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Xu C, Lin Q, Shan C, Han X, Wang H, Wang H, Zhang W, Chen Z, Guo C, Xie Y, Yu X, Song B, Song H, Wojtas L, Li X. Metallo‐Supramolecular Octahedral Cages with Three Types of Chirality towards Spontaneous Resolution. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202203099. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202203099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Xu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and Technology Zhenjiang Jiangsu 212100 China
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
| | - Quanjie Lin
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
| | - Chuan Shan
- Department of Chemistry University of South Florida Tampa FL 33620 USA
| | - Xin Han
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou Henan 450001 China
| | - Hao Wang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and Technology Zhenjiang Jiangsu 212100 China
| | - Heng Wang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
- Shenzhen University General Hospital Shenzhen University Clinical Medical Academy Shenzhen Guangdong 518071 China
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou Henan 450001 China
| | - Zhi Chen
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
| | - Chenxing Guo
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
| | - Yinghao Xie
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
| | - Xiujun Yu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
| | - Bo Song
- Department of Chemistry Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Heng Song
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and Technology Zhenjiang Jiangsu 212100 China
| | - Lukasz Wojtas
- Department of Chemistry University of South Florida Tampa FL 33620 USA
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
- Shenzhen University General Hospital Shenzhen University Clinical Medical Academy Shenzhen Guangdong 518071 China
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2
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Xu C, Lin Q, Shan C, Han X, Wang H, Wang H, Zhang W, Chen Z, Guo C, Xie Y, Yu X, Song B, Song H, Wojtas L, Li X. Metallo‐Supramolecular Octahedral Cages with Three Types of Chirality towards Spontaneous Resolution. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202203099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Xu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and Technology Zhenjiang Jiangsu 212100 China
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
| | - Quanjie Lin
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
| | - Chuan Shan
- Department of Chemistry University of South Florida Tampa FL 33620 USA
| | - Xin Han
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou Henan 450001 China
| | - Hao Wang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and Technology Zhenjiang Jiangsu 212100 China
| | - Heng Wang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
- Shenzhen University General Hospital Shenzhen University Clinical Medical Academy Shenzhen Guangdong 518071 China
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou Henan 450001 China
| | - Zhi Chen
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
| | - Chenxing Guo
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
| | - Yinghao Xie
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
| | - Xiujun Yu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
| | - Bo Song
- Department of Chemistry Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 USA
| | - Heng Song
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and Technology Zhenjiang Jiangsu 212100 China
| | - Lukasz Wojtas
- Department of Chemistry University of South Florida Tampa FL 33620 USA
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen Guangdong 518055 China
- Shenzhen University General Hospital Shenzhen University Clinical Medical Academy Shenzhen Guangdong 518071 China
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3
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Dorel R, de Mendoza P, Calleja P, Pascual S, González‐Cantalapiedra E, Cabello N, Echavarren AM. Synthesis of a Crushed Fullerene C60H24 through Sixfold Palladium-Catalyzed Arylation. European J Org Chem 2016; 2016:3171-3176. [PMID: 27774038 PMCID: PMC5053240 DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201600311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of a new C3v -symmetric crushed fullerene C60H24 (5) has been accomplished in three steps from truxene through sixfold palladium-catalyzed intramolecular arylation of a syn-trialkylated truxene precursor. Laser irradiation of 5 induces cyclodehydrogenation processes that result in the formation of C60, as detected by LDI-MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Dorel
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ)Barcelona Institute of Science and TechnologyAv. Països Catalans 1643007TarragonaSpain
| | - Paula de Mendoza
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ)Barcelona Institute of Science and TechnologyAv. Països Catalans 1643007TarragonaSpain
| | - Pilar Calleja
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ)Barcelona Institute of Science and TechnologyAv. Països Catalans 1643007TarragonaSpain
| | - Sergio Pascual
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ)Barcelona Institute of Science and TechnologyAv. Països Catalans 1643007TarragonaSpain
| | - Esther González‐Cantalapiedra
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ)Barcelona Institute of Science and TechnologyAv. Països Catalans 1643007TarragonaSpain
| | - Noemí Cabello
