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Wolffia arrhiza as a promising producer of recombinant hirudin. 3 Biotech 2021; 11:209. [PMID: 33927997 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-021-02762-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The production of recombinant proteins in transgenic plants is becoming an increasingly serious alternative to classical biopharming methods as knowledge about this process grows. Wolffia arrhiza, an aquatic plant unique in its anatomy, is a promising expression system that can grow in submerged culture in bioreactors. In our study 8550 explants were subjected to Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, and 41 independent hygromycin-resistant Wolffia lines were obtained, with the transformation efficiency of 0.48%. 40 of them contained the hirudin-1 gene (codon-optimized for expression in plants) and were independent lines of nuclear-transformed Wolffia, the transgenic insertion has been confirmed by PCR and Southern blot analysis. We have analyzed the accumulation of the target protein and its expression has been proven in three transgenic lines. The maximum accumulation of recombinant hirudin was 0.02% of the total soluble protein, which corresponds to 775.5 ± 111.9 ng g-1 of fresh weight of the plant. The results will be used in research on the development of an expression system based on Wolffia plants for the production of hirudin and other recombinant pharmaceutical proteins.
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Rosales-Mendoza S, Sández-Robledo C, Bañuelos-Hernández B, Angulo C. Corn-based vaccines: current status and prospects. PLANTA 2017; 245:875-888. [PMID: 28349257 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-017-2680-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Corn is an attractive host for vaccine production and oral delivery. The present review provides the current outlook and perspectives for this field. Among seed-crops, corn represents a key source of biomass for food, fuel production, and other applications. Since the beginning of the development of plant-based vaccines, corn was explored for the production and delivery of vaccines. About a dozen of pathogens have been studied under this technology with distinct degrees of development. A vaccine prototype against enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli was evaluated in a phase I clinical trial and several candidates targeting bacterial and viral diseases are under preclinical evaluation. The present review provides an updated outlook on this topic highlighting the employed expression strategies; perspectives for the field are also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Rosales-Mendoza
- Laboratorio de Biofarmacéuticos Recombinantes, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava 6, San Luis Potosí, SLP, 78210, Mexico.
| | - Cristhian Sández-Robledo
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, SC, Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita Sur, La Paz, BCS, 23096, Mexico
| | - Bernardo Bañuelos-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Biofarmacéuticos Recombinantes, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava 6, San Luis Potosí, SLP, 78210, Mexico
| | - Carlos Angulo
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste, SC, Instituto Politécnico Nacional 195, Playa Palo de Santa Rita Sur, La Paz, BCS, 23096, Mexico
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3
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Antimicrobial peptide production and plant-based expression systems for medical and agricultural biotechnology. Biotechnol Adv 2015; 33:1005-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2015.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2014] [Revised: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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4
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Hernández M, Rosas G, Cervantes J, Fragoso G, Rosales-Mendoza S, Sciutto E. Transgenic plants: a 5-year update on oral antipathogen vaccine development. Expert Rev Vaccines 2014; 13:1523-36. [PMID: 25158836 DOI: 10.1586/14760584.2014.953064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The progressive interest in transgenic plants as advantageous platforms for the production and oral delivery of vaccines has led to extensive research and improvements in this technology over recent years. In this paper, the authors examine the most significant advances in this area, including novel approaches for higher yields and better containment, and the continued evaluation of new vaccine prototypes against several infectious diseases. The use of plants to deliver vaccine candidates against viruses, bacteria, and eukaryotic parasites within the last 5 years is discussed, focusing on innovative expression strategies and the immunogenic potential of new vaccines. A brief section on the state of the art in mucosal immunity is also included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisela Hernández
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510 México, DF, México
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5
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Huet Y, Ekouna JPE, Caron A, Mezreb K, Boitel-Conti M, Guerineau F. Production and secretion of a heterologous protein by turnip hairy roots with superiority over tobacco hairy roots. Biotechnol Lett 2014; 36:181-90. [PMID: 24078130 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-013-1335-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2013] [Accepted: 08/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A fully contained and efficient heterologous protein production system was designed using Brassica rapa rapa (turnip) hairy roots. Two expression cassettes containing a cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35S promoter with a duplicated enhancer region, an Arabidopsis thaliana sequence encoding a signal peptide and the CaMV polyadenylation signal were constructed. One cassette was used to express the green fluorescent protein (GFP)-encoding gene in hairy roots grown in flasks. A stable and fast-growing hairy root line secreted GFP at >120 mg/l culture medium. GFP represented 60 % of the total soluble proteins in the culture medium. Turnip hairy roots retained sustainable growth and stable GFP production over 3 years. These results were superior to those obtained using tobacco hairy roots.
