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van der Schee L, Haasnoot KJC, Elias SG, Gijsbers KM, Alderlieste YA, Backes Y, van Berkel AM, Boersma F, Ter Borg F, Breekveldt ECH, Kessels K, Koopman M, Lansdorp-Vogelaar I, van Leerdam ME, Rasschaert G, Schreuder RM, Schrauwen RWM, Seerden TCJ, Spanier MBW, Terhaar Sive Droste JS, Toes-Zoutendijk E, Tuynman JB, Vink GR, de Vos Tot Nederveen Cappel WH, Vleggaar FP, Laclé MM, Moons LMG. Oncologic outcomes of screen-detected and non-screen-detected T1 colorectal cancers. Endoscopy 2024; 56:484-493. [PMID: 38325403 DOI: 10.1055/a-2263-2841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of T1 colorectal cancer (CRC) has increased with the implementation of CRC screening programs. It is unknown whether the outcomes and risk models for T1 CRC based on non-screen-detected patients can be extrapolated to screen-detected T1 CRC. This study aimed to compare the stage distribution and oncologic outcomes of T1 CRC patients within and outside the screening program. METHODS Data from T1 CRC patients diagnosed between 2014 and 2017 were collected from 12 hospitals in the Netherlands. The presence of lymph node metastasis (LNM) at diagnosis was compared between screen-detected and non-screen-detected patients using multivariable logistic regression. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to analyze differences in the time to recurrence (TTR), metastasis-free survival (MFS), cancer-specific survival (CSS), and overall survival. Additionally, the performance of conventional risk factors for LNM was evaluated across the groups. RESULTS 1803 patients were included (1114 [62%] screen-detected), with median follow-up of 51 months (interquartile range 30). The proportion of LNM did not significantly differ between screen- and non-screen-detected patients (12.6% vs. 8.9%; odds ratio 1.41; 95%CI 0.89-2.23); a prediction model for LNM performed equally in both groups. The 3- and 5-year TTR, MFS, and CSS were similar for patients within and outside the screening program. However, overall survival was significantly longer in screen-detected T1 CRC patients (adjusted hazard ratio 0.51; 95%CI 0.38-0.68). CONCLUSIONS Screen-detected and non-screen-detected T1 CRCs have similar stage distributions and oncologic outcomes and can therefore be treated equally. However, screen-detected T1 CRC patients exhibit a lower rate of non-CRC-related mortality, resulting in longer overall survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa van der Schee
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Pathology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Krijn J C Haasnoot
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Sjoerd G Elias
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Kim M Gijsbers
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Deventer Hospital, Deventer, Netherlands
| | | | - Yara Backes
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | | | - Femke Boersma
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Gelre Hospitals, Apeldoorn, Netherlands
| | - Frank Ter Borg
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Deventer Hospital, Deventer, Netherlands
| | - Emilie C H Breekveldt
- Public Health, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Gastrointestinal Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Koen Kessels
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sint Antonius Ziekenhuis, Nieuwegein, Netherlands
| | - Miriam Koopman
- Medical Oncology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | | | - Monique E van Leerdam
- Gastrointestinal Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | | | | | - Ruud W M Schrauwen
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Bernhoven Hospital Location Uden, Uden, Netherlands
| | - Tom C J Seerden
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amphia Hospital, Breda, Netherlands
| | - Marcel B W Spanier
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Rijnstate Hospital Arnhem Branch, Arnhem, Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Geraldine R Vink
- Medical Oncology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Research and Development, Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organisation, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | | | - Frank P Vleggaar
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Miangela M Laclé
- Pathology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Leon M G Moons
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
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2
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Heisser T, Sergeev D, Hoffmeister M, Brenner H. Contributions of early detection and cancer prevention to colorectal cancer mortality reduction by screening colonoscopy: a validated modeling study. Gastrointest Endosc 2024:S0016-5107(24)00163-9. [PMID: 38462054 DOI: 10.1016/j.gie.2024.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Screening colonoscopy, recommended every 10 years, reduces mortality from colorectal cancer (CRC) by early detection of prevalent but undiagnosed CRC, as well as by removal of precursor lesions. The aim of this study was to assess the relative contribution of both components to total CRC mortality reduction over time. METHODS Using a validated multistate Markov model, we simulated hypothetical cohorts of 100,000 individuals aged 55 to 64 years with and without screening at baseline. Main outcomes included proportions of prevented CRC deaths arising from (asymptomatic) CRC already present at baseline and from newly developed CRC during 15 years of follow-up, and mortality rate ratios of screened versus nonscreened groups over time. RESULTS Early detection of prevalent cases accounted for 52%, 30%, and 18% of deaths prevented by screening colonoscopy within 5, 10, and 15 years, respectively. Relative reduction of mortality was estimated to be much larger for mortality from incident cancers than for mortality from cancers that were already present and detected early at screening endoscopy and for total CRC mortality (ie, 88% versus 67% and 79%, respectively, within 10 years from screening). CONCLUSIONS Reduction of CRC mortality mainly arises from early detection of prevalent cancers during the early years after screening colonoscopy, but prevention of incident cases accounts for the majority of prevented deaths in the longer run. Prevention of incident cases leads to sustained strong reduction of CRC mortality, possibly warranting an extension of screening intervals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Heisser
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dmitry Sergeev
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany; Medical Faculty Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Hoffmeister
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hermann Brenner
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany; Division of Preventive Oncology, German Cancer Research Center and National Center for Tumor Diseases, Heidelberg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
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3
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Dressler J, Njor SH, Rasmussen M, Jørgensen LN. Effect of colorectal cancer screening on colorectal cancer surgery outcomes: nationwide cohort study. BJS Open 2024; 8:zrae027. [PMID: 38502539 PMCID: PMC10949959 DOI: 10.1093/bjsopen/zrae027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND National colorectal cancer screening commenced in Denmark in 2014. Little is known about the effects of organized colorectal cancer screening on intraoperative and postoperative events. The aim of this nationwide cohort study was to evaluate the difference in intraoperative and postoperative outcomes between patients with screen-detected colorectal cancer and non-screen-detected colorectal cancer within the first 90 days after surgery. METHODS National register data were collected for Danish residents diagnosed with colorectal cancer between January 2014 and March 2018. Outcomes for the two cohorts were reported as relative risk or weighted mean difference. Intraoperative outcomes were blood loss, blood transfusion, tumour perforation, and organ lesion. Postoperative outcomes were complications (surgical and non-surgical) and 90-day mortality. Discrete data estimates were calculated from a general linear model. Analyses were adjusted for potential healthy user bias with respect to sex, age, location of the cancer (colon/rectum), and Charlson co-morbidity index. RESULTS In total, 10 606 patients were included. Compared with patients in the non-screen-detected colorectal cancer group (4497 patients), patients in the screen-detected colorectal cancer group (6109 patients) had reduced intraoperative blood loss (-52 mL, 95% c.i. -67 to -37, P < 0.001), a shorter duration of hospitalization (-2.3 days, 95% c.i. -2.8 to -1.8, P < 0.001), and reduced rates of intraoperative organ lesion (0.76, 95% c.i. 0.59 to 0.99, P = 0.042), surgical complications (0.79, 95% c.i. 0.73 to 0.87, P < 0.001), non-surgical complications (0.68, 95% c.i. 0.60 to 0.78, P < 0.001), and 90-day mortality (0.29, 95% c.i. 0.21 to 0.39, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION In comparison with non-screen-detected colorectal cancer, surgery for screen-detected colorectal cancer remains associated with improvement in several intraoperative and early postoperative outcomes after considering healthy user bias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jannie Dressler
- Digestive Disease Centre, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sisse H Njor
- Research Clinic for Cancer Screening, Randers Regional Hospital, Randers, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Morten Rasmussen
- Digestive Disease Centre, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lars N Jørgensen
