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Li Y, Wen L, Tan T, Lv Y. Sequential Co-immobilization of Enzymes in Metal-Organic Frameworks for Efficient Biocatalytic Conversion of Adsorbed CO 2 to Formate. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2019; 7:394. [PMID: 31867320 PMCID: PMC6908815 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The main challenges in multienzymatic cascade reactions for CO2 reduction are the low CO2 solubility in water, the adjustment of substrate channeling, and the regeneration of co-factor. In this study, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) were prepared as adsorbents for the storage of CO2 and at the same time as solid supports for the sequential co-immobilization of multienzymes via a layer-by-layer self-assembly approach. Amine-functionalized MIL-101(Cr) was synthesized for the adsorption of CO2. Using amine-MIL-101(Cr) as the core, two HKUST-1 layers were then fabricated for the immobilization of three enzymes chosen for the reduction of CO2 to formate. Carbonic anhydrase was encapsulated in the inner HKUST-1 layer and hydrated the released CO2 to HCO3-. Bicarbonate ions then migrated directly to the outer HKUST-1 shell containing formate dehydrogenase and were converted to formate. Glutamate dehydrogenase on the outer MOF layer achieved the regeneration of co-factor. Compared with free enzymes in solution using the bubbled CO2 as substrate, the immobilized enzymes using stored CO2 as substrate exhibited 13.1-times higher of formate production due to the enhanced substrate concentration. The sequential immobilization of enzymes also facilitated the channeling of substrate and eventually enabled higher catalytic efficiency with a co-factor-based formate yield of 179.8%. The immobilized enzymes showed good operational stability and reusability with a cofactor cumulative formate yield of 1077.7% after 10 cycles of reusing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Liyin Wen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Tianwei Tan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Yongqin Lv
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
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Lo HC, Ryan JD, Kerr JB, Clark DS, Fish RH. Bioorganometallic chemistry: Co-factor regeneration, enzyme recognition of biomimetic 1,4-NADH analogs, and organic synthesis; tandem catalyzed regioselective formation of N-substituted-1,4-dihydronicotinamide derivatives with [Cp*Rh(bpy)H]+, coupled to chiral S-alcohol formation with HLADH, and engineered cytochrome P450s, for selective C-H oxidation reactions. J Organomet Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2017.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Morthensen ST, Sigurdardóttir SB, Meyer AS, Jørgensen H, Pinelo M. Separation of xylose and glucose using an integrated membrane system for enzymatic cofactor regeneration and downstream purification. J Memb Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2016.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Ji X, Su Z, Wang P, Ma G, Zhang S. Tethering of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide inside hollow nanofibers for high-yield synthesis of methanol from carbon dioxide catalyzed by coencapsulated multienzymes. ACS NANO 2015; 9:4600-4610. [PMID: 25857747 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b01278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Enzymatic conversion of carbon dioxide (CO2) to fuel or chemicals is appealing, but is limited by lack of efficient technology for regeneration and reuse of expensive cofactors. Here we show that cationic polyelectrolyte-doped hollow nanofibers, which can be fabricated via a facile coaxial electrospinning technology, provide an ideal scaffold for assembly of cofactor and multienzymes capable of synthesizing methanol from CO2 through a cascade multistep reaction involving cofactor regeneration. Cofactor and four enzymes including formate, formaldehyde, alcohol, and glutamate dehydrogenases were in situ coencapsulated inside the lumen of hollow nanofibers by involving them in the core-phase solution for coaxial electrospinning, in which cationic polyelectrolyte was predissolved. The polyelectrolyte penetrating across the shell of the hollow nanofibers enabled efficient tethering and retention of cofactor inside the lumen via ion-exchange interactions between oppositely charged polyelectrolytes and cofactor. With carbonic anhydrase assembled on the outer surface of the hollow nanofibers for accelerating hydration of CO2, these five-enzymes-cofactor catalyst system exhibited high activity for methanol synthesis. Compared with methanol yield of only 36.17% using free enzymes and cofactor, the hollow nanofiber-supported system afforded a high value up to 103.2%, the highest reported value so far. It was believed that the linear polyelectrolytes acted as spacers to enhance the shuttling of cofactor between enzymes that were coencapsulated within near vicinity, thus improving the efficiency of the system. The immobilized system showed good stability in reusing. About 80% of its original productivity was retained after 10 reusing cycles, with a cofactor-based cumulative methanol yield reached 940.5%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyuan Ji
- †National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Zhiguo Su
- †National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Ping Wang
