Li-Fraumeni, DICER1, Constitutional mismatch repair deficiency and Gorlin syndromes. J Med Genet 2023; 60:1218-1223. [PMID: 37460202 DOI: 10.1136/jmg-2023-109376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer predisposition syndromes (CPSs) are responsible for at least 10% of cancer diagnoses in children and adolescents, most of which are not clinically recognised prior to cancer diagnosis. A variety of clinical screening guidelines are used in healthcare settings to help clinicians detect patients who have a higher likelihood of having a CPS. The McGill Interactive Pediatric OncoGenetic Guidelines (MIPOGG) is an electronic health decision support tool that uses algorithms to help clinicians determine if a child/adolescent diagnosed with cancer should be referred to genetics for a CPS evaluation. METHODS This study assessed MIPOGG's performance in identifying Li-Fraumeni, DICER1, Constitutional mismatch repair deficiency and Gorlin (nevoid basal cell carcinoma) syndromes in a retrospective series of 84 children diagnosed with cancer and one of these four CPSs in Canadian hospitals over an 18-year period. RESULTS MIPOGG detected 82 of 83 (98.8%) evaluable patients with any one of these four genetic conditions and demonstrated an appropriate rationale for suggesting CPS evaluation. When compared with syndrome-specific clinical screening criteria, MIPOGG's ability to correctly identify children with any of the four CPSs was equivalent to, or outperformed, existing clinical criteria respective to each CPS. CONCLUSION This study adds evidence that MIPOGG is an appropriate tool for CPS screening in clinical practice. MIPOGG's strength is that it starts with a specific cancer diagnosis and incorporates criteria relevant for associated CPSs, making MIPOGG a more universally accessible diagnostic adjunct that does not require in-depth knowledge of each CPS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robyn Hebert
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
- Genetic Counselling Services, Sudbury Regional Hospital, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada
| | - Noelle Cullinan
- Department of Paediatric Haematology-Oncology, Children's Health Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Linlea Armstrong
- Medical Genetics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Katherine A Blood
- Medical Genetics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Hereditary Cancer Program, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Josee Brossard
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux de l'Estrie Centre hospitalier universitaire de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ledia Brunga
- Department of Genetics and Genome Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Chantel Cacciotti
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kimberly Caswell
- Department of Genetics and Genome Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sonia Cellot
- Charles-Bruneau Cancer Centre, Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Division, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Centre de Recherche, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Hallie Coltin
- Charles-Bruneau Cancer Centre, Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Division, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Centre de Recherche, Montreal, Québec, Canada
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rebecca J Deyell
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/BMT, BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kathleen Felton
- Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Conrad V Fernandez
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, IWK Health Centre, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Adam J Fleming
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, McMaster Children's Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Paul Gibson
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, McMaster Children's Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rawan Hammad
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Haematology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nada Jabado
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Donna L Johnston
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lucie Lafay-Cousin
- Section of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Alberta Children's Hospital, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Valérie Larouche
- Department of Pediatrics, Centre mère-enfant Soleil du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Cassandra Leblanc-Desrochers
- Centre de recherche du CHUS, Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux de l'Estrie Centre hospitalier universitaire de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Orli Michaeli
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Renee Perrier
- Medical Genetics, Alberta Children's Hospital, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Meghan Pike
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, IWK Health Centre, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Jemma Say
- Paediatric Haematology/Oncology Programme, Bristol Royal Hospital for Children, Bristol, UK
| | - Ian Schiller
- Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Annie-Kim Toupin
- Department of Medicine, University Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Stéphanie Vairy
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Centre intégré universitaire de santé et de services sociaux de l'Estrie Centre hospitalier universitaire de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
- Charles-Bruneau Cancer Centre, Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Division, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Centre de Recherche, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Kalene van Engelen
- Medical Genetics Program of Southwestern Ontario, London Health Sciences Centre, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nicolas Waespe
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, University Children's Hospital Bern, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Anita Villani
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - William D Foulkes
- Departments of Human Genetics, Oncology and Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - David Malkin
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lara Reichman
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Child Health and Human Development, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Catherine Goudie
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Child Health and Human Development, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
McGill BC, Wakefield CE, Tucker KM, Daly RA, Donoghoe MW, Vetsch J, Warby M, Fuentes‐Bolanos NA, Barlow‐Stewart K, Kirk J, Courtney E, O’Brien TA, Marshall GM, Pinese M, Cowley MJ, Tyrrell V, Deyell RJ, Ziegler DS, Hetherington K. Parents' expectations, preferences, and recall of germline findings in a childhood cancer precision medicine trial. Cancer 2023; 129:3620-3632. [PMID: 37382186 PMCID: PMC10952780 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.34917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Germline genome sequencing in childhood cancer precision medicine trials may reveal pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants in cancer predisposition genes in more than 10% of children. These findings can have implications for diagnosis, treatment, and the child's and family's future cancer risk. Understanding parents' perspectives of germline genome sequencing is critical to successful clinical implementation. METHODS A total of 182 parents of 144 children (<18 years of age) with poor-prognosis cancers enrolled in the Precision Medicine for Children with Cancer trial completed a questionnaire at enrollment and after the return of their child's results, including clinically relevant germline findings (received by 13% of parents). Parents' expectations of germline genome sequencing, return of results preferences, and recall of results received were assessed. Forty-five parents (of 43 children) were interviewed in depth. RESULTS At trial enrollment, most parents (63%) believed it was at least "somewhat likely" that their child would receive a clinically relevant germline finding. Almost all expressed a preference to receive a broad range of germline genomic findings, including variants of uncertain significance (88%). Some (29%) inaccurately recalled receiving a clinically relevant germline finding. Qualitatively, parents expressed confusion and uncertainty after the return of their child's genome sequencing results by their child's clinician. CONCLUSIONS Many parents of children with poor-prognosis childhood cancer enrolled in a precision medicine trial expect their child may have an underlying cancer predisposition syndrome. They wish to receive a wide scope of information from germline genome sequencing but may feel confused by the reporting of trial results.
