1
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Hydroalcoholic mixtures: the effect of the solvent on the electronic spectrum of the indicator methyl orange. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-021-02875-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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2
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Preferential solvation and perichromic behavior of the dyes indigo carmine, amaranth and tartrazine: Spectroscopic approach using binary mixtures. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.112295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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3
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Duereh A, Sato Y, Smith RL, Inomata H. Correspondence between Spectral-Derived and Viscosity-Derived Local Composition in Binary Liquid Mixtures Having Specific Interactions with Preferential Solvation Theory. J Phys Chem B 2018; 122:10894-10906. [PMID: 30403857 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b09511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Local interactions between unlike molecules (1-2) in solution are commonly measured with spectroscopy and used to estimate local composition. Herein, a viscosity model based on preferential solvation (PS) theory is developed for aqueous and nonaqueous binary liquid mixtures containing a dipolar aprotic solvent that provides local composition considering the hydration or solvation shell around complex (1-2) molecules. Spectral-derived and viscosity-derived local composition distributions showed similar trends with bulk composition, and their correspondence is attributed to characteristics of the hydration or solvation shell. Viscosity-derived local compositions were consistent with literature molecular simulations, whereas spectral-derived local composition distributions contained artifacts. The PS viscosity model is also applicable to nonpolar-polar mixtures for which self-association occurs, and it can be used to estimate solvent mixture dipolarity/polarizability. Since the PS viscosity model only requires bulk viscosity, it may provide a means to estimate microviscosity or the solvent environment around biomolecules.
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4
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Dangui AZ, Santos VMS, Gomes BS, de Castilho TS, Nicolini KP, Nicolini J. Preferential solvation bromophenol blue in water-alcohol binary mixture. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2018; 203:333-341. [PMID: 29885632 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2018.05.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the perichromic behavior of bromophenol blue (BPB) in various binary solvent mixtures was investigated. The binary mixtures considered were comprised of water and methanol (MeOH), ethanol (EtOH), n-propanol (n-PrOH), isopropanol (iso-PrOH) or t-butanol (t-BuOH). The investigation of a preferential solvation model that considers the addition of small quantities of alcohol to water in the presence of bromophenol blue (BPB) is described in this paper. The data obtained were employed to study the preferential solvation (PS) of the probe. It was observed that with increases in the molar fraction of water the spontaneity of the system decreases. This can be explained by the high solubility of BPB in ethanol, with ∆G > 0 at higher wavelengths (region rich in water with violet solution) and ∆G < 0 at lower wavelengths (region rich in alcohol with yellow solution). The pK of the binary mixture changed in all solvents and for all ratios, and the higher the water ratio is the lower the pKIn will be. In binary mixture, an increase in the hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA) nature of the solvents tested resulted in a bathochromic effect on the absorption band of BPB (Δλ = 12 nm). All of the data obtained showed a good nonlinear fit with the mathematical model (SD ≤ 6.6 × 10-3), suggesting that BPB has other potential applications besides its use as a pH indicator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anayana Z Dangui
- Instituto Federal do Paraná - IFPR, Lacoppi - Laboratório de Corantes e Processos Pirolíticos, Departamento de Química, Palmas, PR 85.555-000, Brazil
| | - Vanessa M S Santos
- Instituto Federal do Paraná - IFPR, Lacoppi - Laboratório de Corantes e Processos Pirolíticos, Departamento de Química, Palmas, PR 85.555-000, Brazil
| | - Benhur S Gomes
- Instituto Federal do Paraná - IFPR, Lacoppi - Laboratório de Corantes e Processos Pirolíticos, Departamento de Química, Palmas, PR 85.555-000, Brazil
| | - Taiane S de Castilho
- Instituto Federal do Paraná - IFPR, Lacoppi - Laboratório de Corantes e Processos Pirolíticos, Departamento de Química, Palmas, PR 85.555-000, Brazil
| | - Keller P Nicolini
- Instituto Federal do Paraná - IFPR, Lacoppi - Laboratório de Corantes e Processos Pirolíticos, Departamento de Química, Palmas, PR 85.555-000, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Nicolini
- Instituto Federal do Paraná - IFPR, Lacoppi - Laboratório de Corantes e Processos Pirolíticos, Departamento de Química, Palmas, PR 85.555-000, Brazil.