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ)Barcelona Institute of Science and TechnologyAv. Països Catalans 1643007TarragonaSpain
| | - Antonio M. Echavarren
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ)Barcelona Institute of Science and TechnologyAv. Països Catalans 1643007TarragonaSpain
- Departament de Química Orgànica i AnalíticaUniversitat Rovira i VirgiliC/ Marcel·lí Domingo s/n43007TarragonaSpain
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4
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Zhang G, Rominger F, Mastalerz M. Fused π-Extended Truxenes via a Threefold Borylation as the Key Step. Chemistry 2016; 22:3084-93. [PMID: 26833764 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201504621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
On the basis of a threefold borylated truxene, which is accessible in high yields by iridium-catalyzed borylation under CH-activation, fused π-extended truxenes have been synthesized by a two-step method of first Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction and subsequent condensation reaction. The mild condensation method tolerates the presence of a variety of functional groups, such as nitro, fluoro, or carboxyl moieties. Furthermore, by using this approach, N- and S-heteroarene analogues become accessible for the first time, as well as larger structures that represent derivatives of precursors for fullerene C60 or buckybowls. The attached tert-butyl groups make all derivatives sufficiently soluble to allow full spectroscopic and electrochemical investigations. Postfunctionalization of selected derivatives for further synthetic applications of the compounds is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Zhang
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frank Rominger
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Mastalerz
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 270, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
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5
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Dubceac C, Filatov AS, Zabula AV, Rogachev AY, Petrukhina MA. Functionalized corannulene carbocations: a structural overview. Chemistry 2015. [PMID: 26224357 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201500697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A detailed structural overview of a family of bowl-shaped polycyclic aromatic carbocations of the type [C20 H10 R](+) with different R functionalities tethered to the interior surface of corannulene (C20 H10 ) is provided. Changing the identity of the surface-bound groups through alkyl chains spanning from one to four carbon atoms and incorporating a different degree of halogenation has led to the fine tuning of the bowl structures and properties. The deformation of the corannulene core upon functionalization has been revealed based on X-ray crystallographic analysis and compared for the series of cations with R=CH3 , CH2 Cl, CHCl2 , CCl3 , CH2 CH3 , CH2 CH2 Cl, and CH2 CH2 Br. The resulting carbocations have been isolated with several metal-based counterions, varying in size and coordinating abilities ([AlCl4 ](-) , [AlBr4 ](-) , [(SnCl)(GaCl4 )2 ](-) , and [Al(OC(CF3 )3 )4 ](-) ). A variety of aggregation patterns in the solid state has been revealed based on different intermolecular interactions ranging from cation-anion to π-π stacking and to halogen⋅⋅⋅π interactions. For the [C20 H10 CH2 Cl](+) ion crystallized with several different counterions, the conformation of the R group attached to the central five-membered ring of corannulene moiety was found to depend on the solid-state environment defined by the identity of anions. Solution NMR and UV/Vis investigations have been used to complement the X-ray diffraction studies for this series of corannulene-based cations and to demonstrate their different association patterns with the solvent molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Dubceac
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY 12222 (USA), Fax: (+1) 518-442-3462
| | - Alexander S Filatov
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY 12222 (USA), Fax: (+1) 518-442-3462
| | - Alexander V Zabula
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706 (USA)
| | - Andrey Yu Rogachev
- Department of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL 60616 (USA)
| | - Marina A Petrukhina
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY 12222 (USA), Fax: (+1) 518-442-3462.
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6
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Jin T, Zhao J, Asao N, Yamamoto Y. Metal-catalyzed annulation reactions for π-conjugated polycycles. Chemistry 2014; 20:3554-76. [PMID: 24591267 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201304640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The progress of the metal-catalyzed annulation reactions toward construction of various π-conjugated polycyclic cores with high conjugation extension is described. This article gives a brief overview of various annulation reactions promoted by metal catalysts including C-H bond functionalization, [2+2+2] cycloaddition, cascade processes, ring closing metathesis, electrophilic aromatization, and various cross-coupling reactions. A variety of conjugated polycycles with planar, bowl-shaped, and helical structures have been constructed in high efficiency and selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tienan Jin
- WPI-Advanced Institute for Materials Research (WPI-AIMR), Tohoku University, 2-1-1, Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8577 (Japan).
