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An Extract of Chinpi, the Dried Peel of the Citrus Fruit Unshiu, Enhances Axonal Remyelination via Promoting the Proliferation of Oligodendrocyte Progenitor Cells. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 2016:8692698. [PMID: 27022404 PMCID: PMC4789069 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8692698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Revised: 01/31/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The aging-induced decrease in axonal myelination/remyelination is due to impaired recruitment and differentiation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs). Our previous studies have shown that a monoclonal antibody to DEAD (Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp) box polypeptide 54 (Ddx54), a member of the DEAD box family of RNA helicases, (1) specifically labels oligodendrocyte lineages, (2) binds to mRNA and protein isoforms of myelin basic proteins (MBP), and (3) regulates migration of OPCs from ventricular zone to corpus callosum in mice. It has also been demonstrated that specific loss of a 21.5 kDa MBP isoform (MBP21.5) reflects demyelination status, and oral administration of an extract of Chinpi, citrus unshiu peel, reversed the aging-induced demyelination. Here, we report that Chinpi treatment induced a specific increase in the MBP21.5, led to the reappearance of Ddx54-expressing cells in ventricular-subventricular zone and corpus callosum of aged mice, and promoted remyelination. Treatment of in vitro OPC cultures with Chinpi constituents, hesperidin plus narirutin, led to an increase in 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine incorporation in Ddx54-expressing OPCs, but not in NG2- or Olig2-expressing cell populations. The present study suggests that Ddx54 plays crucial role in remyelination. Furthermore, Chinpi and Chinpi-containing herbal medicines may be a therapeutic option for the aging-induced demyelination diseases.
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Ueki T, Tsuruo Y, Yamamoto Y, Yoshimura K, Takanaga H, Seiwa C, Motojima K, Asou H, Yamamoto M. A new monoclonal antibody, 4F2, specific for the oligodendroglial cell lineage, recognizes ATP-dependent RNA helicase Ddx54: possible association with myelin basic protein. J Neurosci Res 2011; 90:48-59. [PMID: 21932369 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.22736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2011] [Revised: 06/07/2011] [Accepted: 06/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Recent research in neural development has highlighted the importance of markers to discriminate phenotypic alterations of neural cells at various developmental stages. We isolated a new monoclonal antibody, 4F2, which was shown to be specific for an oligodendrocyte lineage. In primary cultures of oligodendroglial and mixed neural cells, the 4F2 antibody labeled a large proportion of Sox2(+) , Sox10(+) , A2B5(+) , NG2(+) , Olig2(+) , O4(+) , and myelin basic protein (MBP)(+) cells but did not label any GFAP(+) or NeuN(+) cells. In immunohistochemisty of rat embryos, the 4F2 antibody labeled a portion of neuroepithelial cells of the neural tube at embryonic day 9. The 4F2-positive cells were located initially in the ventricular zone as Musashi1(+) Tuj1(-) populations and distributed throughout the striatum; thereafter, they populated the whole brain and spinal cord. These cells showed ramified processes during embryonal development. The 4F2 antigen was associated with all four isoforms of MBP in coimmunoprecipitation experiments using brain homogenates or cell lysates of cultured oligodendrocytes. Immunoscreening of a brain cDNA library identified the antigen as DEAD (Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp) box polypeptide 54 (Ddx54), a member of the DEAD box family of RNA helicases involved in RNA metabolism, transcription, and translation. Cotransfection of the Ddx54 gene with MBP isoform genes increased the nuclear localization of the 21.5-kDa MBP isoform, which has been reported to function as a nuclear signal transduction molecule. These data indicate that Ddx54 might be not only a useful marker for investigating the ontogeny of oligodendrocytes but also an important factor in oligodendrocyte differentiation and myelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiyuki Ueki
- Department of Neuro-Glia Cell Biology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
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Sakuma S, Endo T, Kanda T, Nakamura H, Yamasaki S, Yamakawa T. Biological evaluation of novel benzisoxazole derivatives as PPARδ agonists. Bioorg Med Chem 2011; 19:3255-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2011.03.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2011] [Revised: 03/19/2011] [Accepted: 03/21/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Sakuma S, Endo T, Kanda T, Nakamura H, Yamasaki S, Yamakawa T. Synthesis of a novel human PPARδ selective agonist and its stimulatory effect on oligodendrocyte differentiation. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 21:240-4. [PMID: 21112784 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.11.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2010] [Revised: 10/29/2010] [Accepted: 11/04/2010] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
We successfully synthesized a novel peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)δ selective agonist, namely, compound 20, with a characteristic benzisoxazole ring. Compound 20 exhibited potent human PPARδ transactivation activity and high δ selectivity. Further, it stimulated differentiation of primary oligodendrocyte precursor cells in vitro, indicating that it may be an effective drug in the treatment of demyelinating disorders such as multiple sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shogo Sakuma
- Discovery Research Laboratories, Nippon Chemiphar Co Ltd, 1-22, Hikokawado, Misato, Saitama 341-0005, Japan.