- Digestive Disease Centre, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Hazen SMJA, Sluckin TC, Intven MPW, Beets GL, Beets-Tan RGH, Borstlap WAA, Buffart TE, Buijsen J, Burger JWA, van Dieren S, Furnée EJB, Geijsen ED, Hompes R, Horsthuis K, Leijtens JWA, Maas M, Melenhorst J, Nederend J, Peeters KCMJ, Rozema T, Tuynman JB, Verhoef C, de Vries M, van Westreenen HL, de Wilt JH, Zimmerman DDE, Marijnen CAM, Tanis PJ, Kusters M. Abandonment of Routine Radiotherapy for Nonlocally Advanced Rectal Cancer and Oncological Outcomes. JAMA Oncol 2024; 10:202-211. [PMID: 38127337 PMCID: PMC10739079 DOI: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2023.5444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Importance Neoadjuvant short-course radiotherapy was routinely applied for nonlocally advanced rectal cancer (cT1-3N0-1M0 with >1 mm distance to the mesorectal fascia) in the Netherlands following the Dutch total mesorectal excision trial. This policy has shifted toward selective application after guideline revision in 2014. Objective To determine the association of decreased use of neoadjuvant radiotherapy with cancer-related outcomes and overall survival at a national level. Design, Setting, and Participants This multicenter, population-based, nationwide cross-sectional cohort study analyzed Dutch patients with rectal cancer who were treated in 2011 with a 4-year follow-up. A similar study was performed in 2021, analyzing all patients that were surgically treated in 2016. From these cohorts, all patients with cT1-3N0-1M0 rectal cancer and radiologically unthreatened mesorectal fascia were included in the current study. The data of the 2011 cohort were collected between May and October 2015, and the data of the 2016 cohort were collected between October 2020 and November 2021. The data were analyzed between May and October 2022. Main Outcomes and Measures The main outcomes were 4-year local recurrence and overall survival rates. Results Among the 2011 and 2016 cohorts, 1199 (mean [SD] age, 68 [11] years; 430 women [36%]) of 2095 patients (57.2%) and 1576 (mean [SD] age, 68 [10] years; 547 women [35%]) of 3057 patients (51.6%) had cT1-3N0-1M0 rectal cancer and were included, with proportions of neoadjuvant radiotherapy of 87% (2011) and 37% (2016). Four-year local recurrence rates were 5.8% and 5.5%, respectively (P = .99). Compared with the 2011 cohort, 4-year overall survival was significantly higher in the 2016 cohort (79.6% vs 86.4%; P < .001), with lower non-cancer-related mortality (13.8% vs 6.3%; P < .001). Conclusions and Relevance The results of this cross-sectional study suggest that an absolute 50% reduction in radiotherapy use for nonlocally advanced rectal cancer did not compromise cancer-related outcomes at a national level. Optimizing clinical staging and surgery following the Dutch total mesorectal excision trial has potentially enabled safe deintensification of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanne-Marije J. A. Hazen
- Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Surgery, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Treatment and Quality of Life, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Imaging and Biomarkers, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Tania C. Sluckin
- Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Surgery, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Treatment and Quality of Life, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Imaging and Biomarkers, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Martijn P. W. Intven
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Geerard L. Beets
- Department of Surgery, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- GROW School of Oncology and Developmental Biology, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Regina G. H. Beets-Tan
- GROW School of Oncology and Developmental Biology, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Department of Radiology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Wernard A. A. Borstlap
- Department of Surgery, Amsterdam UMC location of the University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Tineke E. Buffart
- Department of Treatment and Quality of Life, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Buijsen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Department of Radiation Oncology (Maastro), GROW School for Oncology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | | | - Susan van Dieren
- Department of Treatment and Quality of Life, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Surgery and Clinical Epidemiology, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Edgar J. B. Furnée
- Department of Surgery, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - E. Debby Geijsen
- Department of Treatment and Quality of Life, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Amsterdam UMC location of the University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Roel Hompes
- Department of Treatment and Quality of Life, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Surgery, Amsterdam UMC location of the University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Karin Horsthuis
- Department of Imaging and Biomarkers, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Radiology, Amsterdam UMC location of Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Monique Maas
- Department of Radiology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jarno Melenhorst
- GROW School of Oncology and Developmental Biology, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Joost Nederend
- Department of Radiology, Catharina Hospital Eindhoven, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | | | - Tom Rozema
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Verbeeten Institute, Tilburg, the Netherlands
| | - Jurriaan B. Tuynman
- Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Surgery, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Treatment and Quality of Life, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Imaging and Biomarkers, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Cornelis Verhoef
- Department of Surgical Oncology and Gastrointestinal Surgery, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marianne de Vries
- Department of Radiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | - Johannes H.W. de Wilt
- Department of Surgery, Radboud University Medical Centre, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Corrie A. M. Marijnen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Pieter J. Tanis
- Department of Treatment and Quality of Life, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Imaging and Biomarkers, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Surgery, Amsterdam UMC location of the University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Surgical Oncology and Gastrointestinal Surgery, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Miranda Kusters
- Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Surgery, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Treatment and Quality of Life, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Imaging and Biomarkers, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Dressler J, Njor SH, Rasmussen M, Jørgensen LN. Treatment of patients with screen-detected colorectal cancer is less strenuous: a nationwide cohort study with long-term follow-up. Public Health 2024; 227:169-175. [PMID: 38232565 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2023.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE During the last two decades, organised colorectal cancer (CRC) screening has been widely implemented. It remains to be established if screen-detected CRC (SD-CRC) is associated with reduced long-term requirements for treatment as compared with patients with non-screen-detected CRC (NSD-CRC). STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS This nationwide cohort study evaluated differences in treatment and healthcare contacts from the date of diagnosis to two years after comparing patients with SD-CRC and NSD-CRC. Data were collected from national healthcare registers, including patients aged 50-75 years and diagnosed with CRC between January 1st 2014 and March 31st 2018. Analyses were stratified into UICC stages and adjusted for sex, 5-year age groups, type of cancer (colonic/rectal), and Charlson comorbidity index score to address healthy user bias. RESULTS In total, 12,040 patients were included, 4708 with SD-CRC and 7332 with NSD-CRC. In patients with SD-CRC, the duration of hospitalisation and rate of emergency surgery were reduced by 38 % (relative risk [RR] = 0.62) and 66 % (RR = 0.34), respectively. Moreover, this group was characterised by a 75 % reduction in oncological outpatient visits (RR = 0.35) and a reduced number of treatments with chemotherapy (RR = 0.57) and radiotherapy (RR = 0.50). There were no significant differences between the two populations in the rates of metastasectomy and the number of contacts with primary healthcare providers. CONCLUSION Compared to patients with NSD-CRC, patients with SD-CRC experience less hospitalisation and treatment within the first two years after diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Dressler
- Digestive Disease Center, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - S H Njor
- Research Clinic for Cancer Screening, Randers Regional Hospital, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - M Rasmussen
- Digestive Disease Center, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - L N Jørgensen
- Digestive Disease Center, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
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Greijdanus NG, van Erning FN, van Workum F, Tanis PJ, de Wilt JHW, Vissers PAJ. Variation in hospital performances after colorectal cancer surgery: A case-mix adjusted Dutch population based study. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY 2024; 50:107296. [PMID: 38219695 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2023.107296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate hospital variability in postoperative mortality and anastomotic leakage (AL) after colorectal cancer surgery, as well as the association with hospital volume and teaching status. MATERIALS AND METHODS This nationwide population based study derived data from CRC patients who underwent a surgical resection with primary anastomosis from the Netherlands Cancer Registry between 2015 and 2020. Primary outcomes were 90-day mortality and AL for colon cancer (CC) patients, and AL for rectal cancer (RC) patients. Logistic regression modelling was used to evaluate the association between case-mix factors and hospital volume. Variability in outcomes between hospitals was analysed with Poisson regression. RESULTS This study included 44,101 CRC patients, comprising 35,164 CC patients, and 8937 RC patients. In the CC cohort, the unadjusted rates of AL ranged from 2.6 % to 14.4 %, and the unadjusted 90-day mortality rates ranged from 0.0 % to 6.7 %. In the RC cohort, the unadjusted rates of AL ranged from 0.0 % to 28.6 %. After case-mix adjustment, two hospitals performed significantly worse than expected regarding 90-day mortality in the CC cohort, and in both CC and RC cohorts, significant outliers were observed concerning AL. Amongst CC patients, low case volume (OR 1.26 95%CI 1.08-1.46) was significantly associated with AL. CONCLUSION Statistically significant variations in hospital performance were observed among Dutch hospitals after CRC surgery, but this effect could not be entirely attributed to hospitals' teaching status. Nevertheless, concentrating care has the potential to improve outcomes by enhancing individual surgical performance and optimizing care pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nynke G Greijdanus
