1
|
Fan P, Li X, Su W, Kong W, Kong X, Wang Z, Wang Y, Jiang C, Gao F. Enhanced Sensitivity for Detection of HIV-1 p24 Antigen by a Novel Nuclease-Linked Fluorescence Oligonucleotide Assay. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0125701. [PMID: 25915630 PMCID: PMC4410951 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0125701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The relatively high detection limit of the Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) prevents its application for detection of low concentrations of antigens. To increase the sensitivity for detection of HIV-1 p24 antigen, we developed a highly sensitive nuclease-linked fluorescence oligonucleotide assay (NLFOA). Two major improvements were incorporated in NLFOA to amplify antibody-antigen interaction signals and reduce the signal/noise ratio; a large number of nuclease molecules coupled to the gold nanoparticle/streptavidin complex and fluorescent signals generated from fluorescent-labeled oligonucleotides by the nuclease. The detection limit of p24 by NLFOA was 1 pg/mL, which was 10-fold more sensitive than the conventional ELISA (10 pg/mL). The specificity was 100% and the coefficient of variation (CV) was 7.8% at low p24 concentration (1.5 pg/mL) with various concentrations of spiked p24 in HIV-1 negative sera. Thus, NLFOA is highly sensitive, specific, reproducible and user-friendly. The more sensitive detection of low p24 concentrations in HIV-1-infected individuals by NLFOA could allow detection of HIV-1 infections that are missed by the conventional ELISA at the window period during acute infection to further reduce the risk for HIV-1 infection due to the undetected HIV-1 in the blood products. Moreover, NLFOA can be easily applied to more sensitive detection of other antigens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peihu Fan
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Vaccine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xiaojun Li
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Vaccine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Weiheng Su
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Vaccine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Wei Kong
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Vaccine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology & Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xianggui Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Applications, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Zhenxin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Youchun Wang
- Division of Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome and Sex-transmitted Virus Vaccines, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Chunlai Jiang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Vaccine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology & Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Feng Gao
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Vaccine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Evaluation of a rapid and simple fourth-generation HIV screening assay for qualitative detection of HIV p24 antigen and/or antibodies to HIV-1 and HIV-2. J Virol Methods 2010; 168:218-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2010.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2010] [Revised: 05/21/2010] [Accepted: 06/03/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
4
|
Abstract
A direct comparison of different HIV antigen assays is very helpful in making an informed choice, not only for the testing laboratories but also for healthcare workers in the developing world who are looking for reliable and inexpensive tests/methods in the follow-up of their treated patients. As a follow-up to the study published previously [Fransen K., Martens G., Stynen D., Goris A., Nys P., Nkengasong J., Heyndrickx L., Janssens W., van der Groen G., 1997. J. Med. Virol. 53, 31--35] where only two tests have been compared, four different commercial methods for HIV antigen determination in plasma and supernatant of cell cultures have now been evaluated on a limited sample size (88): COULTER HIV-1 p24 Antigen Assay (Coulter), (Test 1) INNOTEST HIV Antigen mAb (Innogenetics) (Test 2), Genetic Systems HIV-1 Ag EIA (Sanofi-Pasteur(1)) (Test 3) and VIDAS HIV P24 II (bioMérieux) (Test 4). Of the four tests used in this study, Test 2 was by far the most sensitive test. In a population of 88 follow-up samples from 35 different patients representing all stages of infection, the test detected confirmed p24 antigen at least once in 85.7% (30/35) of these patients, versus Test 3 in 74.3% (26/35), Test 4 in 71.4% (25/35), and Test 1 in 48.6% (17/35) of the patients. Test 2 detected confirmed p24 antigen in 84.9% of the follow-up samples, followed by Test 4 (65.9%), Test 3 (64.8%) and Test 1 (39.8%). Finally, Test 2 also proved best for detecting genetically diverse isolates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Fransen
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nationalestraat 155, 2000 Antwerpen, Belgium.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Weber B, Mühlbacher A, Michl U, Paggi G, Bossi V, Sargento C, Camacho R, Fall EH, Berger A, Schmitt U, Melchior W. Multicenter evaluation of a new rapid automated human immunodeficiency virus antigen detection assay. J Virol Methods 1999; 78:61-70. [PMID: 10204697 DOI: 10.1016/s0166-0934(98)00162-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Although human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antigen assays are of limited value for monitoring antiretroviral therapy, they play an important role for confirmatory testing of fourth generation HIV screening enzyme immunoassay (EIA) reactive samples. In a multicenter study, a new automated rapid p24 antigen assay, Elecsys HIV Ag (Roche Diagnostics Boehringer Mannheim GmbH, Penzberg, Germany), was compared to FDA licensed tests (Abbott HIV-1 Ag monoclonal and Coulter HIV-1 p24 antigen assay). In the evaluation 27 seroconversion panels were included, sera from the acute phase of infection, single and follow-up samples from HIV antibody positive patients, dilution series of HIV antigen positive standards, sera and cell culture supernatants infected with different HIV-1 subtypes (A-H, and O) HIV-2 and recombinant HIV-1 (gag/env) isolates. To challenge the specificity of the new assay, 2565 unselected blood donors, sera from pregnant women, dialysis and hospitalized patients and 407 potentially cross-reactive samples were investigated. Acute HIV infection was detected in three to eight seroconversion panels earlier with Elecsys HIV Ag than with the alternative assays. Higher numbers of serum samples from HIV infected patients tested positive by Elecsys HIV Ag than with the comparative assays. All HIV-1 subtypes and HIV-2 isolates were recognized with Elecsys HIV Ag. Abbott HIV-1 Ag monoclonal and Coulter HIV-1 p24 antigen assay showed a variable sensitivity for the different HIV-1 subtypes. The specificity of Elecsys HIV Ag and Coulter HIV-1 p24 antigen assay were 99.8 and 99.93%, respectively. All the eight sera that were false reactive by Elecsys HIV Ag were tested negative with the Elecsys HIV Ag Neutralization Test. In conclusion, Elecsys HIV Ag was more sensitive than the alternative assays and showed a high specificity in combination with the neutralization assay. The very short incubation time of 18 min and the fully automated procedure of Elecsys HIV Ag which permits direct testing from the primary patient blood collection tube, represent a major improvement for routine laboratory diagnosis in comparison to the alternative assays.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Weber
- Laboratoires Réunis Kutter-Lieners-Hastert, Centre Langwies, Junglinster, Luxembourg.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|