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Maxwell LJ, Wells GA, Simon LS, Conaghan PG, Grosskleg S, Scrivens K, Beaton DE, Bingham CO, Busse JW, Christensen R, Goel N, Jüni P, Kaiser U, Lyddiatt A, Mease PJ, Ostelo RW, Phillips K, Sapunar D, Singh JA, Strand V, Taylor AM, Terwee CB, Tugwell P. Current State of Reporting Pain Outcomes in Cochrane Reviews of Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain Conditions and Considerations for an OMERACT Research Agenda. J Rheumatol 2015; 42:1934-1942. [PMID: 26373562 DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.141423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the current state of reporting of pain outcomes in Cochrane reviews on chronic musculoskeletal painful conditions and to elicit opinions of patients, healthcare practitioners, and methodologists on presenting pain outcomes to patients, clinicians, and policymakers. METHODS We identified all reviews in the Cochrane Library of chronic musculoskeletal pain conditions from Cochrane review groups (Back, Musculoskeletal, and Pain, Palliative, and Supportive Care) that contained a summary of findings (SoF) table. We extracted data on reported pain domains and instruments and conducted a survey and interviews on considerations for SoF tables (e.g., pain domains, presentation of results). RESULTS Fifty-seven SoF tables in 133 Cochrane reviews were eligible. SoF tables reported pain in 56/57, with all presenting results for pain intensity (20 different outcome instruments), pain interference in 8 SoF tables (5 different outcome instruments), and pain frequency in 1 multiple domain instrument. Other domains like pain quality or pain affect were not reported. From the survey and interviews [response rate 80% (36/45)], we derived 4 themes for a future research agenda: pain domains, considerations for assessing truth, discrimination, and feasibility; clinically important thresholds for responder analyses and presenting results; and establishing hierarchies of outcome instruments. CONCLUSION There is a lack of standardization in the domains of pain selected and the manner that pain outcomes are reported in SoF tables, hampering efforts to synthesize evidence. Future research should focus on the themes identified, building partnerships to achieve consensus and develop guidance on best practices for reporting pain outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara J Maxwell
- From the Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa, Canada; School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa and Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Canada; SDG LLC Cambridge, MA, USA; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Leeds, UK; University of Ottawa; Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa; Institute for Work & Health, Toronto, Canada; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Anesthesia, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and the Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Quintiles, Inc., Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA; Institute of Primary Health Care (BIHAM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Health Sciences (VU University) and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (VU University Medical Centre) of the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Laboratory for Pain Research, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA; Division Immunology/Rheumatology Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA; Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; University of Ottawa, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; Clinical Epidemiology Program, University of Ottawa and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa; Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Population Health, Ottawa, Canada. .,L.J. Maxwell, MSc, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Centre for Practice-Changing Research; G.A. Wells, MSc, PhD, School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa and Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute; L.S. Simon, MD, SDG LLC; P.G. Conaghan, MBBS, PhD, FRACP, FRCP, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds & NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit; S. Grosskleg, University of Ottawa; K. Scrivens, BA, Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa; D.E. Beaton, BScOT, PhD, Institute for Work & Health; C.O. Bingham III, MD; Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University; J.W. Busse, DC, PhD, Department of Anesthesia, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University; R. Christensen, MSc, PhD, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital; N. Goel, MD, Quintiles, Inc., Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Patient Research Partner, Durham, NC, USA; P. Jüni, MD, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine and Clinical Trials Unit Bern, Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern; U. Kaiser, Dr, rer, Nat, Dipl-Psych, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; A. Lyddiatt, Patient Research Partner, London, ON, Canada; P.J. Mease, MD, University of Washington; R.W. Ostelo, Department of Health Sciences (VU University) and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (VU University Medical Centre) of the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research; K. Phillips, MD, PhD, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan; D. Sapunar, MD, PhD, Laboratory for Pain Research, University of Split School of Medicine; J.A. Singh, MBBS, MPH, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Alabama at Birmingham; V. Strand, Division Immunology/Rheumatology Stanford University School of Medicine; A.M. Taylor, PhD, Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Senior Epidemiologist, VU University Medical Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research; P. Tugwell, MD, MSc University of Ottawa, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, University of Ottawa and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Population Health.
