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Yao G, Muhammad M, Zhao J, Liu J, Huang Q. DFT-based Raman spectral study of astaxanthin geometrical isomers. FOOD CHEMISTRY. MOLECULAR SCIENCES 2022; 4:100103. [PMID: 35769397 PMCID: PMC9235053 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochms.2022.100103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Astaxanthin is a carotenoid widely used in food additives, nutritional product and medicines, which shows many physiological functions such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-hypertensive and anti-diabetic activities. It has been recognized that astaxanthin has all-trans and nine cis isomers, and these geometrical isomers have very different biological activities. The process of selective enrichment, metabolism and isomerization of astaxanthin in animals remains to be studied. Therefore, identifying isomers and obtaining their structural parameters are important for understanding the active mechanism of different molecular isomers. Although the traditional methods such as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy can be used to distinguish these isomers, these methods generally require considerable testing time, cost, sample volume, and hardly be applied in vivo. In this work, Raman spectroscopy combined with density functional theory (DFT) calculation was introduced to study different geometrical isomers of astaxanthin. The theoretical and experimental Raman spectra are in agreement, and we have demonstrated that all the known ten geometrical isomers of astaxanthin can be readily distinguished using this spectroscopic approach. The astaxanthin molecular vibrational modes, geometric structures, energies of ten geometric isomers are systematically scrutinized. Moreover, a lot of structural and Raman problems unsolved previously have been solved by the DFT-based spectral analysis. Therefore, this work provides an effective way for identification of different astaxanthin geometrical isomers, and may have important significance for promoting the research of astaxanthin isomers on biological property mechanisms and related applications in food molecular science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guohua Yao
- CAS Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institute of Intelligent Agricuture, Institute of Intelligent Machines, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
- Key Laboratory of Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Muhammad Muhammad
- CAS Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institute of Intelligent Agricuture, Institute of Intelligent Machines, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Jiajiang Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institute of Intelligent Agricuture, Institute of Intelligent Machines, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Jianguo Liu
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Qing Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institute of Intelligent Agricuture, Institute of Intelligent Machines, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
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Maia LF, De Oliveira VE, Edwards HGM, De Oliveira LFC. The Diversity of Linear Conjugated Polyenes and Colours in Nature: Raman Spectroscopy as a Diagnostic Tool. Chemphyschem 2020; 22:231-249. [PMID: 33225557 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202000818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
This review is centered on the linear conjugated polyenes, which encompasses chromatic biomolecules, such as carotenoids, polyunsaturated aldehydes and polyolefinic fatty acids. The linear extension of the conjugated double bonds in these molecules is the main feature that determines the spectroscopic properties as light-absorbing. These classes of compounds are responsible for the yellow, orange, red and purple colors which are observed in their parent flora and fauna in nature. Raman spectroscopy has been used as analytical tool for the characterization of these molecules, mainly due to the strong light scattering produced by the delocalized pi electrons in the carbon chain. In addition, conjugated polyenes are one of the main target molecular species for astrobiology, and we also present a brief discussion of the use of Raman spectroscopy as one of the main analytical tools for the detection of polyenes extra-terrestrially.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenize F Maia
- Núcleo de Espectroscopia e Estrutura Molecular, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Campus Universitário s/n - Martelos, Juiz de Fora-MG, 36033-620, Brazil
| | - Vanessa E De Oliveira
- Departamento de Ciências da Natureza, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Campus Universitário de Rio das Ostras, Rua Recife, Lotes 1-7, Jardim Bela Vista, Rio das Ostras, RJ, 28895-532, Brazil
| | - Howell G M Edwards
- School of Chemistry and Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, West Yorkshire, BD7 1DP, United Kingdom
| | - Luiz Fernando C De Oliveira
- Núcleo de Espectroscopia e Estrutura Molecular, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Campus Universitário s/n - Martelos, Juiz de Fora-MG, 36033-620, Brazil
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Fiedor L, Dudkowiak A, Pilch M. The origin of the dark S 1 state in carotenoids: a comprehensive model. J R Soc Interface 2019; 16:20190191. [PMID: 31480924 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2019.0191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
