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Plodukhin AY, Boichenko MA, Andreev IA, Tarasenko EA, Anisovich KV, Ratmanova NK, Zhokhov SS, Trushkov IV, Ivanova OA. Concise approach to γ-(het)aryl- and γ-alkenyl-γ-aminobutyric acids. Synthesis of vigabatrin. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:1027-1033. [PMID: 38193622 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01769a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) and GABA derivatives have attracted increased attention over the years in the fields of medicinal chemistry and chemical biology due to their interesting biological properties and synthetic relevance. Here, we report a short synthetic route to γ-(het)aryl- and γ-alkenyl-γ-aminobutyric acids, including the antiepileptic drug vigabatrin, from readily available donor-acceptor cyclopropanes and ammonia or methylamine. This protocol includes a facile synthesis of 2-oxopyrrolidine-3-carboxamides and their acid hydrolysis to γ-aryl- or γ-alkenyl-substituted GABAs, which can serve as perspective building blocks for the synthesis of various GABA-based N-heterocycles and bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey Yu Plodukhin
- Department of Chemistry, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie gory 1-3, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Maksim A Boichenko
- Department of Chemistry, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie gory 1-3, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Ivan A Andreev
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 47, Moscow 119991, Russia.
- Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Samory Mashela 1, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Elena A Tarasenko
- Department of Chemistry, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie gory 1-3, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Kanstantsin V Anisovich
- Department of Chemistry, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie gory 1-3, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Nina K Ratmanova
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 47, Moscow 119991, Russia.
- Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Samory Mashela 1, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Sergey S Zhokhov
- Department of Chemistry, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie gory 1-3, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Igor V Trushkov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 47, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Olga A Ivanova
- Department of Chemistry, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie gory 1-3, Moscow 119991, Russia.
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2
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Varadi G. Mechanism of Analgesia by Gabapentinoid Drugs: Involvement of Modulation of Synaptogenesis and Trafficking of Glutamate-Gated Ion Channels. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2024; 388:121-133. [PMID: 37918854 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.123.001669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Gabapentinoids have clinically been used for treating epilepsy, neuropathic pain, and several other neurologic disorders for >30 years; however, the definitive molecular mechanism responsible for their therapeutic actions remained uncertain. The conventional pharmacological observation regarding their efficacy in chronic pain modulation is the weakening of glutamate release at presynaptic terminals in the spinal cord. While the α2/δ-1 subunit of voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) has been identified as the primary drug receptor for gabapentinoids, the lack of consistent effect of this drug class on VGCC function is indicative of a minor role in regulating this ion channel's activity. The current review targets the efficacy and mechanism of gabapentinoids in treating chronic pain. The discovery of interaction of α2/δ-1 with thrombospondins established this protein as a major synaptogenic neuronal receptor for thrombospondins. Other findings identified α2/δ-1 as a powerful regulator of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDA) and alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid receptor (AMPAR) by potentiating the synaptic expression, a putative pathophysiological mechanism of neuropathic pain. Further, the interdependent interactions between thrombospondin and α2/δ-1 contribute to chronic pain states, while gabapentinoid ligands efficaciously reverse such pain conditions. Gabapentin normalizes and even blocks NMDAR and AMPAR synaptic targeting and activity elicited by nerve injury. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Gabapentinoid drugs are used to treat various neurological conditions including chronic pain. In chronic pain states, gene expression of cacnα2/δ-1 and thrombospondins are upregulated and promote aberrant excitatory synaptogenesis. The complex trait of protein associations that involve interdependent interactions between α2/δ-1 and thrombospondins, further, association of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor and alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid receptor with the C-tail of α2/δ-1, constitutes a macromolecular signaling complex that forms the crucial elements for the pharmacological mode of action of gabapentinoids.
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3
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Abd-Allah WH, El-Mohsen Anwar MA, Mohammed ER, El Moghazy SM. Anticonvulsant Classes and Possible Mechanism of Actions. ACS Chem Neurosci 2023; 14:4076-4092. [PMID: 37948544 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is considered one of the most common neurological disorders worldwide; it needs long-term or life-long treatment. Despite the presence of several novel antiepileptic drugs, approximately 30% patients still suffer from drug-resistant epilepsy. Subsequently, searching for new anticonvulsants with lower toxicity and better efficacy is still in paramount demand. Using target-based studies in the discovery of novel antiepileptics is uncommon owing to the insufficient information on the molecular pathway of epilepsy and complex mode of action for most of known antiepileptic drugs. In this review, we investigated the properties of anticonvulsants, types of epileptic seizures, and mechanism of action for anticonvulsants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walaa Hamada Abd-Allah
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Collage of Pharmaceutical Science and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology, P.O. 77, 12568 6th of October City, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mostafa Abd El-Mohsen Anwar
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Collage of Pharmaceutical Science and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology, P.O. 77, 12568 6th of October City, Giza, Egypt
| | - Eman R Mohammed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, 11562 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Samir M El Moghazy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, 11562 Cairo, Egypt
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4
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Kozai D, Numoto N, Nishikawa K, Kamegawa A, Kawasaki S, Hiroaki Y, Irie K, Oshima A, Hanzawa H, Shimada K, Kitano Y, Fujiyoshi Y. Recognition mechanism of a novel gabapentinoid drug, mirogabalin, for recombinant human α 2δ1, a voltage-gated calcium channel subunit. J Mol Biol 2023; 435:168049. [PMID: 36933823 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2023.168049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Mirogabalin is a novel gabapentinoid drug with a hydrophobic bicyclo substituent on the γ-aminobutyric acid moiety that targets the voltage-gated calcium channel subunit α2δ1. Here, to reveal the mirogabalin recognition mechanisms of α2δ1, we present structures of recombinant human α2δ1 with and without mirogabalin analyzed by cryo-electron microscopy. These structures show the binding of mirogabalin to the previously reported gabapentinoid binding site, which is the extracellular dCache_1 domain containing a conserved amino acid binding motif. A slight conformational change occurs around the residues positioned close to the hydrophobic group of mirogabalin. Mutagenesis binding assays identified that residues in the hydrophobic interaction region, in addition to several amino acid binding motif residues around the amino and carboxyl groups of mirogabalin, are critical for mirogabalin binding. The A215L mutation introduced to decrease the hydrophobic pocket volume predictably suppressed mirogabalin binding and promoted the binding of another ligand, L-Leu, with a smaller hydrophobic substituent than mirogabalin. Alterations of residues in the hydrophobic interaction region of α2δ1 to those of the α2δ2, α2δ3, and α2δ4 isoforms, of which α2δ3 and α2δ4 are gabapentin-insensitive, suppressed the binding of mirogabalin. These results support the importance of hydrophobic interactions in α2δ1 ligand recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Kozai
- Cellular and Structural Physiology Institute (CeSPI), Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan; Japan Biological Informatics Consortium, 2-4-32 Aomi, Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-0063, Japan; Advanced Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8501, Japan.
| | - Nobutaka Numoto
- Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8501, Japan.
| | - Kouki Nishikawa
- CeSPIA Inc., 2-1-1 Otemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan; Joint Research Course for Advanced Biomolecular Characterization, Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-cho, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan.
| | - Akiko Kamegawa
- Advanced Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8501, Japan; CeSPIA Inc., 2-1-1 Otemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan.
| | - Shohei Kawasaki
- Daiichi Sankyo RD Novare Co., Ltd., 1-16-13 Kitakasai, Edogawa-ku, Tokyo 134-8630, Japan.
| | - Yoko Hiroaki
- Cellular and Structural Physiology Institute (CeSPI), Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan; Japan Biological Informatics Consortium, 2-4-32 Aomi, Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-0063, Japan.
| | - Katsumasa Irie
- Cellular and Structural Physiology Institute (CeSPI), Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan; Department of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan.
| | - Atsunori Oshima
- Cellular and Structural Physiology Institute (CeSPI), Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan; Department of Basic Medicinal Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan; Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan.
| | - Hiroyuki Hanzawa
- Daiichi Sankyo RD Novare Co., Ltd., 1-16-13 Kitakasai, Edogawa-ku, Tokyo 134-8630, Japan.
| | - Kousei Shimada
- Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., 1-2-58 Hiromachi, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 140-8710, Japan.
| | - Yutaka Kitano
- Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., 1-2-58 Hiromachi, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 140-8710, Japan.
| | - Yoshinori Fujiyoshi
- Advanced Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8501, Japan; CeSPIA Inc., 2-1-1 Otemachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan.