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Abstract
Hydrophobic storage neutral lipids are stably preserved in specialized organelles termed oil bodies in the aqueous cytosolic compartment of plant cells via encapsulation with surfactant molecules including phospholipids and integral proteins. To date, three classes of integral proteins, termed oleosin, caleosin, and steroleosin, have been identified in oil bodies of angiosperm seeds. Proposed structures, targeting traffic routes, and biological functions of these three integral oil-body proteins were summarized and discussed. In the viewpoint of evolution, isoforms of oleosin and caleosin are found in oil bodies of pollens as well as those of more primitive species; moreover, caleosin- and steroleosin-like proteins are also present in other subcellular locations besides oil bodies. Technically, artificial oil bodies of structural stability similar to native ones were successfully constituted and seemed to serve as a useful tool for both basic research studies and biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason T. C. Tzen
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
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7
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Khan I, Twyman RM, Arcalis E, Stoger E. Using storage organelles for the accumulation and encapsulation of recombinant proteins. Biotechnol J 2012; 7:1099-108. [DOI: 10.1002/biot.201100089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2011] [Revised: 01/18/2012] [Accepted: 02/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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8
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Miao Y, Ding Y, Sun QY, Xu ZF, Jiang L. Plant bioreactors for pharmaceuticals. Biotechnol Genet Eng Rev 2011; 25:363-80. [PMID: 21412362 DOI: 10.5661/bger-25-363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Plant bioreactors are attractive expression systems for economic production of pharmaceuticals. Various plant expression systems or platforms have been tested with certain degrees of success over the past years. However, further development and improvement are needed for more effective plant bioreactors. In this review we first summarize recent progress in various plant bioreactor expression systems and then focus on discussing protein compartmentation to unique organelles and various strategies for developing better plant bioreactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yansong Miao
- Department of Biology and Molecular Biotechnology Program, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
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9
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Boothe J, Nykiforuk C, Shen Y, Zaplachinski S, Szarka S, Kuhlman P, Murray E, Morck D, Moloney MM. Seed-based expression systems for plant molecular farming. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2010; 8:588-606. [PMID: 20500681 DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-7652.2010.00511.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The evolution of the seed system provides enormous adaptability to the gymnosperms and angiosperms, because of the properties of dormancy, nutrient storage and seedling vigour. Many of the unique properties of seeds can be exploited in molecular farming applications, particularly where it is desirable to produce large quantities of a recombinant protein. Seeds of transgenic plants have been widely used to generate a raw material for the extraction and isolation of proteins and polypeptides, which can be processed into valuable biopharmaceuticals. The factors that control high-level accumulation of recombinant proteins in seed are reviewed in the following paragraphs. These include promoters and enhancers, which regulate transcript abundance. However, it is shown that subcellular trafficking and targeting of the desired polypeptides or proteins play a crucial role in their accumulation at economically useful levels. Seeds have proven to be versatile hosts for recombinant proteins of all types, including peptides or short and long polypeptides as well as complex, noncontiguous proteins like antibodies and other immunoglobulins. The extraction and recovery of recombinant proteins from seeds is greatly assisted by their dormancy properties, because this allows for long-term stability of stored products including recombinant proteins and a decoupling of processing from the growth and harvest cycles. Furthermore, the low water content and relatively low bioload of seeds help greatly in designing cost-effective manufacturing processes for the desired active pharmaceutical ingredient. The development of cGMP processes based on seed-derived materials has only been attempted by a few groups to date, but we provide a review of the key issues and criteria based on interactions with Food and Drug Administration and European Medicines Agency. This article uses 'case studies' to highlight the utility of seeds as vehicles for pharmaceutical production including: insulin, human growth hormone, lysozyme and lactoferrin. These examples serve to illustrate the preclinical and, in one case, clinical information required to move these plant-derived molecules through the research phase and into the regulatory pathway en route to eventual approval.
