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Cataldo Russomando A, Steinberg D, Gati I, Vogt Sionov R, Eliashar R, Friedman M, Gross M. Sinonasal Stent Coated with Sustained-Release Varnish of Mometasone Furoate Inhibits Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine Release from Macrophages: An In Vitro Study. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15031015. [PMID: 36986875 PMCID: PMC10051169 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15031015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to develop a sustained-release varnish (SRV) containing mometasone furoate (MMF) for sinonasal stents (SNS) to reduce mucosa inflammation in the sinonasal cavity. The SNS' segments coated with SRV-MMF or an SRV-placebo were incubated daily in a fresh DMEM at 37 °C for 20 days. The immunosuppressive activity of the collected DMEM supernatants was tested on the ability of mouse RAW 264.7 macrophages to secrete the cytokines' tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and interleukin (IL)-10 and IL-6 in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The cytokine levels were determined by respective Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays (ELISAs). We found that the daily amount of MMF released from the coated SNS was sufficient to significantly inhibit LPS-induced IL-6 and IL-10 secretion from the macrophages up to days 14 and 17, respectively. SRV-MMF had, however, only a mild inhibitory effect on LPS-induced TNFα secretion as compared to the SRV-placebo-coated SNS. In conclusion, the coating of SNS with SRV-MMF provides a sustained delivery of MMF for at least 2 weeks, maintaining a level sufficient for inhibiting pro-inflammatory cytokine release. This technological platform is, therefore, expected to provide anti-inflammatory benefits during the postoperative healing period and may play a significant role in the future treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Cataldo Russomando
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
- The Biofilm Research Laboratory, The Institute of Biomedical and Oral Research (IBOR), The Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
| | - Doron Steinberg
- The Biofilm Research Laboratory, The Institute of Biomedical and Oral Research (IBOR), The Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
| | - Irith Gati
- Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
| | - Ronit Vogt Sionov
- The Biofilm Research Laboratory, The Institute of Biomedical and Oral Research (IBOR), The Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
| | - Ron Eliashar
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
- The Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
| | - Michael Friedman
- Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
| | - Menachem Gross
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
- The Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
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Synthesis, Drug Release, and Antibacterial Properties of Novel Dendritic CHX-SrCl 2 and CHX-ZnCl 2 Particles. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13111799. [PMID: 34834214 PMCID: PMC8625704 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13111799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
This work demonstrated for the first time the synthesis of novel chlorhexidine particles containing strontium and zinc, to provide an effective, affordable, and safe intervention in the treatment of recurrent infections found in Medicine and Dentistry. The CHX-SrCl2 and CHX-ZnCl2 particles were synthesized by co-precipitation of chlorhexidine diacetate (CHXD) and zinc chloride or strontium chloride, where particle size was manipulated by controlling processing time and temperature. The CHX-ZnCl2 and CHX-SrCl2 particles were characterized using SEM, FTIR, and XRD. UV-Vis using artificial saliva (pH 4 and pH 7) was used to measure the drug release and ICP-OES ion release. The antibacterial properties were examined against P. gingivalis, A. actinomycetemcomitans, and F. nucleatum subsp. Polymorphum, and cytotoxicity was evaluated using mouse fibroblast L929 cells. The novel particles were as safe as commercial CHXD, with antibacterial activity against a range of oral pathogens. UV-Vis results run in artificial saliva (pH 4 and pH 7) indicated a higher release rate in acidic rather than neutral conditions. The CHX-ZnCl2 particles provided the functionality of a smart Zinc and CHX release, with respect to environmental pH, allowing responsive antibacterial applications in the field of medicine and dentistry.