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5
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Khosravi N, Youseftabar-Miri L, Divsar F, Hallajian S, Hafezi K. Development and evaluation of chitosan-g-poly(acrylic acid-co-acrylamide) hydrogel composite containing gabapentin for in vitro controlled release. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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6
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Smith SN, Trujillo C, Connon SJ. Catalytic, asymmetric azidations at carbonyls: achiral and meso-anhydride desymmetrisation affords enantioenriched γ-lactams. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:6384-6393. [PMID: 35861618 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob01040b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An unprecedented organocatalytic process involving the asymmetric addition of azide to meso-anhydrides has been developed, promoted by novel sulfamide-substituted Cinchona alkaloid-based catalysts. Readily available glutaric anhydrides can be smoothly converted to enantioenriched hemi-acyl azides and from there to either γ-amino acids or γ-lactams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon N Smith
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, The University of Dublin, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Cristina Trujillo
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, The University of Dublin, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Stephen J Connon
- Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, The University of Dublin, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland.
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7
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Kumar Singh S, Suresh M, Bahadur Singh R, Bandichhor R, Ghosh P. A solvent free tandem lactamization-decarboxylation route to (S)-Pregabalin lactam. Tetrahedron Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2022.153903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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8
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Marchand G, Masoud AT, Govindan M, Ware K, King A, Ruther S, Brazil G, Cieminski K, Calteux N, Coriell C, Ulibarri H, Parise J, Arroyo A, Chen D, Pierson M, Rafie R, Sainz K. Systematic review and meta-analysis of the efficacy of gabapentin in chronic female pelvic pain without another diagnosis. AJOG GLOBAL REPORTS 2022; 2:100042. [PMID: 36274967 PMCID: PMC9563541 DOI: 10.1016/j.xagr.2021.100042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Objective Study Design Results CONCLUSION
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Affiliation(s)
- Greg Marchand
- From the Marchand Institute for Minimally Invasive Surgery, Mesa, AZ (Drs Marchand, Masoud, and Govindan, MsesWare, King, Ruther, Brazil, andCieminski, MrCalteux, MsesCoriell, Ulibarri, Parise, and Arroyo, and Dr Sainz)
- Corresponding author. Greg J. Marchand, MD, FACS, FACOG, FICS.
| | - Ahmed Taher Masoud
- From the Marchand Institute for Minimally Invasive Surgery, Mesa, AZ (Drs Marchand, Masoud, and Govindan, MsesWare, King, Ruther, Brazil, andCieminski, MrCalteux, MsesCoriell, Ulibarri, Parise, and Arroyo, and Dr Sainz)
- Fayoum University Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum, Egypt (Dr Masoud)
| | - Malini Govindan
- From the Marchand Institute for Minimally Invasive Surgery, Mesa, AZ (Drs Marchand, Masoud, and Govindan, MsesWare, King, Ruther, Brazil, andCieminski, MrCalteux, MsesCoriell, Ulibarri, Parise, and Arroyo, and Dr Sainz)
| | - Kelly Ware
- From the Marchand Institute for Minimally Invasive Surgery, Mesa, AZ (Drs Marchand, Masoud, and Govindan, MsesWare, King, Ruther, Brazil, andCieminski, MrCalteux, MsesCoriell, Ulibarri, Parise, and Arroyo, and Dr Sainz)
- International University of the Health Sciences, Basseterre, Saint Kitts and Nevis (Ms Ware)
| | - Alexa King
- From the Marchand Institute for Minimally Invasive Surgery, Mesa, AZ (Drs Marchand, Masoud, and Govindan, MsesWare, King, Ruther, Brazil, andCieminski, MrCalteux, MsesCoriell, Ulibarri, Parise, and Arroyo, and Dr Sainz)
| | - Stacy Ruther
- From the Marchand Institute for Minimally Invasive Surgery, Mesa, AZ (Drs Marchand, Masoud, and Govindan, MsesWare, King, Ruther, Brazil, andCieminski, MrCalteux, MsesCoriell, Ulibarri, Parise, and Arroyo, and Dr Sainz)
| | - Giovanna Brazil
- From the Marchand Institute for Minimally Invasive Surgery, Mesa, AZ (Drs Marchand, Masoud, and Govindan, MsesWare, King, Ruther, Brazil, andCieminski, MrCalteux, MsesCoriell, Ulibarri, Parise, and Arroyo, and Dr Sainz)
| | - Kaitlynne Cieminski
- From the Marchand Institute for Minimally Invasive Surgery, Mesa, AZ (Drs Marchand, Masoud, and Govindan, MsesWare, King, Ruther, Brazil, andCieminski, MrCalteux, MsesCoriell, Ulibarri, Parise, and Arroyo, and Dr Sainz)
| | - Nicolas Calteux
- From the Marchand Institute for Minimally Invasive Surgery, Mesa, AZ (Drs Marchand, Masoud, and Govindan, MsesWare, King, Ruther, Brazil, andCieminski, MrCalteux, MsesCoriell, Ulibarri, Parise, and Arroyo, and Dr Sainz)
| | - Catherine Coriell
- From the Marchand Institute for Minimally Invasive Surgery, Mesa, AZ (Drs Marchand, Masoud, and Govindan, MsesWare, King, Ruther, Brazil, andCieminski, MrCalteux, MsesCoriell, Ulibarri, Parise, and Arroyo, and Dr Sainz)
| | - Hollie Ulibarri
- From the Marchand Institute for Minimally Invasive Surgery, Mesa, AZ (Drs Marchand, Masoud, and Govindan, MsesWare, King, Ruther, Brazil, andCieminski, MrCalteux, MsesCoriell, Ulibarri, Parise, and Arroyo, and Dr Sainz)
| | - Julia Parise
- From the Marchand Institute for Minimally Invasive Surgery, Mesa, AZ (Drs Marchand, Masoud, and Govindan, MsesWare, King, Ruther, Brazil, andCieminski, MrCalteux, MsesCoriell, Ulibarri, Parise, and Arroyo, and Dr Sainz)
| | - Amanda Arroyo
- From the Marchand Institute for Minimally Invasive Surgery, Mesa, AZ (Drs Marchand, Masoud, and Govindan, MsesWare, King, Ruther, Brazil, andCieminski, MrCalteux, MsesCoriell, Ulibarri, Parise, and Arroyo, and Dr Sainz)
| | - Diana Chen
- Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ (Mses Chen and Pierson)
| | - Maria Pierson
- Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ (Mses Chen and Pierson)
| | - Rasa Rafie
- Rocky Vista University College of Osteopathic Medicine, Parker, CO (MsRafie)
| | - Katelyn Sainz
- From the Marchand Institute for Minimally Invasive Surgery, Mesa, AZ (Drs Marchand, Masoud, and Govindan, MsesWare, King, Ruther, Brazil, andCieminski, MrCalteux, MsesCoriell, Ulibarri, Parise, and Arroyo, and Dr Sainz)
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9
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Lu D, Lu P, Lu Z. Cobalt‐Catalyzed Asymmetric 1,4‐Reduction of
β,β‐
Dialkyl
α
,
β
‐Unsaturated Esters with PMHS. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dongpo Lu
- Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 China
| | - Peng Lu
- Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 China
| | - Zhan Lu
- Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 China
- College of Chemistry Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450001 China
- Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou 310058 China
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10
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Ortega‐Rojas MA, Castillo E, Razo‐Hernández RS, Pastor N, Juaristi E, Escalante J. Effect of the Substituent and Amino Group Position on the Lipase‐Catalyzed Resolution of γ‐Amino Esters: A Molecular Docking Study Shedding Light on
Candida antarctica
lipase B Enantioselectivity. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marina A. Ortega‐Rojas
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas Centro de Investigaciones Químicas Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos Av. Universidad No. 1001, Col. Chamilpa C.P. 62210 Cuernavaca Morelos México
| | - Edmundo Castillo
- Departamento de Ingeniería Celular y Biocatálisis Instituto de Biotecnología UNAM Apartado Postal 510–3 C.P. 62271 Cuernavaca Morelos México
| | - Rodrigo Said Razo‐Hernández
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos Av. Universidad No. 1001, Col. Chamilpa C.P. 62210 Cuernavaca Morelos México
| | - Nina Pastor
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos Av. Universidad No. 1001, Col. Chamilpa C.P. 62210 Cuernavaca Morelos México
| | - Eusebio Juaristi
- Departamento de Química Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional No. 2508 07360 Ciudad de México México
- El Colegio Nacional Luis González Obregón 23, Centro Histórico 06020 Ciudad de México México
| | - Jaime Escalante
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas Centro de Investigaciones Químicas Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos Av. Universidad No. 1001, Col. Chamilpa C.P. 62210 Cuernavaca Morelos México
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11