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Abstract
Plants are attractive expression systems for the economic production of recombinant proteins. Among the different plant-based systems, plant seed is the leading platform and holds several advantages such as high protein yields and stable storage of target proteins. Significant advances in using seeds as bioreactors have occurred in the past decade, which include the first commercialized plant-derived recombinant protein. Here we review the current progress on seeds as bioreactors, with focus on the different food crops as production platforms and comprehensive strategies in optimizing recombinant protein production in seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- On Sun Lau
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520-8104, USA; Department of Biology, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Samuel S M Sun
- Department of Biology, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; State (China) Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), Hong Kong China.
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11
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Ko K, Brodzik R, Steplewski Z. Production of Antibodies in Plants: Approaches and Perspectives. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2009; 332:55-78. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-70868-1_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Marcos JF, Muñoz A, Pérez-Payá E, Misra S, López-García B. Identification and rational design of novel antimicrobial peptides for plant protection. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2008; 46:273-301. [PMID: 18439131 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.phyto.121307.094843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Peptides and small proteins exhibiting antimicrobial activity have been isolated from many organisms ranging from insects to humans, including plants. Their role in defense is established, and their use in agriculture was already being proposed shortly after their discovery. However, some natural peptides have undesirable properties that complicate their application. Advances in peptide synthesis and high-throughput activity screening have made possible the de novo and rational design of novel peptides with improved properties. This review summarizes findings in the identification and design of short antimicrobial peptides with activity against plant pathogens, and will discuss alternatives for their heterologous production suited to plant disease control. Recent studies suggest that peptide antimicrobial action is not due solely to microbe permeation as previously described, but that more subtle factors might account for the specificity and absence of toxicity of some peptides. The elucidation of the mode of action and interaction with microbes will assist the improvement of peptide design with a view to targeting specific problems in agriculture and providing new tools for plant protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose F Marcos
- Departamento de Ciencia de los Alimentos, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos-CSIC, 46100 Burjassot, Spain.
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14
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Bakir I, Hoylaerts MF, Kink T, Foubert L, Luyten P, Van Kerckhoven S, Leunens V, Bollen H, Reul H, Meyns B. Mechanical Stress Activates Platelets at a Subhemolysis Level: An In Vitro Study. Artif Organs 2007; 31:316-23. [PMID: 17437501 DOI: 10.1111/j.1525-1594.2007.00381.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A feasibility study is performed to quantify sheep platelets (PLTs) and to identify the relationship between PLT count and hemolysis as a consequence of mechanical stress. Six adult, healthy Dorset sheep have been used for in vitro blood sampling test procedures in a hemoresistometer device (HRM). In each experiment, blood of the same animal was exposed to six different shear rates. Free hemoglobin levels and PLT count for each shear rate were detected. In all animals (A-F), hemolysis increased significantly between the shear rates of 2325 and 3100/s (P < 0.05) and the mean PLT count dropped immediately (contact, low shear) 40% in the beginning, between the shear rates of 0 and 775/s (P < 0.05). PLT count increased slightly as soon as hemolysis started. At higher shear rates, hemolysis increased and PLTs reduced further. Precise counting of PLTs indicates that PLTs are consumed dramatically at very low shear (by contact) and further by applied mechanical stress when hemolysis is obvious. A repetition of these tests with human blood could indicate species differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ihsan Bakir
- Center for Experimental Surgery and Anesthesiology, Cardiovascular Research Unit, Catholic University of Leuven (KUL), Leuven, Belgium.
