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Pellestor F, Paulasova P, Andréo B, Lefort G, Hamamah S. Multicolor PRINS and multicolor PNA. Cytogenet Genome Res 2006; 114:263-9. [PMID: 16954664 DOI: 10.1159/000094211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2005] [Accepted: 12/07/2005] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Both PRimed IN Situ (PRINS) and Peptide Nucleic Acid (PNA) technologies have emerged as research techniques, but they have quickly evolved to applications in biological diagnosis assays. The two procedures now constitute efficient alternatives to the conventional fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) procedure for in situ chromosome identification and aneuploidy detection. They present several advantages (specificity, speed, discriminating ability) that make them very attractive for a number of cytogenetic purposes. Multicolor PRINS and PNA protocols have been described for the specific identification of human chromosomes. Various applications have already been developed in human genetics and new adaptations are ongoing.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Pellestor
- CNRS UPR 1142, Institute of Human Genetics, Montpellier, France.
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Thiele J, Varus E, Kvasnicka HM, Wickenhauser C. Trisomy 8 in prefibrotic early stages of chronic idiopathic myelofibrosis: a fluorescence in situ study of bone marrow biopsies. Acta Haematol 2006; 115:97-101. [PMID: 16424657 DOI: 10.1159/000089473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2005] [Accepted: 06/20/2005] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Repeatedly performed bone marrow biopsies were studied in 30 patients with chronic idiopathic myelofibrosis (CIMF) by fluorescence in situ hybridization to detect and quantify trisomy 8 anomaly during the evolution of disease. For the establishment of threshold values we used negative and positive control specimens. At least 500 cells were evaluated in each specimen and only nuclei with three distinctive signals were regarded as positive. According to the controls, 27 patients revealed false-positive signals ranging from 0 to 1.2% (0.88 +/- 1.12). On the other hand, 3 patients showed an incidence of more than 6.5% (up to 10.1%) in the initial prefibrotic as well as advanced fibro-osteosclerotic stages of CIMF. In conclusion, trisomy 8 has been demonstrated already in the prodromal stages of CIMF and therefore is not limited to classical fibro-osteosclerotic manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Thiele
- Institute of Pathology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawn H Siegel
- Department of Dermatology and Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
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Yan J, Chen BZ, Bouchard EF, Drouin R. The labeling efficiency of human telomeres is increased by double-strand PRINS. Chromosoma 2004; 113:204-9. [PMID: 15349787 DOI: 10.1007/s00412-004-0310-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2004] [Revised: 07/15/2004] [Accepted: 08/10/2004] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Telomeres are composed of tandem repeated sequences, TTAGGG, that can be detected either by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), more efficiently by using a peptide nucleic acid (PNA) probe, or by the primed in situ (PRINS) technique. However, the efficiency of human telomere labeling using PRINS is somewhat lower than the efficiency using PNA-FISH. To solve this problem, we developed a double-strand PRINS technique, which uses two primers, (TTAGGG)(7) and (CCCTAA)(7), to label both forward and reverse telomeric DNA strands. A total of 120 lymphocyte metaphases obtained from three normal adults were scored to evaluate the labeling efficiency based upon the telomere signal frequency present in chromatid ends and chromosome arms. As a comparison, 30 metaphases from the same three individuals were evaluated using PNA-FISH. The average labeling efficiency of PRINS was increased to a level very close to that obtained with PNA-FISH. Therefore, we demonstrated that the low labeling efficiency of human telomeres with regular PRINS was likely caused by uneven annealing of primers at the relatively short human telomere sequences, resulting in some telomere sites with very weak or absent labeling. We suggest that the present double-strand labeling protocol is critical to maximize the labeling efficiency of the human telomere sequence when using the PRINS technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Yan
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001 12e Avenue Nord, J1H 5N4, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.