Collapse
|
9
|
Freycon C, Lupo PJ, Witkowski L, Budd C, Foulkes WD, Goudie C. A systematic review of the prevalence of pathogenic or likely pathogenic germline variants in individuals with FOXO1 fusion-positive rhabdomyosarcoma. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2023; 70:e30651. [PMID: 37638828 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.30651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Several cancer predisposition syndromes (CPS) are reported to predispose to rhabdomyosarcoma, most frequently in children with embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma. There are lingering questions over the role of CPS in individuals with alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (ARMS), which are frequently driven by FOXO1 fusion oncoproteins. We conducted a systematic review to identify patients with FOXO1 fusion-positive ARMS (FP-ARMS) who underwent germline DNA sequencing. We estimated the prevalence of pathogenic/likely pathogenic (P/LP) variants in cancer predisposing genes (CPGs) and of CPSs. We included 19 publications reporting on 191 patients with FP-ARMS. P/LP variants in CPGs were identified in 26/191 (13.6%) patients, nine (4.9%) of which were associated with a CPS diagnosis. Evidence for causal associations between CPSs and FP-ARMS could not be assessed with available data from this review. Only one patient was affected with a CPS known to predispose to rhabdomyosarcoma, Li-Fraumeni syndrome. Typical CPS associations with rhabdomyosarcoma are rare, but not nonexistent, in patients with FP-ARMS. FOXO1 fusion status, alone, is insufficient for clinicians to rely on to distinguish between patients with/without CPS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claire Freycon
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Montreal Children's Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Child Health and Human Development, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Philip J Lupo
- Section of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Leora Witkowski
- Department of Child Health and Human Development, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Crystal Budd
- Department of Child Health and Human Development, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Catherine Goudie
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Montreal Children's Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Child Health and Human Development, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Alvarez SJA, Pencheva B, Westfall E, Mwalija C, Parsell M, Greenleaf M, Porter CC, Lam WA, Mannino RG, Mitchell SG. A novel mobile health application to support cancer surveillance needs of patients and families with cancer predisposition syndromes. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2023; 70:e30537. [PMID: 37415085 PMCID: PMC11075126 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.30537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND At least 5%-10% of malignancies occur secondary to an underlying cancer predisposition syndrome (CPS). For these families, cancer surveillance is recommended with the goal of identifying malignancy earlier, in a presumably more curable form. Surveillance protocols, including imaging studies, bloodwork, and procedures, can be complex and differ based on age, gender, and syndrome, which adversely affect adherence. Mobile health (mHealth) applications (apps) have been utilized in oncology and could help to facilitate adherence to cancer surveillance protocols. METHODS Applying a user-centered mobile app design approach, patients with a CPS and/or primary caregivers were interviewed to identify current methods for care management and barriers to compliance with recommended surveillance protocols. Broad themes from these interviews informed the design of the mobile app, HomeTown, which was subsequently evaluated by usability experts. The design was then converted into software code in phases, evaluated by patients and caregivers in an iterative fashion. User population growth and app usage data were assessed. RESULTS Common themes identified included general distress surrounding surveillance protocol scheduling and results, difficulty remembering medical history, assembling a care team, and seeking resources for self-education. These themes were translated into specific functional app features, including push reminders, syndrome-specific surveillance recommendations, ability to annotate visits and results, storage of medical histories, and links to reliable educational resources. CONCLUSIONS Families with CPS demonstrate a desire for mHealth tools to facilitate adherence to cancer surveillance protocols, reduce related distress, relay medical information, and provide educational resources. HomeTown may be a useful tool for engaging this patient population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Santiago J Arconada Alvarez
- Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- AppHatchery, Georgia Clinical and Translational Science Alliance, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Bojana Pencheva
- Aflac Cancer & Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Eleanor Westfall