- Department of Surgery, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| | - Felice N van Erning
- Department of Research & Development, Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organization (IKNL), Utrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Surgery, Catharina Hospital, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Frans van Workum
- Department of Surgery, Canisius-Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Pieter J Tanis
- Department of Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Cancer Center Amsterdam, Treatment and Quality of Life, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Surgical Oncology and Gastrointestinal Surgery, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Johannes H W de Wilt
- Department of Surgery, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Pauline A J Vissers
- Department of Surgery, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Research & Development, Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organization (IKNL), Utrecht, the Netherlands
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7
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Dressler J, Njor SH, Jørgensen LN, Rasmussen M. Less Invasive Primary Treatment for Colorectal Cancer After Implementation of National Screening: A Nationwide Cohort Study. World J Surg 2023; 47:2877-2887. [PMID: 37610467 DOI: 10.1007/s00268-023-07142-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effect of organized colorectal cancer (CRC) screening on type of primary treatment remains sparsely investigated. This study evaluated the difference in primary treatment strategy between patients diagnosed with screen-detected (SD-CRC) and non-screen-detected colorectal cancer (NSD-CRC) in a national CRC screening program. METHODS This was a retrospective national register-based cohort study. Data on patients aged between 50 and 75 years and diagnosed with SD-CRC or NSD-CRC were retrieved from the national colorectal cancer screening database and the Danish Colorectal Cancer Group database. Outcomes related to surgical invasiveness were compared between the two cohorts. Differences were expressed as relative risks using log-binomial generalized linear regression models. UICC stage IV specific outcomes were analyzed using the same method. All analyses were adjusted for sex, age, type of cancer (colonic/rectal), and Charlson comorbidity index. RESULTS The study included 4707 patients with SD-CRC and 7328 with NSD-CRC. Therapeutic flexible endoscopy (SD-CRC: n = 636 vs. NSD-CRC: n = 334, RR: 2.50, P < 0.001), (robotic-assisted) laparoscopic resection ((n = 616 vs. n = 773, RR: 1.27, P < 0.001), n = 2759 vs. n = 3471, RR: 1.11, P < 0.001), and radical resection (n = 3890 vs. n = 4834, RR: 1.02, P = 0.002) were significantly more frequent in the SD-CRC group. The rates of emergency priority (n = 32 vs. n = 562, RR: 0.09, P < 0.001), open surgery (n = 391 vs. n = 1410, RR: 0.53, P < 0.001), supplementary organ resection (n = 259 vs. n = 860, RR: 0.56, P < 0.001), and stoma formation (n = 526 vs. n = 1040, RR: 0.89, P = 0.007) were significantly lower in the SD-CRC group. The rate of patients undergoing surgery with UICC stage IV disease was significantly higher in the SD-CRC group (SD-CRC: n = 262, NSD-CRC: n = 994, RR: 1.43, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION SD-CRC remained associated with less invasive primary surgical treatment following adjustment for potential healthy user bias. UICC stage IV disease may be less advanced in patients with SD-CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jannie Dressler
- Digestive Disease Center, Bispebjerg Hospital, Nielsine Nielsens Vej 11, Entrance 8, 2400, Copenhagen NV, Denmark.
| | - Sisse H Njor
- University Research Clinic for Cancer Screening, Randers Regional Hospital, Randers, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Lars N Jørgensen
- Digestive Disease Center, Bispebjerg Hospital, Nielsine Nielsens Vej 11, Entrance 8, 2400, Copenhagen NV, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Morten Rasmussen
- Digestive Disease Center, Bispebjerg Hospital, Nielsine Nielsens Vej 11, Entrance 8, 2400, Copenhagen NV, Denmark
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Improved Survival in a Cohort of Patients Aged 75 Years and Older With Fecal Immunochemical Testing-Detected Colorectal Cancer. Dis Colon Rectum 2023; 66:511-520. [PMID: 35764093 DOI: 10.1097/dcr.0000000000002409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fecal immunochemical testing is an accepted form of colorectal cancer screening and is recommended for adults up to the age of 75 years in Canadian guidelines. However, many individuals 75 years and older continue to receive fecal immunochemical testing despite being outside accepted guidelines. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine whether patients aged 75 years and older with screen-detected cancer demonstrated improved outcomes and survival compared with patients with non-screen-detected cancer. DESIGN This is a retrospective population-based cohort study. SETTINGS Provincial data were collected from the Alberta Cancer Registry and the Alberta Colorectal Cancer Screening Program between November 2013 and 2019. PATIENTS We identified an aggregated patient cohort aged 75 years and older with a diagnosis of colorectal cancer from November 2013 to November 2019, as well as patients 75 years and older who underwent fecal immunochemical testing within these dates. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The proportion of screen-detected colorectal cancers was calculated. Surgical intervention, hospital length of stay, postoperative mortality, and overall survival were analyzed. RESULTS Between November 2013 and 2019, 3586 patients 75 years and older were diagnosed with colorectal cancer; 690 (19%) were "screen-detected." Screen-detected patients were almost 3 times more likely to undergo surgery (OR, 2.83) and had a 36% overall survival benefit (HR, 0.64) compared with non-screen-detected patients, adjusted for other variables such as age, Charlson Comorbidity Index, and stage. LIMITATIONS The retrospective study design prevents conclusions regarding causation. CONCLUSIONS Screen detection of colorectal cancer in patients aged 75 years and older is associated with improved overall survival when controlling for other potential confounders. When compared with their non-screen-detected counterparts, these patients have an earlier stage of disease and are more likely to undergo surgical intervention with improved outcomes, irrespective of age. These data may support screening for appropriately selected patients who would otherwise fall outside of current guidelines. See Video Abstract at http://links.lww.com/DCR/B986 . SOBREVIDA MEJORADA EN UNA COHORTE DE PACIENTES DE AOS O MS CON CNCER COLORRECTAL DETECTADOS POR RIF ANTECEDENTES:La prueba basada en una Reacción Inmunoquímica Fecal - RIF, es una forma aceptada de detección de cáncer colorrectal y esta recomendada en adultos a partir de los 75 años en las guías canadienses. Sin embargo, muchas personas de 75 años o más continúan realizándose pruebas inmunoquímicas fecales a pesar de estar fuera de las guías aceptadas.OBJETIVO:Poder determinar si los pacientes de 75 años o más con detección RIF positiva a un cáncer demuestran mejores resultados y sobrevida comparados con los pacientes sin detección.DISEÑO:Estudio de cohortes retrospectivo basado en una población definida.CONFIGURACIÓN:Se recopilaron los datos provinciales del Registro de cánceres y del Programa de detección de cáncer colorrectal de Alberta, Canada, entre 2013 y 2019.PACIENTES:Identificamos una cohorte agregada de pacientes de 75 años o más con diagnóstico de cáncer colorrectal desde noviembre de 2013 hasta noviembre de 2019, así como pacientes de 75 años o más que se sometieron a pruebas inmunoquímicas fecales dentro de las fechas mencionadas.PRINCIPALES MEDIDAS DE RESULTADO:Se calculó la proporción de cánceres colorrectales detectados mediante un cribado. Se analizaron la intervención quirúrgica, la duración de la estadía hospitalaria, la mortalidad post-operatoria y la sobrevida global.RESULTADOS:Entre noviembre de 2013 y noviembre 2019, 3586 pacientes de 75 años o más, fueron diagnosticados con cáncer colorrectal; 690 (19%) fueron detectados por cribado. Los pacientes detectados mediante el cribado, tenían casi tres veces más probabilidades de someterse a una cirugía (Razón de Probabilidad de 2,83) y beneficiaron de una sobrevida general del 36 % (HR 0,64) comparados con los pacientes sin detectación por cribado, corregidos por otras variables como la edad, el índice de comorbilidad de Charlson y el estadío del tumor.LIMITACIONES:El diseño retrospective del presente estudio impide obtener conclusiones con respecto a la causalidad.CONCLUSIONES:La detección por cribado de cáncer colorrectal en pacientes de 75 años o más se asocia con una mejor sobrevida general cuando se controlan los otros posibles factores de confusión. Comparando con las contrapartes no detectadas por cribado, estos pacientes se encuentran en una etapa más temprana de la enfermedad y es más probable que se sometan a una intervención quirúrgica con mejores resultados, independientemente a la edad. Estos datos pueden respaldar la detección de pacientes adecuadamente seleccionados que, de otro modo, quedarían fuera de las pautas actuales. Consulte Video Resumen en http://links.lww.com/DCR/B986 . (Traducción-Dr. Xavier Delgadillo ).