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Mennicke K, Yang J, Hinrichs F, Müller A, Diercks P, Schwinger E. Validation of primed in situ labeling for interphase analysis of chromosomes 18, X, and Y in uncultured amniocytes. Fetal Diagn Ther 2003; 18:114-21. [PMID: 12576747 DOI: 10.1159/000068072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2002] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Primed in situ labeling (PRINS) is an interesting alternative to the traditional fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for the in situ detection of specific sequences in chromosome anomalies. It combines the sensitivity and specificity of the polymerase chain reaction with the specific in situ signal detection capability of FISH. METHODS We performed PRINS on uncultured amniocytes and compared the results with standard cytogenetic analysis. In a prospective study, a total of 262 independent samples were analyzed for numerical aberrations of chromosome 18. RESULTS In more than 95% of the cases PRINS reactions were successfully achieved. Neither false-positive nor false-negative results were obtained. 62 of the 262 cases were in parallel examined for chromosome 18 aneuploidies by FISH. Although there were significant differences in signal distribution, these did not lead to a different overall classification of the respective cases, i.e., the end results of disomic and trisomic cases for chromosome 18 were identical between FISH and PRINS. In 205 of 262 cases PRINS was performed for chromosomes X and Y. 97.6% of these samples were properly sex differentiated. CONCLUSIONS The PRINS assay is a simple and cheap alternative to detect numerical aberrations of chromosome 18. However, the rate of false-positive results for chromosome X was calculated as 1% and the rate of false-negative ones for chromosome Y as 2%. Further investigations are required to transform PRINS into an alternative to conventional methods for routine rapid prenatal diagnosis of gonosomes.
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Coullin P, Roy L, Pellestor F, Candelier JJ, Bed-Hom B, Guillier-Gencik Z, Bernheim A. PRINS, the other in situ DNA labeling method useful in cellular biology. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS 2002; 107:127-35. [PMID: 11807887 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.10103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
PRINS has proven to be an attractive alternative to FISH for in situ DNA labeling. PRINS is specific, simple, and rapid. We review some applications of PRINS involving primers specific for telomeric, human Alu, and centromeric alpha-satellite sequences. Bicolor labeling, PRINS-FISH, or PRINS-immunofluorescent combinations have been developed to enable investigations in numerous applications.
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Andras SC, Power JB, Cocking EC, Davey MR. Strategies for signal amplification in nucleic acid detection. Mol Biotechnol 2001; 19:29-44. [PMID: 11697219 DOI: 10.1385/mb:19:1:029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Many aspects of molecular genetics necessitate the detection of nucleic acid sequences. Current approaches involving target amplification (in situ PCR, Primed in situ Labeling, Self-Sustained Sequence Replication, Strand Displacement Amplification), probe amplification (Ligase Chain Reaction, Padlock Probes, Rolling Circle Amplification) and signal amplification (Tyramide Signal Amplification, Branched DNA Amplification) are summarized in the present review, together with their advantages and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Andras
- Babes-Boylai University, Faculty of Biology and Geology, Ecology and Genetics Department, Str. Clinicilor 5-7, Cluj-Napoca 3400, Romania
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Le Maitre CL, Byers RJ, Liu Yin JA, Hoyland JA, Freemont AJ. Dual colour FISH in paraffin wax embedded bone trephines for identification of numerical and structural chromosomal abnormalities in acute myeloid leukaemia and myelodysplasia. J Clin Pathol 2001; 54:730-3. [PMID: 11533086 PMCID: PMC1731524 DOI: 10.1136/jcp.54.9.730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/BACKGROUND The advent of new treatments for haematological malignancies has led to the need for a correlation between cytogenetic and morphological abnormalities. This study aimed to achieve this by the application of interphase cytogenetics to marrow trephine sections, a technique not previously reported for formalin fixed, paraffin wax embedded trephine biopsies. METHODS Dual colour fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) was used to detect numerical and structural abnormalities in routinely processed paraffin wax embedded trephine biopsies. Three cases with t(8;21) and three with t(15;17) were analysed, together with a case of trisomy 8. Chromosome specific probes were hybridised with sections and disclosed by fluorescein isothiocyanate and rhodamine/Texas red labelled antidigoxigenin and antibiotin amplification; translocations were identified by colocalisation of probes using a double wavelength bypass filter. RESULTS A translocation signal was present in 12% and 11.5% of the cells counted in the t(8;21) and t(15;17) cases, respectively, but in none of the normal controls (p < 0.001). In the case of trisomy 8, 9% of the cells counted contained three hybridisation signals for chromosome 8, whereas no cell contained more than two in the normal control (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS This technique is useful for archived routinely processed material, enabling it to be used as a research tool but also, and perhaps more importantly, in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- C L Le Maitre
- Laboratory of Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
