1
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Matsunaga K, Endo R, Nagasawa K, Kishida A, Takatori K. Synthesis of Succinonitrile Derivatives by Homocoupling from Cyanohydrin Derivatives with a Low-Valent Titanium Reagent. J Org Chem 2022; 87:3707-3711. [PMID: 35049306 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A method is described for synthesizing succinonitrile derivatives bearing alkyl or aryl substituents from cyanohydrin derivatives using low-valent titanium. The active species in this reaction is proposed to be a resonance hybrid of the TiIV nitrile enolate and TiIII alkyl radical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuma Matsunaga
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 2-522-1 Noshio, Kiyose, Tokyo 204-8588, Japan
| | - Ryusei Endo
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 2-522-1 Noshio, Kiyose, Tokyo 204-8588, Japan
| | - Kokoro Nagasawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 2-522-1 Noshio, Kiyose, Tokyo 204-8588, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kishida
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 2-522-1 Noshio, Kiyose, Tokyo 204-8588, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Takatori
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 2-522-1 Noshio, Kiyose, Tokyo 204-8588, Japan
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2
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Wang S, König B. Katalytische Erzeugung von Carbanionen durch Carbonyl‐Umpolung. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202105469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shun Wang
- Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie Universität Regensburg Universitätsstraße 31 93053 Regensburg Deutschland
| | - Burkhard König
- Fakultät für Chemie und Pharmazie Universität Regensburg Universitätsstraße 31 93053 Regensburg Deutschland
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3
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Wang S, König B. Catalytic Generation of Carbanions through Carbonyl Umpolung. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:21624-21634. [PMID: 33991000 PMCID: PMC8518712 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202105469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Carbonyl Umpolung is a powerful strategy in organic chemistry to construct complex molecules. Over the last few years, versatile catalytic approaches for the generation of acyl anion equivalents from carbonyl compounds have been developed, but methods to obtain alkyl carbanions from carbonyl compounds in a catalytic fashion are still at an early stage. This Minireview summarizes recent progress in the generation of alkyl carbanions through catalytic carbonyl Umpolung. Two different catalytic approaches can be utilized to enable the generation of alkyl carbanions from carbonyl compounds: the catalytic Wolff–Kishner reaction and the catalytic single‐electron reduction of carbonyl compounds and imines. We discuss the reaction scope, mechanistic insights, and synthetic applications of the methods as well as potential future developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Wang
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy University of Regensburg Universitaetsstrasse 31 93053 Regensburg Germany
| | - Burkhard König
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy University of Regensburg Universitaetsstrasse 31 93053 Regensburg Germany
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4
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Xia Q, Dong J, Song H, Wang Q. Visible‐Light Photocatalysis of the Ketyl Radical Coupling Reaction. Chemistry 2018; 25:2949-2961. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201804873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic ChemistryResearch Institute of, Elemento-Organic ChemistryCollege of ChemistryNankai University Tianjin 300071 P. R. China
| | - Jianyang Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic ChemistryResearch Institute of, Elemento-Organic ChemistryCollege of ChemistryNankai University Tianjin 300071 P. R. China
| | - Hongjian Song
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic ChemistryResearch Institute of, Elemento-Organic ChemistryCollege of ChemistryNankai University Tianjin 300071 P. R. China
| | - Qingmin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic ChemistryResearch Institute of, Elemento-Organic ChemistryCollege of ChemistryNankai University Tianjin 300071 P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering Tianjin 300071 P. R. China
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5