- Aflac Cancer & Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Comfort Mwalija
- Global Health Informatics Institute, Lilongwe Malawi
- AppHatchery, Georgia Clinical and Translational Science Alliance, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Maren Parsell
- Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- AppHatchery, Georgia Clinical and Translational Science Alliance, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Morgan Greenleaf
- Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- AppHatchery, Georgia Clinical and Translational Science Alliance, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Christopher C Porter
- Aflac Cancer & Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Wilbur A Lam
- Aflac Cancer & Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- AppHatchery, Georgia Clinical and Translational Science Alliance, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Robert G Mannino
- Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- AppHatchery, Georgia Clinical and Translational Science Alliance, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Sarah G Mitchell
- Aflac Cancer & Blood Disorders Center, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Sultan I, Al-Abdallat H, Alnajjar Z, Ismail L, Abukhashabeh R, Bitar L, Abu Shanap M. Using ChatGPT to Predict Cancer Predisposition Genes: A Promising Tool for Pediatric Oncologists. Cureus 2023; 15:e47594. [PMID: 38021917 PMCID: PMC10666922 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.47594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Determining genetic susceptibility for cancer predisposition syndromes (CPS) through cancer predisposition genes (CPGs) testing is critical in facilitating appropriate prevention and surveillance strategies. This study investigates the use of ChatGPT, a large language model, in predicting CPGs using clinical notes. METHODS Our study involved 53 patients with pathogenic CPG mutations. Two kinds of clinical notes were used: the first visit note, containing a thorough history and physical exam, and the genetic clinic note, summarizing the patient's diagnosis and family history. We asked ChatGPT to recommend CPS genes based on these notes and compared these predictions with previously identified mutations. RESULTS Rb1 was the most frequently mutated gene in our cohort (34%), followed by NF1 (9.4%), TP53 (5.7%), and VHL (5.7%). Out of 53 patients, 30 had genetic clinic notes of a median length of 54 words. ChatGPT correctly predicted the gene in 93% of these cases. However, it failed to predict EPCAM and VHL genes in specific patients. For the first visit notes (median length: 461 words), ChatGPT correctly predicted the gene in 64% of these cases. CONCLUSION ChatGPT shows promise in predicting CPGs from clinical notes, particularly genetic clinic notes. This approach may be useful in enhancing CPG testing, especially in areas lacking genetic testing resources. With further training, there is a possibility for ChatGPT to improve its predictive potential and expand its clinical applicability. However, additional research is needed to explore the full potential and applicability of ChatGPT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iyad Sultan
- Department of Pediatrics, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, JOR
| | | | - Zaina Alnajjar
- Department of Medicine, Hashemite University, Zarqa, JOR
| | - Layan Ismail
- Department of Medicine, University of Jordan, Amman, JOR
| | - Razan Abukhashabeh
- Department of Cell Therapy and Applied Genomics, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, JOR
| | - Layla Bitar
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, JOR
| | - Mayada Abu Shanap
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, JOR
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Suspitsin EN, Imyanitov EN. Hereditary Conditions Associated with Elevated Cancer Risk in Childhood. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2023; 88:880-891. [PMID: 37751861 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297923070039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Received January, 31, 2023 Revised March, 16, 2023 Accepted March, 18, 2023 Widespread use of the next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies revealed that a significant percentage of tumors in children develop as a part of monogenic hereditary diseases. Predisposition to the development of pediatric neoplasms is characteristic of a wide range of conditions including hereditary tumor syndromes, primary immunodeficiencies, RASopathies, and phakomatoses. The mechanisms of tumor molecular pathogenesis are diverse and include disturbances in signaling cascades, defects in DNA repair, chromatin remodeling, and microRNA processing. Timely diagnosis of tumor-associated syndromes is important for the proper choice of cancer treatment, genetic counseling of families, and development of the surveillance programs. The review describes the spectrum of neoplasms characteristic of the most common syndromes and molecular pathogenesis of these diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evgeny N Suspitsin
- N. N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg, 197758, Russia.
