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Mohajer F, Khoradmehr A, Riazalhosseini B, Zendehboudi T, Nabipour I, Baghban N. In vitro detection of marine invertebrate stem cells: utilizing molecular and cellular biology techniques and exploring markers. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1440091. [PMID: 39239558 PMCID: PMC11374967 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1440091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Marine invertebrate stem cells (MISCs) represent a distinct category of pluripotent and totipotent cells with remarkable abilities for self-renewal and differentiation into multiple germ layers, akin to their vertebrate counterparts. These unique cells persist throughout an organism's adult life and have been observed in various adult marine invertebrate phyla. MISCs play crucial roles in numerous biological processes, including developmental biology phenomena specific to marine invertebrates, such as senescence, delayed senescence, whole-body regeneration, and asexual reproduction. Furthermore, they serve as valuable models for studying stem cell biology. Despite their significance, information about MISCs remains scarce and scattered in the scientific literature. In this review, we have carefully collected and summarized valuable information about MISC detection by perusing the articles that study and detect MISCs in various marine invertebrate organisms. The review begins by defining MISCs and highlighting their unique features compared to vertebrates. It then discusses the common markers for MISC detection and in vitro techniques employed in invertebrate and vertebrates investigation. This comprehensive review provides researchers and scientists with a cohesive and succinct overview of MISC characteristics, detection methods, and associated biological phenomena in marine invertebrate organisms. We aim to offer a valuable resource to researchers and scientists interested in marine invertebrate stem cells, fostering a better understanding of their broader implications in biology. With ongoing advancements in scientific techniques and the continued exploration of marine invertebrate species, we anticipate that further discoveries will expand our knowledge of MISCs and their broader implications in biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Mohajer
- Student Research and Technology Committee, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Arezoo Khoradmehr
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Behnaz Riazalhosseini
- The Pharmacogenomics Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Tuba Zendehboudi
- Student Research and Technology Committee, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Iraj Nabipour
- The Persian Gulf Marine Biotechnology Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Neda Baghban
- Food Control Laboratory, Food and Drug Deputy, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
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Yu M, Wang F, Li M, Wang Y, Gao X, Zhang H, Liu Z, Zhou Z, Zhao D, Zhang M, Wang L, Jiang H, Qiao Z. Characteristics of the Vasa Gene in Silurus asotus and Its Expression Response to Letrozole Treatment. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:756. [PMID: 38927693 PMCID: PMC11202796 DOI: 10.3390/genes15060756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The identification and expression of germ cells are important for studying sex-related mechanisms in fish. The vasa gene, encoding an ATP-dependent RNA helicase, is recognized as a molecular marker of germ cells and plays a crucial role in germ cell development. Silurus asotus, an important freshwater economic fish species in China, shows significant sex dimorphism with the female growing faster than the male. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these sex differences especially involving in the vasa gene in this fish remain poorly understood. In this work, the vasa gene sequence of S. asotus (named as Savasa) was obtained through RT-PCR and rapid amplification of cDNA end (RACE), and its expression in embryos and tissues was analyzed using qRT-PCR and an in situ hybridization method. Letrozole (LT) treatment on the larvae fish was also conducted to investigate its influence on the gene. The results revealed that the open reading frame (ORF) of Savasa was 1989 bp, encoding 662 amino acids. The SaVasa protein contains 10 conserved domains unique to the DEAD-box protein family, showing the highest sequence identity of 95.92% with that of Silurus meridionalis. In embryos, Savasa is highly expressed from the two-cell stage to the blastula stage in early embryos, with a gradually decreasing trend from the gastrula stage to the heart-beating stage. Furthermore, Savasa was initially detected at the end of the cleavage furrow during the two-cell stage, later condensing into four symmetrical cell clusters with embryonic development. At the gastrula stage, Savasa-positive cells increased and began to migrate towards the dorsal side of the embryo. In tissues, Savasa is predominantly expressed in the ovaries, with almost no or lower expression in other detected tissues. Moreover, Savasa was expressed in phase I-V oocytes in the ovaries, as well as in spermatogonia and spermatocytes in the testis, implying a specific expression pattern of germ cells. In addition, LT significantly upregulated the expression of Savasa in a concentration-dependent manner during the key gonadal differentiation period of the fish. Notably, at 120 dph after LT treatment, Savasa expression was the lowest in the testis and ovary of the high concentration group. Collectively, findings from gene structure, protein sequence, phylogenetic analysis, RNA expression patterns, and response to LT suggest that Savasa is maternally inherited with conserved features, serving as a potential marker gene for germ cells in S.asotus, and might participate in LT-induced early embryonic development and gonadal development processes of the fish. This would provide a basis for further research on the application of germ cell markers and the molecular mechanisms of sex differences in S. asotus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Yu
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, Observation and Research Station on Water Ecosystem in Danjiangkou Reservoir of Henan Province, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China; (F.W.); (M.L.); (Y.W.); (X.G.); (H.Z.); (Z.L.); (Z.Z.); (M.Z.); (L.W.); (H.J.); (Z.Q.)
| | - Fangyuan Wang
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, Observation and Research Station on Water Ecosystem in Danjiangkou Reservoir of Henan Province, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China; (F.W.); (M.L.); (Y.W.); (X.G.); (H.Z.); (Z.L.); (Z.Z.); (M.Z.); (L.W.); (H.J.); (Z.Q.)
| | - Muzi Li
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, Observation and Research Station on Water Ecosystem in Danjiangkou Reservoir of Henan Province, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China; (F.W.); (M.L.); (Y.W.); (X.G.); (H.Z.); (Z.L.); (Z.Z.); (M.Z.); (L.W.); (H.J.); (Z.Q.)
| | - Yuan Wang
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, Observation and Research Station on Water Ecosystem in Danjiangkou Reservoir of Henan Province, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China; (F.W.); (M.L.); (Y.W.); (X.G.); (H.Z.); (Z.L.); (Z.Z.); (M.Z.); (L.W.); (H.J.); (Z.Q.)
| | - Xiangzhe Gao
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, Observation and Research Station on Water Ecosystem in Danjiangkou Reservoir of Henan Province, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China; (F.W.); (M.L.); (Y.W.); (X.G.); (H.Z.); (Z.L.); (Z.Z.); (M.Z.); (L.W.); (H.J.); (Z.Q.)
| | - Hanhan Zhang
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, Observation and Research Station on Water Ecosystem in Danjiangkou Reservoir of Henan Province, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China; (F.W.); (M.L.); (Y.W.); (X.G.); (H.Z.); (Z.L.); (Z.Z.); (M.Z.); (L.W.); (H.J.); (Z.Q.)
| | - Zhenzhu Liu
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, Observation and Research Station on Water Ecosystem in Danjiangkou Reservoir of Henan Province, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China; (F.W.); (M.L.); (Y.W.); (X.G.); (H.Z.); (Z.L.); (Z.Z.); (M.Z.); (L.W.); (H.J.); (Z.Q.)
| | - Zhicheng Zhou
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, Observation and Research Station on Water Ecosystem in Danjiangkou Reservoir of Henan Province, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China; (F.W.); (M.L.); (Y.W.); (X.G.); (H.Z.); (Z.L.); (Z.Z.); (M.Z.); (L.W.); (H.J.); (Z.Q.)
| | - Daoquan Zhao
- Yiluo River Aquatic Biology Field Scientific Observation and Research Station in the Yellow River Basin of Henan Province, Lushi, Sanmenxia City 472200, China;
| | - Meng Zhang
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, Observation and Research Station on Water Ecosystem in Danjiangkou Reservoir of Henan Province, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China; (F.W.); (M.L.); (Y.W.); (X.G.); (H.Z.); (Z.L.); (Z.Z.); (M.Z.); (L.W.); (H.J.); (Z.Q.)
| | - Lei Wang
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, Observation and Research Station on Water Ecosystem in Danjiangkou Reservoir of Henan Province, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China; (F.W.); (M.L.); (Y.W.); (X.G.); (H.Z.); (Z.L.); (Z.Z.); (M.Z.); (L.W.); (H.J.); (Z.Q.)
| | - Hongxia Jiang
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, Observation and Research Station on Water Ecosystem in Danjiangkou Reservoir of Henan Province, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China; (F.W.); (M.L.); (Y.W.); (X.G.); (H.Z.); (Z.L.); (Z.Z.); (M.Z.); (L.W.); (H.J.); (Z.Q.)
| | - Zhigang Qiao
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, Observation and Research Station on Water Ecosystem in Danjiangkou Reservoir of Henan Province, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China; (F.W.); (M.L.); (Y.W.); (X.G.); (H.Z.); (Z.L.); (Z.Z.); (M.Z.); (L.W.); (H.J.); (Z.Q.)
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Li C, Li Y, Qin C, Yu C, Hu J, Guo C, Wang Y. Determination of the timing of early gonadal differentiation in silver pomfret, Pampus argenteus. Anim Reprod Sci 2024; 261:107373. [PMID: 38211439 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2023.107373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Silver pomfret is a species of global significance due to its high nutritional in fisheries sector. To accurately ascertain the timing of sex differentiation mechanism and mRNA level in this species, this study examined gonad morphology and patterns of gene expression related to sex differentiation in males and females from 51 to 180 days post hatch (dph), the temperature of water was maintained at 26 ± 1 ℃. Distinct morphological differentiation of the silver pomfret ovaries, marked by the emergence of primary oocytes, became apparent from 68 dph. By 108 dph, the testes began to differentiate, as evidenced by the appearance of the efferent duct. Early oocytes exhibited a diameter ranged from 0.077 mm to 0.682 mm, with an average diameter of 0.343 ± 0.051 mm. The proportions of various types of germ cells within the testes were subjected to analysis. The localization of Vasa during the early stages of sexual differentiation was a subject to analysis as well. Vasa was predominantly localized within the cytoplasm of gonocyte, peri-nucleolus stage oocytes, primary oocytes and type A spermatogonocytes, indicating that Vasa is involved in the early gonadal differentiation of silver pomfret. The study investigated the expression patterns of dmrt1, gsdf, amh, foxl2, cyp19a1a, cyp11a, sox3 and vasa, all of which are involved in the sex differentiation of teleosts. Among these genes, amh, gsdf, sox3, foxl2, vasa were indentified as crucial contributors to the early gonadal development of silver pomfret. Significant sex-related differences were observed in the expression patterns of amh, dmrt1, gsdf, cyp11a, sox3, cyp19a1a, vasa. This study provides novel insights into the timing of physiological changes associated with the sexual differentiation of silver pomfret. Collectively, the present data indicates that the differentiation of ovaries and testes take place approximately at 68 dph in females and 108 dph in males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Li
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Ministry of Education, Ningbo, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; College of marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yaya Li
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Ministry of Education, Ningbo, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; College of marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Chunlai Qin
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Ministry of Education, Ningbo, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; College of marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Changhang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Ministry of Education, Ningbo, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; College of marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jiabao Hu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Ministry of Education, Ningbo, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; College of marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Chunyang Guo
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Ministry of Education, Ningbo, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; College of marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.
| | - Yajun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Ministry of Education, Ningbo, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Zhejiang Province, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China; College of marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.