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Tsurugi H, Mashima K. A New Protocol to Generate Catalytically Active Species of Group 4-6 Metals by Organosilicon-Based Salt-Free Reductants. Chemistry 2018; 25:913-919. [PMID: 30047181 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201803181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we provide a new protocol to reduce various transition-metal complexes by using organosilicon compounds in a salt-free fashion with the great advantage of generating pure low-valent metal species and metallic(0) nanoparticles, in sharp contrast to reductant-derived salt contaminants obtained by reduction with metal reductants. The organosilicon derivatives 1,4-bis(trimethylsilyl)-2,5-cyclohexadiene (1 a), 1-methyl-3,6-bis(trimethylsilyl)-1,4-cyclohexadiene (1 b), 1,4-bis(trimethylsilyl)-1,4-diaza-2,5-cyclohexadiene (2 a), 2,5-dimethyl-1,4-bis(trimethylsilyl)-1,4-diaza-2,5-cyclohexadiene (2 b), 2,3,5,6-tetramethyl-1,4-bis(trimethylsilyl)-1,4-diaza-2,5-cyclohexadiene (2 c), and 1,1'-bis(trimethylsilyl)-1H,1'H-4,4'-bipyridinylidene (3) all served as versatile reductants for early transition-metal complexes and produced only easy-to-remove organic compounds, such as trimethylsilylated compounds and the corresponding aromatics, for example, benzene, toluene, pyrazine, and 4,4'-bipyridyl, as the byproducts. The high solubility of the reductants in organic solvents enabled us to monitor the catalytic reactions directly and to detect any catalytically active species so that we could elucidate the reaction mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayato Tsurugi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3, Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka, 5608531, Japan
| | - Kazushi Mashima
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3, Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka, Osaka, 5608531, Japan
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6
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Naktode K, Das S, Nayek HP, Panda TK. Imidazolin-2-iminato ligand supported titanium(IV) aryloxo complexes – Syntheses and structures. Inorganica Chim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2016.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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7
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Streuff J, Feurer M, Frey G, Steffani A, Kacprzak S, Weweler J, Leijendekker LH, Kratzert D, Plattner DA. Mechanism of the TiIII-Catalyzed Acyloin-Type Umpolung: A Catalyst-Controlled Radical Reaction. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:14396-405. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b09223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Streuff
- Institut für Organische
Chemie, ‡Institut
für Physikalische Chemie, and §Institut für Anorganische
und Analytische Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr.
21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Markus Feurer
- Institut für Organische
Chemie, ‡Institut
für Physikalische Chemie, and §Institut für Anorganische
und Analytische Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr.
21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Georg Frey
- Institut für Organische
Chemie, ‡Institut
für Physikalische Chemie, and §Institut für Anorganische
und Analytische Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr.
21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Alberto Steffani
- Institut für Organische
Chemie, ‡Institut
für Physikalische Chemie, and §Institut für Anorganische
und Analytische Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr.
21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sylwia Kacprzak
- Institut für Organische
Chemie, ‡Institut
für Physikalische Chemie, and §Institut für Anorganische
und Analytische Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr.
21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jens Weweler
- Institut für Organische
Chemie, ‡Institut
für Physikalische Chemie, and §Institut für Anorganische
und Analytische Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr.
21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Leonardus H. Leijendekker
- Institut für Organische
Chemie, ‡Institut
für Physikalische Chemie, and §Institut für Anorganische
und Analytische Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr.
21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Kratzert
- Institut für Organische
Chemie, ‡Institut
für Physikalische Chemie, and §Institut für Anorganische
und Analytische Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr.
21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Dietmar A. Plattner
- Institut für Organische
Chemie, ‡Institut
für Physikalische Chemie, and §Institut für Anorganische
und Analytische Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr.
21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
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8
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Luu HT, Wiesler S, Frey G, Streuff J. A Titanium(III)-Catalyzed Reductive Umpolung Reaction for the Synthesis of 1,1-Disubstituted Tetrahydroisoquinolines. Org Lett 2015; 17:2478-81. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b00987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hieu-Trinh Luu
- Institut für Organische
Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr.
21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Wiesler
- Institut für Organische
Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr.
21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Georg Frey
- Institut für Organische
Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr.
21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jan Streuff
- Institut für Organische
Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr.