- †National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- ‡Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering and Biotechnology Institute, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108, United States
| | - Guanghui Ma
- †National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Songping Zhang
- †National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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A novel method for preparation of MNP@CS-tethered coenzyme for coupled oxidoreductase system. J Biotechnol 2015; 196-197:52-7. [PMID: 25617681 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2015.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Revised: 01/11/2015] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The immobilized cofactor NAD(H) is easily recovered from the reaction bulk, which is essential for repeated use of NAD(H) in the bioprocess catalyzed by NAD(H)-dependent oxidoreductase. Here, a magnetic nanoparticle platform was designed to immobilize both of the NADH and the NAD(+). The design was based on chitosan-coated magnetic nanoparticles (MNP@CS) which was activated by the EDC/NHS with the aid of azelaic acid as spacer. Interestingly, the succinimide group at the end of spacer arm catalyzed direct coupling of a carboxyl-terminal to the 6-amino group of the adenine residue of NAD(H). Our results indicated that 150 μmol NADH and 50 μmol NAD(+) was effectively attached to 1g MNP@CS at 25°C in 120 min and the prepared MNP@CS-NAD(H) showed good activity according to the coupling reaction of benzyl alcohol and acetaldehyde catalyzed by alcohol dehydrogenase.
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Liu W, Zhang S, Wang P. Nanoparticle-supported multi-enzyme biocatalysis with in situ cofactor regeneration. J Biotechnol 2008; 139:102-7. [PMID: 19000722 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2008.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2008] [Revised: 09/29/2008] [Accepted: 09/29/2008] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Although there have been a long history of studying and using immobilized enzymes, little has been reported regarding the nature of immobilized cofactors. Herein we report that cofactor NAD(H) covalently attached to silica nanoparticles successfully coordinated with particle-immobilized enzymes and enabled multistep biotransformations. Specifically, silica nanoparticle-attached glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and NAD(H) were prepared and applied to catalyze the coupled reactions for production of alpha-ketoglutarate and lactate with the cofactor regenerated within the reaction cycle. It appeared that particle-particle collision driven by Brownian motion of the nanoparticles provided effective interactions among the catalytic components, and thus realized a dynamic shuttling of the particle-supported cofactor between the two enzymes to keep the reaction cycles continuing. Total turnover numbers (TTNs) as high as 20,000h(-1) were observed for the cofactor. It appeared to us that the use of particle-attached cofactor promises a new biochemical processing strategy for cofactor-dependent biotransformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfang Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China
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Wang P. Multi-scale features in recent development of enzymic biocatalyst systems. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2008; 152:343-52. [PMID: 18574568 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-008-8243-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2008] [Accepted: 03/31/2008] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Functional relation among elements of different size scales in a system is probably a main challenge across the areas of the science of engineering ever since their emergence. Multi-scale time and size correlation for description and prediction of complex systems, however, has been systematically examined only recently with the aid of new computational tools. In the pursuit of efficient and sustainable chemical processing technologies, people have seen a growing emphasis on synthetic biotechnology in recent R&D efforts. In particular, industrial enzyme technologies are attracting enormous attention. Having been traditionally developed for food and detergent applications, industrial enzyme technologies are being re-examined and tested to their limits to keep abreast of the challenges in drug, biochemical, and the emerging biorenewable energy industries. Toward that, enzymes are required to function in non-conventional conditions, such as organic solvents, extreme pH, and temperatures; they also have to compete against alternative chemical technologies in terms of costs and efficiency. Accordingly, enzymic biocatalyst systems are being tackled dynamically at all size levels through efforts ranging from molecular level protein engineering and modification, nanoscale structure fabrication, and microenvironment manipulation to the construction of microchip devices and macroscopic industrial bioreactors and devices. These efforts are probably still on a case-to-case trial basis without much consideration of cross-scale correlations. Discovering, understanding, and controlling of the common features that relate functions of biocatalysts at different size scales may eventually be realized in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wang
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, Biotechnology Institute, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA.
