Bradykininogen levels in Hodgkin's disease

PMN-kinin and kinin metabolizing enzymes in normal and malignant leucocytes

1. Studies have been carried out on the kinin-forming and kinin destroying activity of rabbit macrophages obtained from the lung before and after BCG injection and from the peritoneal cavity following mineral oil injection. A similar study was carried out with L-1210 leukaemic cells obtained from the peritoneal cavity of mice.2. The macrophages and leukaemic cells contain enzymes that form kinins from purified kininogen substrates at acid pH. The kinin-forming activity is not limited to the lysosomal fraction of the cell since it is found in extralysosomal compartments. Delta-guanidovaleryl benzyl ester partially inhibits the kinin-forming activity. Trasylol does not inhibit the kinin-forming activity of these cells, but does inhibit the kininases of these cells. The lack of effectiveness of this agent as a general anti-inflammatory agent is thus explained.3. The kininases of the normal and malignant cells are also inhibited by chloromethyl ketones such as tosyl-lysine chloromethyl ketone (TLCK) and tosyl-phenylalanine-chloromethyl ketone (TPCK) as well as by copper salts. Hydroxyquinoline has no inhibitory action on these cells, indicating that they differ from the plasma kininases.4. Investigation of the kinins produced by enzymes in rabbit and human polymorphonuclear (PMN) cells has demonstrated the formation of a kinin that differs from bradykinin and other known mammalian kinins in its pharmacological properties, molecular weight, and amino-terminal end group. This peptide has been named PMN-kinin.5. Overall, the investigation has demonstrated the importance of white cells in contributing to the formation and destruction of "extra-plasma" sources of kinins by enzymes which differ from plasma enzymes. Anti-inflammatory agents may have different actions on these cell enzymes from those on plasma enzymes.