In carotenoids, by analogy to polyenes, the symmetry of the π-electron system is often invoked to explain their peculiar electronic features, in particular the inactivity of the S0 → S1 transition in one-photon excitation. In this review, we verify whether the molecular symmetry of carotenoids and symmetry of their π-electron system are supported in experimental and computational studies. We focus on spectroscopic techniques which are sensitive to the electron density distribution, including the X-ray crystallography, electronic absorption, two-photon techniques, circular dichroism, nuclear magnetic resonance, Stark and vibrational spectroscopies, and on this basis we seek for the origin of inactivity of the S1 state. We come across no experimental and computational evidence for the symmetry effects and the existence of symmetry restrictions on the electronic states of carotenoids. They do not possess an inversion centre and the C2h symmetry approximation of carotenoid structure is by no means justified. In effect, the application of symmetry rules (and notification) to the electronic states of carotenoids in this symmetry group may lead to a wrong interpretation of experimental data. This conclusion together with the results summarized in the review allows us to advance a consistent model that explains the inactivity of the S0 → S1 transition. Within this model, S1 is never accessible from S0 due to the negative synergy of (i) the contributions of double excitations of very low probability, which elevate S1 energy, and (ii) a non-verticality of the S0 → S1 transition, due to the breaking of Born-Oppenheimer approximation. Certainly, our simple model requires a further experimental and theoretical verification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leszek Fiedor
- Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Alina Dudkowiak
- Faculty of Technical Physics, Poznan University of Technology, Piotrowo 3, 60965 Poznan, Poland
| | - Mariusz Pilch
- Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30387 Kraków, Poland.,Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30387 Kraków, Poland
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Pendon ZD, Sullivan JO, van der Hoef I, Lugtenburg J, Cua A, Bocian DF, Birge RR, Frank HA. Stereoisomers of carotenoids: spectroscopic properties of locked and unlocked cis-isomers of spheroidene. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2005; 86:5-24. [PMID: 16172922 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-005-1205-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2004] [Accepted: 01/24/2005] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
A systematic optical spectroscopic and computational investigation of a series of locked-cis-isomers of spheroidene has been carried out with the goal being to better understand the relationships between stereochemistry, photochemistry, photophysics and biological function of geometric isomers of carotenoids. The spectroscopic properties of 15,15'-locked-cis-spheroidene, 13,14-locked-cis-spheroidene, 11, 12-locked-cis-spheroidene in solution are compared with those observed for unlocked spheroidene. The locked-cis bonds are incapable of undergoing cis-to-trans isomerization and therefore provide an effective means of exploring the relationship between specific stereoisomers and molecular spectroscopy. Samples of the molecules were purified using a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) apparatus equipped with a diode array detector, which records the absorption spectra immediately as the molecules emerge from the column and prior to any isomerization that might occur. For several stable isomers, resonance Raman (rR) spectroscopy was carried out to assign their configurations. Quantum computations of absorption spectra were performed using ZINDO/S and also MNDO-PSDCI methods employing nearly full single and double configuration interaction within the pi-electron manifold. Also, for a few test cases, ground state minimizations were done using density functional methods (B3LYP/6-31G(d)). The MNDO-PSDCI methods coupled with the density functional ground state minimization provide an accurate assignment of the positions of the 2(1)Ag - , 1(1)Bu +, and 1(1)Ag + excited states and also address the nature of the forbidden 1(1)Bu - state, whose location is uncertain for polyenes and carotenoids. We demonstrate that the configurational description of the 1(1)Bu - state is sufficiently unique to preclude assignment of its energy based on the characterization of surrounding excited singlet states. The experimental and computational data also offer important insights into the photochemical and photophysical properties of stereoisomers of carotenoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeus D Pendon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, CT 06269-3060, USA
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Polívka T, Sundström V. Ultrafast dynamics of carotenoid excited States-from solution to natural and artificial systems. Chem Rev 2004; 104:2021-71. [PMID: 15080720 DOI: 10.1021/cr020674n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 641] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomás Polívka
- Department of Chemical Physics, Lund University, Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden.