21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
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9
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Frey G, Hausmann JN, Streuff J. Titanium-catalyzed reductive umpolung reactions with a metal-free terminal reducing agent. Chemistry 2015; 21:5693-6. [PMID: 25712472 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201500102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A new method for titanium-catalyzed reductive umpolung reactions is reported that overcomes the traditional requirement for a stoichiometric metallic reductant. With N,N'-disilylated tetramethyldihydropyrazine as a potent organic reducing agent, reductive carbonyl-nitrile, enone-acrylonitrile and pinacol coupling reactions can be achieved in good yields and stereoselectivities. [Cp2TiI2] is a superior catalyst to [Cp2TiCl2], which is rationalized by a faster generation of the active catalyst [Cp2TiI]. A mechanism is proposed that is in agreement with the experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georg Frey
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstraße 21, 79104 Freiburg (Germany), Fax: (+49) 761-203-8715
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10
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Gianino JB, Campos CA, Lepore AJ, Pinkerton DM, Ashfeld BL. Redox and Lewis Acid Relay Catalysis: A Titanocene/Zinc Catalytic Platform in the Development of Multicomponent Coupling Reactions. J Org Chem 2014; 79:12083-95. [DOI: 10.1021/jo501890z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph B. Gianino
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Catherine A. Campos
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Antonio J. Lepore
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - David M. Pinkerton
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Brandon L. Ashfeld
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
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11
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Streuff J. Reductive umpolung reactions with low-valent titanium catalysts. CHEM REC 2014; 14:1100-13. [PMID: 25234255 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201402058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The coupling of similarly polarized carbon fragments can be achieved by a reductive umpolung strategy. This gives access to compounds with functional groups in even bond distances, which are difficult to synthesize by other means. Low-valent titanium catalysts enable such couplings under mild conditions. This account covers the recent progress on this topic with a focus on the development of cross-selective coupling reactions and stereoselective examples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Streuff
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, D-79104, Freiburg, Germany.
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12
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Morcillo SP, Miguel D, Resa S, Martín-Lasanta A, Millán A, Choquesillo-Lazarte D, García-Ruiz JM, Mota AJ, Justicia J, Cuerva JM. Ti(III)-catalyzed cyclizations of ketoepoxypolyprenes: control over the number of rings and unexpected stereoselectivities. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:6943-51. [PMID: 24766517 DOI: 10.1021/ja411942h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We describe a new strategy to control the number of cyclization steps in bioinspired radical (poly)cyclizations involving epoxypolyenes containing keto units positioned along the polyene chain. This approach provides an unprecedentedly straightforward access to natural terpenoids with pendant unsaturated side chains. Additionally, in the case of bi- and tricyclizations, decalins with cis stereochemistry have been obtained as a consequence of the presence of the ketone. The preferential formation of cis-fused adducts was rationalized using DFT calculations. This result is completely unprecedented in biomimetic cyclizations and permits the access to natural terpenoids with this stereochemistry, as well as to non-natural analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara P Morcillo
- Department of Organic Chemistry and ‡Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada , C. U. Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
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13
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Saito T, Nishiyama H, Tanahashi H, Kawakita K, Tsurugi H, Mashima K. 1,4-Bis(trimethylsilyl)-1,4-diaza-2,5-cyclohexadienes as Strong Salt-Free Reductants for Generating Low-Valent Early Transition Metals with Electron-Donating Ligands. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:5161-70. [DOI: 10.1021/ja501313s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Teruhiko Saito
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, and CREST, JST, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Haruka Nishiyama
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, and CREST, JST, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Tanahashi
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, and CREST, JST, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Kento Kawakita
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, and CREST, JST, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Hayato Tsurugi
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, and CREST, JST, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Kazushi Mashima
- Department
of Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, and CREST, JST, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
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14
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Morcillo SP, Miguel D, Campaña AG, Álvarez de Cienfuegos L, Justicia J, Cuerva JM. Recent applications of Cp2TiCl in natural product synthesis. Org Chem Front 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3qo00024a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Titanocene(iii)-based approaches have been demonstrated to be useful in the straightforward syntheses of many natural products from readily available starting materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara P. Morcillo
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- University of Granada
- Granada 18071, Spain
| | - Delia Miguel
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- University of Granada
- Granada 18071, Spain
| | - Araceli G. Campaña
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- University of Granada
- Granada 18071, Spain
| | | | - José Justicia
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- University of Granada
- Granada 18071, Spain
| | - Juan M. Cuerva
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- University of Granada
- Granada 18071, Spain
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15