- St.-Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, 194100, Russia
| | - Evgeny N Imyanitov
- N. N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg, 197758, Russia
- St.-Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, 194100, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Lazic J, Haas OA, Özbek U, Ripperger T, Byrjalsen A, Te Kronnie G. Perception and management of cancer predisposition in pediatric cancer centers: A European-wide questionnaire-based survey. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2023; 70:e30229. [PMID: 36860090 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.30229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
The European Union-funded COST Action (LEukaemia GENe Discovery by data sharing, mining, and collaboration) LEGEND was an international and multidisciplinary collaboration between clinicians and researchers that covered a range of aspects of genetic predisposition in childhood leukemia. Within this framework, we explored the perception and handling of genetic predisposition in the daily practice of European treatment centers. Herein, we present the results of our questionnaire-based survey. We found that the overall awareness is quite high, and respondents remarked that identification and treatment of the most common predisposition syndromes were present. Nevertheless, high demand for continuous education and routinely updated resources remains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Lazic
- University Children's Hospital, Belgrade, Serbia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Oskar A Haas
- St. Anna Children's Hospital, Pediatric Clinic, Medical University, Vienna, Austria
- Labdia Labordiagnostik, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ugur Özbek
- Acıbadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar University, School of Medicine, Department of Medical Genetics, Istanbul, Turkey
- Acıbadem University, Rare Diseases and Orphan Drugs Application and Research Center, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tim Ripperger
- Department of Human Genetics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Anna Byrjalsen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Klein SD, DeMarchis M, Linn RL, MacFarland SP, Kalish JM. Occurrence of Hepatoblastomas in Patients with Beckwith-Wiedemann Spectrum (BWSp). Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15092548. [PMID: 37174013 PMCID: PMC10177446 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15092548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS), an epigenetic imprinting disorder involving alterations in genes at the 11p15 chromosomal location, are predisposed to develop hepatoblastomas (HBs), which are rare embryonal liver tumors. Tumors can develop after a BWS diagnosis or, conversely, can be the presenting feature leading to a subsequent diagnosis. While HBs are the cardinal tumors of BWS, not all patients with the BWS spectrum will develop HBs. This observation has led to many hypotheses, including genotype-associated risk, tissue mosaicism, and tumor-specific second hits. To explore these hypotheses, we present the largest cohort of patients with BWS and HBs to date. Our cohort comprised 16 cases, and we broadened our sample size by searching the literature for all cases of BWS with HBs. From these isolated case studies, we amassed another 34 cases, bringing the total number to 50 cases of BWS-HB. We observed that paternal uniparental isodisomy (upd(11)pat) was the most common genotype, representing 38% of cases. The next most common genotype was IC2 LOM, representing 14% of cases. Five patients had clinical BWS without a molecular diagnosis. To investigate the potential mechanism of HBs in BWS, we analyzed normal liver and HB samples from eight cases and isolated tumor samples from another two cases. These samples underwent methylation testing, and 90% of our tumor samples underwent targeted cancer next-generation sequencing (NGS) panels. These matched samples provided novel insights into the oncogenesis of HBs in BWS. We found that 100% of the HBs that underwent NGS panel testing had variants in the CTNNB1 gene. We further identified three distinct groups of BWS-HB patients based on epigenotype. We also demonstrated epigenotype mosaicism, where 11p15 alterations can differ between the blood, HB, and normal liver. In light of this epigenotype mosaicism, tumor risk assessment based on blood profiling may not be accurate. Therefore, universal screening is recommended for all patients with BWS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Steven D Klein
- Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Madison DeMarchis
- Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Rebecca L Linn
- Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Suzanne P MacFarland
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Division of Oncology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jennifer M Kalish
- Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Elitzur S, Vora A, Burkhardt B, Inaba H, Attarbaschi A, Baruchel A, Escherich G, Gibson B, Liu HC, Loh M, Moorman AV, Möricke A, Pieters R, Uyttebroeck A, Baird S, Bartram J, Barzilai-Birenboim S, Batra S, Ben-Harosh M, Bertrand Y, Buitenkamp T, Caldwell K, Drut R, Geerlinks AV, Gilad G, Grainger J, Haouy S, Heaney N, Huang M, Ingham D, Krenova Z, Kuhlen M, Lehrnbecher T, Manabe A, Niggli F, Paris C, Revel-Vilk S, Rohrlich P, Sinno MG, Szczepanski T, Tamesberger M, Warrier R, Wolfl M, Nirel R, Izraeli S, Borkhardt A, Schmiegelow K. EBV-driven lymphoid neoplasms associated with pediatric ALL maintenance therapy. Blood 2023; 141:743-755. [PMID: 36332176 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2022016975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of a second malignancy after the diagnosis of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a rare event. Certain second malignancies have been linked with specific elements of leukemia therapy, yet the etiology of most second neoplasms remains obscure and their optimal management strategies are unclear. This is a first comprehensive report of non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs) following pediatric ALL therapy, excluding stem-cell transplantation. We analyzed data of patients who developed NHL following ALL diagnosis and were enrolled in 12 collaborative pediatric ALL trials between 1980-2018. Eighty-five patients developed NHL, with mature B-cell lymphoproliferations as the dominant subtype (56 of 85 cases). Forty-six of these 56 cases (82%) occurred during or within 6 months of maintenance therapy. The majority exhibited histopathological characteristics associated with immunodeficiency (65%), predominantly evidence of Epstein-Barr virus-driven lymphoproliferation. We investigated 66 cases of post-ALL immunodeficiency-associated lymphoid neoplasms, 52 from our study and 14 additional cases from a literature search. With a median follow-up of 4.9 years, the 5-year overall survival for the 66 patients with immunodeficiency-associated lymphoid neoplasms was 67.4% (95% confidence interval [CI], 56-81). Five-year cumulative risks of lymphoid neoplasm- and leukemia-related mortality were 20% (95% CI, 10.2-30) and 12.4% (95% CI, 2.7-22), respectively. Concurrent hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis was associated with increased mortality (hazard ratio, 7.32; 95% CI, 1.62-32.98; P = .01). A large proportion of post-ALL lymphoid neoplasms are associated with an immunodeficient state, likely precipitated by ALL maintenance therapy. Awareness of this underrecognized entity and pertinent diagnostic tests are crucial for early diagnosis and optimal therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Elitzur