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Evoy KE, Peckham AM, Covvey JR, Tidgewell KJ. Gabapentinoid Pharmacology in the Context of Emerging Misuse Liability. J Clin Pharmacol 2021; 61 Suppl 2:S89-S99. [PMID: 34396549 DOI: 10.1002/jcph.1833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This article will review the epidemiology and pharmacology of gabapentinoids (gabapentin and pregabalin) relevant to their emerging misuse potential and provide guidance for clinical and regulatory management. Gabapentinoids are γ-aminobutyric acid analogues that produce their therapeutic effects by inhibiting voltage-gated calcium channels and decreasing neurotransmitter release. Recently gabapentinoid prescribing and use have increased tremendously. Although traditionally thought to possess a favorable safety profile, gabapentinoid misuse has also risen significantly. Gabapentinoid misuse generally occurs in combination with other substances, most notably opioids, and may be for purposes of eliciting euphoric effects, enhancing the effects of other substances, or self-treating conditions such as withdrawal, pain, anxiety, or insomnia. Given its faster onset, increased bioavailability and potency, and nonsaturable absorption, pregabalin's pharmacokinetics theoretically enhance its misuse liability versus gabapentin. However, gabapentin can produce similar euphoric effects, and epidemiologic studies have identified higher rates of gabapentin misuse in the United States, likely because of greater availability and less regulated prescribing. Although adverse events of gabapentinoid-only ingestion are relatively benign, a growing body of evidence indicates that gabapentinoids significantly increase opioid-related morbidity and mortality when used concomitantly. In addition, significant withdrawal effects may occur on abrupt discontinuation. As a result of these trends, several US states have begun to further regulate gabapentinoid prescribing, reclassifying it as a controlled substance or mandating reporting to local prescription drug-monitoring programs. Although increased regulation of gabapentin prescribing may be warranted, harm reduction efforts and increased patient and provider education are necessary to mitigate this concerning gabapentinoid misuse trend.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirk E Evoy
- The University of Texas at Austin College of Pharmacy, Austin, Texas, USA.,University Health System, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Alyssa M Peckham
- School of Pharmacy, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Pharmacy, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jordan R Covvey
- Duquesne University School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kevin J Tidgewell
- Duquesne University School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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12
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Hall CJJ, Goundry WRF, Donohoe TJ. Hydrogen-Borrowing Alkylation of 1,2-Amino Alcohols in the Synthesis of Enantioenriched γ-Aminobutyric Acids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:6981-6985. [PMID: 33561302 PMCID: PMC8048514 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202100922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
For the first time we have been able to employ enantiopure 1,2-amino alcohols derived from abundant amino acids in C-C bond-forming hydrogen-borrowing alkylation reactions. These reactions are facilitated by the use of the aryl ketone Ph*COMe. Racemisation of the amine stereocentre during alkylation can be prevented by the use of sub-stoichiometric base and protection of the nitrogen with a sterically hindered triphenylmethane (trityl) or benzyl group. The Ph* and trityl groups are readily cleaved in one pot to give γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) products as their HCl salts without further purification. Both steps may be performed in sequence without isolation of the hydrogen-borrowing intermediate, removing the need for column chromatography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J J Hall
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - William R F Goundry
- Early Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield, SK10 2NA, UK
| | - Timothy J Donohoe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
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13
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Hydrogen‐Borrowing Alkylation of 1,2‐Amino Alcohols in the Synthesis of Enantioenriched γ‐Aminobutyric Acids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202100922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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14
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Smith SN, Craig R, Connon SJ. Divergent Synthesis of γ-Amino Acid and γ-Lactam Derivatives from meso-Glutaric Anhydrides. Chemistry 2020; 26:13378-13382. [PMID: 32996163 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The first divergent synthesis of both γ-amino acid and γ-lactam derivatives from meso-glutaric anhydrides is described. The organocatalytic desymmetrisation with TMSN3 relies on controlled generation of a nucleophilic ammonium azide species mediated by a polystyrene-bound base to promote efficient silylazidation. After Curtius rearrangement of the acyl azide intermediate to access the corresponding isocyanate, hydrolysis/alcoholysis provided uniformly high yields of γ-amino acids and their N-protected counterparts. The same intermediates were shown to undergo an unprecedented decarboxylation-cyclisation cascade in situ to provide synthetically useful yields of γ-lactam derivatives without using any further activating agents. Mechanistic insights invoke the intermediacy of an unconventional γ-N-carboxyanhydride (γ-NCA) in the latter process. Among the examples prepared using this transformation are 8 APIs/molecules of considerable medicinal interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon N Smith
- School of Chemistry, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin, 2, Ireland
| | - Ryan Craig
- School of Chemistry, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin, 2, Ireland
| | - Stephen J Connon
- School of Chemistry, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin, 2, Ireland
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15
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Ötvös SB, Llanes P, Pericàs MA, Kappe CO. Telescoped Continuous Flow Synthesis of Optically Active γ-Nitrobutyric Acids as Key Intermediates of Baclofen, Phenibut, and Fluorophenibut. Org Lett 2020; 22:8122-8126. [PMID: 33026815 PMCID: PMC7573919 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c03100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The two-step flow asymmetric synthesis of chiral γ-nitrobutyric acids as key intermediates of the GABA analogues baclofen, phenibut, and fluorophenibut is reported on a multigram scale. The telescoped process comprises an enantioselective Michael-type addition facilitated by a polystyrene-supported heterogeneous organocatalyst under neat conditions followed by in situ-generated performic acid-mediated aldehyde oxidation. Simple access to valuable optically active substances is provided with key advances in terms of productivity and sustainability compared to those of previous batch approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sándor B. Ötvös
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, A-8010 Graz, Austria
- Center
for Continuous Flow Synthesis and Processing (CC FLOW), Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH (RCPE), Inffeldgasse 13, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Patricia Llanes
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Av. Països Catalans 16, E-43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Miquel A. Pericàs
- Institute
of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Av. Països Catalans 16, E-43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Departament
de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - C. Oliver Kappe
- Institute
of Chemistry, University of Graz, NAWI Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, A-8010 Graz, Austria
- Center
for Continuous Flow Synthesis and Processing (CC FLOW), Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH (RCPE), Inffeldgasse 13, A-8010 Graz, Austria
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16
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Oliveira Rodrigues M, Ramiro Sobral F, Da Ros Montes D'Oca C, Russowsky D, Montes D'Oca MG. Morita‐Baylis‐Hillman Reaction Accessing GABA Intermediates: Synthesis of New Lipophilic Hydroxylated γ‐Nitroesters. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202002824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marieli Oliveira Rodrigues
- Escola de Química e Alimentos Universidade Federal do Rio Grande Av. Itália Km 08 s/n Rio Grande-RS Brazil
| | - Felipe Ramiro Sobral
- Escola de Química e Alimentos Universidade Federal do Rio Grande Av. Itália Km 08 s/n Rio Grande-RS Brazil
| | - Caroline Da Ros Montes D'Oca
- Departamento de Química Universidade Federal do Paraná Centro Politécnico, Av. Coronel Francisco H. Santos 100 Curitiba-PR Brazil
| | - Dennis Russowsky
- Instituto de Química Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500 Porto Alegre-RS Brazil
| | - Marcelo G. Montes D'Oca
- Escola de Química e Alimentos Universidade Federal do Rio Grande Av. Itália Km 08 s/n Rio Grande-RS Brazil
- Departamento de Química Universidade Federal do Paraná Centro Politécnico, Av. Coronel Francisco H. Santos 100 Curitiba-PR Brazil
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17
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Selvy M, Cuménal M, Kerckhove N, Courteix C, Busserolles J, Balayssac D. The safety of medications used to treat peripheral neuropathic pain, part 1 (antidepressants and antiepileptics): review of double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trials. Expert Opin Drug Saf 2020; 19:707-733. [PMID: 32363948 DOI: 10.1080/14740338.2020.1764934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Peripheral neuropathic pain is a highly disabling condition for patients and a challenge for neurologists and pain physicians. Although many drugs have been assessed in scientific studies, few have demonstrated a clear clinical efficacy against neuropathic pain. Moreover, the paucity of data regarding their safety raised the question on the benefit-risk ratio when used in patients experiencing peripheral neuropathies. AREAS COVERED The authors conducted a review of double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trials to assess the safety of medications used to treat neuropathic pain. This first review was focused on antidepressant and antiepileptic medications. The aim was to provide an overview of the treatment-emergent adverse events (≥10%) and the serious adverse effects described in clinical trials. EXPERT OPINION Among antiepileptics and antidepressants, duloxetine appeared to have the most detailed safety for the treatment of peripheral neuropathic pain. Over all studies, the most commonly reported adverse effects were dizziness, drowsiness, nausea, and constipation. Only 20.0% of the included studies (N = 90) presented a good description of adverse effects that included a statistical comparison vers usa placebo group. Important methodological improvements must be made to improve the assessment of medication safety in future clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Selvy
