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Chen L, Cheng Z, He S, Zhang X, Deng K, Zong D, Wu Z, Xia M. Large-area single-crystal TMD growth modulated by sapphire substrates. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:978-1004. [PMID: 38112240 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr05400d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have recently attracted extensive attention due to their unique physical and chemical properties; however, the preparation of large-area TMD single crystals is still a great challenge. Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is an effective method to synthesize large-area and high-quality TMD films, in which sapphires as suitable substrates play a crucial role in anchoring the source material, promoting nucleation and modulating epitaxial growth. In this review, we provide an insightful overview of different epitaxial mechanisms and growth behaviors associated with the atomic structure of sapphire surfaces and the growth parameters. First, we summarize three epitaxial growth mechanisms of TMDs on sapphire substrates, namely, van der Waals epitaxy, step-guided epitaxy, and dual-coupling-guided epitaxy. Second, we introduce the effects of polishing, cutting, and annealing processing of the sapphire surface on the TMD growth. Finally, we discuss the influence of other growth parameters, such as temperature, pressure, carrier gas, and substrate position, on the growth kinetics of TMDs. This review might provide deep insights into the controllable growth of large-area single-crystal TMDs on sapphires, which will propel their practical applications in high-performance nanoelectronics and optoelectronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Chen
- Department of Applied Physics, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710049, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhaofang Cheng
- Department of Applied Physics, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710049, People's Republic of China.
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710049, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaodan He
- Department of Applied Physics, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710049, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xudong Zhang
- Department of Applied Physics, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710049, People's Republic of China.
| | - Kelun Deng
- Department of Applied Physics, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710049, People's Republic of China.
| | - Dehua Zong
- Department of Applied Physics, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710049, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zipeng Wu
- Department of Applied Physics, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710049, People's Republic of China.
| | - Minggang Xia
- Department of Applied Physics, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710049, People's Republic of China.
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710049, People's Republic of China
- Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Information and Optoelectronic Quantum Devices, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710049, People's Republic of China
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Grånäs E, Busch M, Arndt B, Creutzburg M, Semione GDL, Gustafson J, Schaefer A, Vonk V, Grönbeck H, Stierle A. Role of hydroxylation for the atomic structure of a non-polar vicinal zinc oxide. Commun Chem 2021; 4:7. [PMID: 36697506 PMCID: PMC9814410 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-020-00442-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
From the catalytic, semiconducting, and optical properties of zinc oxide (ZnO) numerous potential applications emerge. For the physical and chemical properties of the surface, under-coordinated atoms often play an important role, necessitating systematic studies of their influence. Here we study the vicinal ZnO([Formula: see text]) surface, rich in under-coordinated sites, using a combination of several experimental techniques and density functional theory calculations. We determine the atomic-scale structure and find the surface to be a stable, long-range ordered, non-polar facet of ZnO, with a high step-density and uniform termination. Contrary to an earlier suggested nano-faceting model, a bulk termination fits much better to our experimental observations. The surface is further stabilized by dissociatively adsorbed H2O on adjacent under-coordinated O- and Zn-atoms. The stabilized surface remains highly active for water dissociation through the remaining under-coordinated Zn-sites. Such a vicinal oxide surface is a prerequisite for future adsorption studies with atomically controlled local step and terrace geometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elin Grånäs
- grid.7683.a0000 0004 0492 0453Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michael Busch
- grid.5371.00000 0001 0775 6028Department of Physics and Competence Centre for Catalysis, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Björn Arndt
- grid.7683.a0000 0004 0492 0453Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), 22607 Hamburg, Germany ,grid.9026.d0000 0001 2287 2617Fachbereich Physik, Universität Hamburg, 20355 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marcus Creutzburg
- grid.7683.a0000 0004 0492 0453Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), 22607 Hamburg, Germany ,grid.9026.d0000 0001 2287 2617Fachbereich Physik, Universität Hamburg, 20355 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Guilherme Dalla Lana Semione
- grid.7683.a0000 0004 0492 0453Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), 22607 Hamburg, Germany ,grid.9026.d0000 0001 2287 2617Fachbereich Physik, Universität Hamburg, 20355 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Johan Gustafson
- grid.4514.40000 0001 0930 2361Division of Synchrotron Radiation Research, Lund University, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Andreas Schaefer
- grid.4514.40000 0001 0930 2361Division of Synchrotron Radiation Research, Lund University, 221 00 Lund, Sweden ,grid.5371.00000 0001 0775 6028Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Competence Centre for Catalysis, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Vedran Vonk
- grid.7683.a0000 0004 0492 0453Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Henrik Grönbeck
- grid.5371.00000 0001 0775 6028Department of Physics and Competence Centre for Catalysis, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Andreas Stierle
- grid.7683.a0000 0004 0492 0453Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), 22607 Hamburg, Germany ,grid.9026.d0000 0001 2287 2617Fachbereich Physik, Universität Hamburg, 20355 Hamburg, Germany
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Yamazaki K, Ikeda T, Isono T, Ogino T. Selective adsorption of protein molecules on phase-separated sapphire surfaces. J Colloid Interface Sci 2011; 361:64-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2011.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2011] [Revised: 05/06/2011] [Accepted: 05/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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