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Sinonasal Stent Coated with Slow-Release Varnish of Chlorhexidine Has Sustained Protection against Bacterial Biofilm Growth in the Sinonasal Cavity: An In Vitro Study. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13111783. [PMID: 34834197 PMCID: PMC8617878 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13111783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to develop a sustained-release varnish (SRV) containing chlorhexidine (CHX) for sinonasal stents (SNS) to reduce bacterial growth and biofilm formation in the sinonasal cavity. Segments of SNS were coated with SRV-CHX or SRV-placebo and exposed daily to bacterial cultures of Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus ATCC 25923 or Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC HER-1018 (PAO1). Anti-bacterial effects were assessed by disc diffusion assay and planktonic-based activity assay. Biofilm formation on the coated stents was visualized by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and high-resolution scanning electron microscopy (HR-SEM). The metabolic activity of the biofilms was determined using the 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) method. Disc diffusion assay showed that SRV-CHX-coated SNS segments inhibited bacterial growth of S. aureussubsp. aureus ATCC 25923 for 26 days and P. aeruginosa ATCC HER-1018 for 19 days. CHX was released from coated SNS segments in a pH 6 medium up to 30 days, resulting in growth inhibition of S. aureussubsp. aureus ATCC 25923 for 22 days and P. aeruginosa ATCC HER-1018 for 24 days. The MTT assay showed a reduction of biofilm growth on the coated SNS by 69% for S. aureussubsp. aureus ATCC 25923 and 40% for P. aeruginosa ATCC HER-1018 compared to the placebo stent after repeated exposure to planktonic growing bacteria. CLSM and HR-SEM showed a significant reduction of biofilm formation on the SRV-CHX-coated SNS segments. Coating of SNS with SRV-CHX maintains a sustained delivery of CHX, providing an inhibitory effect on the bacterial growth of S. aureussubsp. aureus ATCC 25923 and P. aeruginosa ATCC HER-1018 for approximately 3 weeks.
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Parhizkar A, Asgary S. Local Drug Delivery Systems for Vital Pulp Therapy: A New Hope. Int J Biomater 2021; 2021:5584268. [PMID: 34567123 PMCID: PMC8457968 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5584268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Vital pulp therapy (VPT) is deliberated as an ultraconservative/minimally invasive approach for the conservation of vital pulpal tissues, preservation of dental structure, and maintenance of tooth function in the oral cavity. In VPT, following the exposure of the dental pulp, the environment is prepared for the possible healing and probable refunctionalisation of pulpal connective tissue. However, to succeed in VPT, specific biomaterials are used to cover and/or dress the exposed pulp, lower the inflammation, heal the dental pulp, provoke the remaining odontoblastic cells, and induce the formation of a hard tissue, i.e., the dentinal bridge. It can be assumed that if the employed biomaterial is transferred to the target site using a specially designed micro-/nanosized local drug delivery system (LDDS), the biomaterial would be placed in closer proximity to the connective tissue, may be released in a controlled and sustained pattern, could properly conserve the remaining dental pulp and might appropriately enhance hard-tissue formation. Furthermore, the loaded LDDS could help VPT modalities to be more ultraconservative and may minimise the manipulation of the tooth structure as well as pulpal tissue, which could, in turn, result in better VPT outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ardavan Parhizkar
- Iranian Centre for Endodontic Research, Research Institute for Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1983963113, Iran
| | - Saeed Asgary
- Iranian Centre for Endodontic Research, Research Institute for Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1983963113, Iran
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Gross M, Ashqar F, Sionov RV, Friedman M, Eliashar R, Zaks B, Gati I, Duanis-Assaf D, Feldman M, Steinberg D. Sustained release varnish containing chlorhexidine for prevention of Streptococcus mutans biofilm formation on voice prosthesis surface: an in vitro study. Int Microbiol 2021; 25:177-187. [PMID: 34505216 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-021-00205-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In this study, we aimed to develop a novel, sustained release varnish (SRV) for voice prostheses (VP) releasing chlorhexidine (CHX), for the prevention of biofilm formation caused by the common oral bacteria Streptococcus mutans on VP surfaces. METHODS This study was performed in an in vitro model as a step towards future in vivo trials. VPs were coated with a SRV containing CHX (SRV-CHX) or SRV alone (placebo-SRV) that were daily exposed to S. mutans. The polymeric materials of SRV were composed of ethylcellulose and PEG-400. Biofilm formation was assessed by DNA quantification (qPCR), crystal violet staining, confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and kinetics experiments. RESULTS The amount of DNA in the biofilms formed by S. mutans on VP surfaces coated once with SRV-CHX (1.024 ± 0.218 ng DNA/piece) was 58.5 ± 8.8% lower than that of placebo-SRV-coated VPs (2.465 ± 0.198 ng DNA/piece) after a 48-h exposure to S. mutans (p = 0.038). Reduced biofilm mass on SRV-CHX-coated VPs was visually confirmed by CLSM and SEM. CV staining of SRV-CHX single-coated VPs that have been exposed to S. mutans nine times showed a 98.1 ± 0.2% reduction in biofilm mass compared to placebo-SRV-coated VPs (p = 0.003). Kinetic experiments revealed that SRV-CHX triple-coated VPs could delay bacterial growth for 23 days. CONCLUSIONS Coating VPs with SRV-CHX has an inhibitory effect on biofilm formation and prevents bacterial growth in their vicinities. This study is a proof-of-principle that paves the way for developing new clinical means for reducing both VPs' bacterial biofilm formation and device failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Menachem Gross
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, P.O.Box 12000, 91120, Jerusalem, Israel. .,Biofilm Research Laboratory, Institute of Dental Sciences, Hebrew University, 91120, Jerusalem, Israel. .,School of Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel.