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Yang Y, Lu L, Chen R, Yu L, Hu W, Xu D. Production of sterile mono-sex triploid yellow drum (Nibea albiflora): genotypic females and sex-reversed phenotypic males with emphasis on utilization as surrogate broodstock. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2023; 49:1277-1294. [PMID: 37878190 PMCID: PMC10757696 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-023-01256-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Production of sterile mono-sex fish is of great significance for sustainable aquaculture as well as germ cell transplantation. In this study, we aimed to produce mono-sex triploid yellow drum, including genotypic females (XXX female) and sex-reversed phenotypic males (XXX male). Firstly, the mono-female triploids were produced through cold-shock treatment on eggs fertilized with sperm from neo-males. Then, the mono-male triploids were produced by the sex reversal of mono-female triploids with oral administration of letrozole (LZ). We comparatively investigated the growth and gonadal development in the mono-sex triploids. The results showed that the triploids displayed similar growth performance to their diploids throughout their first year, but had impaired gonadosomatic index and gametogenesis. No mature gametes were produced in the triploids during their first spawning season. Meanwhile, we analyzed the process of gametogenesis in the both sex of triploids. Ultrastructure of gametogenesis showed that the germ cells arrested at abnormal metaphase 1 in females, while males had irregular meiotic divisions, variable-sized spermatid and degenerated cells. The expression levels of meiosis-related genes (i.e., sycp3 and rec8) confirmed the abnormal meiosis in the triploids. Furthermore, the gonadal development was also determined by the expression patterns of vasa, dmrt1 and cyp19a1a. Abnormal expression of vasa mRNA and protein were detected in triploids. High cyp19a1a expression levels suggested the sex steroid hormones production might be at least partially functional in triploid females. In addition, high dmrt1 expression levels confirmed the masculinization and testicular development of sex-reversed triploid males by LZ. Our findings provide an efficient protocol to produce sterile mono-sex triploid yellow drum and provide new insights into the mechanism of gonadal sterility of triploid fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture and Enhancement of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Zhoushan, 316021, People's Republic of China
- School of Fisheries, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Lei Lu
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture and Enhancement of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Zhoushan, 316021, People's Republic of China
- School of Fisheries, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Ruiyi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture and Enhancement of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Zhoushan, 316021, People's Republic of China
- School of Fisheries, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Liechao Yu
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture and Enhancement of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Zhoushan, 316021, People's Republic of China
- School of Marine Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Weihua Hu
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture and Enhancement of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Zhoushan, 316021, People's Republic of China
- School of Fisheries, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Dongdong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture and Enhancement of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Zhoushan, 316021, People's Republic of China.
- School of Fisheries, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China.
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Gu K, Zhang Y, Zhong Y, Kan Y, Jawad M, Gui L, Ren M, Xu G, Liu D, Li M. Establishment of a Coilia nasus Spermatogonial Stem Cell Line Capable of Spermatogenesis In Vitro. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1175. [PMID: 37759575 PMCID: PMC10526059 DOI: 10.3390/biology12091175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
The process by which spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) continuously go through mitosis, meiosis, and differentiation to produce gametes that transmit genetic information is known as spermatogenesis. Recapitulation of spermatogenesis in vitro is hindered by the challenge of collecting spermatogonial stem cells under long-term in vitro culture conditions. Coilia nasus is a commercially valuable anadromous migrant fish found in the Yangtze River in China. In the past few decades, exploitation and a deteriorating ecological environment have nearly caused the extinction of C. nasus's natural resources. In the present study, we established a stable spermatogonial stem cell line (CnSSC) from the gonadal tissue of the endangered species C. nasus. The cell line continued to proliferate and maintain stable cell morphology, a normal diploid karyotype, and gene expression patterns after more than one year of cell culture (>80 passages). Additionally, CnSSC cells could successfully differentiate into sperm cells through a coculture system. Therefore, the establishment of endangered species spermatogonial stem cell lines is a model for studying spermatogenesis in vitro and a feasible way to preserve germplasm resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyan Gu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; (K.G.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.K.); (M.J.); (L.G.)
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Ya Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; (K.G.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.K.); (M.J.); (L.G.)
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Ying Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; (K.G.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.K.); (M.J.); (L.G.)
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- Key Laboratory of Microecological Resources and Utilization in Breeding Industry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 511400, China
| | - Yuting Kan
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; (K.G.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.K.); (M.J.); (L.G.)
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Muhammad Jawad
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; (K.G.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.K.); (M.J.); (L.G.)
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Lang Gui
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; (K.G.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.K.); (M.J.); (L.G.)
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Mingchun Ren
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China; (M.R.); (G.X.)
| | - Gangchun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China; (M.R.); (G.X.)
| | - Dong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; (K.G.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.K.); (M.J.); (L.G.)
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Mingyou Li
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; (K.G.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (Y.K.); (M.J.); (L.G.)
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
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Yu Y, Yang Y, Ye H, Lu L, Li H, Xu Z, Li W, Yin X, Xu D. Identification of germ cells in large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) and yellow drum (Nibea albiflora) using RT-PCR and in situ hybridization analyses. Gene 2023; 863:147280. [PMID: 36804002 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
Ocean-caught large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) represents an important germplasm resource for the breeding of this species; however, these fish tend to show poor survival in captivity and would be unsuitable breeding purposes. As an alternative to the use of wild-caught croakers, germ cell transplantation has been proposed using the L. crocea specimens as donors and yellow drum (Nibea albiflora) as recipients. In this regard, the identification of L. crocea and N. albiflora germ cells is an essential prerequisite for establishing a germ cell transplantation protocol for these fish. In this study, we cloned the 3' untranslated regions (UTR) of the vasa, dnd, and nanos2 genes in N. albiflora using the rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) method and then aligned and analyzed the sequences of the corresponding genes in L. crocea and N. albiflora. On the basis of gene sequence differences, we designed species-specific primers and probes for RT-PCR analysis and in situ hybridization. RT-PCR analysis revealed that these species-specific primers exclusively amplified DNA from gonads of the respective species, thus confirming that we had six specific primer pairs that could be used to distinguish the germ cells in L. crocea and N. albiflora. Using in situ hybridization analysis, we established that whereas Lcvasa and Nadnd probes showed high species specificity, the probes for Navasa and Lcdnd showed a less specificity. In situ hybridization using Lcvasa and Nadnd thus enabled us to visualize the germ cells in these two species. Using these species-specific primers and probes, we can reliably distinguish the germ cells of L. crocea and N. albiflora, thereby establishing an effective approach for the post-transplantation identification of germ cells when using L. crocea and N. albiflora as donors and recipients, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjie Yu
- School of Fisheries, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China; Key Lab of Mariculture and Enhancement of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Zhoushan, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Key Lab of Mariculture and Enhancement of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Zhoushan, China; Ocean and Fisheries Research Institute, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Huan Ye
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Lei Lu
- School of Fisheries, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China; Key Lab of Mariculture and Enhancement of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Zhoushan, China
| | - Haidong Li
- School of Fisheries, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China; Key Lab of Mariculture and Enhancement of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Zhoushan, China; Ocean and Fisheries Research Institute, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Zhijin Xu
- Zhoushan Fisheries Research Institute, Zhoushan, China
| | - Weiye Li
- Zhoushan Fisheries Research Institute, Zhoushan, China
| | - Xiaolong Yin
- Zhoushan Fisheries Research Institute, Zhoushan, China
| | - Dongdong Xu
- Key Lab of Mariculture and Enhancement of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Zhoushan, China; Ocean and Fisheries Research Institute, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China.
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Zhong Z, Jiang Y, Zhao L, Wang Y, Zhang Z. Establishment and characterization of the ovary cell line derived from two-spot puffer Takifugu bimaculatus and its application for gene editing and marine toxicology. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2023; 264:109528. [PMID: 36470397 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2022.109528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Takifugu bimaculatus is a marine fish with high nutritional value. Its ovary contains tetrodotoxin (TTX) which is a severe neurotoxin that limits its edible value of it. To understand the mechanism of oogenesis and production of TTX in T. bimaculatus, an ovarian cell line named TBO from an adolescent ovary was established. TBO was composed of fibroblast-like cells that expressed the ovarian follicle cells marker gene Foxl2 and highly expressed TTX binding protein 2 (PSTBP2) but did not express the germ cells marker gene Vasa. Therefore, TBO seems to be mainly composed of follicle cells and possibly a small percentage of oocytes. Electroporation was used to successfully transfect the pEGFP-N1 and pNanog-N1 vectors into the TBO cell line with a high transfection efficiency. The morphological changes and survival rates of the exposed cells proved that this cell line was effective for exposure to conotoxins (CTXs), another group of toxins related to food safety. Furthermore, PSTBP2 was knocked out in TBO using CRISPR/Cas9 technology, showing that sgRNA2 could mutate PSTBP2. The results suggested that TBO will be more convenient, efficient, and rapid for reproduction and toxicology investigation, and gene editing. This study laid the groundwork for future research into the fish gonadal cell culture and food-related marine toxins. In conclusion, a cell line has been generated from T. bimaculatus, which might represent a valuable model for fish studies in the fields of toxicology and gene editing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaowei Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China.
| | - Yonghua Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China.
| | - Liping Zhao
- College of Marine Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yilei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China.