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Service de chirurgie digestive, INSERM, NEURO-DOL , Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Mélissa Cuménal
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INSERM NEURO-DOL , Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Nicolas Kerckhove
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Service de pharmacologie médicale, INSERMNEURO-DOL, Institut Analgesia , Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Christine Courteix
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INSERM NEURO-DOL , Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Jérôme Busserolles
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INSERM NEURO-DOL , Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - David Balayssac
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Délégation à la recherche clinique et à l'innovation, INSERM, NEURO-DOL , Clermont-Ferrand, France
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18
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Experimental and Computational Studies Unraveling the Peculiarity of Enolizable Oxoesters in the Organocatalyzed Mannich-Type Addition to Cyclic N-Acyl Iminium Ions. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25081903. [PMID: 32326095 PMCID: PMC7221655 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25081903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
γ− and δ-Oxoesters are easily available starting materials that have been sparingly used in some organocatalyzed reactions proceeding with a high enantioselectivity. In our experimentation we found that the use of these compounds as the enolizable (nucleophilic) component in organocatalyzed Mannich-type reactions using in situ-generated cyclic N-acyl iminium ions gave low diastereoselectivity and low to moderate values of enantioselectivity. This significant drop of facial selectivity with respect to simple aliphatic aldehydes has been rationalized by means of density functional theory (DFT) calculations.
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19
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Fülöp Z, Szemesi P, Bana P, Éles J, Greiner I. Evolution of flow-oriented design strategies in the continuous preparation of pharmaceuticals. REACT CHEM ENG 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0re00273a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This review focuses on the flow-oriented design (FOD) in the multi-step continuous-flow synthesis of active pharmaceutical ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsolt Fülöp
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology
- Budapest University of Technology and Economics
- 1521 Budapest
- Hungary
| | - Péter Szemesi
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology
- Budapest University of Technology and Economics
- 1521 Budapest
- Hungary
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20
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D’Oca CDRM, Mass EB, Ongaratto RF, de Andrade AM, D’Oca MGM, Russowsky D. Synthesis of (+/−)-Pregabalin and its novel lipophilic β-alkyl-substituted analogues from fatty chains. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj02263b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this work, were synthesized for the first time a series of new lipophilic β-alkyl substituted GABA derivatives from fatty alkyl chains.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eduardo Bustos Mass
- Instituto de Química
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul
- Porto Alegre
- Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Dennis Russowsky
- Instituto de Química
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul
- Porto Alegre
- Brazil
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21
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Abram M, Jakubiec M, Kamiński K. Chirality as an Important Factor for the Development of New Antiepileptic Drugs. ChemMedChem 2019; 14:1744-1761. [PMID: 31476107 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201900367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, chiral molecules (especially enantiomers) have occupied a significant place in pharmaceutical industry and have played a prominent role in the development of new drugs. Individual stereoisomers exhibit marked differences in pharmacodynamic, pharmacokinetic, and toxicological properties. Therefore, there is currently considerable interest in fully characterizing and examining both enantiomers in the early stages of new drug development. Despite the fact that epilepsy is a complex disease and that a given drug's mechanism of action may be multidirectional and not always fully understood, significant differences have been observed in the anticonvulsant activity of individual stereoisomers. Therefore, between 1996 and 2018, among 14 new antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) approved for the treatment of epilepsy, as many as seven are chiral and introduced to the market in the single-enantiomer (or diastereomer) form. This review provides an overview of the impact of chirality on the development and discovery of new AEDs that have entered into clinical trials or preclinical studies. These new AEDs were developed by applying the single-enantiomer approval strategy. Herein we focus our attention on the main synthetic pathways of stereoisomers, as well as on the influence of chirality on pharmacodynamic, pharmacokinetic, and/or toxicological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Abram
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Marcin Jakubiec
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Kamiński
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
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22
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Sahota S, Parry RG, Gentile G. Pregabalin-induced urticarial rash and neutropenia in a renal transplant recipient: a case report. BMC Nephrol 2019; 20:207. [PMID: 31170935 PMCID: PMC6554987 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-019-1401-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pregabalin is a medication used to treat epilepsy, neuropathic pain and generalised anxiety disorder. The most common side effects of pregabalin include dizziness, drowsiness, weight gain, ataxia and diplopia. On the other hand, neutropenia and rash are rare side effects of pregabalin, and at the time of writing, there are only two documented cases of neutropenia and one of rash in the literature, none of which involved renal transplant recipients. CASE PRESENTATION We present a 37-year-old renal transplant recipient who was admitted with lethargy, sore throat, urticarial rash and neutropenia after recently being commenced on pregabalin. On physical examination, he had erythematous urticarial rash near his renal transplant scar, on his right elbow, left knee and left wrist. Bacterial/viral serology and immunology were all negative. A blood film confirmed neutropenia and revealed reactive lymphocytes and neutrophil left shift, and those features were compatible with drug reaction. After cessation of the pregabalin, the neutropenia resolved. No other causes of neutropenia or urticarial rash were identified. CONCLUSION To the best of our knowledge, we have described the first case of concomitant pregabalin-induced neutropenia and urticarial rash in a kidney transplant patient. This case report highlights the importance of close monitoring when starting any new medications, particularly in the immunosuppressed population, and is relevant because of the growing usage of pregabalin for treating neuropathic pain in such patients and the risk that a missed pregabalin-related neutropenia could lead to unnecessary modifications of the immunosuppressive treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeev Sahota
- Department of Nephrology, Royal Cornwall Hospitals NHS Trust, Truro, Cornwall, UK
| | - Robin Geoffrey Parry
- Department of Nephrology, Royal Cornwall Hospitals NHS Trust, Truro, Cornwall, UK.,University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK
| | - Giorgio Gentile
- Department of Nephrology, Royal Cornwall Hospitals NHS Trust, Truro, Cornwall, UK. .,University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK. .,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
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23
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Ali SA, Zaitone SA, Dessouki AA, Ali AA. Pregabalin affords retinal neuroprotection in diabetic rats: Suppression of retinal glutamate, microglia cell expression and apoptotic cell death. Exp Eye Res 2019; 184:78-90. [PMID: 31002823 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2019.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Pregabalin is the first drug to receive FDA approval for treating diabetic neuropathic pain. This study investigated the neuroprotective effect of pregabalin in an experimental model of diabetic retinopathy and tested some possible mechanisms underlying the putative neuroprotective effect. Male Wistar rats received streptozotocin (45 mg/kg) to induce type 1 diabetes mellitus. After two weeks, a course of pregabalin (3, 10 and 30 mg/kg) has been launched for five consecutive weeks. Retinal expression of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) was estimated by real-time PCR and retinal glutamate content was also estimated. Further, retinal caspase-3 immunoblotting and DNA fragmentation assays determined the degree of apoptosis. Pregabalin improved histopathological abnormalities in diabetic retinas and suppressed the diabetes-enhanced retinal expression of IL-1β, TNF-α, CD11b (a surface marker for microglia) while attenuated expression of caspase-3 and DNA fragmentation versus the diabetic group. In addition, diabetic rats treated with pregabalin displayed reductions in retinal glutamate, nitric oxide and malondialdehyde (MDA) and enhanced reduced glutathione (GSH) content versus the diabetic controls. Furthermore, pregabalin enhanced the histopathological picture and reduced fibrosis in the optic nerve of diabetic rats in addition to suppression of the content of the glia fibrillary acidic protein. The findings provide the first evidence demonstrating that pregabalin alleviates retinal neuroinflammation, apoptosis and oxidative stress in an experimental type 1 diabetes mellitus. Therefore, pregabalin might serve as a potential therapy for retinopathy after adequate clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sawsan A Zaitone
