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Langlet F, Mullier A, Bouret SG, Prevot V, Dehouck B. Tanycyte-like cells form a blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier in the circumventricular organs of the mouse brain. J Comp Neurol 2013; 521:3389-405. [PMID: 23649873 PMCID: PMC3973970 DOI: 10.1002/cne.23355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2012] [Revised: 04/15/2013] [Accepted: 04/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Tanycytes are highly specialized ependymal cells that form a blood-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) barrier at the level of the median eminence (ME), a circumventricular organ (CVO) located in the tuberal region of the hypothalamus. This ependymal layer harbors well-organized tight junctions, a hallmark of central nervous system barriers that is lacking in the fenestrated portal vessels of the ME. The displacement of barrier properties from the vascular to the ventricular side allows the diffusion of blood-borne molecules into the parenchyma of the ME while tanycyte tight junctions control their diffusion into the CSF, thus maintaining brain homeostasis. In the present work, we combined immunohistochemical and permeability studies to investigate the presence of tanycyte barriers along the ventricular walls of other brain CVOs. Our data indicate that, unlike cuboidal ependymal cells, ependymal cells bordering the CVOs possess long processes that project into the parenchyma of the CVOs to reach the fenestrated capillary network. Remarkably, these tanycyte-like cells display well-organized tight junctions around their cell bodies. Consistent with these observations, permeability studies show that this ependymal layer acts as a diffusion barrier. Together, our results suggest that tanycytes are a characteristic feature of all CVOs and yield potential new insights into their involvement in regulating the exchange between the blood, the brain, and the CSF within these "brain windows."
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Langlet
- Laboratory of Development and Plasticity of the Postnatal Brain, Jean-Pierre Aubert Research Centre (JPARC), Inserm U837, University of Lille 2, Lille, 59000, France
- NEUROBESE International Associated Laboratory, 59045 Lille cedex, France
- Univ Lille Nord de France, School of Medicine, 59046 Lille cedex, France
| | - Amandine Mullier
- Laboratory of Development and Plasticity of the Postnatal Brain, Jean-Pierre Aubert Research Centre (JPARC), Inserm U837, University of Lille 2, Lille, 59000, France
- NEUROBESE International Associated Laboratory, 59045 Lille cedex, France
- Univ Lille Nord de France, School of Medicine, 59046 Lille cedex, France
| | - Sebastien G. Bouret
- Laboratory of Development and Plasticity of the Postnatal Brain, Jean-Pierre Aubert Research Centre (JPARC), Inserm U837, University of Lille 2, Lille, 59000, France
- NEUROBESE International Associated Laboratory, 59045 Lille cedex, France
- Univ Lille Nord de France, School of Medicine, 59046 Lille cedex, France
- Neuroscience Program, Saban Research Institute, Childrens Hospital Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Vincent Prevot
- Laboratory of Development and Plasticity of the Postnatal Brain, Jean-Pierre Aubert Research Centre (JPARC), Inserm U837, University of Lille 2, Lille, 59000, France
- NEUROBESE International Associated Laboratory, 59045 Lille cedex, France
- Univ Lille Nord de France, School of Medicine, 59046 Lille cedex, France
| | - Benedicte Dehouck
- Laboratory of Development and Plasticity of the Postnatal Brain, Jean-Pierre Aubert Research Centre (JPARC), Inserm U837, University of Lille 2, Lille, 59000, France
- NEUROBESE International Associated Laboratory, 59045 Lille cedex, France
- Univ Lille Nord de France, School of Medicine, 59046 Lille cedex, France
- Univ Artois, Liévin, France
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