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15
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Liénard D, Sourrouille C, Gomord V, Faye L. Pharming and transgenic plants. BIOTECHNOLOGY ANNUAL REVIEW 2007; 13:115-47. [PMID: 17875476 DOI: 10.1016/s1387-2656(07)13006-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Plant represented the essence of pharmacopoeia until the beginning of the 19th century when plant-derived pharmaceuticals were partly supplanted by drugs produced by the industrial methods of chemical synthesis. In the last decades, genetic engineering has offered an alternative to chemical synthesis, using bacteria, yeasts and animal cells as factories for the production of therapeutic proteins. More recently, molecular farming has rapidly pushed towards plants among the major players in recombinant protein production systems. Indeed, therapeutic protein production is safe and extremely cost-effective in plants. Unlike microbial fermentation, plants are capable of carrying out post-translational modifications and, unlike production systems based on mammalian cell cultures, plants are devoid of human infective viruses and prions. Furthermore, a large panel of strategies and new plant expression systems are currently developed to improve the plant-made pharmaceutical's yields and quality. Recent advances in the control of post-translational maturations in transgenic plants will allow them, in the near future, to perform human-like maturations on recombinant proteins and, hence, make plant expression systems suitable alternatives to animal cell factories.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Liénard
- Université de Rouen, CNRS UMR 6037, IFRMP 23, GDR 2590, Faculté des Sciences, Bât. Ext. Biologie, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan cedex, France
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16
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Capuano F, Beaudoin F, Napier JA, Shewry PR. Properties and exploitation of oleosins. Biotechnol Adv 2006; 25:203-6. [PMID: 17196782 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2006.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2006] [Accepted: 11/20/2006] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Oleosins stabilize oil bodies in seeds and other tissues and contain a unique hydrophobic domain which appears to be inserted into the oil matrix as an alpha-helical hairpin. The oleosin proteins may be exploited to stabilize emulsions while the ease of oil body preparation has led to the expression of bioactive proteins as oleosin fusions in molecular farming.
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17
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Farid SS. Established bioprocesses for producing antibodies as a basis for future planning. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2006; 101:1-42. [PMID: 16989256 DOI: 10.1007/10_014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
Abstract
In the early years of monoclonal antibody production for human therapy and diagnosis the methods used were arrived at by individual organisations. However, there is now an accumulating body of information on antibodies and fragments that have been produced by processes approved for human use. This information is becoming available at a time when the number of potential antibody-based medicines is growing sharply. The review addresses the reported production routes, their scale and the titres achieved. It identifies the performances of fed-batch and perfusion culture versus batch culture, and compares processes for the production of antibodies for diagnosis and for antibody fragments. The analysis defines the likely routes of future production in a sector where demanding regulations constrain new technology. It also indicates what levels of performance new approaches will need to meet to be competitive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne S Farid
- Advanced Centre for Biochemical Engineering, Department of Biochemical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London, UK.
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18
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Gomord V, Sourrouille C, Fitchette AC, Bardor M, Pagny S, Lerouge P, Faye L. Production and glycosylation of plant-made pharmaceuticals: the antibodies as a challenge. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2004; 2:83-100. [PMID: 17147602 DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-7652.2004.00062.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Antibodies have long been recognized for their diagnostic and therapeutic potential. The rapidly increasing number of monoclonal antibodies approved for immunotherapy has paved the way to an even greater demand for these molecules. In order to satisfy this growing demand and to increase the production capacity, alternative systems based on antibody production in transgenic organisms are being actively explored. In this paper, we focus on transgenic plants as a promising system for the scale-up and processing of plant-made pharmaceuticals. In particular, we point out the advantages and limitations induced by glycosylation of plant-made antibodies for human therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Véronique Gomord
- CNRS UMR 6037, IFRMP 23, GDR 2590 - Université de Rouen, 76821 Mont Saint Aignan Cedex, France.