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Amina A Dessouki
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Azaa A Ali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy (girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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24
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Ghadami N, Barzanji A, Nasseri K, Sarshivi F, Nouri B. Effect of gabapentin in comparison with hydrocortisone on postlaparoscopic cholecystectomy pain control. J Family Med Prim Care 2019; 8:652-656. [PMID: 30984689 PMCID: PMC6436300 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_407_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: Although laparoscopic cholecystectomy causes less pain than open cholecystectomy, it is still not completely painless. Several methods have been used to relieve the pain of laparoscopic surgery. The aim of this research was to compare the effect of gabapentin and hydrocortisone on pain control after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Materials and Methods: In this double-blind clinical trial, a total of 60 adult patients aged 18–70 years from both sexes American Society of Anesthesiologists Classification (ASA Classification 1 and 2) who were selected for laparoscopic cholecystectomy were divided into two groups of 30 subjects to be studied. 150 mg gabapentin and 100 mg hydrocortisone were administered to the first and second groups before the operation, respectively. Pain score and vital signs (systolic blood pressure and heart rate) were recorded. Data were fed into SPSS 23 software and analyzed using Fisher-test, independent t-test, and repeated measurement. P < 0.05 was considered as significance level. Results: Patients were similar in terms of age and sex. Mean score of visual analog scale (VAS) in the first 4 h after operation was 5.84 ± 2.33 and 5.20 ± 1.74 in the gabapentin group and was 7.03 ± 1.23 and 6.50 ± 1.30 in the hydrocortisone group (P < 0.05), respectively. Although mean VAS scores at 6, 12, and 18 h after operation showed no significant differences between gabapentin and hydrocortisone groups (P > 0.05), VAS score 24 hours after operation was 2.87 ± 1.57 and 3.92 ± 1.28 in gabapentin and hydrocortisone groups, respectively (P < 0.05), indicating a significant difference in VAS score between the two groups 2 and 24 h postoperation. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that gabapentin was more effective than hydrocortisone within the first 4 h of laparoscopic cholecystectomy. In addition, gabapentin was shown to be a better pain controller 24 h postoperation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negin Ghadami
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Arvin Barzanji
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Paramedical, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Karim Nasseri
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.,Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Farzad Sarshivi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Bijan Nouri
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
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25
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Reznikov AN, Ostrovskii VA, Klimochkin YN. Synthesis of Nonracemic Tetrazole GABA Analogs. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428018110155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Abstract
Chronic pain is a frequent condition that affects an estimated 20% of people worldwide, accounting for 15%-20% of doctors' appointments (Treede et al., 2015). It lacks the acute warning function of physiologic nociception, and instead involves the activation of multiple neurophysiologic mechanisms in the somatosensory system, a complex neuronal network under the control of powerful autoregulatory loops and able to undergo rapid neuroplastic alteration (Verdu et al., 2008). There is a growing body of research suggesting that some such pathways are shared by major psychologic disorders such as depression and anxiety, opening new avenues in co-treatment strategies. In particular, besides anticonvulsants, which are today used as analgesics, other psychopharmaceuticals, such as the tricyclic antidepressants, are displaying efficacy in the treatment of neuropathic and nociceptive chronic pain. The state of the art regarding the mechanisms of nociception and the pharmacology of both the neurotransmitters involved and the wide range of psychoactive compounds that may be useful in the treatment of chronic pain are discussed.
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27
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Application of Organometallic Catalysts in API Synthesis. TOP ORGANOMETAL CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/3418_2019_31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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28
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Ueda J, Harada S, Nakayama H, Nemoto T. Silver-catalyzed regioselective hydroamination of alkenyl diazoacetates to synthesize γ-amino acid equivalents. Org Biomol Chem 2018; 16:4675-4682. [PMID: 29888358 DOI: 10.1039/c8ob00894a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A simple protocol to directly access γ-amino acid derivatives by intermolecular regioselective hydroamination of trichloroethyl alkenyldiazoacetates with carbamate using a silver tetrafluoroborate catalyst is described. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations to analyze the reaction mechanism revealed that multiple attractive interactions occur in a transition state to promote the vinylogous addition of nitrogen nucleophiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ueda
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan.
| | - Shingo Harada
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan.
| | - Hiroki Nakayama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan.
| | - Tetsuhiro Nemoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1, Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan. and Molecular Chirality Research Center, Chiba University, 1-33, Yayoi-cho, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
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29
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30
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Tovar-Gudiño E, Guevara-Salazar JA, Bahena-Herrera JR, Trujillo-Ferrara JG, Martínez-Campos Z, Razo-Hernández RS, Santiago Á, Pastor N, Fernández-Zertuche M. Novel-Substituted Heterocyclic GABA Analogues. Enzymatic Activity against the GABA-AT Enzyme from Pseudomonas fluorescens and In Silico Molecular Modeling. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23051128. [PMID: 29747438 PMCID: PMC6099672 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23051128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the most important inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, and a deficiency of GABA is associated with serious neurological disorders. Due to its low lipophilicity, there has been an intensive search for new molecules with increased lipophilicity to cross the blood-brain barrier to raise GABA concentrations. We have designed and evaluated in vitro and in silico some new analogues of GABA, where the nitrogen atom at the γ-position is embedded in heterocyclic scaffolds and determined their inhibitory potential over the GABA-AT enzyme from Pseudomonas fluorescens. These modifications lead to compounds with inhibitory activity as it occurs with compounds 18a and 19a. The construction of Pseudomonas fluorescens and human GABA-AT models were carried out by homology modeling. Docking assays were done for these compounds over the GABA-AT enzyme models where 19a showed a strong interaction with both GABA-AT enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Tovar-Gudiño
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Centro de Investigaciones Químicas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca 62209, Morelos, Mexico.
| | - Juan Alberto Guevara-Salazar
- Departmento de Bioquímica, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Cd Mexico 11340, Mexico.
| | - José Raúl Bahena-Herrera
- Departmento de Bioquímica, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Cd Mexico 11340, Mexico.
| | | | - Zuleyma Martínez-Campos
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Centro de Investigaciones Químicas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca 62209, Morelos, Mexico.
| | - Rodrigo Said Razo-Hernández
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca 62209, Morelos, Mexico.
| | - Ángel Santiago
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca 62209, Morelos, Mexico.
| | - Nina Pastor
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca 62209, Morelos, Mexico.
| | - Mario Fernández-Zertuche
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Centro de Investigaciones Químicas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca 62209, Morelos, Mexico.