| | - Ziping Zhang
- College of Marine Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
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8
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Chu WK, Huang SC, Chang CF, Wu JL, Gong HY. Infertility control of transgenic fluorescent zebrafish with targeted mutagenesis of the dnd1 gene by CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing. Front Genet 2023; 14:1029200. [PMID: 36713075 PMCID: PMC9881232 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1029200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Transgenic technology and selective breeding have great potential for the genetic breeding in both edible fish and ornamental fish. The development of infertility control technologies in transgenic fish and farmed fish is the critical issue to prevent the gene flow with wild relatives. In this study, we report the genome editing of the dead end (dnd1) gene in the zebrafish model, using the CRISPR/Cas9 technology to achieve a loss-of-function mutation in both wild-type zebrafish and transgenic fluorescent zebrafish to develop complete infertility control technology of farmed fish and transgenic fish. We effectively performed targeted mutagenesis in the dnd1 gene of zebrafish with a single gRNA, which resulted in a small deletion (-7 bp) or insertion (+41 bp) in exon 2, leading to a null mutation. Heterozygotes and homozygotes of dnd1-knockout zebrafish were both selected by genotyping in the F 1 and F 2 generations. Based on a comparison of histological sections of the gonads between wild-type, heterozygous, and homozygous dnd1 zebrafish mutants, the dnd1 homozygous mutation (aa) resulted in the loss of germ cells. Still, there was no difference between the wild-type (AA) and dnd1 heterozygous (Aa) zebrafish. The homozygous dnd1 mutants of adult zebrafish and transgenic fluorescent zebrafish became all male, which had normal courtship behavior to induce wild-type female zebrafish spawning. However, they both had no sperm to fertilize the spawned eggs from wild-type females. Thus, all the unfertilized eggs died within 10 h. The targeted mutagenesis of the dnd1 gene using the CRISPR/Cas9 technology is stably heritable by crossing of fertile heterozygous mutants to obtain sterile homozygous mutants. It can be applied in the infertility control of transgenic fluorescent fish and genetically improved farmed fish by selective breeding to promote ecologically responsible aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wai-Kwan Chu
- Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan,Center of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chin Huang
- Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Fong Chang
- Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan,Center of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Leih Wu
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan,College of Life Sciences, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Yi Gong
- Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan,Center of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan,*Correspondence: Hong-Yi Gong,
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9
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Characterization of ddx4 and dnd Homologs in Snakeskin Gourami ( Trichopodus pectoralis) and Their Expression Levels during Larval Development and in Gonads of Males and Females. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12233415. [PMID: 36496935 PMCID: PMC9735842 DOI: 10.3390/ani12233415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to clone and characterize ddx4 and dnd1 homologs in snakeskin gourami (Trichopodus pectoralis) and to determine their expression levels during larval development and in the gonads of males and females. Both cDNAs contained predicted regions that shared consensus motifs with the ddx4 family in teleosts and the dnd family in vertebrates. Phylogenetic tree construction analysis confirmed that these two genes were clustered in the families of teleosts. Both ddx4 and dnd1 mRNAs were detectable only in the gonads, particularly in germ cells. These two genes were expressed during early larval development. The expression of ddx4 was high during early larval development and decreased with increasing developmental age, whereas dnd1 expression increased with developmental age. In adult fish, the expression levels of both genes were higher in the ovary than in the testis. Overall, these findings provide valuable molecular information on ddx4 and dnd, and can be applied in future reproductive biological studies relating to sex dimorphism in snakeskin gourami.
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10
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Zhong Z, Wang Y, Feng Y, Xu Y, Zhao L, Jiang Y, Zhang Z. The molecular regulation mechanism of dmrt1-based on the establishment of the testis cell line derived from two-spot puffer Takifugu bimaculatus. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2022; 48:1475-1494. [PMID: 36445491 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-022-01150-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The establishment of fish cell lines can provide an important in vitro model for developmental biology, pathology, and genetics and also an effective tool to investigate the interactions and related functions of genes. Two-spot puffer Takifugu bimaculatus is a high economic and nutritional value marine fish in Fujian in recent years. Nevertheless, dmrt1 plays a key role in the male differentiation from invertebrates to vertebrates. To understand the molecular regulatory mechanisms of dmrt1 in T. bimaculatus, a testis cell line called TBTc from a juvenile testis of this organism was established with modified Leibovitz's L-15 medium supplemented with 20% FBS, fish serum, embryo extract, and other growth factors. The TBTc with a stable karyotype can be passaged continuously, which was composed of fibroblast-like cells and expressed the marker genes of male-special cells, dmrt1, and amh, and the absence of vasa expression may rule out the possibility of the presence of germ cells. Therefore, TBTc appeared to consist of the mixture of the Sertoli cell and germ cell of the testis. The dmrt1 was significantly expressed in the testes and slightly expressed in the late embryonic development, illustrating that the dmrt1 may participate in the molecular regulation of gonads development and sex differentiation. With the high transfection efficiency of TBTc by electroporation, the cell lines could be used effectively in the study for the expression of exogenous and endogenous genes. Meanwhile, after the knockdown of dmrt1, the morphological changes and survival rates of cells proved that dmrt1 could affect the growth of testicular cells. Furthermore, with the loss of dmrt1, the expression of male-bias genes amh, sox9, and cyp11a was significantly decreased, and the expression of female-bias genes foxl2, sox3, and cyp19a was increased, which suggested that dmrt1 upregulates amh, sox9, and cyp11a and downregulates foxl2, sox3, and cyp19a to participate in the testis development. As a first fish gonadal cell lines of T. bimaculatus, which can be a more convenient, efficient, and rapid model for the investigation of the expression and function of genes, the results will lay a foundation for the next study of the molecular regulation mechanism in gonadal development and sex determination of fish in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaowei Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yilei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Yan Feng
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Liping Zhao
- College of Marine Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Yonghua Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, 361021, China.
| | - Ziping Zhang
- College of Marine Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
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11
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Shiguemoto GF, Coelho GCZ, López LS, Pessoa GP, Dos Santos SCA, Senhorini JA, Monzani PS, Yasui GS. Primordial germ cell identification and traceability during the initial development of the Siluriformes fish Pseudopimelodus mangurus. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2022; 48:1137-1153. [PMID: 35925505 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-022-01106-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Primordial germ cells (PGCs) are responsible for generating all germ cells. Therefore, they are essential targets to be used as a tool for the production of germline chimeras. The labeling and route of PGCs were evaluated during the initial embryonic development of Pseudopimelodus mangurus, using whole-mount in situ hybridization (WISH) and mRNA microinjection in zygotes. A specific antisense RNA probe constituted by a partial coding region from P. mangurus nanos3 mRNA was synthesized for the WISH method. RNA microinjection was performed using the GFP gene reporter regulated by translation regulatory P. mangurus buc and nanos3 3'UTR sequences, germline-specific markers used to describe in vivo migration of PGCs. Nanos3 and buc gene expression was evaluated in tissues for male and female adults and initial development phases and larvae from the first to seventh days post-hatching. The results from the WISH technique indicated the origin of PGCs in P. mangurus from the aggregations of nanos3 mRNA in the cleavage grooves and the signals obtained from nanos3 probes corresponded topographically to the migratory patterns of the PGCs reported for other fish species. Diffuse signals were observed in all blastomeres until the 16-cell stage, which could be related to the two sequences of the nanos3 3'UTR observed in the P. mangurus unfertilized egg transcriptome. Microinjection was not successful using GFP-Dr-nanos1 3'UTR mRNA and GFP-Pm-buc 3'UTR mRNA and allowed the identification of potential PGCs with less than 2% efficiency only and after hatching using GFP-Pm-nanos3 3'UTR. Nanos3 and buc gene expression was reported in the female gonads and from fertilized eggs until the blastula phase. These results provide information about the PGC migration of P. mangurus and the possible use of PGCs for the future generation of germline chimeras to be applied in the conservation efforts of Neotropical Siluriformes species. This study can contribute to establishing genetic banks, manipulating organisms, and assisting in biotechnologies such as transplanting germ cells in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Fonseca Shiguemoto
- Institute of Bioscience, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
- Laboratory of Fish Biotechnology, Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation /National Center for Research and Conservation of Continental Aquatic Biodiversity, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil
| | - Geovanna Carla Zacheo Coelho
- Institute of Bioscience, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
- Laboratory of Fish Biotechnology, Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation /National Center for Research and Conservation of Continental Aquatic Biodiversity, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil
| | - Lucia Suárez López
- Institute of Bioscience, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
- Laboratory of Fish Biotechnology, Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation /National Center for Research and Conservation of Continental Aquatic Biodiversity, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil
| | - Giselle Pessanha Pessoa
- Institute of Bioscience, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
- Laboratory of Fish Biotechnology, Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation /National Center for Research and Conservation of Continental Aquatic Biodiversity, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil
| | | | - José Augusto Senhorini
- Institute of Bioscience, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
- Laboratory of Fish Biotechnology, Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation /National Center for Research and Conservation of Continental Aquatic Biodiversity, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil
| | - Paulo Sérgio Monzani
- Institute of Bioscience, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
- Laboratory of Fish Biotechnology, Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation /National Center for Research and Conservation of Continental Aquatic Biodiversity, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil.
| | - George Shigueki Yasui
- Institute of Bioscience, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
- Laboratory of Fish Biotechnology, Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation /National Center for Research and Conservation of Continental Aquatic Biodiversity, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil
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12
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Cloning and Expression Profiling of the Gene vasa during First Annual Gonadal Development of Cobia (Rachycentron canadum). FISHES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fishes7020060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The vasa gene is essential for germ cell development and gametogenesis both in vertebrates and in invertebrates. In the present study, vasa (Rcvasa) cDNA was cloned from cobia (Rachycentron canadum) using the RACE amplification method. We found that the full-length cDNA sequence of Rcvasa comprises 2571 bp, containing a 5′-UTR of 145 bp, a 3′-UTR of 341 bp, and an open reading frame (ORF) of 2085 bp, encoding a protein of 694 aa. The deduced amino acid sequence contains 8 conserved motifs of the DEAD-box protein family, 7 RGG repeats, and 10 RG repeats in the N-terminal region. Comparisons of the deduced amino acid sequence with those of other teleosts revealed the highest percentage identity (86.0%) with Seriola quinqueradiata. By using semiquantitative RT-PCR, Rcvasa appeared to be specifically expressed in the testis and ovary, among 13 tissues analyzed. In addition, annual changes in Rcvasa expression levels were examined in the gonads by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The expression of Rcvasa in the testis first increased significantly at 120 dph (stage II–III), then stabilized as the testis developed from 185 dph (stage III) to 360 dph (stage V). During the development of the ovary (stage I to II), the expression of Rcvasa first increased and reached the highest level at 210 dph (stage II), then decreased. Furthermore, the results of chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH) revealed that Rcvasa mRNA was mainly expressed in germ cells and barely detected in somatic cells. In the testis, Rcvasa mRNA signal was concentrated in the periphery of spermatogonia, primary spermatocytes, and secondary spermatocytes and was significantly weaker in spermatids and spermatozoa. In the ovary, Rcvasa mRNA signal was uniformly distributed in the perinuclear cytoplasm and was intense in early primary oocytes (stage I and II). These findings could provide a reference for understanding the regulatory mechanisms of vasa expression during the development of germ cells in cobia.