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Krul MF, Elferink MAG, Kok NFM, Dekker E, Lansdorp-Vogelaar I, Meijer GA, Nagtegaal ID, Breekveldt ECH, Ruers TJM, van Leerdam ME, Kuhlmann KFD. Initial Impact of National CRC Screening on Incidence and Advanced Colorectal Cancer. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 21:797-807.e3. [PMID: 36116753 DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2022.08.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Screening for colorectal cancer (CRC) aims to decrease CRC incidence and mortality. Biennial fecal immunochemical test screening started in the Netherlands in 2014 for individuals 55-75 years of age. This study investigated the effect of screening on stage-specific incidence, with focus on stage III and IV CRC. METHODS Inhabitants diagnosed with CRC in 2009-2018 were included. CRC incidence per stage, year, and detection method (ie, screen-detected vs clinically detected) was evaluated. Patient, tumor, and treatment characteristics, and survival of patients with stage III and IV CRC, were compared according to the detection method. RESULTS Included were 140,649 CRCs in 136,882 patients. An initial peak of stage I-III CRC diagnoses after initiation of screening was followed by a continuous decrease within screening-eligible ages. Total CRC incidence remained higher than before screening, although stage II and IV CRC incidence decreased below prescreening levels. Screen-detected CRCs were significantly more frequently located in the left-sided colon (stage III; 43.7% vs 30.9%; stage IV: 45.1% vs 36.1%), and the primary tumor resection rate was higher (stage III colon: 99.8% vs 99.0%, rectum: 97.3% vs 89.7%; stage IV colon: 65.4% vs 56.6%, rectum: 47.3% vs 33.5%). Patients with screen-detected stage IV CRC had significantly more often single-organ metastases (74.5% vs 57.0%; P < .001) and more frequently received treatment with curative intent (colon: 41.3% vs 27.4%; rectum: 33.8% vs 24.6%). Overall survival significantly improved for patients with screen-detected CRCs (stage III: P < .001; stage IV: P < .001). CONCLUSIONS Five years after the start of a nationwide CRC screening program, a decrease in stage II and IV CRC incidence was observed. Patients with screen-detected stage III and stage IV CRC had less extensive disease and improved survival compared with those with clinically detected CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myrtle F Krul
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Marloes A G Elferink
- Department of Research and Development, Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organization, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Niels F M Kok
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Evelien Dekker
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Iris Lansdorp-Vogelaar
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Gerrit A Meijer
- Department of Pathology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Iris D Nagtegaal
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Emilie C H Breekveldt
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Theo J M Ruers
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Monique E van Leerdam
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Koert F D Kuhlmann
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Sarma EA, Thompson MJ, Bowles EJA, Burnett-Hartman AN, Hubbard RA, Yu O, Chubak J. Patient and tumour characteristics of screening-age adults diagnosed with screen-detected versus symptomatic colon cancer. Colorectal Dis 2022; 24:1344-1351. [PMID: 35739634 PMCID: PMC10018485 DOI: 10.1111/codi.16232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM International studies have shown that most colon cancers are diagnosed among people with symptoms, but research is limited in the United States. Here, we conducted a retrospective study of adults aged 50-85 years diagnosed with stage I-IIIA colon cancer between 1995 and 2014 in two US healthcare systems. METHODS Mode of detection (screening or symptomatic) was ascertained from medical records. We estimated unadjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) comparing detection mode by patient factors at diagnosis (year, age, sex, race, smoking status, body mass index [BMI], Charlson score), prediagnostic primary care utilization, and tumour characteristics (stage, location). RESULTS Of 1,675 people with colon cancer, 38.4% were screen-detected, while 61.6% were diagnosed following symptomatic presentation. Screen-detected cancer was more common among those diagnosed between 2010 and 2014 versus 1995-1999 (OR 1.65, 95% CI: 1.19-2.28), and those with a BMI of 25-<30 kg/m2 (OR 1.54, 95% CI: 1.21-1.98) or ≥30 kg/m2 (OR 1.52, 95% CI: 1.18-1.96) versus <25 kg/m2 . Screen-detected cancer was less common among people aged 76-85 (OR 0.50, 95% CI: 0.39-0.65) versus 50-64, those with comorbidity scores >0 (OR 0.71, 95% CI: 0.56-0.91 for score = 1, OR 0.34, 95% CI: 0.26-0.45 for score = 2+), and those with 2+ prediagnostic primary care visits (OR 0.53, 95% CI: 0.37-0.76) versus 0 visits. The odds of screen detection were lower among patients diagnosed with stage IIA (OR 0.33, 95% CI = 0.27-0.41) or IIB (OR 0.12, 95% CI: 0.06-0.24) cancers versus stage I. CONCLUSIONS Most colon cancers among screen-eligible adults were diagnosed following symptomatic presentation. Even with increasing screening rates over time, research is needed to better understand why specific groups are more likely to be diagnosed when symptomatic and identify opportunities for interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Sarma
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Matthew J Thompson
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Erin J A Bowles
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Kaiser Permanente Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - Rebecca A Hubbard
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Onchee Yu
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Kaiser Permanente Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Jessica Chubak
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Kaiser Permanente Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
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Brain D, Jadambaa A, Kularatna S. Methodology to derive preference for health screening programmes using discrete choice experiments: a scoping review. BMC Health Serv Res 2022; 22:1079. [PMID: 36002895 PMCID: PMC9400308 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-022-08464-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While involving users in healthcare decision-making has become increasingly common and important, there is a lack of knowledge about how to best design community-based health screening programs. Reviews of methods that incorporate discrete choice experiments (DCEs) are scarce, particularly for non-cancer illnesses like cardiovascular disease, diabetes and liver disease. We provide an overview of currently available applications and methods available by using DCEs in health screening programs, for chronic conditions. METHODS A scoping review was undertaken, where four electronic databases were searched for key terms to identify eligible DCE studies related to community health screening. We included studies that met a pre-determined criteria, including being published between 2011 and 2021, in English and reported findings on human participants. Data were systematically extracted, tabulated, and summarised in a narrative review. RESULTS A total of 27 studies that used a DCE to elicit preferences for cancer (n = 26) and cardiovascular disease screening (n = 1) programmes were included in the final analysis. All studies were assessed for quality, against a list of 13 criteria, with the median score being 9/13 (range 5-12). Across the 27 studies, the majority (80%) had the same overall scores. Two-thirds of included studies reported a sample size calculation, approximately half (13/27) administered the survey completely online and over 75% used the general public as the participating population. CONCLUSION Our review has led to highlighting several areas of current practice that can be improved, particularly greater use of sample size calculations, increased use of qualitative methods, better explanation of the chosen experimental design including how choice sets are generated, and methods for analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Brain
- Australian Centre for Health Services Innovation, Centre for Healthcare Transformation, School of Public Health and Social Work, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, 4059, QLD, Australia
| | - Amarzaya Jadambaa
- Australian Centre for Health Services Innovation, Centre for Healthcare Transformation, School of Public Health and Social Work, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, 4059, QLD, Australia
| | - Sanjeewa Kularatna
- Australian Centre for Health Services Innovation, Centre for Healthcare Transformation, School of Public Health and Social Work, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, 4059, QLD, Australia.