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31
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Abstract
Patients who suffer from alcohol use disorders (AUDs) usually go through various socio-behavioral and pathophysiological changes that take place in the brain and other organs. Recently, consumption of unhealthy food and excess alcohol along with a sedentary lifestyle has become a norm in both developed and developing countries. Despite the beneficial effects of moderate alcohol consumption, chronic and/or excessive alcohol intake is reported to negatively affect the brain, liver and other organs, resulting in cell death, organ damage/failure and death. The most effective therapy for alcoholism and alcohol related comorbidities is alcohol abstinence, however, chronic alcoholic patients cannot stop drinking alcohol. Therefore, targeted therapies are urgently needed to treat such populations. Patients who suffer from alcoholism and/or alcohol abuse experience harmful effects and changes that occur in the brain and other organs. Upon stopping alcohol consumption, alcoholic patients experience acute withdrawal symptoms followed by a protracted abstinence syndrome resulting in the risk of relapse to heavy drinking. For the past few decades, several drugs have been available for the treatment of AUDs. These drugs include medications to reduce or stop severe alcohol withdrawal symptoms during alcohol detoxification as well as recovery medications to reduce alcohol craving and support abstinence. However, there is no drug that completely antagonizes the adverse effects of excessive amounts of alcohol. This review summarizes the drugs which are available and approved by the FDA and their mechanisms of action as well as the medications that are under various phases of preclinical and clinical trials. In addition, the repurposing of the FDA approved drugs, such as anticonvulsants, antipsychotics, antidepressants and other medications, to prevent alcoholism and treat AUDs and their potential target mechanisms are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Akbar
- Division of Neuroscience and Behavior, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA.
| | - Mark Egli
- Division of Neuroscience and Behavior, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Young-Eun Cho
- Section of Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Byoung-Joon Song
- Section of Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, Laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Antonio Noronha
- Division of Neuroscience and Behavior, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
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Kuźnik A, Mazurkiewicz R, Fryczkowska B. Vinylphosphonium and 2-aminovinylphosphonium salts - preparation and applications in organic synthesis. Beilstein J Org Chem 2018; 13:2710-2738. [PMID: 29564008 PMCID: PMC5753072 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.13.269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The main synthetic routes towards vinylphosphonium salts and their wide applications in organic synthesis are discussed in this review. Particular attention is paid to the use of these compounds as building blocks for the synthesis of carbo- and heterocyclic systems after their prior transformation into the corresponding phosphorus ylides, followed by the intramolecular Wittig reaction with various types of nucleophiles containing a carbonyl function in their structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kuźnik
- Department of Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland.,Biotechnology Center of Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 8, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Roman Mazurkiewicz
- Department of Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry and Biotechnology, Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland.,Biotechnology Center of Silesian University of Technology, B. Krzywoustego 8, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Beata Fryczkowska
- Institute of Textile Engineering and Polymer Materials, University of Bielsko-Biala, Willowa 2, 43-309 Bielsko-Biala, Poland
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Golovenko NY, Larionov VB, Reder AS, Valivodz’ IP. An effector analysis of the interaction of propoxazepam with antagonists of GABA and glycine receptors. NEUROCHEM J+ 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s1819712417040043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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34
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Yamaguchi K, Kumakura S, Someya A, Iseki M, Inada E, Nagaoka I. Anti-inflammatory actions of gabapentin and pregabalin on the substance P-induced mitogen-activated protein kinase activation in U373 MG human glioblastoma astrocytoma cells. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:6109-6115. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Kochhar A, Chouhan K, Panjiar P, Vajifdar H. Gabapentinoids as a Part of Multi-modal Drug Regime for Pain Relief following Laproscopic Cholecystectomy: A Randomized Study. Anesth Essays Res 2017; 11:676-680. [PMID: 28928570 PMCID: PMC5594789 DOI: 10.4103/0259-1162.204208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Gabapentinoids have been used as preemptive analgesics for pain management following laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Recently, multimodal analgesic techniques have been found superior to preemptive analgesia alone. Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare a single preoperative dose of pregabalin 150 mg and gabapentin 300 mg for pain relief following laparoscopic cholecystectomy as a part of multimodal drug regime. Settings and Design: This randomized, single-blind study was conducted after Ethical Committee approval and written informed consent from the patients. Materials and Methods: Fifty patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anesthesia were randomly allocated to receive either 150 mg pregabalin (Group PG), or 300 mg gabapentin (Group GB) orally, 2 h before surgery. Standard anesthesia induction and maintenance were done. For intraoperative pain management, injection fentanyl 2 μg.kg-1 intravenous (IV) along with injection voveran 75 mg IV and port site infiltration was used. Postoperatively, injection diclofenac 75 mg intramuscular TDS was continued. Severity of postoperative pain (visual analog scale [VAS]), postoperative fentanyl requirement and incidence, and severity of side effects were assessed. When VAS >40 mm or on patient's request, a Fentanyl bolus at an increment of 25–50 μg IV was given as rescue analgesia. Results: Intraoperative fentanyl requirement was 135 ± 14 μg in Group PG and 140 ± 14 μg in Group GB (P = 0.21). Postoperative, fentanyl requirement was 123 ± 18 μg in Group PG and 131 ± 23 μg in Group GB (P = 0.17) There was no statistically significant difference in the VAS score for static and dynamic pain. Time to the first requirement of analgesic was 5.4 ± 1.1 h in Group PG and 4.6 ± 1.6 h in Group GB (P = 0.015). No side effects were observed. Conclusion: We conclude that a single preoperative dose of pregabalin (150 mg) or gabapentin (300 mg) are equally efficacious in providing pain relief following laparoscopic cholecystectomy as a part of multimodal regime without any side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Kochhar
- Department of Anesthesia, Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Kanika Chouhan
- Department of Anesthesia, Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Pratibha Panjiar
- Department of Anesthesia, Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Homay Vajifdar
- Department of Anesthesia, Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
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Borisova T, Pozdnyakova N, Shaitanova E, Gerus I, Dudarenko M, Haufe G, Kukhar V. Effects of new fluorinated analogues of GABA, pregabalin bioisosters, on the ambient level and exocytotic release of [ 3H]GABA from rat brain nerve terminals. Bioorg Med Chem 2016; 25:759-764. [PMID: 27956036 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.11.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Revised: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Recently, we have shown that new fluorinated analogues of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), bioisosters of pregabalin (β-i-Bu-GABA), i.e. β-polyfluoroalkyl-GABAs (FGABAs), with substituents: β-CF3-β-OH (1), β-CF3 (2); β-CF2CF2H (3), are able to increase the initial rate of [3H]GABA uptake by isolated rat brain nerve terminals (synaptosomes), and this effect is higher than that of pregabalin. So, synthesized FGABAs are structural but not functional analogues of GABA. Herein, we assessed the effects of synthesized FGABAs (100μM) on the ambient level and exocytotic release of [3H]GABA in nerve terminals and compared with those of pregabalin (100μM). It was shown that FGABAs 1-3 did not influence the ambient level of [3H]GABA in the synaptosomal preparations, and this parameter was also not altered by pregabalin. During blockage of GABA transporters GAT1 by specific inhibitor NO-711, FGABAs and pregabalin also did not change ambient [3H]GABA in synaptosomal preparations. Exocytotic release of [3H]GABA from synaptosomes decreased in the presence of FGABAs 1-3 and pregabalin, and the effects of FGABAs 1 &3 were more significant than those of FGABAs 2 and pregabalin. FGABAs 1-3/pregabalin-induced decrease in exocytotic release of [3H]GABA from synaptosomes was not a result of changes in the potential of the plasma membrane. Therefore, new synthesized FGABAs 1 &3 were able to decrease exocytotic release of [3H]GABA from nerve terminals more effectively in comparison to pregabalin. Absence of unspecific side effects of FGABAs 1 &3 on the membrane potential makes these compounds perspective for medical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Borisova
- The Department of Neurochemistry, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, NAS of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha Street, Kiev 01601, Ukraine.
| | - N Pozdnyakova
- The Department of Neurochemistry, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, NAS of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha Street, Kiev 01601, Ukraine.
| | - E Shaitanova
- The Department of Fine Organic Synthesis, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry NAS of Ukraine, Murmanskaya Street. 1, Kiev 02094, Ukraine.
| | - I Gerus
- The Department of Fine Organic Synthesis, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry NAS of Ukraine, Murmanskaya Street. 1, Kiev 02094, Ukraine.
| | - M Dudarenko
- The Department of Neurochemistry, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, NAS of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha Street, Kiev 01601, Ukraine.
| | - G Haufe
- Organic Chemistry Institute, Corrensstr. 40, D-48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - V Kukhar
- The Department of Fine Organic Synthesis, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry NAS of Ukraine, Murmanskaya Street. 1, Kiev 02094, Ukraine.