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Ryu JH, Xu L, Wong TT. Advantages, Factors, Obstacles, Potential Solutions, and Recent Advances of Fish Germ Cell Transplantation for Aquaculture-A Practical Review. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12040423. [PMID: 35203131 PMCID: PMC8868515 DOI: 10.3390/ani12040423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary This review aims to provide practical information and viewpoints regarding fish germ cell transplantation for enhancing its commercial applications. We reviewed and summarized the data from more than 70 important studies and described the advantages, obstacles, recent advances, and future perspectives of fish germ cell transplantation. We concluded and proposed the critical factors for achieving better success and various options for germ cell transplantation with their pros and cons. Additionally, we discussed why this technology has not actively been utilized for commercial purposes, what barriers need to be overcome, and what potential solutions can advance its applications in aquaculture. Abstract Germ cell transplantation technology enables surrogate offspring production in fish. This technology has been expected to mitigate reproductive barriers, such as long generation time, limited fecundity, and complex broodstock management, enhancing seed production and productivity in aquaculture. Many studies of germ cell transplantation in various fish species have been reported over a few decades. So far, surrogate offspring production has been achieved in many commercial species. In addition, the knowledge of fish germ cell biology and the related technologies that can enhance transplantation efficiency and productivity has been developed. Nevertheless, the commercial application of this technology still seems to lag behind, indicating that the established models are neither beneficial nor cost-effective enough to attract potential commercial users of this technology. Furthermore, there are existing bottlenecks in practical aspects such as impractical shortening of generation time, shortage of donor cells with limited resources, low efficiency, and unsuccessful surrogate offspring production in some fish species. These obstacles need to be overcome through further technology developments. Thus, we thoroughly reviewed the studies on fish germ cell transplantation reported to date, focusing on the practicality, and proposed potential solutions and future perspectives.
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14
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Du S, Zhou L, Wang X, Xu S, Li J, Song Z, Liu Q. Characterization of vasa and dnd homologs in summer flounder, Paralichthys dentatus: Expression analysis and colocalization of PGCs during embryogenesis. Theriogenology 2022; 181:180-189. [PMID: 35121562 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2022.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Specification of primordial germ cells (PGCs) is particularly important for germline formation. Many maternal-effect genes such as vasa, dnd, and nanos have been identified. However, the research on distribution patterns of PGCs in marine fish is limited. Vasa has been widely used as a germ cell marker to identify its origination in teleosts because vasa RNA is a component of germ plasm. Dnd is known to be an RNA binding protein that protects germline-specific RNAs from degradation. In this study, we isolated full-length vasa and dnd cDNA from summer flounder to track germ cell origination and their expression patterns by RT-PCR and ISH. The results demonstrated that deduced amino acid sequence of Pdvas and Pddnd shared typically conserved motifs of their homologues and demonstrated high identities with other teleosts. Both vasa and dnd transcripts were exclusively detected in germ cells of the gonads. During embryogenesis, vasa and dnd RNA were located at the cleavage furrows of early cleavage stages, and then through proliferation and migration they eventually moved to a location at the predetermined genital ridge. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that summer flounder belongs to the Euteleostei species, but vasa/dnd transcripts localized at the cleavage furrows was similar to that in zebrafish (Osteriophysans). This suggests that germ cells differentiating at early embryogenesis have no direct relation with phylogenesis. At the same time, we found the spatio-temporal expression pattern of dnd was highly consistent with vasa during this process, which indicated the important function of dnd in keeping the target RNA from being degraded to maintain germ cell fate. These results will provide further understanding of germ plasm localization and PGC differentiation in teleosts, and facilitate germ cell manipulation in marine fishes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuran Du
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China; CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Li Zhou
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China; College of Life Science, Ningde Normal University, Engineering Research Center of Mindong Aquatic Product Deep-Processing,Fujian Province University, Ningde, 352100, China
| | - Xueying Wang
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Shihong Xu
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Jun Li
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Zongcheng Song
- Weihai Shenghang Aquatic Product Science and Technology Co. Ltd., Weihai, 264319, China.
| | - Qinghua Liu
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.
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15
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Li H, Zhu Q, Chen R, Liu M, Xu D. Identification and Characterization of Dimorphic Expression of Sex-Related Genes in Rock Bream, a Fish With Multiple Sex Chromosomes. Front Genet 2021; 12:791179. [PMID: 34912379 PMCID: PMC8668390 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.791179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The rock bream (Oplegnathus fasciatus) is a typical fish with a unique multiple sex chromosome system. In this study, we investigated the gene expression profiling in the gonads and brains of both males and females using RNA-Seq to identify sex-related genes and pathways. In accordance with the dimorphic expression profiles, combined with Gene ontology and KEGG enrichment analyses, a number of potential genes and pathways associated with sex determination were obtained from transcriptional analysis, especially some sex-biased genes and pathways. Next, we selected 18 candidate genes and analyzed their expression in different tissues and developmental stages. We found that the expression levels of Amh, Dmrt1, Sox9, Dmrtb1, and Nanos2 were significantly higher in the testis than those in the ovary or other tissues, whereas the expression levels of ZP4, Bouncer, RNF208, FoxH1, and TOB were significantly higher in the ovary than those in the testis. Furthermore, the expression levels of these genes in different developmental stages of gonads also showed sexually dimorphic patterns, suggesting that they might play important roles during gonadal development. These genes are useful markers for investigating sex determination and differentiation in rock bream. The findings of this study can provide insights into the molecular mechanisms of sex determination and differentiation in fish with multiple sex chromosome systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Li
- School of Fisheries, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China.,Key Lab of Mariculture and Enhancement of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Zhoushan, China
| | - Qihui Zhu
- Key Lab of Mariculture and Enhancement of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Zhoushan, China.,Ocean and Fisheries Research Institute, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Ruiyi Chen
- Key Lab of Mariculture and Enhancement of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Zhoushan, China.,Ocean and Fisheries Research Institute, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Mingtao Liu
- School of Fisheries, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China.,Key Lab of Mariculture and Enhancement of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Zhoushan, China
| | - Dongdong Xu
- Key Lab of Mariculture and Enhancement of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Zhoushan, China.,Ocean and Fisheries Research Institute, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China
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16
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Ichida K, Jangprai A, Khaosa-Art P, Yoshizaki G, Boonanuntanasarn S. Characterization of a vasa homolog in Mekong giant catfish (Pangasianodon gigas): Potential use as a germ cell marker. Anim Reprod Sci 2021; 234:106869. [PMID: 34656888 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2021.106869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
For the long-term preservation of the genetic resources of endangered fish species, a combination of germ cell cryopreservation and transplantation can be an effective technique. To optimize these techniques, it is important to identify undifferentiated germ cells possessing transplantability, such as primordial germ cells, type A spermatogonia (ASGs), and oogonia. In this study, a homolog of vasa cDNA in Mekong giant catfish (MGC-vasa) (Pangasianodon gigas), which is an endangered species inhabiting the Mekong river, was cloned and characterized for use as a putative germ cell marker. Results indicate that MGC-Vasa contained all of the consensus motifs, including the arginine-glycine and arginine-glycine-glycine motifs, as well as the nine conserved motifs belonging to the DEAD-box family of proteins. Results from phylogenetic analysis indicated MGC-vasa also grouped with Vasa and was clearly distinguishable from Pl10 in other teleosts. Results from analysis of abundance of mRNA transcripts using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and in situ hybridization performed on immature Mekong giant catfish testis indicated vasa was present specifically in germ cells, with large abundances of the relevant mRNA in spermatogonia and spermatocytes. Sequence similarity and the specific localization of MGC-vasa in these germ cells suggest that the sequence ascertained in this study was a vasa homolog in Mekong giant catfish. Furthermore, vasa-positive cells were detected in prepared smears of testicular cells, indicating that it may be a useful germ cell marker for enzymatically dissociated cells used for transplantation studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kensuke Ichida
- Institute for Reproductive Biotechnology for Aquatic Species (IRBAS), Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan
| | - Araya Jangprai
- School of Animal Technology and Innovation, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
| | - Pongsawan Khaosa-Art
- School of Animal Technology and Innovation, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
| | - Goro Yoshizaki
- Institute for Reproductive Biotechnology for Aquatic Species (IRBAS), Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan; Department of Marine Biosciences, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan
| | - Surintorn Boonanuntanasarn
- School of Animal Technology and Innovation, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand.
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17
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Zhou L, Wang X, Du S, Wang Y, Zhao H, Du T, Yu J, Wu L, Song Z, Liu Q, Li J. Germline Specific Expression of a vasa Homologue Gene in the Viviparous Fish Black Rockfish ( Sebastes schlegelii) and Functional Analysis of the vasa 3 ' Untranslated Region. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:575788. [PMID: 33330452 PMCID: PMC7732447 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.575788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Germ cells play a key role in gonad development. As precursors, primordial germ cells (PGCs) are particularly important for germline formation. However, the origination and migration patterns of PGCs are poorly studied in marine fish, especially for viviparous economic species. The vasa gene has been widely used as a germ cell marker to identify a germline because vasa RNA is a component of germ plasm. In this study, we described the expression pattern of black rockfish (Sebastes schlegelii) vasa (Ssvas) in gonadal formation and development by in situ hybridization. The results showed that Ssvas failed in localization at the cleavage furrows until the late gastrula stage, when PGCs appeared and migrated to the genital ridge and formed elongated gonadal primordia at 10 days after birth. This study firstly revealed the PGCs origination and migration characteristics in viviparous marine fish. Furthermore, we microinjected chimeric mRNA containing EGFP and the 3′untranslated region (3′UTR) of Ssvas into zebrafish (Danio rerio) and marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma) fertilized eggs for tracing PGCs. We found that, although Sebastes schlegelii lacked early localization, similar to red seabream (Pagrus major) and marine medaka, only the 3′UTR of Ssvas vasa 3′UTR of black rockfish was able to label both zebrafish and marine medaka PGCs. In comparison with other three Euteleostei species, besides some basal motifs, black rockfish had three specific motifs of M10, M12, and M19 just presented in zebrafish, which might play an important role in labeling zebrafish PGCs. These results will promote germ cell manipulation technology development and facilitate artificial reproduction regulation in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xueying Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Shuran Du
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Yanfeng Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Haixia Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tengfei Du
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiachen Yu
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lele Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zongcheng Song
- Weihai Shenghang Aquatic Product Science and Technology Co., Ltd., Weihai, China
| | - Qinghua Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Jun Li
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
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18
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Zhou L, Xu S, Lin F, Wang X, Wang Y, Wang Y, Yu D, Liu Q, Li J. Both of marine fish species Oryzias melastigma and Pagrus major all failing in early localization at embryo stage by vasa RNA. Gene 2020; 769:145204. [PMID: 33031890 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.145204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Germ cells are essential for gonadal development. As precursors of germ cells, primordial germ cells (PGCs) are particularly important for germline formation. However, the research on distribution patterns of PGCs in marine fish is very limited, especially for economic species. The vasa gene has been widely used as marker to identify PGCs origination and migration because of vasa RNA is a component of germ plasm. In this study, we isolated full-length vasa cDNA (Omvas and Pmvas) from marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma) and red seabream (Pagrus major), detected vasa transcripts in different tissues by RT-PCR and described vasa expression patterns during embryogenesis and gametogenesis by in situ hybridization. At the same time, we also explored the relationship between early distribution of germ plasm components and species evolution. The results demonstrated that deduced amino acid sequence of Omvas and Pmvas shared several conserved motifs of Vasa homologues and high identity with other teleost, and vasa transcripts were exclusively detected in early germ cells of gonad. During embryogenesis, vasa RNA of both fishes, like medaka (Oryzias latipes), failed to localize at cleavage furrows and distributed uniformly throughout each blastomere. This study firstly discovered that the marine economic fish, red seabream, lost vasa RNA early specific localization at cleavage furrows and distinctive distribution in germ cells. In addition, compared with other teleost, we found that early distribution of germ plasm might not relate to species evolution. This will improve our understanding of vasa localization modes in teleost, and facilitate fish germ cell manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shihong Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Fan Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Xueying Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Yunong Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yanfeng Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Daode Yu
- Marine Biology Institute of Shandong Province, Qingdao 266104, China
| | - Qinghua Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China.
| | - Jun Li
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China.