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12
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Gijsbers KM, van der Schee L, van Veen T, van Berkel AM, Boersma F, Bronkhorst CM, Didden PD, Haasnoot KJ, Jonker AM, Kessels K, Knijn N, van Lijnschoten I, Mijnals C, Milne AN, Moll FC, Schrauwen RW, Schreuder RM, Seerden TJ, Spanier MB, Terhaar Sive Droste JS, Witteveen E, de Vos tot Nederveen Cappel WH, Vleggaar FP, Laclé MM, ter Borg F, Moons LM. Impact of ≥ 0.1-mm free resection margins on local intramural residual cancer after local excision of T1 colorectal cancer. Endosc Int Open 2022; 10:E282-E290. [PMID: 35836740 PMCID: PMC9274442 DOI: 10.1055/a-1736-6960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and study aims A free resection margin (FRM) > 1 mm after local excision of a T1 colorectal cancer (CRC) is known to be associated with a low risk of local intramural residual cancer (LIRC). The risk is unclear, however, for FRMs between 0.1 to 1 mm. This study evaluated the risk of LIRC after local excision of T1 CRC with FRMs between 0.1 and 1 mm in the absence of lymphovascular invasion (LVI), poor differentiation and high-grade tumor budding (Bd2-3). Patients and methods Data from all consecutive patients with local excision of T1 CRC between 2014 and 2017 were collected from 11 hospitals. Patients with a FRM ≥ 0.1 mm without LVI and poor differentiation were included. The main outcome was risk of LIRC (composite of residual cancer in the local excision scar in adjuvant resection specimens or local recurrence during follow-up). Tumor budding was also assessed for cases with a FRM between 0.1 and 1mm. Results A total of 171 patients with a FRM between 0.1 and 1 mm and 351 patients with a FRM > 1 mm were included. LIRC occurred in five patients (2.9 %; 95 % confidence interval [CI] 1.0-6.7 %) and two patients (0.6 %; 95 % CI 0.1-2.1 %), respectively. Assessment of tumor budding showed Bd2-3 in 80 % of cases with LIRC and in 16 % of control cases. Accordingly, in patients with a FRM between 0.1 and 1 mm without Bd2-3, LIRC was detected in one patient (0.8%; 95 % CI 0.1-4.4 %). Conclusions In this study, risks of LIRC were comparable for FRMs between 0.1 and 1 mm and > 1 mm in the absence of other histological risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim M. Gijsbers
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands,Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Deventer Hospital, Deventer, The Netherlands
| | - Lisa van der Schee
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Tessa van Veen
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Femke Boersma
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Gelre Hospital, Apeldoorn, The Netherlands
| | | | - Paul D. Didden
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Krijn J.C. Haasnoot
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Anne M. Jonker
- Department of Pathology, Gelre Hospital, Apeldoorn, The Netherlands
| | - Koen Kessels
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Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein,
The Netherlands
| | - Nikki Knijn
- Pathology-DNA, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, The Netherlands
| | | | - Clinton Mijnals
- Department of Pathology, Amphia Hospital, Breda, The Netherlands
| | - Anya N. Milne
- Pathology-DNA, St. Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - Freek C.P. Moll
- Department of Pathology, Isala Clinics, Zwolle, The Netherlands
| | - Ruud W.M. Schrauwen
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Bernhoven, Uden, The Netherlands
| | - Ramon-Michel Schreuder
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Catharina Hospital, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Tom J. Seerden
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Amphia Hospital, Breda, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel B.W.M. Spanier
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, The Netherlands
| | | | - Emma Witteveen
- Department of Pathology, Noordwest Hospital, Alkmaar, The Netherlands
| | | | - Frank P. Vleggaar
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Miangela M. Laclé
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Frank ter Borg
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Deventer Hospital, Deventer, The Netherlands
| | - Leon M.G. Moons
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Arron MNN, Greijdanus NG, ten Broek RPG, Dekker JWT, van Workum F, van Goor H, Tanis PJ, de Wilt JHW. Trends in risk factors of anastomotic leakage after colorectal cancer surgery (2011-2019): A Dutch population-based study. Colorectal Dis 2021; 23:3251-3261. [PMID: 34536987 PMCID: PMC9293104 DOI: 10.1111/codi.15911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
AIM Anastomotic leakage (AL) after colon cancer (CC) and rectal cancer (RC) surgery often requires reintervention. Prevalence and morbidity may change over time with evolutions in treatment strategies and changes in patient characteristics. This nationwide study aimed to evaluate changes in the incidence, risk factors and mortality from AL during the past nine years. METHODS Data of CC and RC resections with primary anastomosis were extracted from the Dutch Colorectal Audit (2011-2019). AL was registered if requiring reintervention. Three consecutive cohorts were compared using logistic regression analysis. RESULTS Incidence of AL after CC surgery decreased from 6.6% in 2011-2013 to 4.8% in 2017-2019 and increased from 8.6% to 11.9% after RC surgery. In 2011-2013, male sex, ASA ≥3, (y)pT3-4, neoadjuvant therapy, emergency surgery and multivisceral resection were identified as risk factors for AL after CC surgery. In 2017-2019, only male sex and ASA ≥3 were risk factors for AL. For RC patients, male sex and neoadjuvant therapy were a risk factor for AL in 2011-2013. In 2017-2019, transanal approach was also a risk factor for AL. Postoperative mortality rate after AL was 12% (CC) and 2% (RC) in 2017-2019, without significant changes over time. CONCLUSION Contradictory trends in incidence and mortality for AL were observed among CC and RC surgery with changing risk factors over the past 9 years. High mortality after AL is only observed after CC surgery and remains unchanged. Continued efforts should be made to improve early detection and treatment of AL for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa N. N. Arron
- Radboud Institute for Health SciencesDepartment of SurgeryRadboud University Medical CentreNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Nynke G. Greijdanus
- Radboud Institute for Health SciencesDepartment of SurgeryRadboud University Medical CentreNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Richard P. G. ten Broek
- Radboud Institute for Health SciencesDepartment of SurgeryRadboud University Medical CentreNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | | | - Frans van Workum
- Department of SurgeryCanisius‐Wilhelmina HospitalNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Harry van Goor
- Radboud Institute for Health SciencesDepartment of SurgeryRadboud University Medical CentreNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Pieter J. Tanis
- Amsterdam UMCDepartment of SurgeryCancer Centre AmsterdamUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Johannes H. W. de Wilt
- Radboud Institute for Health SciencesDepartment of SurgeryRadboud University Medical CentreNijmegenThe Netherlands
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Franko J, Le VH, Tee MC, Lin M, Sedinkin J, Raman S, Frankova D. Signet ring cell carcinoma of the gastrointestinal tract: National trends on treatment effects and prognostic outcomes. Cancer Treat Res Commun 2021; 29:100475. [PMID: 34655861 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctarc.2021.100475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Signet ring cell carcinoma (SRCC) is a distinct malignancy occurring across the tubular gastrointestinal tract (tGIT). We comprehensively examined the outcomes of patients diagnosed with SRCC across tGIT. METHODS SRCC and not-otherwise-specified adenocarcinoma (NOS) patients reported to the National Cancer Database from 2004 to 2015 were included. Baseline characteristics, outcomes and site-specific adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) derived from Cox models of SRCC patients were compared to those of NOS patients. Overall survival (OS) was primary endpoint. RESULTS A total of 41,686 SRCC (4.6%) and 871,373 NOS patients (95.4%) were included. SRCC patients were younger (63.1 ± 14.7 vs. 67.0 ± 13.4 y, p < 0.001) and more likely to present with Stage IV disease than NOS patients (42.5% vs. 24.5%, p < 0.001). Stomach (n = 24,433) and colon (n = 9,914) contributed highest frequency of SRCC. SRCC histology was associated with shorter OS (aHR = 1.377, p < 0.001) in multivariate model. There was an interaction between SRCC and chemotherapy effects on risk of death (interaction aHR = 1.072, pinteraction< 0.001) and between SRCC histology and disease site, suggesting that the effect of SRCC on OS is site-dependent, with a higher increased risk of death in patients with rectal SRCC (aHR = 2.378, pinteraction< 0.001). CONCLUSION Significant negative prognostic effect associated with SRCC is site-dependent across the GIT. Surgical and or systemic therapy was associated with improved OS among SRCC patients, but remained lower than NOS patients. Further understanding of gastrointestinal SRCC molecular profile is needed to better inform future treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Franko
- MercyOne Medical Center, Des Moines, IA, USA.