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Miao Y, Tepper PG, Geertsema EM, Poelarends GJ. Stereochemical Control of Enzymatic Carbon-Carbon Bond-Forming Michael-Type Additions by "Substrate Engineering". European J Org Chem 2016; 2016:5350-5354. [PMID: 27917069 PMCID: PMC5113669 DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201601126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The enzyme 4-oxalocrotonate tautomerase (4-OT) promiscuously catalyzes the Michael-type addition of acetaldehyde to β-nitrostyrene derivatives to yield chiral γ-nitroaldehydes, which are important precursors for pharmaceutically active γ-aminobutyric acids. In this study, we investigated the effect of different substituents at the aromatic ring of the Michael acceptor on the catalytic efficiency and stereoselectivity of the 4-OT-catalyzed acetaldehyde addition reactions. Highly enantioenriched (R)- and (S)-γ-nitroaldehydes and 4-substituted chroman-2-ol could be obtained in good to excellent yields by applying different substituents at appropriate positions of the aromatic substrate. Stereochemical control of these enzymatic Michael-type additions by "substrate engineering" allowed the enantioselective synthesis of valuable γ-aminobutyric acid precursors. In addition, the results suggest a novel enzymatic synthesis route towards precursors for chromans and derivatives, which are valuable scaffolds for preparing biologically active natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Miao
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical BiologyGroningen Research Institute of PharmacyUniversity of GroningenAntonius Deusinglaan 19713 AVGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Pieter G. Tepper
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical BiologyGroningen Research Institute of PharmacyUniversity of GroningenAntonius Deusinglaan 19713 AVGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Edzard M. Geertsema
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical BiologyGroningen Research Institute of PharmacyUniversity of GroningenAntonius Deusinglaan 19713 AVGroningenThe Netherlands
| | - Gerrit J. Poelarends
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical BiologyGroningen Research Institute of PharmacyUniversity of GroningenAntonius Deusinglaan 19713 AVGroningenThe Netherlands
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38
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Fijałkowski Ł, Sałat K, Podkowa A, Zaręba P, Nowaczyk A. Potential role of selected antiepileptics used in neuropathic pain as human GABA transporter isoform 1 (GAT1) inhibitors-Molecular docking and pharmacodynamic studies. Eur J Pharm Sci 2016; 96:362-372. [PMID: 27721044 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2016.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Revised: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The chemical interaction of nine antiepileptic drugs (tiagabine, gabapentin, pregabalin, lamotrigine, zonisamide, valproic acid, valpromide, vigabatrin, progabide) and two endogenous metabolites (4-aminobutanoic acid, 4-hydroxybutanoic acid) with a model of human GABA transporter 1 (hGAT1) is described using the molecular docking method. To establish the role of hGAT1 in chronic pain, tiagabine, a selective hGAT1 inhibitor, was assessed in the in vivo experiments for its antiallodynic properties in two mouse models of neuropathic pain. Docking analyses performed in this study provided the complex binding energies, specific hydrogen bond components, and hydrogen bond properties such as energies, distances and angles. The data of the docking studies strongly support the assumption that the antiepileptic and analgesic actions of the studied drugs can be at least in part related to the strength of their chemical interactions with hGAT1. In vivo experiments with tiagabine confirmed the involvement of hGAT1 in the regulation of the mechanical nociceptive threshold in neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Fijałkowski
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 2 dr. A. Jurasza St., 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Kinga Sałat
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna St., 30-688 Cracow, Poland
| | - Adrian Podkowa
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna St., 30-688 Cracow, Poland
| | - Paula Zaręba
- Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna St., 30-688 Cracow, Poland
| | - Alicja Nowaczyk
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 2 dr. A. Jurasza St., 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
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39
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Brouwer BA, de Greef BTA, Hoeijmakers JGJ, Geerts M, van Kleef M, Merkies ISJ, Faber CG. Neuropathic Pain due to Small Fiber Neuropathy in Aging: Current Management and Future Prospects. Drugs Aging 2016; 32:611-21. [PMID: 26239827 PMCID: PMC4548010 DOI: 10.1007/s40266-015-0283-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Over the last 10 years, the diagnosis small fiber neuropathy (SFN) has gained recognition worldwide. Patients often suffer from severe neuropathic pain that may be difficult to treat. A substantial subset of patients with SFN is aged 65 years or older, and these patients often exhibit comorbidities and usage of multiple drugs, making neuropathic pain treatment more challenging. In this review, we highlight relevant pathophysiological aspects and discuss currently used therapeutic strategies for neuropathic pain. Possible pitfalls in neuropathic pain treatment in the elderly will be underlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigitte A Brouwer
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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40
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Jeong KH, Woo HS, Kim CJ, Lee KH, Jeon JY, Lee SY, Kang JH, Lee S, Choi YW. Formulation of a modified-release pregabalin tablet using hot-melt coating with glyceryl behenate. Int J Pharm 2015; 495:1-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.08.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2015] [Revised: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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41
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Bindu M, Kumar AA, Kesavan M, Suresh V. Effect of preoperative pregabalin on postoperative pain relief in thyroidectomy patients: A prospective observational study. Anesth Essays Res 2015; 9:161-6. [PMID: 26417121 PMCID: PMC4563951 DOI: 10.4103/0259-1162.156292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Effective management of postoperative pain leads to increased patient satisfaction, earlier mobilization, reduced hospital stay and costs. One of the methods used for management of postoperative pain is preemptive analgesia-blockade of afferent nerve fibers before a painful stimulus. It modifies peripheral and central nervous system processing of noxious stimuli and reduces postoperative opioid consumption. In this study, we sought to determine whether the preoperative use of pregabalin reduced postoperative pain and morphine consumption in thyroidectomy. Materials and Methods: The observation was conducted on patients undergoing thyroidectomy surgery in two groups of 30 each. Of the two groups, one received a single oral dose of pregabalin 1 h preoperatively. Both the group of patients undergoes anesthesia in a similar manner. Following surgery the efficacy of the preoperative dose of pregabalin is observed by measuring the total opioid consumption 6 h postoperatively and assessing verbal numeric pain scales. Results: The mean time to request of rescue analgesia in pregabalin group was 322.07 ± 69.106 min when compared to morphine group 256.33 ± 111.978 min (P < 0.05). The mean pain scores in the postoperative period were also significantly lower in patients receiving pregabalin. Conclusion: Single oral dose of pregabalin was effective in reducing acute postoperative pain in thyroidectomy patients. It prolongs the time to the request of rescue analgesia and also results in lower postoperative pain scores in the immediate postoperative period. However a statistically significant low opioid consumption could not be proved.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bindu
- Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care, Medical College, Thrissur, Kerala, India
| | - A Arun Kumar
- Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care, Medical College, Thrissur, Kerala, India
| | - M Kesavan
- Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care, Medical College, Thrissur, Kerala, India
| | - Varun Suresh
- Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care, Medical College, Thrissur, Kerala, India
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Maslivetc VA, Rubina M, Rubin M. One-pot synthesis of GABA amides via the nucleophilic addition of amines to 3,3-disubstituted cyclopropenes. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:8993-5. [PMID: 26243009 DOI: 10.1039/c5ob01462j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
A one-pot synthesis of various GABA amides has been demostrated, employing the nucleophilic addition of primary and secondary amines across the double bond of cyclopropene-3-carboxamides, followed by ring-opening of the resulting donor-acceptor cyclopropanes and subsequent in situ reduction of enamine (imine) intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir A Maslivetc
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, 1251 Wescoe Hall Dr., Lawrence, KS 66045-7582, USA.