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Schneider Children's Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ajay Vora
- Department of Paediatric Haematology, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Birgit Burkhardt
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Hiroto Inaba
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | - Andishe Attarbaschi
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, St. Anna Children's Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andre Baruchel
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Hôpital Robert Debré, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Gabriele Escherich
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncoogy, University Medical Centre, Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Brenda Gibson
- Department of Paediatric Haematology, Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Hsi-Che Liu
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Mackay Children's Hospital and Mackay Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mignon Loh
- Division of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology, Bone Marrow Transplant and Cellular Therapy, Seattle Children's Hospital and the Ben Towne Center for Childhood Cancer Research, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Anthony V Moorman
- Leukaemia Research Cytogenetics Group, Wolfson Childhood Cancer Centre, Clinical and Translational Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Anja Möricke
- Department of Pediatrics, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel and University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany
| | - Rob Pieters
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Anne Uyttebroeck
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Susan Baird
- Department of Haematology, Royal Hospital for Children and Young People, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Jack Bartram
- Department of Paediatric Haematology, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Shlomit Barzilai-Birenboim
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Schneider Children's Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Sandeep Batra
- Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Riley Hospital for Children, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Miriam Ben-Harosh
- Department of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology, Soroka Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Yves Bertrand
- Institut d'Hematologie et d'Oncologie Pediatrique, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Trudy Buitenkamp
- Amsterdam Academic Medical Center, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kenneth Caldwell
- Cancer and Blood Disorders Institute, Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital, St Petersburg, FL
| | - Ricardo Drut
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, La Plata National University, La Plata, Argentina
| | | | - Gil Gilad
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Schneider Children's Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - John Grainger
- Faculty of Medical & Human Sciences, University of Manchester and Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Stephanie Haouy
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Nicholas Heaney
- Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Mary Huang
- Department of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Danielle Ingham
- Paediatric Oncology, Leeds Children's Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Zdenka Krenova
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Kuhlen
- Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Lehrnbecher
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Atsushi Manabe
- Department of Pediatrics, Hokkaido University, Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Felix Niggli
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, University Children's Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Claudia Paris
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Hospital Luis Calvo Mackenna, Santiago, Chile
| | - Shoshana Revel-Vilk
- Shaare Zedek Medical Centre and The Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | | | - Mohamad G Sinno
- Phoenix Children's Hospital, Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Phoenix, AZ
| | - Tomasz Szczepanski
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Zabrze and Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Melanie Tamesberger
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Kepler University Clinic, Linz, Austria
| | | | - Matthias Wolfl
- Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Program, University Children's Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ronit Nirel
- Department of Statistics and Data Science, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Shai Izraeli
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Schneider Children's Medical Center and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Arndt Borkhardt
- Department of Paediatric Oncology, Haematology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Kjeld Schmiegelow
