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Jing XH, Liu YX, Liao R, Kang HJ, Tan HF, Liu YY. Synthesis, characterization, and shape-memory performances of monoamine-toughened epoxy resin. HIGH PERFORM POLYM 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/0954008315616467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Epoxy resins were toughened by octylamine, dodecylamine, and hexadecylamine, respectively. The curing temperature and the curing kinetics were studied by non-isothermal differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to optimize the cure conditions. The mass ratios of the monoamine to the total mass of triethylenetetramine and monoamine were varied to obtain polymers with different compositions. The cured polymers were analyzed by DSC, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and mechanical analyses. Shape-memory performance was evaluated by fold-deploy tests. The glass transition temperature ( Tg) decreased with increasing carbon numbers of monoamine, and the decrease in Tg scaled with the content of monoamines added in the system. The elongation increased with an increase in monoamine content and alkyl chain length. The better toughness of the monoamine-rich system was further confirmed by the results of SEM. The strain fixity ratio increased with a decrease in monoamine content. The strain recovery ratios of all systems were greater than 98%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Hai Jing
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yu-Xi Liu
- School of Material Science and Chemical Engineering, Chuzhou University, Chuzhou, Anhui, China
| | - Rong Liao
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hong-Jun Kang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hui-Feng Tan
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Advanced Composites in Special Environments, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yu-Yan Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
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Wang Y, Zhao J, Yuan Y, Liu S, Feng Z, Zhao Y. Synthesis of maleimido-substituted aromatic s-triazine and its application in flame-retarded epoxy resins. Polym Degrad Stab 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2013.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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3
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Xiong X, Chen P, Zhang J, Yu Q, Wang B. Preparation and properties of high performance phthalide-containing bismaleimide modified epoxy matrices. J Appl Polym Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/app.33588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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4
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Masram DT, Kariya KP, Bhave NS. Synthesis, Characterization and Thermal Degradation Study of Terpolymer-derived from p-Hydroxybenzoic Acid, Diaminonaphthelein with Formaldehyde. HIGH PERFORM POLYM 2010. [DOI: 10.1177/0954008310378053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Resin pHDNF has been synthesized by the condensation of p-hydroxybenzoic acid and diaminonaphthelein with formaldehyde in the presence of catalyst hydrochloric acid in 1 : 1 : 2 molar proportions of reactants. The purity of newly synthesized terpolymer has been tested and confirmed by the thin layer chromatography (TLC) technique. Detailed thermal degradation studies of the pHDNF resin have been carried out to ascertain its thermal stability. The thermal degradation curve was examined in order to determine their mode of decomposition, order of reaction, apparent activation energy, frequency factor, free energy change, entropy change and apparent energy change. The Freeman—Carroll and Sharp—Wentworth methods were applied for the calculation of kinetic parameters and the data from the Freeman—Carroll method was been used to determine various thermodynamic parameters. The terpolymer resin was characterized by elemental analysis, infrared (IR) spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and UV-visible spectral studies. The number-average molecular weight of the resin was determined by non-aqueous conductometric titration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kiran P. Kariya
- Department of Chemistry, VMV commerce JMT Arts & JJP Science College, Nagpur-44008. India
| | - Narayan S. Bhave
- Department of Chemistry, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur-440033, India
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5
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Shenoy M, Patil M, Shetty A. Modification of epoxy resin by addition of bismaleimide and diallyl phthalate. POLYM ENG SCI 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.20901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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6
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Wu CS, Liu YL, Hsu KY. Maleimide-epoxy resins: preparation, thermal properties, and flame retardance. POLYMER 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0032-3861(02)00812-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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7
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Liu YL, Liu YL, Jeng RJ, Chiu YS. Triphenylphosphine oxide-based bismaleimide and poly(bismaleimide): Synthesis, characterization, and properties. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.1149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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8
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Curliss DB, Cowans BA, Caruthers JM. Cure Reaction Pathways of Bismaleimide Polymers: A Solid-State 15N NMR Investigation. Macromolecules 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/ma9718255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David B. Curliss
- Air Force Research Laboratory, AFRL/MLBC, Wright Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio 45433
| | - Brett A. Cowans
- Purdue University, School of Chemical Engineering, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - James M. Caruthers
- Purdue University, School of Chemical Engineering, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
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