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19
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Molecular approaches underlying the oogenic cycle of the scleractinian coral, Acropora tenuis. Sci Rep 2020; 10:9914. [PMID: 32555307 PMCID: PMC7303178 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-66020-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to elucidate the physiological processes of oogenesis in Acropora tenuis. Genes/proteins related to oogenesis were investigated: Vasa, a germ cell marker, vitellogenin (VG), a major yolk protein precursor, and its receptor (LDLR). Coral branches were collected monthly from coral reefs around Sesoko Island (Okinawa, Japan) for histological observation by in situ hybridisation (ISH) of the Vasa (AtVasa) and Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor (AtLDLR) genes and immunohistochemistry (IHC) of AtVasa and AtVG. AtVasa immunoreactivity was detected in germline cells and ooplasm, whereas AtVG immunoreactivity was detected in ooplasm and putative ovarian tissues. AtVasa was localised in germline cells located in the retractor muscles of the mesentery, whereas AtLDLR was localised in the putative ovarian and mesentery tissues. AtLDLR was detected in coral tissues during the vitellogenic phase, whereas AtVG immunoreactivity was found in primary oocytes. Germline cells expressing AtVasa are present throughout the year. In conclusion, Vasa has physiological and molecular roles throughout the oogenic cycle, as it determines gonadal germline cells and ensures normal oocyte development, whereas the roles of VG and LDLR are limited to the vitellogenic stages because they act in coordination with lipoprotein transport, vitellogenin synthesis, and yolk incorporation into oocytes.
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20
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Zhou L, Wang X, Liu Q, Xu S, Zhao H, Han M, Wang Y, Song Z, Li J. Visualization of Turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) Primordial Germ Cells in vivo Using Fluorescent Protein Mediated by the 3' Untranslated Region of nanos3 or vasa Gene. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2019; 21:671-682. [PMID: 31502176 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-019-09911-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Primordial germ cells (PGCs) as the precursors of germ cells are responsible for transmitting genetic information to the next generation. Visualization of teleost PGCs in vivo is essential to research the origination and development of germ cells and facilitate further manipulation on PGCs isolation, cryopreservation, and surrogate breeding. In this study, artificially synthesized mRNAs constructed by fusing fluorescent protein coding region to the 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) of nanos3 or vasa (mCherry-Smnanos3 3'UTR or mCherry-Smvasa 3'UTR mRNA) were injected into turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) fertilized eggs for tracing PGCs. The results demonstrated that the fluorescent PGCs differentiated from somatic cells and aligned on both sides of the trunk at the early segmentation period, then migrated and located at the dorsal part of the gut where the gonad would form. In the same way, we also found that the zebrafish (Danio rerio) vasa 3'UTR could trace turbot PGCs, while the vasa 3'UTR s of marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma) and red seabream (Pagrus major) failed, although they could label the marine medaka PGCs. In addition, through comparative analysis, we discovered that some potential sequence elements in the3 'UTRs of nanos3 and vasa, such as GCACs, 62-bp U-rich regions and nucleotide 187-218 regions might be involved in PGCs stabilization. The results of this study provided an efficient, rapid, and specific non-transgenic approach for visualizing PGCs of economical marine fish in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xueying Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Qinghua Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China.
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China.
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China.
| | - Shihong Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Haixia Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mingming Han
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
| | - Yunong Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zongcheng Song
- Weihai Shenghang Aquatic Product Science and Technology Co. Ltd., Weihai, 264200, China
| | - Jun Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China.
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China.
- Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7 Nanhai Road, Qingdao, 266071, P. R. China.
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21
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Duangkaew R, Jangprai A, Ichida K, Yoshizaki G, Boonanuntanasarn S. Characterization and expression of a vasa homolog in the gonads and primordial germ cells of the striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus). Theriogenology 2019; 131:61-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2019.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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22
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Vasconcelos ACN, Streit DP, Octavera A, Miwa M, Kabeya N, Yoshizaki G. The germ cell marker dead end reveals alternatively spliced transcripts with dissimilar expression. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2407. [PMID: 30787383 PMCID: PMC6382762 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39101-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the late 19th century, the Amazon species Colossoma macropomum (tambaqui) has been exploited commercially and the climate change has contributed to decline in tambaqui numbers. Although germ cell cryopreservation and transplantation can help preserve the species’ genetic resources semipermanently, its germ cell behavior has not been analyzed to date. In this study, we isolated the tambaqui’s dead end gene (dnd) homolog (tdnd) and used it as a molecular marker for germ cells to obtain basic information essential for transplantation. The amino acid sequence showed 98% similarity and 53% identity with the zebrafish dnd. Phylogenetic analysis and the presence of consensus motifs known for dnd revealed that tdnd encodes the dnd ortholog and its transcript is detectable only in the testes and ovaries, showing a strong positive signal in oocytes and spermatogonia. The tambaqui possesses, at least, three different transcripts of tdnd which show dissimilar expression profile in undifferentiated and sexually mature animals, suggesting that they play distinct roles in germline development and they may influence the choice of donors for the cell transplantation study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carina Nogueira Vasconcelos
- Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Department of Marine Biosciences, Tokyo, 108-8477, Japan. .,Johns Hopkins University, Institute for Nanobiotechnology, Whiting School of Engineering, Baltimore, Maryland, 21218, USA.
| | - Danilo Pedro Streit
- Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Department of Animal Science, Porto Alegre, 91540-000, Brazil
| | - Anna Octavera
- Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Department of Marine Biosciences, Tokyo, 108-8477, Japan
| | - Misako Miwa
- Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Department of Marine Biosciences, Tokyo, 108-8477, Japan
| | - Naoki Kabeya
- The University of Tokyo, Department of Aquatic Bioscience, Tokyo, 113-8654, Japan
| | - Goro Yoshizaki
- Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Department of Marine Biosciences, Tokyo, 108-8477, Japan
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23
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Vasconcelos ACN, Streit DP, Octavera A, Miwa M, Kabeya N, Freitas Garcia RR, Rotili DA, Yoshizaki G. Isolation and characterization of a germ cell marker in teleost fish Colossoma macropomum. Gene 2019; 683:54-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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24
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Yu L, Xu D, Ye H, Yue H, Ooka S, Kondo H, Yazawa R, Takeuchi Y. Gonadal Transcriptome Analysis of Pacific Abalone Haliotis discus discus: Identification of Genes Involved in Germ Cell Development. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2018; 20:467-480. [PMID: 29616430 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-018-9809-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about the molecular mechanisms governing gonadal developmental processes in abalones. Here, we conducted transcriptome analysis of Pacific abalone Haliotis discus discus for gene discovery in the brain, ovary, testis, and unfertilized eggs. Among the annotated unigenes, 48.6% of unigenes were identified by Venn diagram analysis as having universal or tissue-specific expression. Twenty-three genes with gonad-biased gene ontology (GO) terms were first obtained. Secondly, 36 genes were found by screening known gene names related to germ cell development. Finally, 17 genes were obtained by querying the annotated unigene database for zygotically expressed gonadal genes (ovary and testis) and maternally expressed gonadal genes (ovary, testis, and unfertilized eggs) using keywords related to reproduction. To further verify tissue distribution pattern and subcellular localization of these genes, RT-PCR and in situ hybridization were performed using a unigene encoding a germ cell marker, vasa, as control. The results showed that vasa was expressed mainly in the early developmental stages of germ cells in both sexes. One of the candidate genes, vitelline envelope zona pellucida domain protein 12 (ZP12), was expressed in the primordial germ cells of immature gonad and early developmental stages of germ cells of the adult female. The results obtained from the present study suggest that vasa and ZP12 are involved in germ cell development of Pacific abalone and that ZP12 is an especially useful germ cell-specific marker in immature adults. The current gonadal transcriptome profile is an extensive resource for future reproductive molecular biology studies of this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyun Yu
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 670 Banda, Tateyama, Chiba, 294-0308, Japan
| | - Dongdong Xu
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 670 Banda, Tateyama, Chiba, 294-0308, Japan
- Marine Fishery Institute of Zhejiang Province, Key Lab of Mariculture and Enhancement of Zhejiang Province, Zhoushan, Zhejiang Province, 316100, China
| | - Huan Ye
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, 430223, China
| | - Huamei Yue
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Biodiversity Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, 430223, China
| | - Shioh Ooka
- Japan Ocean Resources Development and Engineering Co., Ltd., 7-1 Jizohamacho, Kishiwada, Osaka, 596-0015, Japan
| | - Hidehiro Kondo
- Department of Marine Bioscience, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Minato, Konan 4-5-7, Tokyo, 108-8477, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Yazawa
- Department of Marine Bioscience, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Minato, Konan 4-5-7, Tokyo, 108-8477, Japan
| | - Yutaka Takeuchi
- Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, 4-50-20 Shimoarata, Kagoshima, 890-0056, Japan.