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5
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Binary mixtures of dimethyl sulfoxide with methanol, ethylene glycol, and glycerol as solvent: Solvatochromism and chemical kinetics study. J Mol Liq 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2018.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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6
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Duereh A, Sato Y, Smith RL, Inomata H. Spectroscopic Analysis of Binary Mixed-Solvent-Polyimide Precursor Systems with the Preferential Solvation Model for Determining Solute-Centric Kamlet–Taft Solvatochromic Parameters. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:14738-49. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b07751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alif Duereh
- Graduate
School of Engineering and ‡Graduate School of Environmental
Studies, Research Center of Supercritical Fluid Technology, Tohoku University, Aramaki Aza Aoba 6-6-11, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Sato
- Graduate
School of Engineering and ‡Graduate School of Environmental
Studies, Research Center of Supercritical Fluid Technology, Tohoku University, Aramaki Aza Aoba 6-6-11, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Richard Lee Smith
- Graduate
School of Engineering and ‡Graduate School of Environmental
Studies, Research Center of Supercritical Fluid Technology, Tohoku University, Aramaki Aza Aoba 6-6-11, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Inomata
- Graduate
School of Engineering and ‡Graduate School of Environmental
Studies, Research Center of Supercritical Fluid Technology, Tohoku University, Aramaki Aza Aoba 6-6-11, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
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7
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Harifi-Mood AR, Faramarzi F, Mehrabi Y. Investigation of Solvent Effects on the Reaction of 1-Fluoro-2,4-Dinitrobenzene with Aniline in Molecular-Molecular and Ionic Liquid–Molecular Solvent Mixtures. PROGRESS IN REACTION KINETICS AND MECHANISM 2015. [DOI: 10.3184/146867815x14212355041150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The solvent effects on the reaction of 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene with aniline was studied in various compositions of molecular-molecular solvent mixtures and molecular solvent-2-hydroxyethylammonium formate mixtures as media containing an ionic liquid. A mounting trend with the mole fraction of water in aqueous solution of alcohols up to a maximum at a mole fraction of 0.9 with respect to water was found, but a mild decrease with the mole fraction of ethyl acetate in methanol–ethyl acetate mixtures. A similar increasing trend was observed with increasing methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol and dimethylsulfoxide content in the mixtures containing the ionic liquid. Solvent effect investigations based on linear free energy relationship confirm that polarity has a major effect in molecular-molecular solvent mixtures, whereas polarity and hydrogen–bond acceptor ability were the dominant factors on reaction rate in molecular-ionic solvent mixtures. A nonlinear free energy relationship based on the preferential solvation hypothesis showed differences between the microsphere solvation of the solute and the bulk composition of the solvents. In these mixtures, the intermediate of the reaction was preferentially solvated by the ionic liquid.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Farnaz Faramarzi
- Department of Chemistry, Kharazmi University, PO Box 15719-14911, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yousef Mehrabi
- Department of Chemistry, Kharazmi University, PO Box 15719-14911, Tehran, Iran
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8
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Alarcón-Espósito J, Tapia RA, Contreras R, Campodónico PR. Changes in the SNAr reaction mechanism brought about by preferential solvation. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra20779g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
For model SNAr reactions in mixtures of acetonitrile and water, we found preferential solvation in favor of the aqueous phase.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ricardo A. Tapia
- Facultad de Química
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
- Santiago
- Chile
| | - Renato Contreras
- Departamento de Química
- Facultad de Ciencias
- Universidad de Chile
- Casilla 653-Santiago
- Chile
| | - Paola R. Campodónico
- Centro de Química Médica
- Facultad de Medicina
- Clínica Alemana
- Universidad del Desarrollo
- Santiago
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9
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Adam C, Bravo MV, Mancini PM. Molecular solvent effect on the acidity constant of protic ionic liquids. Tetrahedron Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2013.10.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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10
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Harifi-Mood AR, Mousavi-Tekmedash A. Linear and nonlinear free energy relationships in nucleophilic substitution reaction of 2-bromo-5-nitrothiophene with morpholine. INT J CHEM KINET 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/kin.20744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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11