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Jiménez T, Morcillo SP, Martín-Lasanta A, Collado-Sanz D, Cárdenas DJ, Gansäuer A, Justicia J, Cuerva JM. Combining the Power of TiIII-Mediated Processes for Easy Access to Hydroxylated Polycyclic Terpenoids: Synthesis of Sesterstatin 1 and C-D Rings of Aspergilloxide. Chemistry 2012; 18:12825-33. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201201534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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16
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Jiménez T, Barea E, Oltra JE, Cuerva JM, Justicia J. Mn(0)-mediated chemoselective reduction of aldehydes. Application to the synthesis of α-deuterioalcohols. J Org Chem 2011; 75:7022-5. [PMID: 20845967 DOI: 10.1021/jo1015618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A mild, simple, safe, chemoselective reduction of different kinds of aldehydes to the corresponding alcohols mediated by the Mn dust/water system is described. In addition to this, the use of D(2)O leads to the synthesis of α-deuterated alcohols and constitutes an efficient, inexpensive alternative for the preparation of these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Jiménez
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University ofGranada, C. U. Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
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17
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Li YG, Jiang C, Zhao J, Tian QS, You TP. Enantioselective pinacol coupling of aromatic aldehydes mediated by TiCI4(THF)2/Zn with tartaric ester. CHINESE J CHEM 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.20040220915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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18
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Li YG, Jiang CS, Tian QS, Ke YP, You TP. Asymmetric pinacol coupling of aromatic aldehydes catalyzed by TiCl4(THF)2-Zn/chiral diamines. CHINESE J CHEM 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.20030211027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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19
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Gansäuer A, Shi L, Keller F, Karbaum P, Fan CA. Regiodivergent epoxide opening (REO) via electron transfer: control elements. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2010.03.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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20
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Fernández-Mateos A, Madrazo SE, Teijón PH, González RR. Titanocene-Promoted Eliminations on Epoxy Alcohols and Epoxy Esters. European J Org Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200901222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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21
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Gansäuer A, Greb A, Huth I, Worgull D, Knebel K. Formal total synthesis of (±)-fragranol via template catalyzed 4-exo cyclization. Tetrahedron 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2009.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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22
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23
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Gansäuer A, Worgull D, Knebel K, Huth I, Schnakenburg G. 4-exo-Cyclisierungen durch Templatkatalyse. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200904428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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24
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Gansäuer A, Worgull D, Knebel K, Huth I, Schnakenburg G. 4-exoCyclizations by Template Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009; 48:8882-5. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200904428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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25
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Gansäuer A, Ndene N, Lauterbach T, Justicia J, Winkler I, Mück-Lichtenfeld C, Grimme S. Titanocene catalyzed opening of oxetanes. Tetrahedron 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2008.08.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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26
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Hatano B, Nagahashi K, Habaue S. Reductive Coupling of Aromatic Dialkyl Acetals Using the Combination of Zinc and Chlorotrimethylsilane in the Presence of Potassium Carbonate. CHEM LETT 2007. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.2007.1418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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27
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Wen J, Tan Q, You T. Biphenyl-oxazoline ligands derived from β-DDB: Their synthesis and application in asymmetric pinacol coupling reaction. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcata.2006.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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28
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Larsen J, Rasmus Juel Enemærke,, Skrydstrup T, Daasbjerg K. Characterization of HMPA-Coordinated Titanium(III) Species in Solutions of Zinc-Reduced Titanocene Dihalides. Organometallics 2006. [DOI: 10.1021/om051086d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jens Larsen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aarhus, Langelandsgade 140, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Rasmus Juel Enemærke,
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aarhus, Langelandsgade 140, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Troels Skrydstrup
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aarhus, Langelandsgade 140, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Kim Daasbjerg
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aarhus, Langelandsgade 140, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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29
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Knoop C, Studer A. A New Method for the Generation of Titanium(III) Complexes and its Application in Pinacol Coupling Reactions. Adv Synth Catal 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.200505180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Barrero AF, Herrador MM, Quílez del Moral JF, Arteaga P, Arteaga JF, Piedra M, Sánchez EM. Reductive Coupling of Terpenic Allylic Halides Catalyzed by Cp2TiCl: A Short and Efficient Asymmetric Synthesis of Onocerane Triterpenes. Org Lett 2005; 7:2301-4. [PMID: 15932183 DOI: 10.1021/ol050335r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text] Titanocene chloride catalyzes the regioselective alpha,alpha'-homocoupling of terpenic allylic halides. This process has been employed in the short and effective synthesis of terpenoids such as beta-onoceradiene (1), beta-onocerin (2), and squalene (3). Evidence is presented for eta1-allyltitanium species being involved in the coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro F Barrero
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Granada, Avenida Fuentenueva, 18071 Granada, Spain.