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25
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Identification of type A spermatogonia in turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) using a new cell-surface marker of Lymphocyte antigen 75 (ly75/CD205). Theriogenology 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2017.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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26
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Wu XL, Tang ZK, Li W, Chu ZJ, Hong XY, Zhu XP, Xu HY. Identifying the germ cells during embryogenesis and gametogenesis by germ-line gene vasa in an anadromous fish, American shad Alosa sapidissima. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2018; 92:1422-1434. [PMID: 29573270 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.13595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
American shad Alosa sapidissima, an anadromous clupeid, exhibits variation in reproductive strategies, including semelparity and iteroparity. It provides an excellent model for studying the behaviour of germ cells in anadromous fish during their migration from sea to river. The vasa gene was characterized in A. sapidissima as a germ-cell marker to elaborate the process of germ-cell development and differentiation in anadromous species. A complementary (c)DNA fragment of 819 bp, partial open reading frame (ORF), was cloned by degenerate PCR and named as ASvas. In adult A. sapidissima, vasa transcript was exclusively detected in gonads by reverse-transcription (RT)-PCR. Through chromogenic in situ hybridization, the vasa messenger (m)RNA was specifically detected in primordial germ cells (PGC) in embryos and germ cells at early stages in ovary and testis. Besides, the cellular distribution profile of Vasa protein also proved that vasa gene could be used as a germ-line marker to trace the PGCs migration during embryogenesis and the germ-cell differentiation during gametogenesis in A. sapidissima. During embryogenesis, the migrating PGCs were clearly detected at tail-bud stage and the PGCs reached the genital ridge at the stage of pre-hatching stage in A. sapidissima embryos. During gametogenesis, the Vasa protein was dynamically expressed in differentiating germ cells at different stages in adult gonads. As far as we know, this is the first report to demonstrate the PGCs migration and germ-cell differentiation through vasa gene expression in the anadromous species. The findings will pave a way for investigating germ-cell development and maturation in the A. sapidissima and other anadromous fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- X L Wu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation of Ministry of Agriculture, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510380, China
| | - Z K Tang
- School of Fishery, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316022, China
| | - W Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation of Ministry of Agriculture, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510380, China
| | - Z J Chu
- School of Fishery, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316022, China
| | - X Y Hong
- Key Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation of Ministry of Agriculture, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510380, China
| | - X P Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation of Ministry of Agriculture, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510380, China
| | - H Y Xu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical & Subtropical Fishery Resource Application & Cultivation of Ministry of Agriculture, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510380, China
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27
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Heat and chemical treatments in adult Cyprinus carpio (Pisces cypriniformes) rapidly produce sterile gonads. Anim Reprod Sci 2017; 183:77-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2017.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2016] [Revised: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Falahatkar B, Poursaeid S, Kitada R, Yoshizaki G. Hypothermic storage of isolated spermatogonia and oogonia from rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ). Cryobiology 2017; 76:125-128. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2017.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2016] [Revised: 03/11/2017] [Accepted: 03/11/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Black carp vasa identifies embryonic and gonadal germ cells. Dev Genes Evol 2017; 227:231-243. [DOI: 10.1007/s00427-017-0583-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Tagami T, Miyahara D, Nakamura Y. Avian Primordial Germ Cells. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 1001:1-18. [PMID: 28980226 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-3975-1_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Germ cells transmit genetic information to the next generation through gametogenesis. Primordial germ cells (PGCs) are the first germ-cell population established during development, and are the common origins of both oocytes and spermatogonia. Unlike in other species, PGCs in birds undergo blood circulation to migrate toward the genital ridge, and are one of the major biological properties of avian PGCs. Germ cells enter meiosis and arrest at prophase I during embryogenesis in females, whereas in males they enter mitotic arrest during embryogenesis and enter meiosis only after birth. In chicken, gonadal sex differentiation occurs as early as embryonic day 6, but meiotic initiation of female germ cells starts from a relatively late stage (embryonic day 15.5). Retinoic acid controls meiotic entry in developing chicken gonads through the expressions of retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 2, a major retinoic acid synthesizing enzyme, and cytochrome P450 family 26, subfamily B member 1, a major retinoic acid-degrading enzyme. The other major biological property of avian PGCs is that they can be propagated in vitro for the long term, and this technique is useful for investigating proliferation mechanisms. The main factor involved in chicken PGC proliferation is fibroblast growth factor 2, which activates the signaling of MEK/ERK and thus promotes the cell cycle and anti-apoptosis. Furthermore, the activation of PI3K/Akt signaling is indispensable for the proliferation and survival of chicken PGCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Tagami
- Institute of Livestock Grassland Science, NARO, Ibaraki, Japan.
| | - Daichi Miyahara
- Institute of Livestock Grassland Science, NARO, Ibaraki, Japan
- Shinshu University, Ueda, Japan
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Boonanuntanasarn S, Bunlipatanon P, Ichida K, Yoohat K, Mengyu O, Detsathit S, Yazawa R, Yoshizaki G. Characterization of a vasa homolog in the brown-marbled grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus) and its expression in gonad and germ cells during larval development. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2016; 42:1621-1636. [PMID: 27406385 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-016-0245-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The vasa gene is specifically expressed in the germ cell lineage, and its expression has been used to study germline development in many organisms, including fishes. In this study, we cloned and characterized vasa as Efu-vasa in the brown-marbled grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus). Efu-vasa contained predicted regions that shared consensus motifs with the vasa family in teleosts, including arginine- and glycine-rich repeats, ATPase motifs, and a DEAD box. Phylogenetic-tree construction using various DEAD-box proteins confirmed that Efu-vasa was clustered in the vasa family. Efu-vasa mRNA was detectable only in gonads, by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Primordial germ cells (PGCs) during early gonad development in larvae were characterized by histological examination and in situ hybridization using an Efu-vasa antisense probe. Migrating PGCs were found in larvae at 9-21 days post-hatching, and rapid proliferation of PGCs was initiated in 36 days post-hatching. These findings provide a valuable basis for optimizing the developmental stages for germ cell transplantation in order to produce surrogate broodstock, which may help in the production of larvae of large and endangered grouper species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surintorn Boonanuntanasarn
- School of Animal Production Technology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, 111 University Avenue, Muang, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand.
| | - Paiboon Bunlipatanon
- Krabi Coastal Fisheries Research and Development Center, 141 Moo 6, Saithai, Muang, Krabi, 81000, Thailand
| | - Kensuke Ichida
- Department of Marine Biosciences, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 108-8477, Japan
| | - Kirana Yoohat
- School of Animal Production Technology, Institute of Agricultural Technology, Suranaree University of Technology, 111 University Avenue, Muang, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
| | - Ornkanya Mengyu
- Krabi Coastal Fisheries Research and Development Center, 141 Moo 6, Saithai, Muang, Krabi, 81000, Thailand
| | - Samart Detsathit
- Krabi Coastal Fisheries Research and Development Center, 141 Moo 6, Saithai, Muang, Krabi, 81000, Thailand
| | - Ryosuke Yazawa
- Department of Marine Biosciences, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 108-8477, Japan
| | - Goro Yoshizaki
- Department of Marine Biosciences, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato-Ku, Tokyo, 108-8477, Japan
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Lee S, Katayama N, Yoshizaki G. Generation of juvenile rainbow trout derived from cryopreserved whole ovaries by intraperitoneal transplantation of ovarian germ cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 478:1478-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.08.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Ye H, Yue HM, Yang XG, Li CJ, Wei QW. Identification and sexually dimorphic expression of vasa isoforms in Dabry′s sturgeon (Acipenser dabryanus), and functional analysis of vasa 3′-untranslated region. Cell Tissue Res 2016; 366:203-18. [DOI: 10.1007/s00441-016-2418-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Katayama N, Kume S, Hattori-Ihara S, Sadaie S, Hayashi M, Yoshizaki G. Germ Cell-Specific Excision of loxP-Flanked Transgenes in Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss1. Biol Reprod 2016; 94:79. [DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.115.136929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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Song Y, Lai L, Li L, Huang Y, Wang A, Tang X, Pang D, Li Z, Ouyang H. Germ cell-specific expression of Cre recombinase using the VASA promoter in the pig. FEBS Open Bio 2015; 6:50-5. [PMID: 27047735 PMCID: PMC4794798 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Revised: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The Cre–loxP system is a powerful tool for genetic analysis of distinct cell lineages and tissue‐specific gene knockout in animal models. VASA is specifically expressed in reproductive tissues, and is known to play important roles in spermatogenesis and germ‐cell growth. In this study, Cre recombinase transgenic pigs under the control of the VASA promoter were generated by somatic cell nuclear transfer. Germ cell‐specific expression of Cre recombinase in VASA‐Cre transgenic pigs was shown by western blotting and immunohistochemistry. VASA‐Cre transgenic pigs will be a useful tool for germ cell‐specific gene knockout and a disease model for disorders of the reproductive system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuning Song
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering Jilin University Changchun China
| | - Liangxue Lai
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering Jilin University Changchun China
| | - Li Li
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering Jilin University Changchun China
| | - Yongye Huang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering Jilin University Changchun China
| | - Anfeng Wang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering Jilin University Changchun China
| | - Xiaochun Tang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering Jilin University Changchun China
| | - Daxin Pang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering Jilin University Changchun China
| | - Zhanjun Li
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering Jilin University Changchun China
| | - Hongsheng Ouyang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering Jilin University Changchun China
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Lee S, Seki S, Katayama N, Yoshizaki G. Production of viable trout offspring derived from frozen whole fish. Sci Rep 2015; 5:16045. [PMID: 26522018 PMCID: PMC4629203 DOI: 10.1038/srep16045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-term preservation of fish fertility is essential for the conservation of endangered fishes. However, cryopreservation techniques for fish oocytes and embryos have not yet been developed. In the present study, functional eggs and sperm were derived from whole rainbow trout that had been frozen in a freezer and stored without the aid of exogenous cryoprotectants. Type A spermatogonia retrieved from frozen-thawed whole trout remained viable after freezing duration up to 1,113 days. Long-term-frozen trout spermatogonia that were intraperitoneally transplanted into triploid salmon hatchlings migrated toward the recipient gonads, where they were incorporated, and proliferated rapidly. Although all triploid recipients that did not undergo transplantation were functionally sterile, 2 of 12 female recipients and 4 of 13 male recipients reached sexual maturity. Eggs and sperm obtained from the salmon recipients were capable of producing donor-derived trout offspring. This methodology is thus a convenient emergency tool for the preservation of endangered fishes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungki Lee
- Department of Marine Biosciences, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan.,Biological and Genetic Resources Assessment Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon 404-708, Korea
| | - Shinsuke Seki
- Department of Marine Biosciences, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan
| | - Naoto Katayama
- Department of Marine Biosciences, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan
| | - Goro Yoshizaki
- Department of Marine Biosciences, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan
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Kaushik R, Singh KP, Bahuguna V, Rameshbabu K, Singh MK, Manik RS, Palta P, Singla SK, Chauhan MS. Molecular characterization and expression of buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) DEAD-box family VASA gene and mRNA transcript variants isolated from testis tissue. Gene 2015; 572:17-26. [PMID: 26127001 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2015.06.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2014] [Revised: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 06/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
VASA is a member of the DEAD-box protein family that plays an indispensable role in mammalian spermatogenesis, particularly during meiosis. In the present study, we isolated, sequenced, and characterized VASA gene in buffalo testis. Here, we demonstrated that VASA mRNA is expressed as multiple isoforms and uses four alternative transcriptional start sites (TSSs) and four different polyadenylation sites. The TSSs identified by 5'-RNA ligase-mediated rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RLM-5'-RACE) were positioned at 48, 53, 85, and 88 nucleotides upstream relative to the translation initiation codon. 3'-RACE experiment revealed the presence of tandem polyadenylation signals, which lead to the expression of at least four different 3'-untranslated regions (209, 233, 239 and 605 nucleotides). The full-length coding region of VASA was 2190 bp, which encodes a 729 amino acid (aa) protein containing nine consensus regions of the DEAD box protein family. VASA variants are highly expressed in testis of adult buffalo. We found five variants, one full length VASA (729 aa) and four splice variants VASA 2, 4, 5, 6 (683, 685, 679, 703 aa). The expression level of VASA 1 was significantly higher than rest of all (P < 0.05) except VASA 6. The relative ratio for VASA 1:2:4:5:6 was 100:1.0:1.6:0.9:48.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramakant Kaushik
- Embryo Biotechnology Lab, Animal Biotechnology Centre, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal - 13200'1, India
| | - Karn Pratap Singh
- Embryo Biotechnology Lab, Animal Biotechnology Centre, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal - 13200'1, India
| | - Vivek Bahuguna
- Embryo Biotechnology Lab, Animal Biotechnology Centre, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal - 13200'1, India
| | - K Rameshbabu
- Embryo Biotechnology Lab, Animal Biotechnology Centre, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal - 13200'1, India
| | - Manoj Kumar Singh
- Embryo Biotechnology Lab, Animal Biotechnology Centre, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal - 13200'1, India
| | - Radhey Shyam Manik
- Embryo Biotechnology Lab, Animal Biotechnology Centre, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal - 13200'1, India
| | - Prabhat Palta
- Embryo Biotechnology Lab, Animal Biotechnology Centre, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal - 13200'1, India
| | - Suresh Kumar Singla
- Embryo Biotechnology Lab, Animal Biotechnology Centre, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal - 13200'1, India
| | - Manmohan Singh Chauhan
- Embryo Biotechnology Lab, Animal Biotechnology Centre, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal - 13200'1, India.