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Farajtabar A, Jaberi F, Gharib F. Preferential solvation and solvation shell composition of free base and protonated 5, 10, 15, 20-tetrakis(4-sulfonatophenyl)porphyrin in aqueous organic mixed solvents. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2011; 83:213-220. [PMID: 21920804 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2011.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2011] [Revised: 07/31/2011] [Accepted: 08/10/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The solvatochromic properties of the free base and the protonated 5, 10, 15, 20-tetrakis(4-sulfonatophenyl)porphyrin (TPPS) were studied in pure water, methanol, ethanol (protic solvents), dimethylsulfoxide, DMSO, (non-protic solvent), and their corresponding aqueous-organic binary mixed solvents. The correlation of the empirical solvent polarity scale (E(T)) values of TPPS with composition of the solvents was analyzed by the solvent exchange model of Bosch and Roses to clarify the preferential solvation of the probe dyes in the binary mixed solvents. The solvation shell composition and the synergistic effects in preferential solvation of the solute dyes were investigated in terms of both solvent-solvent and solute-solvent interactions and also, the local mole fraction of each solvent composition was calculated in cybotactic region of the probe. The effective mole fraction variation may provide significant physico-chemical insights in the microscopic and molecular level of interactions between TPPS species and the solvent components and therefore, can be used to interpret the solvent effect on kinetics and thermodynamics of TPPS. The obtained results from the preferential solvation and solvent-solvent interactions have been successfully applied to explain the variation of equilibrium behavior of protonation of TPPS occurring in aqueous organic mixed solvents of methanol, ethanol and DMSO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Farajtabar
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Evin, Iran
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12
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Harifi-Mood AR, Jafarinejad A. Solvent Polarity, Hydrogen-Bonding and Solvophobicity Effects on the Nucleophilic Substitution of Benzenesulfonyl Chloride with Aniline in Aqueous and Non-Aqueous Solutions of Methanol. PROGRESS IN REACTION KINETICS AND MECHANISM 2011. [DOI: 10.3184/146867811x13103063831450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The reaction between benzensulfonyl chloride and aniline was studied in various compositions of methanol with ethyl acetate, propan-2-ol and water at 25° C. Second-order rate coefficients of this reaction were determined; those in pure solvents were in the order of water > methanol >propan-2-ol> ethyl acetate. Rates decreased sharply with the mole fraction of ethyl acetate in methanol- ethyl acetate mixtures and showed an increasing trend with water content in methanol-water mixtures. Linear free energy relationship regressions showed that the polarity, hydrogen-bond donor ability and hydrophobicity of the media were the main factors affecting the reaction rate coefficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Reza Harifi-Mood
- Department of Chemistry, Tarbiat Moallem University, P.O. Box 15719-14911, Kara, Iran
| | - Aazam Jafarinejad
- Department of Chemistry, Tarbiat Moallem University, P.O. Box 15719-14911, Kara, Iran
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13
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Navarro AM, García B, Hoyuelos FJ, Peñacoba IA, Leal JM. Preferential Solvation in Alkan-1-ol/Alkylbenzoate Binary Mixtures by Solvatochromic Probes. J Phys Chem B 2011; 115:10259-69. [DOI: 10.1021/jp202019x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana M. Navarro
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de Burgos, 09001 Burgos, Spain
| | - Begoña García
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de Burgos, 09001 Burgos, Spain
| | | | | | - José M. Leal
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de Burgos, 09001 Burgos, Spain
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14
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Jamali-Paghaleh J, Harifi-Mood AR, Gholami MR. Reaction kinetics investigation of 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene with substituted anilines in ethyl acetate-methanol mixtures using linear and nonlinear free energy relationships. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.1861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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15
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Harifi-Mood AR, Rahmati M, Gholami MR. Solvent polarity and hydrogen bond effects on nucleophilic substitution reaction of 2-bromo-5-nitrothiophene with piperidine. INT J CHEM KINET 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/kin.20547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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16
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Nudelman NS, Alvaro CES. Inter- and intramolecular hydrogen bonds in polyamines: variable-concentration 1
H-NMR studies. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.1832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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17
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Alvaro CES, Ayala AD, Nudelman NS. Hydrogen-bonded nucleophile effects in ANS: the reactions of 1-chloro and 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene with 2-guanidinobenzimidazole, 1-(2-aminoethyl)piperidine andN-(3-aminopropyl)morpholine in aprotic solvents. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.1712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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18
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Alvaro CES, Nudelman NS. The “dimer nucleophile mechanism” for reactions with rate-determining first step: Derivation of the whole kinetic law and further treatment of kinetic results. INT J CHEM KINET 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/kin.20523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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19
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Fortunato GG, Mancini PM, Bravo MV, Adam CG. New Solvents Designed on the Basis of the Molecular-Microscopic Properties of Binary Mixtures of the Type (Protic Molecular Solvent + 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium-Based Ionic Liquid). J Phys Chem B 2010; 114:11804-19. [DOI: 10.1021/jp103677q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Graciela G. Fortunato
