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Ruiz-Mirazo K, Briones C, de la Escosura A. Prebiotic Systems Chemistry: New Perspectives for the Origins of Life. Chem Rev 2013; 114:285-366. [DOI: 10.1021/cr2004844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 563] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kepa Ruiz-Mirazo
- Biophysics
Unit (CSIC-UPV/EHU), Leioa, and Department of Logic and Philosophy
of Science, University of the Basque Country, Avenida de Tolosa 70, 20080 Donostia−San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Carlos Briones
- Department
of Molecular Evolution, Centro de Astrobiología (CSIC−INTA, associated to the NASA Astrobiology Institute), Carretera de Ajalvir, Km 4, 28850 Torrejón de Ardoz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrés de la Escosura
- Organic
Chemistry Department, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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De Montigny F, Bast R, Gomes ASP, Pilet G, Vanthuyne N, Roussel C, Guy L, Schwerdtfeger P, Saue T, Crassous J. Chiral oxorhenium(V) complexes as candidates for the experimental observation of molecular parity violation: a structural, synthetic and theoretical study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2010; 12:8792-803. [PMID: 20532288 DOI: 10.1039/b925050f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
We report the synthesis and resolution of a series of new chiral "3 + 1" oxorhenium(V) complexes, designed for high-resolution laser spectroscopy experiments probing molecular parity-violation (PV) effects in the Re=O stretching mode frequency. These complexes display a particularly simple chemical structure, with the rhenium atom as the stereogenic center, and show large PV energy differences according to our calculations. They were obtained in the racemic and enantioenriched forms, in the latter case by using either semi-preparative chiral HPLC resolution or enantioselective synthesis. The vibrational transition frequency differences between the enantiomeric pairs due to PV have been calculated with two- and four-component relativistic Hamiltonians using Hartree-Fock (HF) and density functional theory (DFT). For three complexes, including one synthesized in enantioenriched form, our HF calculations predict frequency differences above the present resolution limit of 1 Hz. These results confirm the order of magnitude for the calculated HF PV vibrational frequency differences reported earlier for this class of compounds [P. Schwerdtfeger and R. Bast, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2004, 126, 1652]. However, at the DFT level the PV vibrational frequency differences are in some cases reduced by an order of magnitude, but are still within the sensitivity of 0.01 Hz, which is the anticipated sensitivity in a new proposed experiment. We therefore believe that the present study represents an important step towards the experimental observation of PV in molecular systems, and emphasizes the extreme sensitivity of the PV vibrational frequency difference to the chemical environment around the rhenium center.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederic De Montigny
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie Paris UMR 7223, CNRS-ENSCP Paris Cedex 05, France
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Fuß W. Biological homochirality as result from a single event. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2009; 74:498-503. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2009.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2009] [Revised: 06/28/2009] [Accepted: 07/06/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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MacDermott AJ, Fu T, Hyde GO, Nakatsuka R, Coleman AP. Electroweak parity-violating energy shifts of amino acids: the "conformation problem". ORIGINS LIFE EVOL B 2009; 39:407-37. [PMID: 19291419 DOI: 10.1007/s11084-009-9161-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2007] [Accepted: 02/10/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The preceding paper described our coupled-perturbed Hartree-Fock (CPHF) and density functional theory (DFT) methods of computing the parity-violating energy shift (PVES). This paper addresses the "conformation problem"-the difficulty determining which hand of amino acids in solution is favoured by the weak force due to the difficulty determining the solution conformation. We attempt to resolve this by using the methods of the preceding paper to compute the PVES of solution and gas-phase amino acid structures determined by other groups from high level optimizations that include solvation. We conclude that the conformational hypersensitivity of the PVES still precludes a definite conclusion as to the sign of the PVES of L-alanine in solution, but that there is no problem in the gas phase: the PVES of gas-phase L-alanine is decisively negative. We show that the PVES is very sensitive to certain torsion angles, but is not hypersensitive to bondlengths or bond angles. In determining structures for PVES computations, there is therefore no need for expensive full optimizations: one can just optimize the crucial torsion angles. We present new computations of gas-phase amino acids PVESs, using partial optimizations with small basis sets, and the results agree well with those from higher level techniques. In the following paper we apply these less costly techniques to larger amino acids. The "conformation problem" has led some to dismiss the PVES as the source of life's handedness, but we believe this is premature: we show here that amino acids are a special case because their favoured conformations are almost achiral.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J MacDermott
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Computing and Engineering, University of Houston-Clear Lake, 2700 Bay Area Boulevard, Houston, TX 77058-1098, USA.