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38
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Molecular characterization, sexually dimorphic expression, and functional analysis of 3'-untranslated region of vasa gene in half-smooth tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis). Theriogenology 2014; 82:213-24. [PMID: 24768058 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2014.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2013] [Revised: 03/23/2014] [Accepted: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Vasa is a highly conserved ATP-dependent RNA helicase expressed mainly in germ cells. The vasa gene plays a crucial role in the development of germ cell lineage and has become an excellent molecular marker in identifying germ cells in teleosts. However, little is known about the structure and function of the vasa gene in flatfish. In this study, the vasa gene (Csvasa) was isolated and characterized in half-smooth tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis), an economically important flatfish in China. In the obtained 6425-bp genomic sequence, 23 exons and 22 introns were identified. The Csvasa gene encodes a 663-amino acid protein, including highly conserved domains of the DEAD-box protein family. The amino acid sequence also shared a high homology with other teleosts. Csvasa expression was mainly restricted to the gonads, with little or no expression in other tissues. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed that Csvasa expression levels decreased during embryonic and early developmental stages and increased with the primordial germ cell proliferation. A typical sexually dimorphic expression pattern of Csvasa was observed during early development and sex differentiation, suggesting that the Csvasa gene might play a differential role in the proliferation and differentiation of male and female primordial germ cells (PGCs). Csvasa mRNA expression levels in neomales were significantly lower than those in normal males and females, indicating that the Csvasa gene might be implicated in germ cell development after sex reversal by temperature treatment. In addition, medaka (Oryzias latipes) PGCs could be transiently labeled by microinjection of synthesized mRNA containing the green fluorescence protein gene and 3'-untranslated region of Csvasa, which confirmed that the Csvasa gene has the potential to be used as a visual molecular marker of germ cells and laid a foundation for manipulation of PGCs in tongue sole reproduction.
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Wang Z, Gao J, Song H, Wu X, Sun Y, Qi J, Yu H, Wang Z, Zhang Q. Sexually dimorphic expression of vasa isoforms in the tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis). PLoS One 2014; 9:e93380. [PMID: 24671276 PMCID: PMC3966880 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0093380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2013] [Accepted: 03/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The vasa gene encodes an ATP-dependent RNA helicase of the DEAD box protein family that functions in a broad range of molecular events involving duplex RNA. In most species, the germline specific expression of vasa becomes a molecular marker widely used in the visualization and labeling of primordial germ cells (PGCs) and a tool in surrogate broodstock production through PGC transplantation. The vasa gene from tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis) was characterized to promote the development of genetic breeding techniques in this species. Three C. semilaevis vasa transcripts were isolated, namely vas-l, vas-m, and vas-s. Quantitative real-time PCR results showed that C. semilaevis vasa transcripts were prevalently expressed in gonads, with very weak expression of vas-s in other tissues. Embryonic development expression profiles revealed the onset of zygotic transcription of vasa mRNAs and the maternal deposit of the three transcripts. The genetic ZW female juvenile fish was discriminated from genetic ZZ males by a pair of female specific primers. Only the expression of vas-s can be observed in both sexes during early gonadal differentiation. Before PGCs started mitosis, there was sexually dimorphic expression of vas-s with the ovary showing higher levels and downward trend. The results demonstrated the benefits of vasa as a germline specific marker for PGCs during embryonic development and gonadal differentiation. This study lays the groundwork for further application of C. semilaevis PGCs in fish breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongkai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding (MGB), Ministry of Education, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Jinning Gao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding (MGB), Ministry of Education, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Huayu Song
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding (MGB), Ministry of Education, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaomeng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding (MGB), Ministry of Education, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding (MGB), Ministry of Education, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Jie Qi
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding (MGB), Ministry of Education, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Haiyang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding (MGB), Ministry of Education, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhigang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding (MGB), Ministry of Education, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Quanqi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding (MGB), Ministry of Education, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- * E-mail:
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40
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Nakajima S, Hayashi M, Kouguchi T, Yamaguchi K, Miwa M, Yoshizaki G. Expression patterns of gdnf and gfrα1 in rainbow trout testis. Gene Expr Patterns 2014; 14:111-20. [PMID: 24518650 DOI: 10.1016/j.gep.2014.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2013] [Revised: 01/18/2014] [Accepted: 01/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
In mice, glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) is essential for normal spermatogenesis and in vitro culture of spermatogonial stem cells. In murine testes, GDNF acts as paracrine factor; Sertoli cells secrete it to a subset of spermatogonial cells expressing its receptor, GDNF family receptor α1 (GFRα1). However, in fish, it is unclear what types of cells express gdnf and gfrα1. In this study, we isolated the rainbow trout orthologues of these genes and analyzed their expression patterns during spermatogenesis. In rainbow trout testes, gdnf and gfrα1 were expressed in almost all type A spermatogonia (ASG). Noticeably, unlike in mice, the expression of gdnf was not observed in Sertoli cells in rainbow trout. During spermatogenesis, the expression levels of these genes changed synchronously; gdnf and gfrα1 showed high expression in ASG and decreased dramatically in subsequent developmental stages. These results suggested that GDNF most likely acts as an autocrine factor in rainbow trout testes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Nakajima
- Department of Marine Biosciences, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan
| | - Makoto Hayashi
- Department of Marine Biosciences, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan
| | - Tomomi Kouguchi
- Department of Marine Biosciences, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan
| | - Kazuma Yamaguchi
- Department of Marine Biosciences, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan
| | - Misako Miwa
- Department of Marine Biosciences, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan
| | - Goro Yoshizaki
- Department of Marine Biosciences, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan.
