Five-loop coil occlusion of patent ductus arteriosus prevents recurrence of shunt at follow-up

Transvenous embolization of moderate to large patent ductus arteriosus in dogs using the Amplatzer vascular plug II

BACKGROUND

Catheter-based occlusion of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) can be performed using different devices. Transvenous embolization using the Amplatzer vascular plug II (AVP-II) has been studied in humans, but it has not been described in dogs.

OBJECTIVE

Evaluate the feasibility and success of transvenous embolization of PDA using the AVP-II in dogs.

ANIMALS

Nineteen client-owned dogs with left-to-right shunting PDA, with minimal ductal diameter >2.5 mm.

METHODS

Prospective observational study using AVP-II with transvenous access for PDA closure in dogs.

RESULTS

Angiography showed a conical ductus with a long (n = 17) or short (n = 2) ampulla. The minimal diameter of the duct was 4.34 ± 1.11 mm, and the maximal diameter of the ampulla was 13.18 ± 3.47 mm. Technical success was achieved in 18 of the 19 (94.7%) patients after the first intervention and in all 19 (100%) patients after the second intervention. Postrelease angiography documented complete occlusion of the PDA in 10 of 19 (52.6%) dogs. Mild flow acceleration or stenosis of the left pulmonary artery was found in 6 and 1 of the 17 analyzed cases, respectively, by Doppler examination. The closure rate 24 hours after intervention was 94.7% (18/19). The remaining dog had a moderate residual shunt, and delayed complete closure after 3 months led to a 100% closure rate.

CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE

The AVP-II is a safe and effective device for transvenous embolization in dogs with moderate to large PDA.

The Journey of an Indian Pediatric Cardiologist : Dr. K. C. Chaudhuri Lifetime Achievement Award/Oration at AIIMS, New Delhi, September 2017

The life journey of an Indian pediatric cardiologist, who bestowed considerable attention to the development of new knowledge and train/teach physicians around the world while providing care of patients with heart disease over a 45-y period, is reviewed. This appraisal focuses particular attention on the scientific contributions to the literature. These include spontaneous closure of physiologically advantageous ventricular septal defects, various issues related to a congenital heart defect namely, tricuspid atresia and transcatheter and, interventional pediatric cardiac procedures.

Outcome of percutaneous transarterial coil occlusion in patients with isolated patent ductus arteriosus using an upstream-and-push maneuver

BACKGROUND

There are limited data on the outcome of percutaneous transarterial coil occlusion for isolated patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in Taiwan. This study evaluated the 2-year outcome of 52 patients with isolated PDA who received percutaneous transarterial coil occlusion by an upstream-and-push maneuver.

METHODS

From July 1997 to June 2002, a total of 52 patients (25 infants, 27 children) underwent occlusion of PDA with standard Gianturco coils. There were 39 females and 13 males. Patient age ranged between 7 days and 14 years, and weight was between 3 and 45 kg. Percutaneous transarterial coil occlusion was performed by an upstream-and-push maneuver. Chest auscultations, chest radiographs, and Doppler echocardiography were performed in all patients within 24 hours, and 1, 3, 6, 12 and 24 months after coil occlusion.

RESULTS

Mean PDA diameter at the pulmonary end was 2.34 +/- 1.00 mm (range, 1.00-4.80 mm). Angiographic classification was megaphone type in 32 patients, window type in seven, tubular type in six, aneurysmal type in three, and elongated conical type in four. Complete PDA occlusion was performed with a single coil in 41 (79%) patients and with multiple coils in 11 (21%). The mean ratio of pulmonary to systemic blood flow was 1.95 +/- 0.95 (range, 1.10-5.80) before the procedure, and 1.02 +/- 0.04 (range, 1.00-1.20) after the procedure (p < 0.001). Immediate occlusion of the ductus was achieved 15 minutes after the procedure in 44 (85%) patients. Occlusion was achieved in 92% of patients within 24 hours and in 100% of patients by the 1-month follow-up. Follow-up at 24 months after the procedure revealed no complications.

CONCLUSION

Percutaneous transarterial coil occlusion with 5-loop Gianturco coils can be effectively and safely achieved in patients with a PDA minimum diameter < 5 mm.

The Sideris buttoned devices for transcatheter closure of patent ductus arteriosus

This article reviews the experience in the last decade with Sideris buttoned devices for occlusion of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). The devices used were the regular buttoned device, the infant buttoned device, the device with the folding plug, and the wireless device. The buttoned devices were implanted transvenously and introduced through 7Fr-8Fr long sheaths for PDAs up to 12 mm; wireless devices required 9Fr-11Fr sheaths for PDAs up to 22 mm. All different shapes of ductus were occluded. The records of 356 patients in the international and Food and Drug Administration (FDA) supervised United States (US) clinical trials were reviewed. Despite excellent long-term full occlusion rates and the absence of significant complications with the regular buttoned device, modifications were necessary to improve the full occlusion rates in 24 hours. The 24-hour rates improved from 60% with the regular device to 85% with the folding plug device. Most residual shunts disappeared on long-term follow-up without significant complications. Wireless devices were developed for very large PDAs and have excellent occlusion rates. The buttoned device with the incorporated folding plug and the wireless devices are currently under clinical trial. The safety record of the new devices needs to be established with larger clinical trials.