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, and Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Bakhuizen JJ, Hopman SMJ, Bosscha MI, Dommering CJ, van den Heuvel-Eibrink MM, Hol JA, Kester LA, Koudijs MJ, Langenberg KPS, Loeffen JLC, van der Lugt J, Moll AC, van Noesel MM, Smetsers SE, de Vos-Kerkhof E, Merks JHM, Kuiper RP, Jongmans MCJ. Assessment of Cancer Predisposition Syndromes in a National Cohort of Children With a Neoplasm. JAMA Netw Open 2023; 6:e2254157. [PMID: 36735256 PMCID: PMC9898819 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.54157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE To improve diagnostics of cancer predisposition syndromes (CPSs) in children with cancer, it is essential to evaluate the effect of CPS gene sequencing among all children with cancer and compare it with genetic testing based on clinical selection. However, a reliable comparison is difficult because recent reports on a phenotype-first approach in large, unselected childhood cancer cohorts are lacking. OBJECTIVE To describe a national children's cancer center's experience in diagnosing CPSs before introducing routine next-generation sequencing. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This retrospective cohort study was conducted at the National Retinoblastoma Treatment Center (Amsterdam, the Netherlands) and the Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology (Utrecht, Netherlands) and included Dutch pediatric patients with a new diagnosis of neoplasm between June 1, 2018, and December 31, 2019. Follow-up was at least 18 months after neoplasm diagnosis. Data analysis was conducted from July 2021 to February 2022. EXPOSURES As part of routine diagnostics, pediatric oncologists and ophthalmologists checked for characteristics of CPSs and selected children for referral to clinical geneticists and genetic testing. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Detected cancer predisposition syndromes. RESULTS A total of 824 patients (median [range] age at diagnosis 7.5 [0-18.9] years; 361 girls [44%]) were assessed, including 335 children with a hematological neoplasm (41%) and 489 (59%) with a solid tumor. In 71 of 824 children (8.6%), a CPS was identified, of which most (96%) were identified by a phenotype-driven approach. Down syndrome and neurofibromatosis type 1 were the most common CPSs diagnosed. In 42 of 71 patients (59%), a CPS was identified after these children developed a neoplasm. The specific type of neoplasm was the most frequent indicator for genetic testing, whereas family history played a minor role. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this cohort study of children with a neoplasm, the prevalence of CPSs identified by a phenotype-driven approach was 8.6%. The diagnostic approach for identifying CPSs is currently shifting toward a genotype-first approach. Future studies are needed to determine the diagnostic value, as well as possible disadvantages of CPS gene sequencing among all children with cancer compared with the phenotype-driven approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jette J. Bakhuizen
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Saskia M. J. Hopman
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Machteld I. Bosscha
- Department of Ophthalmology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Charlotte J. Dommering
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marry M. van den Heuvel-Eibrink
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- University Medical Center-Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Janna A. Hol
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Lennart A. Kester
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Marco J. Koudijs
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | | | - Jan L. C. Loeffen
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | | | - Annette C. Moll
- Department of Ophthalmology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Max M. van Noesel
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Division of Imaging and Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Johannes H. M. Merks
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Division of Imaging and Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Roland P. Kuiper
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Marjolijn C. J. Jongmans
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Childhood cancer is rare, but it remains the leading cause of disease-related mortality among children 1-14 years of age. As exposure to environmental factors is lower in children, inherited genetic factors become an important player in the cause of childhood cancer. This review highlights the current knowledge and approach for cancer predisposition syndromes in children. RECENT FINDINGS Current literature suggests that 10-18% of paediatric cancer patients have an underlying genetic susceptibility to their disease. With better knowledge and technology, more genes and syndromes are being discovered, allowing tailored treatment and surveillance for the probands and their families.Studies have demonstrated that focused surveillance can detect early malignancies and increase overall survival in several cancer predisposition syndromes. Various approaches have been proposed to refine early tumour detection strategies while minimizing the burden on patients and families. Newer therapeutic strategies are being investigated to treat, or even prevent, tumours in children with cancer predisposition. SUMMARY This review summarizes the current knowledge about different cancer predisposition syndromes, focusing on the diagnosis, genetic counselling, surveillance and future directions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiko Nakano
- Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ron Rabinowicz
- Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David Malkin
- Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Scollon S, Eldomery MK, Reuther J, Lin FY, Potter SL, Desrosiers L, McClain KL, Smith V, Su JMF, Venkatramani R, Hu J, Korchina V, Zarrin-Khameh N, Gibbs RA, Muzny DM, Eng C, Roy A, Parsons DW, Plon SE. Clinical and molecular features of pediatric cancer patients with Lynch syndrome. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2022; 69:e29859. [PMID: 35713195 PMCID: PMC9529793 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.29859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association of childhood cancer with Lynch syndrome is not established compared with the significant pediatric cancer risk in recessive constitutional mismatch repair deficiency syndrome (CMMRD). PROCEDURE We describe the clinical features, germline analysis, and tumor genomic profiling of patients with Lynch syndrome among patients enrolled in pediatric cancer genomic studies. RESULTS There were six of 773 (0.8%) pediatric patients with solid tumors identified with Lynch syndrome, defined as a germline heterozygous pathogenic variant in one of the mismatch repair (MMR) genes (three with MSH6, two with MLH1, and one with MSH2). Tumor analysis demonstrated evidence for somatic second hits and/or increased tumor mutation burden in three of four patients with available tumor with potential implications for therapy and identification of at-risk family members. Only one patient met current guidelines for pediatric cancer genetics evaluation at the time of tumor diagnosis. CONCLUSION Approximately 1% of children with cancer have Lynch syndrome, which is missed with current referral guidelines, suggesting the importance of adding MMR genes to tumor and hereditary pediatric cancer panels. Tumor analysis may provide the first suggestion of an underlying cancer predisposition syndrome and is useful in distinguishing between Lynch syndrome and CMMRD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Scollon