- Departamento de Química, Área Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santiago del Estero 2829, (3000) Santa Fe, República Argentina
| | - Pedro M. Mancini
- Departamento de Química, Área Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santiago del Estero 2829, (3000) Santa Fe, República Argentina
| | - M. Virginia Bravo
- Departamento de Química, Área Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santiago del Estero 2829, (3000) Santa Fe, República Argentina
| | - Claudia G. Adam
- Departamento de Química, Área Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santiago del Estero 2829, (3000) Santa Fe, República Argentina
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20
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Riedel F, Spange S. A solvatochromic study of silicates and borate containing 4-nitrocatechol ligands. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.1468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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21
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Nunes N, Ventura C, Martins F. Modeling Preferential Solvation in Ternary Solvent Systems. J Phys Chem B 2009; 113:3071-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jp804157b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nélson Nunes
- Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa, R. Conselheiro Emídio Navarro 1, 1900-014 Lisboa, Portugal, Centro de Química e Bioquímica, Ed. C8, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal, Instituto Superior de Educação e Ciências, Alameda das Linhas de Torres 179, 1750 Lisboa, Portugal, and Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Ed. C8, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Cristina Ventura
- Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa, R. Conselheiro Emídio Navarro 1, 1900-014 Lisboa, Portugal, Centro de Química e Bioquímica, Ed. C8, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal, Instituto Superior de Educação e Ciências, Alameda das Linhas de Torres 179, 1750 Lisboa, Portugal, and Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Ed. C8, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Filomena Martins
- Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior de Engenharia de Lisboa, R. Conselheiro Emídio Navarro 1, 1900-014 Lisboa, Portugal, Centro de Química e Bioquímica, Ed. C8, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal, Instituto Superior de Educação e Ciências, Alameda das Linhas de Torres 179, 1750 Lisboa, Portugal, and Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Ed. C8, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
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22
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Pérez ADC, Mancini PM. Grouping of hydrogen-bond ability of pure solvents and their binary mixtures based on the similarity of their microscopic properties. Part 2. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.1450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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23
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24
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Microheterogeneities in binary solvent mixtures studied by electronic absorption spectra of a solvatochromic merocyanine dye. Chem Phys Lett 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2007.09.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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25
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Harifi-Mood AR, Habibi-Yangjeh A, Gholami MR. Solvent effects on kinetics of the reaction between 2-chloro-3,5-dinitropyridine and aniline in aqueous and alcoholic solutions of [bmim]BF4. INT J CHEM KINET 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/kin.20282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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26
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Alvaro CES, Nudelman NS. Role of hydrogen-bonded nucleophiles in aromatic nucleophilic substitutions in aprotic solvents. reactions of halonitrobenzenes with ethylenediamine, 3-dimethylamino-1-propylamine and histamine in toluene. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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27
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Tada EB, Silva PL, Tavares C, El Seoud OA. Thermo-solvatochromism of zwitterionic probes in aqueous aliphatic alcohols and in aqueous 2-alkoxyethanols: relevance to the enthalpies of activation of chemical reactions. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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28
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Mancini PM, Fortunato GG, Vottero LR. A mechanistic viewpoint of the reaction between 1-fluoro-2,6-dinitrobenzene and alicyclic amines in the ethyl acetate-chloroform system. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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29
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Mancini PM, Vottero LR. Molecular-microscopic characterization of 10 binary solvent mixtures based on solvatochromic reference solutes: a comparison of multiparametric empirical solvent scales. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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30
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Ray N, Bagchi S. Use of a Solvatochromic Probe for Study of Solvation in Ternary Solvent Mixture. J Phys Chem A 2004; 109:142-7. [PMID: 16839099 DOI: 10.1021/jp0456741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Solvation characteristics of 2,6-diphenyl-4-(2,4,6-triphenyl-1-pyridino)phenolate in completely miscible ternary solvent mixtures (viz., methanol + acetone + water, methanol + acetone + benzene, and methanol + chloroform + benzene) have been studied by using an electronic spectroscopic procedure. The transition energy (E) corresponding to the charge-transfer band maximum of the solute in a ternary solvent mixture differs significantly from the average E-values in the component solvents weighted by the mole fraction of the solvents. A two-phase model of solvation has been invoked to explain the results. The excess or deficit of solvent components in the local region of the solute molecule over that in the bulk has been estimated using the knowledge of solvation in binary solvent mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narayan Ray