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Berger R. Breit interaction contribution to parity violating potentials in chiral molecules containing light nuclei. J Chem Phys 2008; 129:154105. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2958280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Plasson R, Kondepudi DK, Bersini H, Commeyras A, Asakura K. Emergence of homochirality in far-from-equilibrium systems: mechanisms and role in prebiotic chemistry. Chirality 2007; 19:589-600. [PMID: 17559107 DOI: 10.1002/chir.20440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Since the model proposed by Frank (Frank FC, Biochem Biophys Acta 1953;11:459-463), several alternative models have been developed to explain how an asymmetric non-racemic steady state can be reached by a chirally symmetric chemical reactive system. This paper explains how a stable non-racemic regime can be obtained as a symmetry breaking occurring in a far-from-equilibrium reactive system initiated with an initial imbalance. Departing from the variations around the original Frank's model that are commonly described in the literature, i.e. open-flow systems of direct autocatalytic reactions, we discuss recent developments emphasizing both an active recycling of components and an autocatalytic network of simple reactions. We will present our APED model as the most natural realization of such thermodynamic openness and non-equilibrium, of recycling and of network autocatalysis, each of these in prebiotic conditions. The different experimental and theoretical models in the literature will be classified according to mechanism. The place and role of such self-structured networks responsible for the presence of homochirality in the primitive Earth will be detailed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphaël Plasson
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohamashi, Japan.
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Lahav M, Weissbuch I, Shavit E, Reiner C, Nicholson GJ, Schurig V. Parity violating energetic difference and enantiomorphous crystalsp-caveats; reinvestigation of tyrosine crystallization. ORIGINS LIFE EVOL B 2006; 36:151-70. [PMID: 16670821 DOI: 10.1007/s11084-005-9000-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2005] [Accepted: 09/07/2005] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The present article challenges reports claiming to have demonstrated the Parity Violating Energetic Difference (PVED) between enantiomorphous D- and L-crystals. Apart from PVED, the presence of minute quantities and differing profiles of impurities incorporated during their different history of preparation will affect the physical properties of D- and L-crystals. These impurities are anticipated to play a much greater role in affecting crystallization behavior than PVED. The effect of impurities on the growth and dissolution of enantiomorphous crystals is illustrated with some representative examples. Shinitzky et al. (2002) reported recently dramatic differences in the growth and dissolution properties of the D- and L-crystals of tyrosine. We have repeated these experiments using commercial samples from different sources and employing a validated enantioselective gas chromatographic technique. We attribute Shinitzky's findings either to the use of inappropriate analytical techniques for the determination of enantiomeric composition and/or to the presence of unidentified contaminants in the commercial tyrosine samples. Related caveats hold also for the recently published claims by Shinitzky (2006) and Scolnik et al. (2006) to have observed experimentally PVED between enantiomeric helices of poly-glutamic acid composed of 24 repeating units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meir Lahav
- Department of Materials and Interfaces, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel.
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Abstract
The paper describes methodology of using three independent macroscopic factors affecting molecular orientation to accomplish separation of a racemic mixture without the presence of any other chiral compounds, i. e., absolute enantioselective separation (AES) which is an extension of a concept of applying these factors to absolute asymmetric synthesis. The three factors may be applied simultaneously or, if their effects can be retained, consecutively. The resulting three mutually orthogonal or near orthogonal directors constitute a true chiral influence and their scalar triple product is the measure of the chirality of the system. AES can be executed in a chromatography-like microfluidic process in the presence of an electric field. It may be carried out on a chemically modified flat surface, a monolithic polymer column made of a mesoporous material, each having imparted directional properties. Separation parameters were estimated for these media and possible implications for the natural homochirality are discussed.
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Wesendrup R, Laerdahl JK, Compton RN, Schwerdtfeger P. Biomolecular Homochirality and Electroweak Interactions. I. The Yamagata Hypothesis. J Phys Chem A 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/jp022568v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ralf Wesendrup
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand, and Department of Physics and Chemistry, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996
| | - Jon K. Laerdahl
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand, and Department of Physics and Chemistry, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996
| | - Robert N. Compton
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand, and Department of Physics and Chemistry, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996
| | - Peter Schwerdtfeger
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand, and Department of Physics and Chemistry, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996
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Laubender G, Berger R. Ab initio calculation of parity-violating chemical shifts in NMR spectra of chiral molecules. Chemphyschem 2003; 4:395-9. [PMID: 12728558 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.200390070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guido Laubender
- Chemistry Department, Technical University Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany
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