- Department of Pediatrics, Texas Children’s Cancer and Hematology Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Mohammad K. Eldomery
- Department of Pathology, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, TX
| | - Jacquelyn Reuther
- Department of Pathology, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, TX
| | - Frank Y Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, Texas Children’s Cancer and Hematology Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Samara L Potter
- Department of Pediatrics, Texas Children’s Cancer and Hematology Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Lauren Desrosiers
- Department of Pediatrics, Texas Children’s Cancer and Hematology Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Kenneth L McClain
- Department of Pediatrics, Texas Children’s Cancer and Hematology Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Valeria Smith
- Department of Pediatrics, Texas Children’s Cancer and Hematology Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Jack Meng-Fen Su
- Department of Pediatrics, Texas Children’s Cancer and Hematology Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Rajkumar Venkatramani
- Department of Pediatrics, Texas Children’s Cancer and Hematology Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Jianhong Hu
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | | | | | - Richard A Gibbs
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Donna M Muzny
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Christine Eng
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Angshumoy Roy
- Department of Pediatrics, Texas Children’s Cancer and Hematology Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
- Department of Pathology, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, TX
| | - D. Williams Parsons
- Department of Pediatrics, Texas Children’s Cancer and Hematology Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
- Department of Pathology, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Sharon E Plon
- Department of Pediatrics, Texas Children’s Cancer and Hematology Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Derpoorter C, Van Paemel R, Vandemeulebroecke K, Vanhooren J, De Wilde B, Laureys G, Lammens T. Whole genome sequencing and inheritance-based variant filtering as a tool for unraveling missing heritability in pediatric cancer. Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2022; 40:326-340. [PMID: 35876323 DOI: 10.1080/08880018.2022.2101723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Survival rates for pediatric cancer have significantly increased the past decades, now exceeding 70-80% for most cancer types. The cause of cancer in children and adolescents remains largely unknown and a genetic susceptibility is considered in up to 10% of the cases, but most likely this is an underestimation. Families with multiple pediatric cancer patients are rare and strongly suggestive for an underlying predisposition to cancer. The absence of identifiable mutations in known cancer predisposing genes in such families could indicate undiscovered heritability. To discover candidate susceptibility variants, whole genome sequencing was performed on germline DNA of a family with two children affected by Burkitt lymphoma. Using an inheritance-based filtering approach, 18 correctly segregating coding variants were prioritized without a biased focus on specific genes or variants. Two variants in FAT4 and DCHS2 were highlighted, both involved in the Hippo signaling pathway, which controls tissue growth and stem cell activity. Similarly, a set of nine non-coding variants was prioritized, which might contribute, in differing degrees, to the increased cancer risk within this family. In conclusion, inheritance-based whole genome sequencing in selected families or cases is a valuable approach to prioritize variants and, thus, to further unravel genetic predisposition in childhood cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Derpoorter
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ruben Van Paemel
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Katrien Vandemeulebroecke
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jolien Vanhooren
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bram De Wilde
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Geneviève Laureys
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tim Lammens
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Genetic Disorders with Predisposition to Paediatric Haematopoietic Malignancies—A Review. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14153569. [PMID: 35892827 PMCID: PMC9329786 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14153569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The view of paediatric cancer as a genetic disease arises as genetic research develops. Germline mutations in cancer predisposition genes have been identified in about 10% of children. Paediatric cancers are characterized by heterogeneity in the types of genetic alterations that drive tumourigenesis. Interactions between germline and somatic mutations are a key determinant of cancer development. In 40% of patients, the family history does not predict the presence of inherited cancer predisposition syndromes and many cases go undetected. Paediatricians should be aware of specific symptoms, which highlight the need of evaluation for cancer syndromes. The quickest possible identification of such syndromes is of key importance, due to the possibility of early detection of neoplasms, followed by presymptomatic genetic testing of relatives, implementation of appropriate clinical procedures (e.g., avoiding radiotherapy), prophylactic surgical resection of organs at risk, or searching for donors of hematopoietic stem cells. Targetable driver mutations and corresponding signalling pathways provide a novel precision medicine strategy.Therefore, there is a need for multi-disciplinary cooperation between a paediatrician, an oncologist, a geneticist, and a psychologist during the surveillance of families with an increased cancer risk. This review aimed to emphasize the role of cancer-predisposition gene diagnostics in the genetic surveillance and medical care in paediatric oncology.