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Yan J, Zhang XX, Fetni R, Drouin R. Trisomy 8 and monosomy 7 detected in bone marrow using primed in situ labeling, fluorescence in situ hybridization, and conventional cytogenetic analyses. A study of 54 cases with hematological disorders. CANCER GENETICS AND CYTOGENETICS 2001; 125:30-40. [PMID: 11297765 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-4608(00)00355-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Trisomy 8 and monosomy 7 are the two most frequent aneuploidies found in hematological disorders such as myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). In this study, primed in situ labeling (PRINS), fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and conventional cytogenetic approaches were used to investigate 54 cases of hematopoietic disorders. Of these cases, there were 22 cases of trisomy 8, 2 cases of tetrasomy 8, 14 cases of monosomy 7, and 16 cases with two copies of both chromosomes 7 and 8. PRINS was carried out in interphase nuclei of bone marrow samples using primers that can specifically detect alpha-satellite DNA sequences of chromosomes 7 and 8. In parallel, using the alpha-satellite probes for chromosomes 7 and 8, FISH was performed for all the cases. PRINS and FISH techniques showed similar specificity and sensitivity. In comparison to FISH, PRINS is more advantageous since it is a faster, easier, and more cost-effective technique. Additionally, for most of the cases, a higher proportion of aneuploidy was detected in metaphases using conventional cytogenetics, as compared to the one found in interphase nuclei identified with PRINS and FISH techniques. In other words, for these cases, the cells with trisomy 8 or monosomy 7, had a distinct proliferative advantage compared to the disomic cell population. Therefore, to better quantify the proportion of aneuploid cells in bone marrow, we recommend to investigate the frequency of aneuploidy in nuclei using PRINS, rather than studying only the dividing cells as detected by conventional cytogenetic techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Yan
- Division of Pathology, Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, and Unité de Recherche en Génétique Humaine et Moléculaire, Hôpital Saint-François d'Assise, CHUQ, 10 de l'Espinay, G1L 3L5, Québec, Québec, Canada
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Velagaleti GV, Tharapel SA, Tharapel AT. Validation of primed in situ labeling (PRINS) for interphase analysis: comparative studies with conventional fluorescence in situ hybridization and chromosome analyses. CANCER GENETICS AND CYTOGENETICS 1999; 108:100-6. [PMID: 9973935 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-4608(98)00124-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Primed in situ labeling (PRINS) is a rapidly developing new technology with wide ranging clinical applications. To assess the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of PRINS, we carried out a retrospective study on cultured bone marrow cells to detect aneuploidy for chromosomes 7, 8, and 12. The results were then compared to the results of previous fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and chromosome analyses (CA). In patients who showed aneuploidy with CA, both FISH and PRINS confirmed the aneuploidy in interphase cells. FISH and PRINS also showed excellent correlation with conventional cytogenetic analysis for the detection of mosaic aneuploidies. However, both FISH and PRINS showed significantly higher sensitivity in the detection of abnormal clones compared to CA. In 9 of the 17 cases, there were no significant differences in the detection rates between the two methods. Based on our studies, we conclude that PRINS is as sensitive as FISH in most cases for aneuploidy detection; and that PRINS, like FISH, is more sensitive than conventional CA for aneuploidy detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- G V Velagaleti
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, USA
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Ensinger C, Mikuz G. The impact of FISH on our understanding of testicular tumour development. J Pathol 1998; 186:225-6. [PMID: 10211108 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1096-9896(199811)186:3<225::aid-path176>3.0.co;2-d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The fusion of techniques of classical cytogenetics and molecular biology has led to the establishment of the fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technique. This method, allowing detailed chromosomal investigations in metaphase spreads as well as in interphase nuclei, has enabled pathologists to detect molecular changes in precancerous lesions such as carcinoma in situ of the testis. In particular, its application to paraffin material has allowed the correlation of chromosomal aberrations with morphological and immunohistochemical characteristics. Thus, recurrent chromosomal aberrations found in invasive testicular tumours, such as the occurrence of an isochromosome i(12p), are already present in preinvasive stages, indicating an early event in carcinogenesis. Recent work, published in this issue, presents the diagnostic impact of these investigations.
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Abstract
Karyotypic analysis by direct demonstration of DNA sequences in interphase nuclei has been termed interphase cytogenetics and can be applied to a wide variety of cellular material, including paraffin-embedded tissue, allowing detection of both numerical and structural chromosome aberrations. The principal established method in the fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technique, but more recently primed in situ labelling (PRINS) has been employed, as illustrated in an accompanying paper in this issue of the Journal. Where there are defining cytogenetic abnormalities, as is the case for the detection of fetal numerical chromosome abnormalities and in some paediatric and soft tissue tumours, this approach has clear diagnostic applicability. In other circumstances, such as the investigation of most solid tumours, this technique is largely of research interest but, particularly with application to paraffin sections, in providing valuable information on the morphological distribution of molecular changes in both invasive and 'pre-invasive' lesions. Continued technical refinement and research application of this methodology will lead not only to greater clinical applicability but also to improved understanding of the pathobiology of tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Q Wolfe
- Department of Pathology, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, U.K
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