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Meunier-Prest R, Lamblin G, Mailfert A, Raveau S. In situ spectroelectrochemical study of the reductive coupling of benzaldehyde catalyzed by Ti(III) complexes in the presence of Mg(II). J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-0728(02)01429-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Dunlap MS, Nicholas KM. Catalyst structural effects in titanocene-catalyzed pinacol coupling: activity, stereoselectivity and mechanistic implications. J Organomet Chem 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-328x(01)00892-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Is the trinuclear complex the true reducing species in the Cp2TiCl2/Mn- and Cp2TiCl2/Zn-promoted pinacol coupling? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s1387-1609(01)01259-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Sala GD, Lattanzi A, Severino T, Scettri A. The first application of titanocenes in the asymmetric oxidation of sulfides. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s1381-1169(01)00072-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Görls H, Scholz J. [(t-Bu-DAD)Ti(μ,η2-OCPh2)]2Mg(μ-Cl)2(THF): synthesis and molecular structure of a dimeric titanium ketone complex. J Organomet Chem 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-328x(01)00704-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Takai K, Morita R, Toratsu C. Stereoselective Cross Pinacol-Type Coupling betweenα,β-Unsaturated Ketones and Aldehydes Mediated by Chromium(II) and R3SiCl. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2001. [DOI: 10.1002/1521-3757(20010316)113:6<1150::aid-ange11500>3.0.co;2-v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Takai K, Morita R, Toratsu C. Stereoselective Cross Pinacol-Type Coupling between alpha,beta-Unsaturated Ketones and Aldehydes Mediated by Chromium(II) and R(3)SiCl Financial support by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Priority Area No. 706 from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan is gratefully acknowledged. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2001; 40:1116-1119. [PMID: 11268094 DOI: 10.1002/1521-3773(20010316)40:6<1116::aid-anie11160>3.0.co;2-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiko Takai
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering Okayama University, Tsushima, Okayama 700-8530 (Japan)
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Enders D, Ullrich EC. Asymmetric pinacol coupling of aromatic aldehydes with TiCl2/enantiopure amine or hydrazine reagents. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0957-4166(00)00379-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Halterman RL, Zhu C, Chen Z, Dunlap MS, Khan MA, Nicholas KM. Preparation of [2,5-Diisopropylcyclohexane-1,4- bis(indenyl)]titanium Dichloride and [2,5-Diisopropylcyclohexane-1,4-bis(tetrahydroindenyl)]- titanium Dichloride and Their Comparison as Catalysts for the Enantioselective Pinacol Coupling of Benzaldehyde. Organometallics 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/om0002982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ronald L. Halterman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 620 Parrington Oval, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019
| | - Chengjiang Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 620 Parrington Oval, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019
| | - Zhouliang Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 620 Parrington Oval, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019
| | - Melinda S. Dunlap
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 620 Parrington Oval, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019
| | - Masood A. Khan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 620 Parrington Oval, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019
| | - Kenneth M. Nicholas
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 620 Parrington Oval, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019
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Gansäuer A, Bluhm H. Reagent-controlled transition-metal-catalyzed radical reactions. Chem Rev 2000; 100:2771-88. [PMID: 11749305 DOI: 10.1021/cr9902648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 338] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Gansäuer
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie der Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Albertstr. 21, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mario Jeske
- Fakultät für Chemie der Universität Universitätsstraße 10, 78464 Konstanz, Deutschland, Fax: (+49) 7531‐884155
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Gansäuer A, Bauer D. A Novel Concept for Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Reactions: Electron Transfer under Buffered Protic Conditions. European J Org Chem 1998. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1099-0690(199811)1998:11<2673::aid-ejoc2673>3.0.co;2-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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