Collapse
|
21
|
Krebsprädispositions-Screening-Tools zur Vorhersage späterer maligner Erkrankungen bei Überlebenden nach einer Tumorerkrankung im Kindesalter. Strahlenther Onkol 2022; 198:866-868. [DOI: 10.1007/s00066-022-01956-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
22
|
Svensson S, Zagoras T, Aravidis C, Stenmark Askmalm M, Björck E, Borg Å, Kuchinskaya E, Nilbert M, Nordling M, Rohlin A, Silander G, Lagerstedt‐Robinson K, Gebre‐Medhin S. Merged Testing for Colorectal Cancer Syndromes and Re‐evaluation of Genetic Variants Improve Diagnostic Yield: results from a nation‐wide prospective cohort. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2022; 61:585-591. [PMID: 35430768 PMCID: PMC9540764 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.23049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Approximately 5% of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) have a Mendelian predisposition for the disease. Identification of the disease‐causing genetic variant enables carrier testing and tailored cancer prevention within affected families. To determine the panorama and genetic variation of Mendelian CRC syndromes among referrals at the cancer genetics clinics in Sweden, 850 patients clinically selected for CRC genetic investigation were included in a prospective study that tested for all major hereditary polyposis and nonpolyposis CRC conditions. Genetically defined syndromes were diagnosed in 11% of the patients. Lynch syndrome was predominant (n = 73) followed by familial adenomatous polyposis (n = 12) and MUTYH‐associated polyposis (n = 8); the latter of which two patients presented with CRC before polyposis was evident. One patient with a history of adolescent‐onset CRC and polyposis had biallelic disease‐causing variants diagnostic for constitutional mismatch repair deficiency syndrome. Post‐study review of detected variants of unknown clinical significance (n = 129) resulted in the reclassification of variants as likely benign (n = 59) or as diagnostic for Lynch syndrome (n = 2). Our results reveal the panorama of Mendelian CRC syndromes at the cancer genetics clinics in Sweden and show that unified testing for polyposis and nonpolyposis CRC conditions as well as regular reexamination of sequence data improve the diagnostic yield.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Svensson
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine Lund University Lund Sweden
- Department of Clinical Genetics and Pathology Office for Medical Service Lund Sweden
| | - Theofanis Zagoras
- Department of Laboratory Medicine Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
- Department of Clinical Genetics and Genomics Sahlgrenska University Hospital Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Christos Aravidis
- Department of Clinical Genetics Akademiska University Hospital Uppsala Sweden
| | - Marie Stenmark Askmalm
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine Lund University Lund Sweden
- Department of Clinical Genetics and Pathology Office for Medical Service Lund Sweden
| | - Erik Björck
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
- Department of Clinical Genetics Karolinska University Laboratory, Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm Sweden
| | - Åke Borg
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Division of Oncology Lund University Lund Sweden
| | - Ekaterina Kuchinskaya
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
- Department of Clinical Genetics Karolinska University Laboratory, Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm Sweden
| | - Mef Nilbert
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Division of Oncology Lund University Lund Sweden
| | - Margareta Nordling
- Department of Laboratory Medicine Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Division of Cell Biology Linköping University Linköping Sweden
| | - Anna Rohlin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
- Department of Clinical Genetics and Genomics Sahlgrenska University Hospital Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Gustav Silander
- Department of Radiation Sciences Oncology, Umeå University Umeå Sweden
| | - Kristina Lagerstedt‐Robinson
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden
- Department of Clinical Genetics Karolinska University Laboratory, Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm Sweden
| | - Samuel Gebre‐Medhin
- Division of Clinical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Medicine Lund University Lund Sweden
- Department of Clinical Genetics and Pathology Office for Medical Service Lund Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Shahani SA, Marcotte EL. Landscape of germline cancer predisposition mutations testing and management in pediatrics: Implications for research and clinical care. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:1011873. [PMID: 36225340 PMCID: PMC9548803 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.1011873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
As germline genetic testing capacities have improved over the last two decades, increasingly more people are newly diagnosed with germline cancer susceptibility mutations. In the wake of this growth, there remain limitations in both testing strategies and translation of these results into morbidity- and mortality-reducing practices, with pediatric populations remaining especially vulnerable. To face the challenges evoked by an expanding diversity of germline cancer mutations, we can draw upon a model cancer-associated genetic condition for which we have developed a breadth of expertise in managing, Trisomy 21. We can additionally apply advances in other disciplines, such as oncofertility and pharmacogenomics, to enhance care delivery. Herein, we describe the history of germline mutation testing, epidemiology of known germline cancer mutations and their associations with childhood cancer, testing limitations, and future directions for research and clinical care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa A Shahani
- Department of Pediatrics, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, United States
| | - Erin L Marcotte
- Division of Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States.,Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| |
Collapse
|