Protein expression in the baculovirus system

Molecular Cloning and Expression of Osmotin in a Baculovirus-Insect System: Purified Osmotin Mitigates Amyloid-beta Deposition in Neuronal Cells

Osmotin is a pathogenesis-related plant protein, have gained focus of research because of its homology with mammalian adiponectin. The therapeutic properties of osmotin have been explored in recent years as it exhibits neuroprotective effects against amyloid beta-, glutamate- and ethanol-induced synaptic dysfunction and neurodegeneration. In the present study, the full-length gene of the tobacco plant osmotin was cloned and expressed in the Sf9 insect cell line using the baculovirus expression system. In vitro analysis of purified Osmotin protein showed excellent cell viability, p-AMPK activation and a reduction in amyloid-beta deposition. Immunofluorescent analysis showed significant reduction in amyloid beta deposition in APP over expressing neuronal cells. Osmotin inhibited amyloid beta deposition by influencing expression of APP processing genes including APP, ADAM 10 and BACE 1. Purified Osmotin showed reduction in amyloid beta deposition in different in vitro models as well. Osmotin showed similar mechanism when compared with mammalian adiponectin in different in vitro models. The present method will be an excellent approach for the efficient and cost-effective production of the functional protein to be utilized for therapeutic purposes. Reduction in amyloid beta deposition by activation of p-AMPK influencing APP processing genes makes osmotin a potent therapeutic candidate for neurodegenerative diseases.

Stable protein expression in mammalian cells using baculoviruses

The baculovirus Autographa californica multiple nuclear polyhedrosis virus (AcMNPV) has been widely used in biotechnology for protein expression in insect cells. Baculoviruses use arthropods as their natural hosts and are unable to replicate in mammalian cells. However, AcMNPV is able to enter many mammalian cell types and can be used for transgene expression if engineered to contain suitable expression cassettes. In this chapter, we describe the construction and application of a recombinant baculovirus containing a bicistronic expression cassette that can be used for stable protein expression in mammalian cells. As an example, the generation of glioblastoma and hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines stably expressing green fluorescent protein after puromycin selection is shown.