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Yamamoto M, Yoshimura K, Kitada M, Nakahara J, Seiwa C, Ueki T, Shimoda Y, Ishige A, Watanabe K, Asou H. A new monoclonal antibody, A3B10, specific for astrocyte-lineage cells recognizes calmodulin-regulated spectrin-associated protein 1 (Camsap1). J Neurosci Res 2009; 87:503-13. [DOI: 10.1002/jnr.21853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Imitola J, Snyder EY, Khoury SJ. Genetic programs and responses of neural stem/progenitor cells during demyelination: potential insights into repair mechanisms in multiple sclerosis. Physiol Genomics 2003; 14:171-97. [PMID: 12923300 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00021.2002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, it has become evident that the adult mammalian CNS contains a population of neural stem cells (NSCs) described as immature, undifferentiated, multipotent cells, that may be called upon for repair in neurodegenerative and demyelinating diseases. NSCs may give rise to oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) and other myelinating cells. This article reviews recent progress in elucidating the genetic programs and dynamics of NSC and OPC proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis, including the response to demyelination. Emerging knowledge of the molecules that may be involved in such responses may help in the design of future stem cell-based treatment of demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Imitola
- Center for Neurologic Diseases, Partners MS Center, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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Kobayashi J, Seiwa C, Sakai T, Gotoh M, Komatsu Y, Yamamoto M, Fukutake M, Matsuno K, Sakurai Y, Kawano Y, Asou H. Effect of a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, Ren-Shen-Yang-Rong-Tang (Japanese name: Ninjin-Youei-To), on oligodendrocyte precursor cells from aged-rat brain. Int Immunopharmacol 2003; 3:1027-39. [PMID: 12810360 DOI: 10.1016/s1567-5769(03)00101-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Understanding of oligodendrocyte precursor cells and their role in the generation of oligodendrocytes in developing and adult rodents has been considered, particularly much less is known about aged-rodent oligodendrocyte precursor cells and their cell lineage. In this present study, we have developed oligodendrocyte cultures from the 30-month-old rat brain and examined whether oligodendrocyte precursor cells can proliferate in vitro. Adult oligodendrocyte precursor cells (O1(-), O4(+)) and oligodendrocytes (O1(+), O4(+)) are present in the cultures of the 30-month-old rat brain. They are also capable of proliferating and differentiating in the cultures. These capabilities increased four- to fivefold, when the aged rats are treated with Ninjin-Youei-To for 3 months in comparison with those of control aged rats. These results suggest that Ninjin-Youei-To has a potential mitotic effect on oligodendrocyte precursor cells in aged-rat brains and may be expected to have a therapeutic effect on brain aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junko Kobayashi
- Department of Neuro-cell Biology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakaecho, Tokyo Itabashi 173-0015, Japan
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Yoshimura K, Kametani F, Shimoda Y, Fujimaki K, Sakurai Y, Kitamura K, Asou H, Nomura M. Antigens of monoclonal antibody NB3C4 are novel markers for oligodendrocytes. Neuroreport 2001; 12:417-21. [PMID: 11209960 DOI: 10.1097/00001756-200102120-00045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
We produced NB3C4, a novel monoclonal antibody specific for oligodendrocytes, using human neuroblastoma IMR-32 cells. NB3C4 specifically recognized oligodendrocytes in the CNS, although it bound to neuroblastoma IMR-32 cells and oligodendrocytes in vitro. Double immunofluorescence staining of rat brain using NB3C4 and anti-GST-pi, anti-glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), or anti-neurofilament 200 (NF) antibody revealed that anti-GST-pi antibody identified an oligodendrocyte marker recognizing NB3C4-positive cells, while both anti-GFAP and anti-NF antibody did not. Western blotting of rat brain homogenates showed that NB3C4 bound three proteins of 22-28 kDa, while the anti-GST-pi recognized a 27 kDa protein. Therefore, antigens recognized by NB3C4 could be novel markers for oligodendrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Yoshimura
- Department of Physiology, Saitama Medical School, Iruma-gun, Japan
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Nakahara J, Tan-Takeuchi K, Seiwa C, Yagi T, Aiso S, Kawamura K, Asou H. Myelin basic protein is necessary for the regulation of myelin-associated glycoprotein expression in mouse oligodendroglia. Neurosci Lett 2001; 298:163-6. [PMID: 11165432 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3940(00)01745-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) has currently been proposed to be a possible igniter of myelination in the central nervous system. We propose here that myelin basic protein (MBP) is prerequisite, which is more diffusely expressed than MAG in early stages of myelination. MBP-deficient mice show significant reduction of MAG-positive immature oligodendroglia at early stages of myelination, although significant increase of such cells is noted in the adult. MBP/Fyn-double deficient adult mice also show moderate increase of the same type of immature glia, but to a lesser degree than MBP-deficiency alone. The present study suggests that MBP is required for the regulation of MAG expression in oligodendroglia, involving Fyn therein. We discuss the possibility that hitherto unknown molecule, not MAG, may be in responsible for the ignition of the myelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Nakahara
- Department of Neurobiology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakaecho, Itabashi-ku, 173-0015, Tokyo, Japan
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Akiyama K, Sakurai Y, Asou H, Senshu T. Localization of peptidylarginine deiminase type II in a stage-specific immature oligodendrocyte from rat cerebral hemisphere. Neurosci Lett 1999; 274:53-5. [PMID: 10530518 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3940(99)00678-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Myelin basic protein (MBP) is composed of multiple charged isomers as the products of various posttranslational modifications. The least cationic component contains six citrulline residues converted from arginine residues by peptidylarginine deiminase (PAD). The modified MBP differs markedly from unmodified MBP in the ability to aggregate acidic lipid vesicles. However, the localization of PAD in brain has remained rather elusive. We performed Western blotting and immunocytochemical analyses of PAD type II and found that it was present in stage-specific immature oligodendrocytes but not in either type-1 astrocytes or neurons. We also confirmed that only the oligodendrocyte homogenate contained the PAD activity utilizing a sensitive method to detect citrulline-containing proteins. These data suggest that PAD type II localized in oligodendrocytes is responsible for deiminating MBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Akiyama
- Department of Bioactivity Regulation, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Itabashi-ku, Japan
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