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Massoud D, Bin-Meferij MM, El-Kott AF, Abd El-Maksoud MM, Negm S. Histology and histochemistry of the major salivary glands in the southern white-breasted hedgehog (Erinaceus concolor). Anat Histol Embryol 2023; 52:254-261. [PMID: 36271751 DOI: 10.1111/ahe.12878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the major salivary glands in the southern white-breasted hedgehog (Erinaceus concolor) histologically and histochemically. Five adult males were included in this study. The results showed that anatomically the shape of the parotid, submandibular and sublingual glands of the Erinaceus concolor was respectively almost pear, elliptical to pyramidal and oval. Histologically, the parotid gland had serous acini and secretory cells showed negative reaction to alcian blue (AB) (pH = 2.5) and negative response to aldehyde fuchsin (AF), methylene blue (MB) and PAS stains. The submandibular gland was a mixed gland of mucous and serous acini. The mucous acini were strongly positive for PAS, AB, MB and AF. However, serous acini were week for PAS and negative against AB, MB and AF stains. The sublingual gland was purely composed of mucous acini. The mucous acini of the sublingual gland were strongly positives for PAS, AB and MB methods. While their reaction to the AF staining was negative. In conclusion, the histological and histochemical observations of the major salivary glands of the southern white-breasted hedgehog (E. concolor) indicated that these glands shown similarities and some special different histochemical features as compared to other mammalian species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diaa Massoud
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka, Al-Jouf, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Mashael M Bin-Meferij
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Histopathology Unit, Research Department, Health Sciences Research Center (HSRC), College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Attala F El-Kott
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Mona M Abd El-Maksoud
- Department of Community Health Nursing, Nursing College, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Community Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Helwan University, Helwan, Egypt
| | - Sally Negm
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Art Mahail, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.,Unit of Food Bacteriology, Central Laboratory of Food Hygiene, Ministry of Health, Sharkia, Egypt
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Peroxisomes Are Highly Abundant and Heterogeneous in Human Parotid Glands. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054783. [PMID: 36902220 PMCID: PMC10003153 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The parotid gland is one of the major salivary glands producing a serous secretion, and it plays an essential role in the digestive and immune systems. Knowledge of peroxisomes in the human parotid gland is minimal; furthermore, the peroxisomal compartment and its enzyme composition in the different cell types of the human parotid gland have never been subjected to a detailed investigation. Therefore, we performed a comprehensive analysis of peroxisomes in the human parotid gland's striated duct and acinar cells. We combined biochemical techniques with various light and electron microscopy techniques to determine the localization of parotid secretory proteins and different peroxisomal marker proteins in parotid gland tissue. Moreover, we analyzed the mRNA of numerous gene encoding proteins localized in peroxisomes using real-time quantitative PCR. The results confirm the presence of peroxisomes in all striated duct and acinar cells of the human parotid gland. Immunofluorescence analyses for various peroxisomal proteins showed a higher abundance and more intense staining in striated duct cells compared to acinar cells. Moreover, human parotid glands comprise high quantities of catalase and other antioxidative enzymes in discrete subcellular regions, suggesting their role in protection against oxidative stress. This study provides the first thorough description of parotid peroxisomes in different parotid cell types of healthy human tissue.
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Watermann C, Meyer MT, Valerius KP, Kleefeldt F, Wagner S, Wittekindt C, Klussmann JP, Ergün S, Baumgart-Vogt E, Karnati S. Peroxisomes in the mouse parotid glands: An in-depth morphological and molecular analysis. Ann Anat 2021; 238:151778. [PMID: 34091056 DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2021.151778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The parotid gland is a major salivary gland that has important roles in the digestive and immune system. Peroxisomes are ubiquitous, single-membrane-bound organelles that are present in all eukaryotic cells. Peroxisomes help mediate lipid and reactive oxygen species metabolism, as well as polyunsaturated fatty acid, cholesterol and plasmalogen synthesis. Much of the knowledge on peroxisomes has derived from metabolic organs, however no detailed knowledge is available on peroxisomes in the parotid glands. We thus aimed to comprehensively delineate the localization and characterization of peroxisomal proteins in the murine parotid gland. METHODS We characterized peroxisomes in the acinar and striated duct cells of the murine parotid gland by fluorescence and electron microscopy, as well as protein and mRNA expression analyses for important peroxisomal genes and proteins. RESULTS We found that peroxisomes are present in all cell types of the mouse parotid gland, however, exhibit notable cell-specific differences in their abundance and enzyme content. We also observed that mouse parotid glands contain high levels of peroxisomal β-oxidation enzymes (including Acox1, Mfp2 and Acaa1), catalase and other peroxisomal anti-oxidative enzymes. CONCLUSIONS This data suggests that peroxisomes are highly abundant in the murine parotid gland and might help to protect against oxidative stress. This comprehensive description of peroxisomes in the parotid gland lays the groundwork for further research concerning their role in the pathogenesis of parotid gland diseases and tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Watermann
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology II, Medical Cell Biology, Justus Liebig University, Giessen D-35385, Germany; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Justus Liebig University, Giessen D-35392, Germany
| | - Malin T Meyer
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology II, Medical Cell Biology, Justus Liebig University, Giessen D-35385, Germany; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Justus Liebig University, Giessen D-35392, Germany
| | - Klaus P Valerius
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology II, Medical Cell Biology, Justus Liebig University, Giessen D-35385, Germany
| | - Florian Kleefeldt
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Julius Maximilians University, Würzburg D-97070, Germany
| | - Steffen Wagner
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Justus Liebig University, Giessen D-35392, Germany
| | - Claus Wittekindt
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Justus Liebig University, Giessen D-35392, Germany
| | - Jens P Klussmann
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Justus Liebig University, Giessen D-35392, Germany; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne D-50931, Germany
| | - Süleyman Ergün
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Julius Maximilians University, Würzburg D-97070, Germany
| | - Eveline Baumgart-Vogt
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology II, Medical Cell Biology, Justus Liebig University, Giessen D-35385, Germany
| | - Srikanth Karnati
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology II, Medical Cell Biology, Justus Liebig University, Giessen D-35385, Germany; Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Julius Maximilians University, Würzburg D-97070, Germany.