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Németh A, Sevella B. Development of a new bioprocess for production of 1,3-propanediol I.: Modeling of glycerol bioconversion to 1,3-propanediol with Klebsiella pneumoniae enzymes. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2008; 144:47-58. [PMID: 18415986 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-007-0040-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Glycerol is a renewable resource for it is formed as a byproduct during biodiesel production. Because of its large volume production, it seems to be a good idea to develop a technology that converts this waste into products of high value, for example, to 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PD). We suggested an enzymatic bioconversion in a membrane reactor in which the NAD coenzyme can be regenerated, and three key enzymes are retained by a 10-kDa ultrafilter membrane. Unfortunately, some byproducts also formed during successful glycerol to 1,3-PD bioconversion runs, as we used crude enzyme solution of Klebsiella pneumoniae. To study the possibilities to avoid this byproduct formation, we built a mathematical description of this system. The model was also used for simulation bioconversions of high glycerol concentration with and without elimination of byproduct formation and of continuous operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aron Németh
- Department of Agricultural Chemical Technology, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary
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Liu W, Wang P. Cofactor regeneration for sustainable enzymatic biosynthesis. Biotechnol Adv 2007; 25:369-84. [PMID: 17459647 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2007.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 217] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2007] [Revised: 03/03/2007] [Accepted: 03/12/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Oxidoreductases are attractive catalysts for biosynthesis of chiral compounds and polymers, construction of biosensors, and degradation of environmental pollutants. Their practical applications, however, can be quite challenging since they often require cofactors such as nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP). These cofactors are generally expensive. Efficient regeneration of cofactors is therefore critical to the economic viability of industrial-scale biotransformations using oxidoreductases. The chemistry of cofactor regeneration is well known nowadays. The challenge is mostly regarding how to achieve the regeneration with immobilized enzyme systems which are preferred for industrial processes to facilitate the recovery and continuous use of the catalysts. This has become a great hurdle for the industrialization of many promising enzymatic processes, and as a result, most of the biotransformations involving cofactors have been traditionally performed with living cells in industry. Accompanying the rapidly growing interest in industrial biotechnology, immobilized enzyme biocatalyst systems with cofactor regeneration have been the focus for many studies reported since the late 1990s. The current paper reviews the methods of cofactor retention for development of sustainable and regenerative biocatalysts as revealed in these recent studies, with the intent to complement other reviewing articles that are mostly regeneration chemistry-oriented. We classify in this paper the methods of sustainable cofactor regeneration into two categories, namely membrane entrapment and solid-attachment of cofactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfang Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China
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Kinetics of the reaction catalyzed by Bacillus stearothermophilus glucokinase using the carboxy-terminated PAMAM-bound adenine nucleotides as cofactors. Biochem Eng J 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2004.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Duru PE, Bektas S, Genç Ö, Pati̇r S, Denizli A. Adsorption of heavy-metal ions on poly(ethylene imine)-immobilized poly(methyl methacrylate) microspheres. J Appl Polym Sci 2001. [DOI: 10.1002/app.1429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Bahrami S, Bassi AS, Yanful E. Polyethyleneimine-containing sol-gels as novel sorbents for the removal of cadmium from aqueous solutions. CAN J CHEM ENG 1999. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.5450770520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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