| | - Fadi Ashqar
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, P.O.Box 12000, 91120, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ronit Vogt Sionov
- Biofilm Research Laboratory, Institute of Dental Sciences, Hebrew University, 91120, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Michael Friedman
- School of Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel.,School of Pharmacy, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ron Eliashar
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, P.O.Box 12000, 91120, Jerusalem, Israel.,School of Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Batya Zaks
- Biofilm Research Laboratory, Institute of Dental Sciences, Hebrew University, 91120, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Irith Gati
- School of Pharmacy, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Danielle Duanis-Assaf
- Biofilm Research Laboratory, Institute of Dental Sciences, Hebrew University, 91120, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Mark Feldman
- Biofilm Research Laboratory, Institute of Dental Sciences, Hebrew University, 91120, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Doron Steinberg
- Biofilm Research Laboratory, Institute of Dental Sciences, Hebrew University, 91120, Jerusalem, Israel
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Kida D, Zakrzewska A, Zborowski J, Szulc M, Karolewicz B. Polymer-Based Carriers in Dental Local Healing-Review and Future Challenges. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14143948. [PMID: 34300865 PMCID: PMC8308048 DOI: 10.3390/ma14143948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Polymers in drug formulation technology and the engineering of biomaterials for the treatment of oral diseases constitute a group of excipients that often possess additional properties in addition to their primary function, i.e., biological activity, sensitivity to stimuli, mucoadhesive properties, improved penetration of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) across biological barriers, and effects on wound healing or gingival and bone tissue regeneration. Through the use of multifunctional polymers, it has become possible to design carriers and materials tailored to the specific conditions and site of application, to deliver the active substance directly to the affected tissue, including intra-periodontal pocket delivery, and to release the active substance in a timed manner, allowing for the improvement of the form of application and further development of therapeutic strategies. The scope of this review is polymeric drug carriers and materials developed from selected multifunctional groups of natural, semi-synthetic, and synthetic polymers for topical therapeutic applications. Moreover, the characteristics of the topical application and the needs for the properties of carriers for topical administration of an active substance in the treatment of oral diseases are presented to more understand the difficulties associated with the design of optimal active substance carriers and materials for the treatment of lesions located in the oral cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Kida
- Department of Drug Form Technology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211 A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-71-784-0315
| | - Aneta Zakrzewska
- Department of Periodontology, Wroclaw Medical University, Krakowska 26, 50-425 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.Z.); (J.Z.); (M.S.)
| | - Jacek Zborowski
- Department of Periodontology, Wroclaw Medical University, Krakowska 26, 50-425 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.Z.); (J.Z.); (M.S.)
| | - Małgorzata Szulc
- Department of Periodontology, Wroclaw Medical University, Krakowska 26, 50-425 Wroclaw, Poland; (A.Z.); (J.Z.); (M.S.)
| | - Bożena Karolewicz
- Department of Drug Form Technology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211 A, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
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Hayati A, Najafi F, Tabatabaei FS. Effects of a new chlorhexidine varnish on Streptococcus mutans biofilm formation in vitro. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol 2018; 29:573-579. [PMID: 29679527 DOI: 10.1515/jbcpp-2017-0050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Local sustained-release drug delivery systems increase the substantivity of drugs in the oral environment and subsequently enhance their therapeutic effects. This study sought to compare the effects of two commercially available varnishes and one experimental chlorhexidine (CHX) varnish on formation of Streptococcus mutans biofilm. The solubility rates of the varnishes were evaluated as well.