| | - Viet H Le
- MercyOne Medical Center, Des Moines, IA, USA
| | - May C Tee
- MercyOne Medical Center, Des Moines, IA, USA
| | - Mayin Lin
- MercyOne Medical Center, Des Moines, IA, USA
| | | | | | - Daniela Frankova
- MercyOne Medical Center, Des Moines, IA, USA; Des Moines University, Des Moines, IA, USA
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van Rees JM, Visser E, van Vugt JLA, Rothbarth J, Verhoef C, van Verschuer VMT. Impact of nutritional status and body composition on postoperative outcomes after pelvic exenteration for locally advanced and locally recurrent rectal cancer. BJS Open 2021; 5:6406859. [PMID: 34672343 PMCID: PMC8529522 DOI: 10.1093/bjsopen/zrab096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pelvic exenteration for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) and locally recurrent (LRRC) rectal cancer provides radical resection and local control, but is associated with considerable morbidity. The aim of this study was to determine risk factors, including nutritional status and body composition, for postoperative morbidity and survival after pelvic exenteration in patients with LARC or LRRC. Methods Patients with LARC or LRRC who underwent total or posterior pelvic exenteration in a tertiary referral centre from 2003 to 2018 were analysed retrospectively. Nutritional status was assessed using the Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST). Body composition was estimated using standard-of-care preoperative CT of the abdomen. Logistic regression analyses were performed to identify risk factors for complications with a Clavien–Dindo grade of III or higher. Risk factors for impaired overall survival were calculated using Cox proportional hazards analysis. Results In total, 227 patients who underwent total (111) or posterior (116) pelvic exenteration were analysed. Major complications (Clavien–Dindo grade at least III) occurred in 82 patients (36.1 per cent). High risk of malnutrition (MUST score 2 or higher) was the only risk factor for major complications (odds ratio 3.99, 95 per cent c.i. 1.76 to 9.02) in multivariable analysis. Mean follow-up was 44.6 months. LRRC (hazard ratio (HR) 1.61, 95 per cent c.i. 1.04 to 2.48) and lymphovascular invasion (HR 2.20, 1.38 to 3.51) were independent risk factors for impaired overall survival. Conclusion A high risk of malnutrition according to the MUST is a strong risk factor for major complications in patients with LARC or LRRC undergoing exenteration surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan M van Rees
- Department of Surgical Oncology and Gastrointestinal Surgery, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Eva Visser
- Department of Surgical Oncology and Gastrointestinal Surgery, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jeroen L A van Vugt
- Department of Surgery, IJsselland Hospital, Capelle aan den IJssel, the Netherlands
| | - Joost Rothbarth
- Department of Surgical Oncology and Gastrointestinal Surgery, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Cornelis Verhoef
- Department of Surgical Oncology and Gastrointestinal Surgery, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Victorien M T van Verschuer
- Department of Surgical Oncology and Gastrointestinal Surgery, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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Wilhelmsen M, Njor SH, Roikjær O, Rasmussen M, Gögenur I. IMPACT OF SCREENING ON SHORT-TERM MORTALITY AND MORBIDITY FOLLOWING TREATMENT FOR COLORECTAL CANCER. Scand J Surg 2021; 110:465-471. [PMID: 34098830 DOI: 10.1177/14574969211019824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The aim of this study was to describe short-term changes in morbidity and mortality associated with the implementation of screening for colorectal cancer in Denmark. MATERIALS AND METHODS Prospective cohort study with inclusion of all patients aged 50-75 years treated for colorectal cancer between 1 March 2014 and 31 December 2015 in Denmark. Adjusted hazard ratios were calculated for 30 and 90 days mortality using Cox Regression. We made two adjusted models-a "basic" adjusted for screening status, sex, age, smoking, alcohol consumption, and cancer type and an "advanced" that also included body mass index and American society of Anesthesiologists score in analyses. Relative risks were calculated for postoperative surgical and medical complications. RESULTS In total, 5348 patients were included. In the "basic model," adjusted risk of 30 and 90 days total mortality was reduced in the screen-detected group (p < 0.01, HR = 0.43, CI = 0.24-0.76) and (p < 0.01, HR = 0.45, CI = 0.30-0.69). In the "advanced model," only 90 days total mortality was significantly reduced in the screen-detected group (p = 0.01, HR 0.59, CI = 0.39-0.90). No significant changes were found with regard to surgical and medical complications, respectively, (p = 0.05 (CI = 0.76-1.00) and p = 0.47(CI = 0.74-1.15)). CONCLUSION This nationwide study showed that screening for colorectal cancer was associated with a lower 90 days total mortality although no significant improvements were seen with regard to morbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Wilhelmsen
- Gastrounit, Surgical Division, Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - S H Njor
- Department of Public Health Programmes, Randers Regional Hospital, Randers, Denmark.,Danish Bowel Cancer Screening Database, Aarhus N, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - O Roikjær
- Danish Bowel Cancer Screening Database, Aarhus N, Denmark.,Department of Surgery, Zealand University Hospital, Køge, Denmark.,University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Danish Colorectal Cancer Group (DCCG), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M Rasmussen
- Danish Bowel Cancer Screening Database, Aarhus N, Denmark.,University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Digestive Disease Center, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - I Gögenur
- Department of Surgery, Zealand University Hospital, Køge, Denmark.,University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Danish Colorectal Cancer Group (DCCG), Copenhagen, Denmark
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17
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The Relationship Between Co-morbidity, Screen-Detection and Outcome in Patients Undergoing Resection for Colorectal Cancer. World J Surg 2021; 45:2251-2260. [PMID: 33774690 PMCID: PMC8154830 DOI: 10.1007/s00268-021-06079-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bowel cancer screening increases early stage disease detection and reduces cancer-specific mortality. We assessed the relationship between co-morbidity, screen-detection and survival in colorectal cancer. METHODS A retrospective, observational cohort study compared screen-detected (SD) and non-screen-detected (NSD) patients undergoing potentially curative resection (April 2009-March 2011). Co-morbidity was quantified using ASA, Lee and Charlson Indices. Systemic inflammatory response was measured using the neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR). Covariables were compared using crosstabulation and the χ2 test for linear trend. Survival was analysed using Cox Regression. RESULTS Of 770 patients, 331 had SD- and 439 NSD-disease. A lower proportion of SD patients had a high ASA (≥3) compared to NSD (27.2% vs 37.3%; p = 0.007). There was no significant difference in the proportion of patients with a high (≥2) Lee Index (16.3% SD vs 21.9% NSD; p = 0.054) or high (≥3) Charlson Index (22.7% SD vs 26.9% NSD; p = 0.181). On univariate analysis, NSD (HR 2.182 (1.594-2.989;p < 0.001)), emergency presentation (HR 3.390 (2.401-4.788; p < 0.001)), advanced UICC-TNM (III or IV) (p < 0.001), high ASA (≥3) (HR 1.857 (1.362-2.532; p < 0.001)), high Charlson Index (≥3) (HR 1.800 (1.333-2.432; p < 0.001)) and high (≥3) NLR (HR 1.825 (1.363-2.442; p < 0.001)) were associated with poorer overall survival (OS). NSD predicted poorer cancer-specific survival (CSS) (HR 2.763 (1.776-4.298; p < 0.001)). On multivariate analysis, NSD retained significance as an independent predictor of poorer OS (HR 1.796 (1.224-2.635; p = 0.003)) and CSS (HR 1.924 (1.193-3.102; p = 0.007)). CONCLUSIONS Patients with SD cancers have significantly lower ASA scores. After adjusting for ASA, co-morbidity and a broad range of covariables, SD patients retain significantly better OS and CSS.