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Xu H, Lim M, Dwarakanath M, Hong Y. Vasa identifies germ cells and critical stages of oogenesis in the Asian seabass. Int J Biol Sci 2014; 10:225-35. [PMID: 24550690 PMCID: PMC3927134 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.6797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2013] [Accepted: 10/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Germ cells produce sperm and eggs for reproduction and fertility. The Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer), a protandrous marine fish, undergoes male-female sex reversal and thus offers an excellent model to study the role of germ cells in sex differentiation and sex reversal. Here we report the cloning and expression of vasa as a first germ cell marker in this organism. A 2241-bp cDNA was cloned by PCR using degenerate primers of conserved sequences and gene-specific primers. This cDNA contains a polyadenylation signal and a full open reading frame for 645 amino acid residues, which was designated as Lcvasa for the seabass vasa, as its predicted protein is homologous to Vasa proteins. The Lcvasa RNA is maternally supplied and specific to gonads in adulthood. By chromogenic and fluorescent in situ hybridization we revealed germ cell-specific Lcvasa expression in both the testis and ovary. Importantly, Lcvasa shows dynamic patterns of temporospatial expression and subcellular distribution during gametogenesis. At different stages of oogenesis, for example, Lcvasa undergoes nuclear-cytoplasmic redistribution and becomes concentrated preferentially in the Balbiani body of stage-II~III oocytes. Thus, the vasa RNA identifies both female and male germ cells in the Asian seabass, and its expression and distribution delineate critical stages of gametogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Xu
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543
| | - Menghuat Lim
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543
| | - Manali Dwarakanath
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543
| | - Yunhan Hong
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543
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Xiao J, Luo Y, Chen L, Yang L, Huang Y, Guo Z, Guo E, Tang Z, Zhang M, Gan X. Molecular cloning of vasa gene and the effects of LHRH-A on its expression in blue tilapia Oreochromis aureus. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2013; 39:931-940. [PMID: 23224831 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-012-9752-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2011] [Accepted: 11/20/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The full length of vasa cDNA in blue tilapia Oreochromis aureus was cloned and sequenced using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). Nucleotide sequence analysis revealed that the cDNA contained 2,143 bp and was consisted of a 48-bp 5' untranslated terminal region (5'-UTR), a 157-bp 3' untranslated terminal region (3'-UTR) and a 1,938-bp open reading frame (ORF) which encoded 645 amino acids. Homological protein analysis showed that vasa in O. aureus was highly conserved with Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus. Tissue distribution expression analysis indicated that vasa was specifically expressed in the gonads. Using in situ hybridization, we found that vasa was expressed in spermatogonia and spermatocytes rather than spermatids and sperm. In order to examine the influence of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone analog (LHRH-A) on vasa, the in vivo injections were performed different concentrations of LHRH-A. Our results showed that LHRH-A induced meiosis and down-regulated vasa mRNA expression. In summary, our results showed that vasa was specifically expressed in gonads and LHRH-A inhibited vasa expression in the testis. Our results also suggested that LHRH-A could regulate vasa gene expression in O. aureus testis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Xiao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Animal Reproduction Institute, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China
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Yan M, Sui J, Sheng W, Shao M, Zhang Z. Expression pattern of vasa in gonads of sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus during gametogenesis and reproductive cycle. Gene Expr Patterns 2013; 13:171-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gep.2013.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2012] [Revised: 01/23/2013] [Accepted: 03/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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44
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Ribas L, Pardo BG, Fernández C, Alvarez-Diós JA, Gómez-Tato A, Quiroga MI, Planas JV, Sitjà-Bobadilla A, Martínez P, Piferrer F. A combined strategy involving Sanger and 454 pyrosequencing increases genomic resources to aid in the management of reproduction, disease control and genetic selection in the turbot (Scophthalmus maximus). BMC Genomics 2013; 14:180. [PMID: 23497389 PMCID: PMC3700835 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-14-180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2012] [Accepted: 02/27/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Genomic resources for plant and animal species that are under exploitation primarily for human consumption are increasingly important, among other things, for understanding physiological processes and for establishing adequate genetic selection programs. Current available techniques for high-throughput sequencing have been implemented in a number of species, including fish, to obtain a proper description of the transcriptome. The objective of this study was to generate a comprehensive transcriptomic database in turbot, a highly priced farmed fish species in Europe, with potential expansion to other areas of the world, for which there are unsolved production bottlenecks, to understand better reproductive- and immune-related functions. This information is essential to implement marker assisted selection programs useful for the turbot industry. Results Expressed sequence tags were generated by Sanger sequencing of cDNA libraries from different immune-related tissues after several parasitic challenges. The resulting database (“Turbot 2 database”) was enlarged with sequences generated from a 454 sequencing run of brain-hypophysis-gonadal axis-derived RNA obtained from turbot at different development stages. The assembly of Sanger and 454 sequences generated 52,427 consensus sequences (“Turbot 3 database”), of which 23,661 were successfully annotated. A total of 1,410 sequences were confirmed to be related to reproduction and key genes involved in sex differentiation and maturation were identified for the first time in turbot (AR, AMH, SRY-related genes, CYP19A, ZPGs, STAR FSHR, etc.). Similarly, 2,241 sequences were related to the immune system and several novel key immune genes were identified (BCL, TRAF, NCK, CD28 and TOLLIP, among others). The number of genes of many relevant reproduction- and immune-related pathways present in the database was 50–90% of the total gene count of each pathway. In addition, 1,237 microsatellites and 7,362 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were also compiled. Further, 2,976 putative natural antisense transcripts (NATs) including microRNAs were also identified. Conclusions The combined sequencing strategies employed here significantly increased the turbot genomic resources available, including 34,400 novel sequences. The generated database contains a larger number of genes relevant for reproduction- and immune-associated studies, with an excellent coverage of most genes present in many relevant physiological pathways. This database also allowed the identification of many microsatellites and SNP markers that will be very useful for population and genome screening and a valuable aid in marker assisted selection programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laia Ribas
- Institut de Ciències del Mar, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
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Nagasawa K, Fernandes JMO, Yoshizaki G, Miwa M, Babiak I. Identification and migration of primordial germ cells in Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar: characterization of vasa, dead end, and lymphocyte antigen 75 genes. Mol Reprod Dev 2013; 80:118-31. [PMID: 23239145 PMCID: PMC3664433 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.22142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2012] [Accepted: 12/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
No information exists on the identification of primordial germ cells (PGCs) in the super-order Protacanthopterygii, which includes the Salmonidae family and Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.), one of the most commercially important aquatic animals worldwide. In order to identify salmon PGCs, we cloned the full-length cDNA of vasa, dead end (dnd), and lymphocyte antigen 75 (ly75/CD205) genes as germ cell marker candidates, and analyzed their expression patterns in both adult and embryonic stages of Atlantic salmon. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR results showed that salmon vasa and dnd were specifically expressed in testis and ovary, and vasa, dnd, and ly75 mRNA were maternally deposited in the egg. vasa mRNA was consistently detected throughout embryogenesis while dnd and ly75 mRNA were gradually degraded during cleavages. In situ analysis revealed the localization of vasa and dnd mRNA and Ly75 protein in PGCs of hatched larvae. Whole-mount in situ hybridization detected vasa mRNA during embryogenesis, showing a distribution pattern somewhat different to that of zebrafish; specifically, at mid-blastula stage, vasa-expressing cells were randomly distributed at the central part of blastodisc, and then they migrated to the presumptive region of embryonic shield. Therefore, the typical vasa localization pattern of four clusters during blastulation, as found in zebrafish, was not present in Atlantic salmon. In addition, salmon PGCs could be specifically labeled with a green fluorescence protein (GFP) using gfp-rt-vasa 3′-UTR RNA microinjection for further applications. These findings may assist in understanding PGC development not only in Atlantic salmon but also in other salmonids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazue Nagasawa
- Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, University of Nordland, Bodø, Norway
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Generation of functional eggs and sperm from cryopreserved whole testes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013; 110:1640-5. [PMID: 23319620 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1218468110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The conservation of endangered fish is of critical importance. Cryobanking could provide an effective backup measure for use in conjunction with the conservation of natural populations; however, methodology for cryopreservation of fish eggs and embryos has not yet been developed. The present study established a methodology capable of deriving functional eggs and sperm from frozen type A spermatogonia (ASGs). Whole testes taken from rainbow trout were slowly frozen in a cryomedium, and the viability of ASGs within these testes did not decrease over a 728-d freezing period. Frozen-thawed ASGs that were intraperitoneally transplanted into sterile triploid hatchlings migrated toward, and were incorporated into, recipient genital ridges. Transplantability of ASGs did not decrease after as much as 939 d of cryopreservation. Nearly half of triploid recipients produced functional eggs or sperm derived from the frozen ASGs and displayed high fecundity. Fertilization of resultant gametes resulted in the successful production of normal, frozen ASG-derived offspring. Feasibility and simplicity of this methodology will call for an immediate application for real conservation of endangered wild salmonids.
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Nakamura Y, Kagami H, Tagami T. Development, differentiation and manipulation of chicken germ cells. Dev Growth Differ 2013; 55:20-40. [DOI: 10.1111/dgd.12026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2012] [Revised: 11/01/2012] [Accepted: 11/02/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hiroshi Kagami
- Faculty of Agriculture; Shinshu University; 8304; Minamiminowa; Nagano; 399-4598; Japan
| | - Takahiro Tagami
- Animal Breeding and Reproduction Research Division; NARO Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science; 2 Ikenodai; Tsukuba; Ibaraki; 305-0901; Japan
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Nagasawa K, Fernandes JMO, Yoshizaki G, Miwa M, Babiak I. Identification and migration of primordial germ cells in Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar: characterization of vasa, dead end, and lymphocyte antigen 75 genes. Mol Reprod Dev 2012. [PMID: 23239145 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.22142.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
No information exists on the identification of primordial germ cells (PGCs) in the super-order Protacanthopterygii, which includes the Salmonidae family and Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.), one of the most commercially important aquatic animals worldwide. In order to identify salmon PGCs, we cloned the full-length cDNA of vasa, dead end (dnd), and lymphocyte antigen 75 (ly75/CD205) genes as germ cell marker candidates, and analyzed their expression patterns in both adult and embryonic stages of Atlantic salmon. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR results showed that salmon vasa and dnd were specifically expressed in testis and ovary, and vasa, dnd, and ly75 mRNA were maternally deposited in the egg. vasa mRNA was consistently detected throughout embryogenesis while dnd and ly75 mRNA were gradually degraded during cleavages. In situ analysis revealed the localization of vasa and dnd mRNA and Ly75 protein in PGCs of hatched larvae. Whole-mount in situ hybridization detected vasa mRNA during embryogenesis, showing a distribution pattern somewhat different to that of zebrafish; specifically, at mid-blastula stage, vasa-expressing cells were randomly distributed at the central part of blastodisc, and then they migrated to the presumptive region of embryonic shield. Therefore, the typical vasa localization pattern of four clusters during blastulation, as found in zebrafish, was not present in Atlantic salmon. In addition, salmon PGCs could be specifically labeled with a green fluorescence protein (GFP) using gfp-rt-vasa 3'-UTR RNA microinjection for further applications. These findings may assist in understanding PGC development not only in Atlantic salmon but also in other salmonids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazue Nagasawa
- Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, University of Nordland, Bodø, Norway
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Hayashi M, Sato M, Iwasaki Y, Terasawa M, Tashiro M, Yokoyama S, Katayama N, Sadaie S, Miwa M, Yoshizaki G. Combining next-generation sequencing with microarray for transcriptome analysis in rainbow trout gonads. Mol Reprod Dev 2012; 79:870-8. [DOI: 10.1002/mrd.22127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2012] [Accepted: 10/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Qiu GF, Chen Y, Cui Z, Zhu XL. Localization of germline marker vasa homolog RNA to a single blastomere at early cleavage stages in the oriental river prawn Macrobrachium nipponense: evidence for germ cell specification by preformation. Gene 2012; 513:53-62. [PMID: 23154059 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2012.10.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2012] [Revised: 10/29/2012] [Accepted: 10/30/2012] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Germ cells are specified by the inheritance of maternal germline determinants (preformation mode) or inductive signals from somatic cells (epigenesis mode) during embryogenesis. However, the germline specification in decapod crustaceans is unclear so far. Using vasa homolog (MnVasa) as a germ cell marker, here we probed the early events of germline specification in the oriental river prawn Macrobrachium nipponense. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis of unfertilized eggs and embryos demonstrated that the prawn MnVasa mRNA is a maternal factor. Whole-mount in situ hybridization further indicated that MnVasa transcripts are maternally supplied to only one blastomere at the very early cleavage stages. As cleavage proceeds, the MnVasa-positive blastomere undergoes proliferation and increases in number. During gastrulation, the MnVasa-positive cells are found to be around a blastopore and could migrate into an embryo through the blastopore. At the zoea stage, clusters of the MnVasa-positive cells distribute not only in the gonad rudiment in the cephalothorax but also at an extragonadic site, dorsal to the posterior hindgut in the abdomen, suggesting that MnVasa-positive cells could migrate anteriorly to the genital rudiment through the hindgut. Based on the dynamic localization and number of MnVasa-positive cells during embryogenesis, we concluded that the MnVasa-positive cells are primordial germ cells (PGC) or founder cells of PGC that are separated from soma at the early cleavage stage. MnVasa mRNA might have a key function in the specification of the prawn germline cells as a maternal determinant. These results provide the first evidence that the germline specification in decapod crustaceans follows a preformation mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gao-Feng Qiu
- Key laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources Certificated by Ministry of Agriculture, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, 999 Hucheng Huan Road, Pudong New area, Shanghai 201306, PR China.
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