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Mukai-Kuroda Y, Fujii R, Ko-chi N, Sashima T, Koyama Y, Abe M, Gebhard R, van der Hoef I, Lugtenburg J. Changes in Molecular Structure upon Triplet Excitation of All-trans-Spheroidene in n-Hexane Solution and 15-cis-Spheroidene Bound to the Photo-Reaction Center from Rhodobacter sphaeroides As Revealed by Resonance-Raman Spectroscopy and Normal-Coordinate Analysis. J Phys Chem A 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/jp0130822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Motoko Abe
- Department of Domestic Science, Shoin Women's College, Obanoyama-cho, Shinohara, Nadaku, Kobe 657-0015, Japan
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Fujii R, Furuichi K, Zhang JP, Nagae H, Hashimoto H, Koyama Y. Cis-to-trans Isomerization of Spheroidene in the Triplet State as Detected by Time-Resolved Absorption Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem A 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/jp011309n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ritsuko Fujii
- Faculty of Science, Kwansei Gakuin University, Gakuen, Sanda 669-1337, Japan, Kobe City University of Foreign Studies, Gakuen-Higashimachi, Nishi-ku, Kobe 651-2187, Japan, and Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Shizuoka University, Johoku, Hamamatsu 432-8561, Japan
| | - Kentaro Furuichi
- Faculty of Science, Kwansei Gakuin University, Gakuen, Sanda 669-1337, Japan, Kobe City University of Foreign Studies, Gakuen-Higashimachi, Nishi-ku, Kobe 651-2187, Japan, and Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Shizuoka University, Johoku, Hamamatsu 432-8561, Japan
| | - Jian-Ping Zhang
- Faculty of Science, Kwansei Gakuin University, Gakuen, Sanda 669-1337, Japan, Kobe City University of Foreign Studies, Gakuen-Higashimachi, Nishi-ku, Kobe 651-2187, Japan, and Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Shizuoka University, Johoku, Hamamatsu 432-8561, Japan
| | - Hiroyoshi Nagae
- Faculty of Science, Kwansei Gakuin University, Gakuen, Sanda 669-1337, Japan, Kobe City University of Foreign Studies, Gakuen-Higashimachi, Nishi-ku, Kobe 651-2187, Japan, and Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Shizuoka University, Johoku, Hamamatsu 432-8561, Japan
| | - Hideki Hashimoto
- Faculty of Science, Kwansei Gakuin University, Gakuen, Sanda 669-1337, Japan, Kobe City University of Foreign Studies, Gakuen-Higashimachi, Nishi-ku, Kobe 651-2187, Japan, and Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Shizuoka University, Johoku, Hamamatsu 432-8561, Japan
| | - Yasushi Koyama
- Faculty of Science, Kwansei Gakuin University, Gakuen, Sanda 669-1337, Japan, Kobe City University of Foreign Studies, Gakuen-Higashimachi, Nishi-ku, Kobe 651-2187, Japan, and Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Shizuoka University, Johoku, Hamamatsu 432-8561, Japan
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Polívka T, Zigmantas D, Frank HA, Bautista JA, Herek JL, Koyama Y, Fujii R, Sundström V. Near-Infrared Time-Resolved Study of the S1 State Dynamics of the Carotenoid Spheroidene. J Phys Chem B 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/jp002206s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomáš Polívka
- Department of Chemical Physics, Lund University, Box 124, S-221 00 Lund, Sweden, Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, U-60, 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, and Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kwansei Gakuin University, Uegahara, Nishinomiya 662-8501, Japan
| | - Donatas Zigmantas
- Department of Chemical Physics, Lund University, Box 124, S-221 00 Lund, Sweden, Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, U-60, 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, and Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kwansei Gakuin University, Uegahara, Nishinomiya 662-8501, Japan
| | - Harry A. Frank
- Department of Chemical Physics, Lund University, Box 124, S-221 00 Lund, Sweden, Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, U-60, 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, and Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kwansei Gakuin University, Uegahara, Nishinomiya 662-8501, Japan
| | - James A. Bautista
- Department of Chemical Physics, Lund University, Box 124, S-221 00 Lund, Sweden, Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, U-60, 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, and Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kwansei Gakuin University, Uegahara, Nishinomiya 662-8501, Japan
| | - Jennifer L. Herek
- Department of Chemical Physics, Lund University, Box 124, S-221 00 Lund, Sweden, Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, U-60, 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, and Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kwansei Gakuin University, Uegahara, Nishinomiya 662-8501, Japan
| | - Yasushi Koyama
- Department of Chemical Physics, Lund University, Box 124, S-221 00 Lund, Sweden, Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, U-60, 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, and Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kwansei Gakuin University, Uegahara, Nishinomiya 662-8501, Japan
| | - Ritsuko Fujii
- Department of Chemical Physics, Lund University, Box 124, S-221 00 Lund, Sweden, Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, U-60, 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, and Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kwansei Gakuin University, Uegahara, Nishinomiya 662-8501, Japan
| | - Villy Sundström
- Department of Chemical Physics, Lund University, Box 124, S-221 00 Lund, Sweden, Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, U-60, 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3060, and Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kwansei Gakuin University, Uegahara, Nishinomiya 662-8501, Japan
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Fujii R, Onaka K, Kuki M, Koyama Y, Watanabe Y. The 2Ag− energies of all-trans-neurosporene and spheroidene as determined by fluorescence spectroscopy. Chem Phys Lett 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0009-2614(98)00376-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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