- Department of Chemistry, Burdwan University, Burdwan-713 104, India
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31
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Ray N, Bagchi S. Fluorimetric study of solvation in ternary solvent mixtures. Ketocyanine dye in ethanol+benzene+water and ethanol+benzene+acetone. J Mol Liq 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2003.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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32
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Mancini PM, Fortunato GG, Vottero LR. Kinetics of the reactions between 1-fluoro-2,6-dinitrobenzene and pyrrolidine and piperidine in binary solvent systems: Influence of the nucleophile structure. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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33
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Pyridinium N-phenolate betaine dyes as empirical indicators of solvent polarity: Some new findings. PURE APPL CHEM 2004. [DOI: 10.1351/pac200476101903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Solutions of the zwitterionic betaine dye 4-(2,4,6-triphenylpyridinium-1-yl)-2,6-di- phenylphenolate are solvatochromic, thermochromic, piezochromic, and halochromic. That means the position of its longest-wavelength intramolecular charge-transfer absorption band depends on solvent polarity, solution temperature, external pressure, and the nature and concentration of added salts. The extraordinarily large negative solvatochromism of this standard betaine dye has been used to establish UV/vis spectroscopically an empirical scale of solvent polarity, called ET(30), respectively ETN scale, meanwhile known for many organic solvents and solvent mixtures. In this review, the solvatochromic properties of some new hydrophilic and lipophilic betaine dyes with better solubility in water (respectively, nonpolar solvents), as well as some recent applications of these betaine dyes in various fields of interest [e.g., microheterogeneous (micellar) and polymer solutions, chemical sensors, as well as surface polarity of silicas, aluminas, and cellulose derivatives] are described.
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Bentley TW, Koo IS. Role of hydroxyl concentrations in solvatochromic measures of solvent polarity of alcohols and alcohol–water mixtures—evidence that preferential solvation effects may be overestimated. Org Biomol Chem 2004; 2:2376-80. [PMID: 15305222 DOI: 10.1039/b408052c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
For single solvents, primary alcohols and water, there is a good linear correlation (r = 0.994) between the solvent polarity index ET(30) and the molar concentration of OH groups (or 1000/Vm, where Vm is the solvent molar volume). The corresponding correlations for alcohol-water mixtures are plots vs. the sum of molar concentrations of alcohol and water, alternatively expressed as plots of ET(30)vs. volume fraction. Our quantitative treatment is an extension of recent theoretical and experimental results. In contrast, previous studies of alcohol-water mixtures have relied on plots of ET(30)vs. mole fraction, and have overestimated the effect of preferential solvation of solvatochromic dyes by the more hydrophobic alcohols.
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Affiliation(s)
- T William Bentley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wales, Swansea, Singleton Park, Swansea, Wales, UK SA2 8PP.
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Tada EB, Silva PL, El Seoud OA. Thermo-solvatochromism of zwitterionic probes in aqueous alcohols: effects of the properties of the probe and the alcohol. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2003. [DOI: 10.1039/b308550c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Mancini PM, Fortunato G, Adam C, Vottero LR, Terenzani AJ. Specific and non-specific solvent effects on aromatic nucleophilic substitution. Kinetics of the reaction of 1-fluoro-2,6-dinitrobenzene and homopiperidine in binary solvent mixtures. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2002. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Ghoneim N. Study of the preferential solvation of some betaine dyes in binary solvent mixtures. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2001; 57:1877-1884. [PMID: 11506040 DOI: 10.1016/s1386-1425(01)00418-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The preferential solvation (PS) in mixed binary solvents, e.g. dichloromethane/acetonitrile, dichloromethane/methanol, acetonitrile/water has been studied by monitoring the charge transfer band of some betaine dyes. Since PS accounts for dielectric as well as specific interactions while dielectric enrichment only for the former, it was shown that in the case of dichloromethane/methanol, hydrogen bonding precedes dielectric enrichment whereas in the case of acetonitrile/water the inverse is true.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Ghoneim
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Fribourg, Switzerland.
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Reichardt C, Che D, Heckenkemper G, Schäfer G. Syntheses and UV/Vis-Spectroscopic Properties of Hydrophilic 2-, 3-, and 4-Pyridyl-Substituted Solvatochromic and Halochromic PyridiniumN-Phenolate Betaine Dyes as New Empirical Solvent Polarity Indicators. European J Org Chem 2001. [DOI: 10.1002/1099-0690(200106)2001:12<2343::aid-ejoc2343>3.0.co;2-i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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