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7
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Gomez-Esteban S, Pezella M, Domingo A, Hennrich G, Gómez-Lor B. Solvent-Dependent Truxene-Based Nanostructures. Chemistry 2013; 19:16080-6. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201301069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2013] [Revised: 07/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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8
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Mueller A, Amsharov KY. Synthesis of Precursors for Large-Diameter Hemispherical Buckybowls and Precursors for Short Carbon Nanotubes. European J Org Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201200841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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9
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Livendahl M, Echavarren AM. Palladium-Catalyzed Arylation Reactions: A Mechanistic Perspective. Isr J Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201000040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Lai WY, Xia R, Bradley D, Huang W. 2,3,7,8,12,13-Hexaaryltruxenes: An ortho-Substituted Multiarm Design and Microwave-Accelerated Synthesis toward Starburst Macromolecular Materials with Well-Defined π Delocalization. Chemistry 2010; 16:8471-9. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201000168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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11
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Boshta N, Bomkamp M, Schnakenburg G, Waldvogel S. Stereoselective Formation of Triphenylene Ketals. Chemistry 2010; 16:3459-66. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200903249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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12
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Saá J, Yañez M. On the “Gluing” Effect of Lithium: The Lithium-Driven Assembly of Circum-Arranged, Edge-Fused Cyclopentadienyl Lithium Compounds and Aza Analogues. Chemistry 2009; 15:3123-9. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200801057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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13
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García-Frutos EM, Gómez-Lor B, Monge A, Gutiérrez-Puebla E, Alkorta I, Elguero J. Synthesis and preferred all-syn conformation of C3-symmetrical N-(hetero)arylmethyl triindoles. Chemistry 2008; 14:8555-61. [PMID: 18680132 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200800911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A new series of C(3)-symmetrical N-(hetero)arylmethyl triindoles has been synthesized in a straightforward procedure. The structure and conformation in the solid state have been determined for three derivatives (3, 4, and 6) by X-ray crystallographic analysis. In all three cases, the molecules adopt a tripodal conformation with all of the flexible arms directed towards the same side, thereby delimiting an inner cavity. Compound 6 crystallizes and forms C(3)-symmetric dimeric cagelike complexes. Guest molecules of chloroform and water are confined within the resulting cavities with stabilization by different intermolecular interactions; this highlights the potential of these compounds in the construction of supramolecular systems. A computational analysis has been performed to predict the most stable conformers. As a general trend, a preference for a conformation with all branches directed to the same side has been predicted. Comparison between theoretical and experimental results indicates that the computational level selected for the present study, B3LYP/6-31G*, is able to reproduce both the minimum energy conformations and the rotation barriers about the N--CH(2) bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva M García-Frutos
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain
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14
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Pérez E, Sierra M, Sánchez L, Torres M, Viruela R, Viruela P, Ortí E, Martín N. Concave Tetrathiafulvalene-Type Donors as Supramolecular Partners for Fullerenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200604327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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15
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Pérez EM, Sierra M, Sánchez L, Torres MR, Viruela R, Viruela PM, Ortí E, Martín N. Concave Tetrathiafulvalene-Type Donors as Supramolecular Partners for Fullerenes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007; 46:1847-51. [PMID: 17450611 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200604327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emilio M Pérez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de C. C. Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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16
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Gómez-Lor B, Hennrich G, Alonso B, Monge A, Gutierrez-Puebla E, Echavarren AM. A Redox-ActiveC3-Symmetric Triindole-Based Triazacyclophane. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200600526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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17
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Gómez-Lor B, Hennrich G, Alonso B, Monge A, Gutierrez-Puebla E, Echavarren AM. A Redox-ActiveC3-Symmetric Triindole-Based Triazacyclophane. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2006; 45:4491-4. [PMID: 16770824 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200600526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Berta Gómez-Lor
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, Cantoblanco, 20849 Madrid, Spain.
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18
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Martín-Matute B, Mateo C, Cárdenas DJ, Echavarren AM. Intramolecular C-H activation by alkylpalladium(II) complexes: insights into the mechanism of the palladium-catalyzed arylation reaction. Chemistry 2001; 7:2341-8. [PMID: 11446637 DOI: 10.1002/1521-3765(20010601)7:11<2341::aid-chem23410>3.0.co;2-s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The cyclization of [ArOCH2PdL2Cl] complexes proceeds at room temperature in CH3CN in the presence of base, such as KOPh or carbonate, to form palladacycles. The effect of substituents on the aryl moiety (p-MeO > H >p-NO2) is as expected for an electrophilic aromatic substitution by electrophilic Pd(II). The absence of isotopic effect is also consistent with this proposal. Cyclopalladation proceeds with bidentate ligands (dppf, COD and phen); although the C-H activation reactions are slower in these cases. The starting [ArOCH2Pd(PPh3)2Cl] and [ArOCH2Pd(PPh3)Cl]2 complexes were prepared by transmetalation of organostannanes [(ArOCH2)4Sn] with [Pd(PPh3)2Cl2] or [Pd(PPh3)Cl2]2, respectively. Cleavage of palladacycles with HCl also gave [ArOCH2PdL2Cl] complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Martín-Matute
- Dpto Química Orgánica (C-I), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
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