Methods
Standard acrylic discs were fabricated and divided into groups based on the varnish applied to the disc surfaces, namely, V-varnish, Pascal, and experimental CHX varnish. The effects of the varnishes on S. mutans biofilm were assessed after 48 h. Bacterial growth on the discs was evaluated by colony count and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Solubility was assessed by immersing the samples in phosphate buffered saline and recording their weight changes at different times. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA.
Results
In the Pascal and experimental varnish groups, the total number of bacteria did not differ from that in the negative control group. The SEM findings confirmed the aforementioned results. Solubility varied significantly among the materials. V-varnish was detached from the surfaces after 2 days. No significant weight change was noted in the experimental varnish group at 14 days, while Pascal varnish showed gradual weight loss from the 5th day to the 10th day and had a plateau thereafter.
Conclusions
Biofilm formation was inhibited by the Pascal and experimental varnishes but not by the V-varnish. The highest acceptable rate of solubility was observed in the Pascal samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Hayati
- Dental Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farhud Najafi
- Department of Resin and Additives, Institute for Color Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fahimeh Sadat Tabatabaei
- Dental Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Department of Dental Biomaterials, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Daneshjou Boulvard, Evin, P.O. 19839, Tehran, Iran, Phone/Fax: +982122173754.,Marquette University, School of Dentistry, Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA, Phone: +1-646-659-5484, E-mail:
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Zelichenko G, Steinberg D, Lorber G, Friedman M, Zaks B, Lavy E, Hidas G, Landau EH, Gofrit ON, Pode D, Duvdevani M. Prevention of initial biofilm formation on ureteral stents using a sustained releasing varnish containing chlorhexidine: in vitro study. J Endourol 2012; 27:333-7. [PMID: 22970837 DOI: 10.1089/end.2012.0193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Ureteral stents are being used exceedingly in the field of urology, and with advancements in endourology, this trend is increasing. Bacterial colonization and proliferation on the stent surface may result in urinary tract infections (UTIs) necessitating the administration of antibiotics that, in turn, may lead to the development of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains. Several studies have shown that sustained release varnish (SRV) combined with antibiotics or antiseptics can prevent the proliferation of bacteria on urethral catheters. This is the first study that evaluates this technique implemented on ureteral stents. MATERIALS AND METHODS We evaluated growth inhibition on ureteral stent segments coated with chlorhexidine (CHX) 1% SRV. The tests were conducted using common urinary pathogens: Enterococci, Pseudomonas, and Escherichia coli. Coated stent segments were inserted into bacterial suspensions. Controls included uncoated stent segments and stents coated with placebo SRV (without CHX). RESULTS Bacterial growth measured as turbidity and as colony-forming units showed a significant inhibition effect of initial bacteria adhesion to the CHX-SRV coated stent segments compared with the controls (P<0.001). This inhibitory effect was apparent in each of the bacteria tested and was confirmed by inspection of the stent segments under an electron microscope. In a kinetic experiment using CHX 2% SRV, we were able to prolong the growth inhibition effect from 1 week to nearly 2 weeks. CONCLUSIONS We believe this technique may play a significant role in reducing ureteral stent-associated UTIs. Further studies are needed before this approach can be implemented in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genady Zelichenko
- Department of Urology, Hadassah Medical Center, The Hebrew University, Ein Kerem, Jerusalem, Israel
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Shapur NK, Duvdevani M, Friedman M, Zaks B, Gati I, Lavy E, Katz R, Landau EH, Pode D, Gofrit ON, Steinberg D. Second Prize: Sustained Release Varnish Containing Chlorhexidine for Prevention of Biofilm Formation on Urinary Catheter Surface: In Vitro Study. J Endourol 2012; 26:26-31. [DOI: 10.1089/end.2011.0140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nandakishore K. Shapur
- Department of Urology, Hadassah Medical Center, Hadassah-Hebrew University, Ein Kerem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Mordechai Duvdevani
- Department of Urology, Hadassah Medical Center, Hadassah-Hebrew University, Ein Kerem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Michael Friedman
- School of Pharmacy, Hebrew University-Hadassah, Ein Kerem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Batya Zaks
- Biofilm Research Laboratory, Institute of Dental Sciences, Hebrew University-Hadassah, Ein Kerem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Irit Gati