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Comparative Ultrastructure of Secretory Granules of the Submandibular Gland in the Korean Spider Shrew, Sorex caecutiens, the Lesser White-toothed Shrew, Crocidura suaveolens and the Big White-toothed Shrew, Crocidura lasiura. Appl Microsc 2012. [DOI: 10.9729/am.2012.42.4.186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Tandler B, Pinkstaff CA, Phillips CJ. Interlobular excretory ducts of mammalian salivary glands: structural and histochemical review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 288:498-526. [PMID: 16612829 DOI: 10.1002/ar.a.20319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In the major salivary glands of mammals, excretory ducts (EDs) succeed striated ducts. They are for the most part interlobular in position, although their proximal portions sometimes are on the periphery of a lobule, where they occasionally retain some of the structural features of striated ducts. Based on a survey of a broad range of mammalian species and glands, the predominant tissue type that composes EDs is pseudostratified epithelium. In some species, there is a progression of epithelial types: the proximal EDs are composed of simple cuboidal or columnar epithelium that, in the excurrent direction, usually gives way to the pseudostratified variety. Secretory granules are visible in the apical cytoplasm of the principal cells of the EDs of only a few species, but histochemistry has shown the presence of a variety of glycoproteins in these cells in a spectrum of species. Moreover, the latter methodology has revealed the presence of a variety of oxidative, acid hydrolytic, and transport enzymes in the EDs, showing that, rather than simply acting as a conduit for saliva, these ducts play a metabolically active role in gland function. It is difficult to describe a "typical" mammalian ED because it can vary along its length and interspecific variation does not follow a phylogenetic pattern. Moreover, in contrast to intercalated and striated ducts, ED cellular features do not exhibit a relationship to diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernard Tandler
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA.
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Tandler B, Gresik EW, Nagato T, Phillips CJ. Secretion by striated ducts of mammalian major salivary glands: review from an ultrastructural, functional, and evolutionary perspective. THE ANATOMICAL RECORD 2001; 264:121-45. [PMID: 11590591 DOI: 10.1002/ar.1108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
In addition to their role in electrolyte homeostasis, striated ducts (SDs) in the major salivary glands of many mammalian species engage in secretion of organic products. This phenomenon usually is manifested as the presence of small serous-like secretory granules in the apical cytoplasm of SD cells. The composition of these granules is largely unknown, except in the case of the cat and rat submandibular gland, where the granules have unequivocally been shown to contain kallikrein. In some species, the apical cytoplasm of SD cells contains variable numbers of vesicles, both spherical and elongated, that vary in appearance from 'empty' to moderately dense. In the rat parotid gland, lucent vesicles transport glycoproteins to the luminal surface where they are incorporated into the apical plasmalemma and the glycocalyx. There is a strong possibility that in various species some of these vesicles are involved in transcytosis of antibodies to the saliva from their source (plasma cells) in the surrounding connective tissue. In addition, vesicles may engage in transfer of growth factors from the saliva to the interstitium. In a few species, conventional SDs have been replaced by ducts that are wholly given over to secretion, i.e., they entirely lack basal striations; although such ducts occupy the histological position of conventional SDs, it is not clear whether they represent a new type of duct or merely are modifications of SDs. Broad-based comparisons of ultrastructural and other data about SDs offer some insight into evolutionary history of salivary glands and their role in the adaptive radiation of mammals. Evolutionary patterns emerged when we made interspecific comparisons across mammalian orders. Among the bats, there is a clear relationship between SD secretion and general categories of diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Tandler
- Institute of Environmental and Human Health, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, USA
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Tandler B, Nagato T, Toyoshima K, Phillips CJ. Comparative ultrastructure of intercalated ducts in major salivary glands: a review. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 1998; 252:64-91. [PMID: 9737745 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0185(199809)252:1<64::aid-ar7>3.0.co;2-e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B Tandler
- Department of Oral Anatomy II, Kyushu Dental College, Kitakyushu, Japan
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