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19
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Biotechnology: Production of Proteins for Biopharmaceutical and Industrial Uses in Transgenic Plants. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-18819-0_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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20
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Jeong GT, Park ES, Wahlig VL, Burapatana V, Park DH, Tanner RD. Effect of pH on the Foam Fractionation of Mimosa pudica L. Seed Proteins. Ind Eng Chem Res 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/ie030160u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gwi-Taek Jeong
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Institute of Bioindustrial Technology, Chonnam National University, Kwangju, 500-757 Korea, Department of Chemical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235
| | - Eun-Soo Park
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Institute of Bioindustrial Technology, Chonnam National University, Kwangju, 500-757 Korea, Department of Chemical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235
| | - Virginia L. Wahlig
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Institute of Bioindustrial Technology, Chonnam National University, Kwangju, 500-757 Korea, Department of Chemical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235
| | - Vorakan Burapatana
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Institute of Bioindustrial Technology, Chonnam National University, Kwangju, 500-757 Korea, Department of Chemical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235
| | - Don-Hee Park
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Institute of Bioindustrial Technology, Chonnam National University, Kwangju, 500-757 Korea, Department of Chemical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235
| | - Robert D. Tanner
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Institute of Bioindustrial Technology, Chonnam National University, Kwangju, 500-757 Korea, Department of Chemical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235
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Crofcheck C, Loiselle M, Weekley J, Maiti I, Pattanaik S, Bummer PM, Jay M. Histidine tagged protein recovery from tobacco extract by foam fractionation. Biotechnol Prog 2003; 19:680-2. [PMID: 12675618 DOI: 10.1021/bp025738u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Tobacco plants have the potential to be used for the production of proteins for pharmaceutical applications. This work describes a novel protein recovery strategy where the protein of interest is "tagged" with a histidine sequence, which forms a complex with cobalt ions and surfactant possessing a chelating functionality, such that the protein is recovered in the foamate of a foam fractionation step. His-gus, a histidine-tagged enzyme, was chosen as a model protein to study the feasibility of this strategy. The His-gus is recovered from spiked prefoamed tobacco extract by foam fractionation in the presence of surfactant and cobalt ions with an enrichment of 1.29 and a recovery of 21.5% in terms of an adjusted activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Czarena Crofcheck
- Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, College of Pharmacy, and Kentucky Tobacco Research and Development Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546, USA.
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Daniell H, Streatfield SJ, Wycoff K. Medical molecular farming: production of antibodies, biopharmaceuticals and edible vaccines in plants. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2001; 6:219-26. [PMID: 11335175 PMCID: PMC5496653 DOI: 10.1016/s1360-1385(01)01922-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 385] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The use of plants for medicinal purposes dates back thousands of years but genetic engineering of plants to produce desired biopharmaceuticals is much more recent. As the demand for biopharmaceuticals is expected to increase, it would be wise to ensure that they will be available in significantly larger amounts, on a cost-effective basis. Currently, the cost of biopharmaceuticals limits their availability. Plant-derived biopharmaceuticals are cheap to produce and store, easy to scale up for mass production, and safer than those derived from animals. Here, we discuss recent developments in this field and possible environmental concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Daniell
- Dept Molecular Biology and Microbiology and Center for Discovery of Drugs and Diagnostics, University of Central Florida, 12 722 Research Parkway, Orlando, FL 32826, USA.
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Giddings G, Allison G, Brooks D, Carter A. Transgenic plants as factories for biopharmaceuticals. Nat Biotechnol 2000; 18:1151-5. [PMID: 11062432 DOI: 10.1038/81132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 273] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Plants have considerable potential for the production of biopharmaceutical proteins and peptides because they are easily transformed and provide a cheap source of protein. Several biotechnology companies are now actively developing, field testing, and patenting plant expression systems, while clinical trials are proceeding on the first biopharmaceuticals derived from them. One transgenic plant-derived biopharmaceutical, hirudin, is now being commercially produced in Canada for the first time. Product purification is potentially an expensive process, and various methods are currently being developed to overcome this problem, including oleosin-fusion technology, which allows extraction with oil bodies. In some cases, delivery of a biopharmaceutical product by direct ingestion of the modified plant potentially removes the need for purification. Such biopharmaceuticals and edible vaccines can be stored and distributed as seeds, tubers, or fruits, making immunization programs in developing countries cheaper and potentially easier to administer. Some of the most expensive biopharmaceuticals of restricted availability, such as glucocerebrosidase, could become much cheaper and more plentiful through production in transgenic plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Giddings
- Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Wales, Aberystwyth, Cledwyn Building, Aberystwyth Ceredigion SY23 3DD, UK.
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