- School of Pharmacy, Hebrew University-Hadassah, Ein Kerem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Eran Lavy
- Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture Food and Environment, Hebrew University, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Ran Katz
- Department of Urology, Hadassah Medical Center, Hadassah-Hebrew University, Ein Kerem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ezekiel H. Landau
- Department of Urology, Hadassah Medical Center, Hadassah-Hebrew University, Ein Kerem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Dov Pode
- Department of Urology, Hadassah Medical Center, Hadassah-Hebrew University, Ein Kerem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ofer N. Gofrit
- Department of Urology, Hadassah Medical Center, Hadassah-Hebrew University, Ein Kerem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Doron Steinberg
- Biofilm Research Laboratory, Institute of Dental Sciences, Hebrew University-Hadassah, Ein Kerem, Jerusalem, Israel
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Dogan AA, Adiloglu AK, Onal S, Cetin ES, Polat E, Uskun E, Koksal F. Short-term relative antibacterial effect of octenidine dihydrochloride on the oral microflora in orthodontically treated patients. Int J Infect Dis 2008; 12:e19-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2008.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2006] [Revised: 06/26/2007] [Accepted: 03/06/2008] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Young AM, Ho SM. Drug release from injectable biodegradable polymeric adhesives for bone repair. J Control Release 2008; 127:162-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2008.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2007] [Accepted: 01/22/2008] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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12
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Basaran G, Hamamci O, Basaran E. What Kind of Orthodontic Treatment can Effect the Lactobacilli and S. Mutans Level? BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2006.10817321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Beyth N, Redlich M, Harari D, Friedman M, Steinberg D. Effect of sustained-release chlorhexidine varnish on Streptococcus mutans and Actinomyces viscosus in orthodontic patients. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2003; 123:345-8. [PMID: 12637907 DOI: 10.1067/mod.2003.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effect of sustained-release chlorhexidine varnish on orthodontic patients. Ten children, ages 10 to 16 years, participated. Bacterial levels of Streptococcus mutans and Actinomyces viscosus and total counts were evaluated in sputum samples. These counts were evaluated at 4 stages: before orthodontic treatment, at least 2 weeks after bonding of the brackets, 1 week after application of chlorhexidine varnish, and 3 weeks after application of chlorhexidine varnish. Increases in bacterial levels of S mutans and in the total bacterial count were detected after the brackets were bonded. One week after the sustained-release chlorhexidine varnish was applied, a significant decrease of total bacterial levels and S mutans was observed. This decrease persisted for 3 weeks after the first application. No significant change in A viscosus levels occurred during that period. The results provide additional evidence that sustained-release chlorhexidine varnish decreases S mutans levels in orthodontic patients with fixed appliances and therefore might be useful in preventing caries lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurit Beyth
- Department of Prosthodontics, Institute of Dental Sciences, Hebrew University-Hadassah School of Dental Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel
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Steinberg D, Rozen R, Klausner EA, Zachs B, Friedman M. Formulation, development and characterization of sustained release varnishes containing amine and stannous fluorides. Caries Res 2002; 36:411-6. [PMID: 12459613 DOI: 10.1159/000066539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This study describes properties of potential sustained release varnishes (SRV) containing amine fluoride or amine fluoride with stannous fluoride. The release kinetics, antibacterial properties and antiadhesion properties of two potential varnishes were tested. The varnish of ethylcellulose matrix was found to release fluoride for 4 h in vitro, while the formulation based on hydroxypropylmethylcellulose acetate succinate had a rapid release rate. Hydroxyapatite tablets coated with ethylcellulose-based SRV increased adhesion of Streptococcus mutans, while tablets coated with hydroxypropylmethylcellulose acetate succinate-based SRV decreased bacterial adhesion. Both types of SRV demonstrated a strong antibacterial effect on bacteria in biofilm.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Steinberg
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Hebrew University Hadassah, Jerusalem, Israel.
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