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43
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Borisova T, Pozdnyakova N, Shaitanova E, Gerus I, Dudarenko M, Mironets R, Haufe G, Kukhar V. Synthesis of new fluorinated analogs of GABA, Pregabalin bioisosteres, and their effects on [(3)H]GABA uptake by rat brain nerve terminals. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:4316-4323. [PMID: 26138193 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Revised: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Fluorinated analogs of natural substances take an essential place in the design of new biologically active compounds. New fluorinated analogs of γ-aminobutyric acid, that is, β-polyfluoroalkyl-GABAs (FGABAs), were synthesized with substituents: β-CF3-β-OH (1), β-CF3 (2); β-CF2CF2H (3). FGABAs are bioisosteres of Pregabalin (Lyrica®, Pfizer's blockbuster drug, β-i-Bu-GABA), and have lipophilicity close to this medicine. The effects of synthesized FGABAs on [(3)H]GABA uptake by isolated rat brain nerve terminals (synaptosomes) were assessed and compared with those of Pregabalin. FGABAs 1-3 (100μM) did not influence the initial velocity of [(3)H]GABA uptake when applied acutely, whereas an increase in this parameter was found after preliminary incubation of FGABAs with synaptosomes. Pregabalin after preliminary incubation with synaptosomes caused unidirectional changes in the initial velocity of [(3)H]GABA uptake. Using specific inhibitors of GAT1 and GAT3, NO-711 and SNAP5114, respectively, the ability of FGABAs 1-3 to influence non-GAT1 and non-GAT3 uptake activity of nerve terminals was analyzed, but no specificity was found. Therefore, new synthesized FGABAs are structural but not functional analogs of GABA (because they did not inhibit synaptosomal [(3)H]GABA uptake). Moreover, FGABAs are able to increase the initial velocity of [(3)H]GABA uptake by synaptosomes, and this effect is higher than that of Pregabalin.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Borisova
- The Department of Neurochemistry, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, NAS of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha Street, Kiev 01601, Ukraine.
| | - N Pozdnyakova
- The Department of Neurochemistry, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, NAS of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha Street, Kiev 01601, Ukraine
| | - E Shaitanova
- The Department of Fine Organic Synthesis, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry, NAS of Ukraine, Murmanskaya Str. 1, Kiev 02094, Ukraine
| | - I Gerus
- The Department of Fine Organic Synthesis, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry, NAS of Ukraine, Murmanskaya Str. 1, Kiev 02094, Ukraine
| | - M Dudarenko
- The Department of Neurochemistry, Palladin Institute of Biochemistry, NAS of Ukraine, 9 Leontovicha Street, Kiev 01601, Ukraine
| | - R Mironets
- The Department of Fine Organic Synthesis, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry, NAS of Ukraine, Murmanskaya Str. 1, Kiev 02094, Ukraine
| | - G Haufe
- Organic Chemistry Institute, Corrensstr. 40, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - V Kukhar
- The Department of Fine Organic Synthesis, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry, NAS of Ukraine, Murmanskaya Str. 1, Kiev 02094, Ukraine
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44
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Perioperative Pregabalin for Attenuation of Postoperative Pain After Eyelid Surgery. Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg 2015; 31:132-5. [DOI: 10.1097/iop.0000000000000219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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45
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The effectiveness of pregabalin for post-tonsillectomy pain control: a randomized controlled trial. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0117161. [PMID: 25706948 PMCID: PMC4338031 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0117161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although various analgesics have been used, postoperative pain remains one of the most troublesome aspects of tonsillectomy for patients. OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of premedication using pregabalin compared with placebo (diazepam) on postoperative pain control in patients undergoing tonsillectomy. METHODS Forty-eight adult patients were randomly divided into a control group and a pregabalin group. Preoperatively, patients in the control group received 4 mg diazepam orally as placebo, whereas those in the pregabalin group received 300 mg pregabalin orally. All participants were provided with patient-controlled analgesia using fentanyl for 24 hours after surgery. Postoperative pain treatment included acetaminophen 650 mg three times daily for 8 postoperative days. The primary outcome measure was the total amount of patient-controlled fentanyl consumption after tonsillectomy. Secondary outcome measures were the number of injections of ketorolac tromethamine (each 30 mg) requested by patients, pain scores, overall satisfaction scores, drowsiness, nausea, dizziness, headache, and vomiting after the surgery. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS The total amount of fentanyl demanded decreased significantly in the pregabalin group (P < 0.001). There were no significant differences in the number of ketorolac tromethamine injections, pain scores, overall satisfaction scores, drowsiness, nausea, dizziness, headache, and vomiting between the two groups. CONCLUSION Administration of 300 mg pregabalin prior to tonsillectomy decreases fentanyl consumption compared with that after 4 mg diazepam, without an increased incidence of adverse effects. TRIAL REGISTRATION KCT0001215.
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46
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Zhou C, Luo ZD. Nerve injury-induced calcium channel alpha-2-delta-1 protein dysregulation leads to increased pre-synaptic excitatory input into deep dorsal horn neurons and neuropathic allodynia. Eur J Pain 2015; 19:1267-76. [PMID: 25691360 DOI: 10.1002/ejp.656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Up-regulation of voltage-gated calcium channel α2 δ1 subunit post spinal nerve ligation (SNL) injury or in α2 δ1 -overexpressing transgenic (Tg) mice correlates with tactile allodynia, a pain state mediated mainly by Aβ sensory fibres forming synaptic connections with deep dorsal horn (DDH) neurons. It is not clear, however, whether dysregulated α2 δ1 alters DDH synaptic neurotransmission that underlies tactile allodynia development post nerve injury. METHODS Tactile allodynia was tested in the SNL and α2 δ1 Tg models. Miniature excitatory/inhibitory post-synaptic currents were recorded in DDH neurons from these animal models using whole-cell patch clamp slice recording techniques. RESULTS There was a significant increase in the frequency, but not amplitude, of miniature excitatory post-synaptic currents (mEPSC) in DDH neurons that correlated with tactile allodynia in SNL and α2 δ1 Tg mice. Gabapentin, an α2 δ1 ligand that is known to block tactile allodynia in these models, also normalized mEPSC frequency dose-dependently in DDH neurons from SNL and α2 δ1 Tg mice. In contrast, neither frequency nor amplitude of miniature inhibitory post-synaptic currents was altered in DDH neurons from SNL and α2 δ1 Tg mice. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that α2 δ1 dysregulation is highly likely contributing to tactile allodynia through a pre-synaptic mechanism involving facilitation of excitatory synaptic neurotransmission in DDH of spinal cord.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, USA
| | - Z D Luo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Care, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, USA
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Nagatomo M, Nishiyama H, Fujino H, Inoue M. Decarbonylative Radical Coupling of α-Aminoacyl Tellurides: Single-Step Preparation of γ-Amino and α,β-Diamino Acids and Rapid Synthesis of Gabapentin and Manzacidin A. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 54:1537-41. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201410186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Nagatomo M, Nishiyama H, Fujino H, Inoue M. Decarbonylative Radical Coupling of α-Aminoacyl Tellurides: Single-Step Preparation of γ-Amino and α,β-Diamino Acids and Rapid Synthesis of Gabapentin and Manzacidin A. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201410186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Clinical Study Evaluating Pregabalin Efficacy and Tolerability for Pain Management in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy. Clin J Pain 2014; 30:944-52. [DOI: 10.1097/ajp.0000000000000060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Abstract
The amino acid gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain. Four placebo-controlled studies found the GABA analog drug gabapentin effective for treating alcohol dependence. Gabapentin may also be effective for treating alcohol withdrawal syndromes. One placebo-controlled pilot study found gabapentin beneficial for cannabis dependence, but several controlled studies found no benefit for cocaine or methamphetamine dependence. Whether gabapentin is effective for other substance use disorders is unknown.
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