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18
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Spolverato G, Capelli G, Battagello J, Barina A, Nordio S, Finotti E, Mondi I, Da Lio C, Morpurgo E, Navarro JA, Ceccato F, Perin A, Pedrazzani C, Turri G, Zanus G, Campi M, Massani M, Di Giacomo A, Prando D, Agresta F, Pucciarelli S, Zorzi M, Rugge M. More Favorable Short and Long-Term Outcomes for Screen-Detected Colorectal Cancer Patients. Front Oncol 2021; 11:620644. [PMID: 33791207 PMCID: PMC8005726 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.620644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Screening significantly reduces mortality from colorectal cancer (CRC). Screen detected (SD) tumors associate with better prognosis, even at later stage, compared to non-screen detected (NSD) tumors. We aimed to evaluate the association between diagnostic modality (SD vs. NSD) and short- and long-term outcomes of patients undergoing surgery for CRC. Materials and Methods This retrospective cohort study involved patients aged 50–69 years, residing in Veneto, Italy, who underwent curative-intent surgery for CRC between 2006 and 2018. The clinical multi-institutional dataset was linked with the screening dataset in order to define diagnostic modality (SD vs. NSD). Short- and long-term outcomes were compared between the two groups. Results Of 1,360 patients included, 464 were SD (34.1%) and 896 NSD (65.9%). Patients with a SD CRC were more likely to have less comorbidities (p = 0.013), lower ASA score (p = 0.001), tumors located in the proximal colon (p = 0.0018) and earlier stage at diagnosis (p < 0.0001). NSD patients were found to have more aggressive disease at diagnosis, higher complication rate and higher readmission rate due to surgical complications (all p < 0.05). NSD patients had a significantly lower Disease Free Survival and Overall Survival (all p < 0.0001), even after adjusting by demographic, clinic-pathological, tumor, and treatment characteristics. Conclusions SD tumors were associated with better long-term outcomes, even after multiple adjustments. Our results confirm the advantages for the target population to participate in the screening programs and comply with their therapeutic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaya Spolverato
- Department Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Giulia Capelli
- Department Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Barina
- Department Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Susi Nordio
- General Surgery Unit, "SS. Giovanni e Paolo" Hospital, Venezia, Italy
| | - Elena Finotti
- General Surgery Unit, "SS. Giovanni e Paolo" Hospital, Venezia, Italy
| | | | | | - Emilio Morpurgo
- General Surgery Unit, Camposampiero Hospital, Camposampiero, Italy
| | | | - Fabio Ceccato
- General Surgery Unit, "Sant'Antonio" Hospital, Padova, Italy
| | - Alessandro Perin
- Department Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Corrado Pedrazzani
- Division of General and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Giulia Turri
- Division of General and Hepatobiliary Surgery, Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Giacomo Zanus
- IV Surgical Unit, Ca' Foncello Hospital, Treviso, Italy
| | - Michela Campi
- IV Surgical Unit, Ca' Foncello Hospital, Treviso, Italy
| | - Marco Massani
- III Surgical Unit, Ca' Foncello Hospital, Treviso, Italy
| | | | - Daniela Prando
- Department of General Surgery, Adria Civil Hospital, Adria, Italy
| | | | - Salvatore Pucciarelli
- Department Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Manuel Zorzi
- Veneto Tumor Registry, Azienda Zero, Padova, Italy
| | - Massimo Rugge
- Department of Medicine DIMED, Pathology and Cytopathology Unit, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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19
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Qaderi SM, Galjart B, Verhoef C, Slooter GD, Koopman M, Verhoeven RHA, de Wilt JHW, van Erning FN. Disease recurrence after colorectal cancer surgery in the modern era: a population-based study. Int J Colorectal Dis 2021; 36:2399-2410. [PMID: 33813606 PMCID: PMC8505312 DOI: 10.1007/s00384-021-03914-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This population-based study determined the cumulative incidence (CI) of local, regional, and distant recurrences, examined metastatic patterns, and identified risk factors for recurrence after curative treatment for CRC. METHODS All patients undergoing resection for pathological stage I-III CRC between January 2015 and July 2015 and registered in the Netherlands Cancer Registry were selected (N = 5412). Additional patient record review and data collection on recurrences was conducted by trained administrators in 2019. Three-year CI of recurrence was calculated according to sublocation (right-sided: RCC, left-sided: LCC and rectal cancer: RC) and stage. Cox competing risk regression analyses were used to identify risk factors for recurrence. RESULTS The 3-year CI of recurrence for stage I, II, and III RCC and LCC was 0.03 vs. 0.03, 0.12 vs. 0.16, and 0.31 vs. 0.24, respectively. The 3-year CI of recurrence for stage I, II, and III RC was 0.08, 0.24, and 0.38. Distant metastases were found in 14, 12, and 16% of patients with RCC, LCC, and RC. Multiple site metastases were found often in patients with RCC, LCC, and RC (42 vs. 32 vs. 28%). Risk factors for recurrence in stage I-II CRC were age 65-74 years, pT4 tumor size, and poor tumor differentiation whereas in stage III CRC, these were ASA III, pT4 tumor size, N2, and poor tumor differentiation. CONCLUSIONS Recurrence rates in recently treated patients with CRC were lower than reported in the literature and the metastatic pattern and recurrence risks varied between anatomical sublocations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed M. Qaderi
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands ,Department of Surgery, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Boris Galjart
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelis Verhoef
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gerrit D. Slooter
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Máxima Medical Center, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Miriam Koopman
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Robert H. A. Verhoeven
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands ,Department of Research & Development, Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organisation, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes H. W. de Wilt
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Felice N. van Erning
- Department of Research & Development, Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organisation, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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20
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Dressler J, Johnsen AT, Madsen LJ, Rasmussen M, Jorgensen LN. Factors affecting patient adherence to publicly funded colorectal cancer screening programmes: a systematic review. Public Health 2020; 190:67-74. [PMID: 33360029 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2020.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer. Many countries in Europe have already implemented systematic screening programmes as per the recommendations by the European Union. The impact of screening is highly dependent on participation rates. The aim of the study was to identify barriers, facilitators and modifiers to participation in systematised, stool sample-based, publicly financed CRC screening programmes. STUDY DESIGN Systematic review. METHODS A systematic search in PubMed, Embase, MEDLINE, CINAHL, Cochrane CENTRAL, Google Scholar and PsycINFO was undertaken. We included both qualitative and quantitative studies reporting on barriers and facilitators (excluding sociodemographic variables) to participation in stool sample-based CRC screening. Barriers and facilitators to participation were summarised and analysed. RESULTS The inclusion criteria were met in 21 studies. Reported barriers and facilitators were categorised into the following seven themes (examples): psychology (fear of cancer), religion (believing cancer is the will of God), logistics (not knowing how to conduct the test), health-related factors (mental health), knowledge and awareness (lack of knowledge about the test), role of the general practitioner (being supported in taking the test by the general practitioner), and environmental factors (knowing someone who has participated in a screening programme). Six studies reported that non-participation was not due to a negative attitude towards screening for CRC. CONCLUSION Many barriers to screening were found. It is important to work with peoples' fear of screening. Moreover, this review suggests that it might be possible to increase participation rates, if the population-wide awareness and knowledge of potential health benefits of CRC screening are increased and proper logistical support is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Dressler
- Digestive Disease Center, Bispebjerg Hospital, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - A T Johnsen
- Institute of Psychology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
| | - L J Madsen
- Digestive Disease Center, Bispebjerg Hospital, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - M Rasmussen
- Digestive Disease Center, Bispebjerg Hospital, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - L N Jorgensen
- Digestive Disease Center, Bispebjerg Hospital, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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21
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Høydahl Ø, Edna TH, Xanthoulis A, Lydersen S, Endreseth BH. Long-term trends in colorectal cancer: incidence, localization, and presentation. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:1077. [PMID: 33167924 PMCID: PMC7653698 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-07582-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The purpose of this study was to assess trends in incidence and presentation of colorectal cancer (CRC) over a period of 37 years in a stable population in Mid-Norway. Secondarily, we wanted to predict the future burden of CRC in the same catchment area. Methods All 2268 patients diagnosed with CRC at Levanger Hospital between 1980 and 2016 were included in this study. We used Poisson regression to calculate the incidence rate ratio (IRR) and analyse factors associated with incidence. Results The incidence of CRC increased from 43/100,000 person-years during 1980–1984 to 84/100,000 person-years during 2012–2016. Unadjusted IRR increased by 1.8% per year, corresponding to an overall increase in incidence of 94.5%. Changes in population (ageing and sex distribution) contributed to 28% of this increase, whereas 72% must be attributed to primary preventable factors associated with lifestyle. Compared with the last observational period, we predict a further 40% increase by 2030, and a 70% increase by 2040. Acute colorectal obstruction was associated with tumours in the left flexure and descending colon. Spontaneous colorectal perforation was associated with tumours in the descending colon, caecum, and sigmoid colon. The incidence of obstruction remained stable, while the incidence of perforation decreased throughout the observational period. The proportion of earlier stages at diagnosis increased significantly in recent decades. Conclusion CRC incidence increased substantially from 1980 to 2016, mainly due to primary preventable factors. The incidence will continue to increase during the next two decades, mainly due to further ageing of the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Øystein Høydahl
- Department of Surgery, Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger, Norway. .,IKOM Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Tom-Harald Edna
- Department of Surgery, Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger, Norway.,IKOM Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Athanasios Xanthoulis
- Department of Surgery, Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger, Norway.,IKOM Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Stian Lydersen
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare - Central Norway, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Birger Henning Endreseth
- IKOM Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.,Clinic of Surgery, St Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
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22
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van der Linden RLA, Rijstenberg LL, van der Linden JC, Vogelaar FJ, Nagtegaal ID, Pruijt JFM, van de Velde CJH, van den Brule A, Bosscha K. Node negative colorectal cancer patients: assesment of high-risk features on recurrence. Pathol Res Pract 2020; 216:153034. [PMID: 32825973 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2020.153034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The introduction of population-based screening programs for colorectal cancer (CRC) results in less patients with advanced disease. There is an increase in the amount of node negative CRC, which makes adequate risk stratification for this particular group of patients necessary. The addition of more risk factors to the conventional histological high-risk factors is investigated in this retrospective study. PATIENTS AND METHODS A cohort of 227 node negative (stage I and II) CRC patients who were not treated with adjuvant chemotherapy were selected from two previously conducted cohort studies. Detailed histopathological examination was performed by two independent observers and molecular background (BRAF/RAS mutations, microsatellite status (MSI)) was studied. Univariate analyses were used to analyse differences in histological and mutational characteristics between patients with and without recurrence. P-values below 0.05 were considered statistically significant. RESULTS Poorly differentiated histology (p:0.002), BRAF mutation (p:0.002) and MSI status (p:0.006) were found significant relevant risk factors that were related to recurrent disease. Poorly differentiated histology was associated with intermediate/high tumor budding (TB) (p:0.001), a BRAF mutation (p:0.001) and MSI status (p:0.001). A combination of all three features (poorly differentiated histology, BRAF and MSI) was more often present in the recurrence group. CONCLUSIONS Recurrence in node negative CRC patients could be better predicted when molecular features such as, BRAF mutation and MSI status are incorporated into a model with poorly differentiated CRC. Therefore, these features might help in the selection of patients who possibly will benefit from adjuvant treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- R L A van der Linden
- Department of Surgery, Jeroen Bosch Hospital,' s-Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands; Department of Pathology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - L L Rijstenberg
- Department of Pathology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - J C van der Linden
- Department of Pathology, Jeroen Bosch Hospital,' s-Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands
| | - F J Vogelaar
- Department of Surgery, VieCuri Medical Center, Venlo, The Netherlands
| | - I D Nagtegaal
- Department of Pathology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - J F M Pruijt
- Department of Oncology, Jeroen Bosch Hospital,' s-Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands
| | - C J H van de Velde
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - A van den Brule
- Department of Pathology, Lab for Molecular Diagnostics, Jeroen Bosch Hospital,' s-Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands
| | - K Bosscha
- Department of Surgery, Jeroen Bosch Hospital,' s-Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands
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23
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Characteristics in patients with symptomatic colorectal carcinomas and those detected by screening. Eur J Surg Oncol 2020; 46:220. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2019.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Impact of socioeconomic deprivation on short-term outcomes and long-term overall survival after colorectal resection for cancer. Int J Colorectal Dis 2019; 34:2101-2109. [PMID: 31713715 DOI: 10.1007/s00384-019-03431-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to assess the effects of socioeconomic deprivation on short-term outcomes and long-term overall survival following major resection of colorectal cancer (CRC) at a tertiary hospital in England. METHOD This was an observational cohort study of patients undergoing resection for colorectal cancer from January 2010 to December 2017. Deprivation was classified into quintiles using the English Indices of Multiple Deprivation 2010. Primary outcome was overall complications (Clavien-Dindo grades 1 to 5). Secondary outcomes were the major complications (Clavien-Dindo 3 to 5), length of hospital stay and overall survival. Outcomes were compared between most affluent group and most deprived group. Multivariate regression models were used to establish the relationship taking into account confounding variables. RESULTS One thousand eight hundred thirty-five patients were included. Overall and major complication rates were 44.9% and 11.5% respectively in the most affluent, and 54.6% and 15.6% in the most deprived group. Most deprived group was associated with higher overall complications (odds ratio 1.48, 95% CI 1.13-1.95, p = 0.005), higher major complications (odds ratio 1.49, 1.01-2.23, p = 0.048) and longer hospital stay (adjusted ratio 1.15, 1.06-1.25, p < 0.001) when compared with most affluent group. Median follow period was 41 months (interquartile range 20-64.5). Most deprived group had poor overall survival compared with most affluent, but it was not significant at the 5% level (hazard ratio 1.27, 0.99-1.62, p = 0.055). CONCLUSION Deprivation was associated with higher postoperative complications and longer hospital stay following major resection for CRC. Its relationship with survival was not statistically significant.
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25
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Antonelli G, Vanella G, Orlando D, Angeletti S, Di Giulio E. Recurrence and cancer-specific mortality after endoscopic resection of low- and high-risk pT1 colorectal cancers: a meta-analysis. Gastrointest Endosc 2019; 90:559-569.e3. [PMID: 31175875 DOI: 10.1016/j.gie.2019.05.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Clinical management after complete endoscopic resection of pT1 colorectal cancers (CRCs) is still under debate. Follow-up data are heterogeneous and poorly reported, resulting in variable clinical management. Our aim was to meta-analyze recurrence and cancer-specific mortality (CSM) occurring after endoscopic resection of low- and high-risk pT1 CRCs undergoing conservative (nonsurgical) management. METHODS Literature was systematically searched until February 2019 for studies describing patients with pT1 CRCs, histologically classifiable as low or high risk, endoscopically resected without complementary surgery and with ≥12 months of follow-up. Pooled cumulative incidence (and incidence rate when specific follow-up intervals were available) of recurrence and CSM were calculated separately for low- and high-risk pT1 CRCs. Quality, publication bias, and heterogeneity were explored. RESULTS Pooled cumulative incidences of recurrence and CSM among high-risk lesions (5 studies, 571 patients) were, respectively, 9.5% (95% confidence interval [CI], 6.7%-13.3%; I2 = 38.4%) and 3.8% (95% CI, 2.4%-5.8%; I2 = 0%), whereas among low-risk lesions (7 studies, 650 patients) they were, respectively, 1.2% (95% CI, .6%-2.5%; I2 = 0%) and .6% (95% CI, .2%-1.7%; I2 = 0%). Pooled incidence rates of recurrence and CSM among high-risk lesions (3 cohorts, 237 patients) were, respectively, 11 (95% CI, 2-20; I2 = 43.3%) and 4 (95% CI, 1-7; I2 = 0%) per 1000 patient-years, whereas among low-risk lesions (3 cohorts, 229 patients) they were 3 (95% CI, 0-6; I2 = 0%) and 2 (95% CI, 0-4; I2 = 0%) per 1000 patient-years, respectively. No publication bias or significant heterogeneity was found. CONCLUSIONS Pooled estimates of adverse events after endoscopic resection of pT1 CRCs suggest a conservative approach for low-risk lesions. In high-risk lesions, increased surgical risk might justify a conservative management, whereas fitness for surgery makes surgical completion appropriate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulio Antonelli
- Endoscopy Unit, Sant 'Andrea University Hospital, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Vanella
- Endoscopy Unit, Sant 'Andrea University Hospital, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Davide Orlando
- Endoscopy Unit, Sant 'Andrea University Hospital, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Angeletti
- Endoscopy Unit, Sant 'Andrea University Hospital, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Emilio Di Giulio
- Endoscopy Unit, Sant 'Andrea University Hospital, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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26
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Redondo M, Téllez T. Reply to: Characteristics in patients with symptomatic colorectal carcinomas and those detected by screening'. Eur J Surg Oncol 2019; 46:221. [PMID: 31493985 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2019.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Maximino Redondo
- Research Unit, Costa del Sol Hospital, Research Network on Health Services in Chronic Diseases, (REDISSEC), University of Málaga, Marbella, Spain.
| | - Teresa Téllez
- Research Unit, Costa del Sol Hospital, Research Network on Health Services in Chronic Diseases, (REDISSEC), University of Málaga, Marbella, Spain
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27
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Verseveld M, de Wilt JH, Elferink MA, de Graaf EJ, Verhoef C, Pouwels S, Doornebosch PG. Survival after local excision for rectal cancer: a population-based overview of clinical practice and outcome. Acta Oncol 2019; 58:1163-1166. [PMID: 31106636 DOI: 10.1080/0284186x.2019.1616816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Verseveld
- Department of Surgery, Franciscus Gasthuis & Vlietland, Rotterdam/Schiedam, The Netherlands
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes H.W. de Wilt
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Eelco J.R. de Graaf
- Department of Surgery, IJsselland Hospital, Capelle aan den IJssel, The Netherlands
| | - Cees Verhoef
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sjaak Pouwels
- Department of Surgery, Haaglanden Medical Center, Den Haag, The Netherlands
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