| | - George A Wells
- From the Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa, Canada; School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa and Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Canada; SDG LLC Cambridge, MA, USA; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Leeds, UK; University of Ottawa; Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa; Institute for Work & Health, Toronto, Canada; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Anesthesia, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and the Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Quintiles, Inc., Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA; Institute of Primary Health Care (BIHAM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Health Sciences (VU University) and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (VU University Medical Centre) of the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Laboratory for Pain Research, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA; Division Immunology/Rheumatology Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA; Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; University of Ottawa, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; Clinical Epidemiology Program, University of Ottawa and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa; Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Population Health, Ottawa, Canada.,L.J. Maxwell, MSc, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Centre for Practice-Changing Research; G.A. Wells, MSc, PhD, School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa and Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute; L.S. Simon, MD, SDG LLC; P.G. Conaghan, MBBS, PhD, FRACP, FRCP, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds & NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit; S. Grosskleg, University of Ottawa; K. Scrivens, BA, Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa; D.E. Beaton, BScOT, PhD, Institute for Work & Health; C.O. Bingham III, MD; Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University; J.W. Busse, DC, PhD, Department of Anesthesia, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University; R. Christensen, MSc, PhD, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital; N. Goel, MD, Quintiles, Inc., Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Patient Research Partner, Durham, NC, USA; P. Jüni, MD, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine and Clinical Trials Unit Bern, Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern; U. Kaiser, Dr, rer, Nat, Dipl-Psych, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; A. Lyddiatt, Patient Research Partner, London, ON, Canada; P.J. Mease, MD, University of Washington; R.W. Ostelo, Department of Health Sciences (VU University) and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (VU University Medical Centre) of the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research; K. Phillips, MD, PhD, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan; D. Sapunar, MD, PhD, Laboratory for Pain Research, University of Split School of Medicine; J.A. Singh, MBBS, MPH, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Alabama at Birmingham; V. Strand, Division Immunology/Rheumatology Stanford University School of Medicine; A.M. Taylor, PhD, Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Senior Epidemiologist, VU University Medical Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research; P. Tugwell, MD, MSc University of Ottawa, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, University of Ottawa and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Population Health
| | - Lee S Simon
- From the Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa, Canada; School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa and Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Canada; SDG LLC Cambridge, MA, USA; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Leeds, UK; University of Ottawa; Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa; Institute for Work & Health, Toronto, Canada; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Anesthesia, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and the Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Quintiles, Inc., Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA; Institute of Primary Health Care (BIHAM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Health Sciences (VU University) and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (VU University Medical Centre) of the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Laboratory for Pain Research, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA; Division Immunology/Rheumatology Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA; Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; University of Ottawa, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; Clinical Epidemiology Program, University of Ottawa and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa; Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Population Health, Ottawa, Canada.,L.J. Maxwell, MSc, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Centre for Practice-Changing Research; G.A. Wells, MSc, PhD, School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa and Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute; L.S. Simon, MD, SDG LLC; P.G. Conaghan, MBBS, PhD, FRACP, FRCP, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds & NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit; S. Grosskleg, University of Ottawa; K. Scrivens, BA, Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa; D.E. Beaton, BScOT, PhD, Institute for Work & Health; C.O. Bingham III, MD; Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University; J.W. Busse, DC, PhD, Department of Anesthesia, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University; R. Christensen, MSc, PhD, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital; N. Goel, MD, Quintiles, Inc., Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Patient Research Partner, Durham, NC, USA; P. Jüni, MD, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine and Clinical Trials Unit Bern, Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern; U. Kaiser, Dr, rer, Nat, Dipl-Psych, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; A. Lyddiatt, Patient Research Partner, London, ON, Canada; P.J. Mease, MD, University of Washington; R.W. Ostelo, Department of Health Sciences (VU University) and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (VU University Medical Centre) of the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research; K. Phillips, MD, PhD, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan; D. Sapunar, MD, PhD, Laboratory for Pain Research, University of Split School of Medicine; J.A. Singh, MBBS, MPH, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Alabama at Birmingham; V. Strand, Division Immunology/Rheumatology Stanford University School of Medicine; A.M. Taylor, PhD, Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Senior Epidemiologist, VU University Medical Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research; P. Tugwell, MD, MSc University of Ottawa, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, University of Ottawa and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Population Health
| | - Philip G Conaghan
- From the Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa, Canada; School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa and Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Canada; SDG LLC Cambridge, MA, USA; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Leeds, UK; University of Ottawa; Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa; Institute for Work & Health, Toronto, Canada; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Anesthesia, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and the Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Quintiles, Inc., Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA; Institute of Primary Health Care (BIHAM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Health Sciences (VU University) and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (VU University Medical Centre) of the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Laboratory for Pain Research, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA; Division Immunology/Rheumatology Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA; Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; University of Ottawa, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; Clinical Epidemiology Program, University of Ottawa and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa; Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Population Health, Ottawa, Canada.,L.J. Maxwell, MSc, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Centre for Practice-Changing Research; G.A. Wells, MSc, PhD, School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa and Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute; L.S. Simon, MD, SDG LLC; P.G. Conaghan, MBBS, PhD, FRACP, FRCP, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds & NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit; S. Grosskleg, University of Ottawa; K. Scrivens, BA, Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa; D.E. Beaton, BScOT, PhD, Institute for Work & Health; C.O. Bingham III, MD; Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University; J.W. Busse, DC, PhD, Department of Anesthesia, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University; R. Christensen, MSc, PhD, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital; N. Goel, MD, Quintiles, Inc., Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Patient Research Partner, Durham, NC, USA; P. Jüni, MD, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine and Clinical Trials Unit Bern, Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern; U. Kaiser, Dr, rer, Nat, Dipl-Psych, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; A. Lyddiatt, Patient Research Partner, London, ON, Canada; P.J. Mease, MD, University of Washington; R.W. Ostelo, Department of Health Sciences (VU University) and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (VU University Medical Centre) of the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research; K. Phillips, MD, PhD, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan; D. Sapunar, MD, PhD, Laboratory for Pain Research, University of Split School of Medicine; J.A. Singh, MBBS, MPH, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Alabama at Birmingham; V. Strand, Division Immunology/Rheumatology Stanford University School of Medicine; A.M. Taylor, PhD, Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Senior Epidemiologist, VU University Medical Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research; P. Tugwell, MD, MSc University of Ottawa, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, University of Ottawa and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Population Health
| | - Shawna Grosskleg
- From the Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa, Canada; School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa and Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Canada; SDG LLC Cambridge, MA, USA; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Leeds, UK; University of Ottawa; Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa; Institute for Work & Health, Toronto, Canada; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Anesthesia, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and the Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Quintiles, Inc., Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA; Institute of Primary Health Care (BIHAM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Health Sciences (VU University) and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (VU University Medical Centre) of the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Laboratory for Pain Research, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA; Division Immunology/Rheumatology Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA; Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; University of Ottawa, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; Clinical Epidemiology Program, University of Ottawa and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa; Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Population Health, Ottawa, Canada.,L.J. Maxwell, MSc, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Centre for Practice-Changing Research; G.A. Wells, MSc, PhD, School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa and Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute; L.S. Simon, MD, SDG LLC; P.G. Conaghan, MBBS, PhD, FRACP, FRCP, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds & NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit; S. Grosskleg, University of Ottawa; K. Scrivens, BA, Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa; D.E. Beaton, BScOT, PhD, Institute for Work & Health; C.O. Bingham III, MD; Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University; J.W. Busse, DC, PhD, Department of Anesthesia, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University; R. Christensen, MSc, PhD, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital; N. Goel, MD, Quintiles, Inc., Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Patient Research Partner, Durham, NC, USA; P. Jüni, MD, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine and Clinical Trials Unit Bern, Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern; U. Kaiser, Dr, rer, Nat, Dipl-Psych, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; A. Lyddiatt, Patient Research Partner, London, ON, Canada; P.J. Mease, MD, University of Washington; R.W. Ostelo, Department of Health Sciences (VU University) and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (VU University Medical Centre) of the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research; K. Phillips, MD, PhD, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan; D. Sapunar, MD, PhD, Laboratory for Pain Research, University of Split School of Medicine; J.A. Singh, MBBS, MPH, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Alabama at Birmingham; V. Strand, Division Immunology/Rheumatology Stanford University School of Medicine; A.M. Taylor, PhD, Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Senior Epidemiologist, VU University Medical Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research; P. Tugwell, MD, MSc University of Ottawa, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, University of Ottawa and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Population Health
| | - Kerry Scrivens
- From the Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa, Canada; School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa and Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Canada; SDG LLC Cambridge, MA, USA; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Leeds, UK; University of Ottawa; Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa; Institute for Work & Health, Toronto, Canada; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Anesthesia, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and the Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Quintiles, Inc., Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA; Institute of Primary Health Care (BIHAM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Health Sciences (VU University) and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (VU University Medical Centre) of the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Laboratory for Pain Research, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA; Division Immunology/Rheumatology Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA; Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; University of Ottawa, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; Clinical Epidemiology Program, University of Ottawa and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa; Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Population Health, Ottawa, Canada.,L.J. Maxwell, MSc, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Centre for Practice-Changing Research; G.A. Wells, MSc, PhD, School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa and Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute; L.S. Simon, MD, SDG LLC; P.G. Conaghan, MBBS, PhD, FRACP, FRCP, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds & NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit; S. Grosskleg, University of Ottawa; K. Scrivens, BA, Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa; D.E. Beaton, BScOT, PhD, Institute for Work & Health; C.O. Bingham III, MD; Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University; J.W. Busse, DC, PhD, Department of Anesthesia, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University; R. Christensen, MSc, PhD, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital; N. Goel, MD, Quintiles, Inc., Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Patient Research Partner, Durham, NC, USA; P. Jüni, MD, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine and Clinical Trials Unit Bern, Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern; U. Kaiser, Dr, rer, Nat, Dipl-Psych, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; A. Lyddiatt, Patient Research Partner, London, ON, Canada; P.J. Mease, MD, University of Washington; R.W. Ostelo, Department of Health Sciences (VU University) and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (VU University Medical Centre) of the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research; K. Phillips, MD, PhD, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan; D. Sapunar, MD, PhD, Laboratory for Pain Research, University of Split School of Medicine; J.A. Singh, MBBS, MPH, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Alabama at Birmingham; V. Strand, Division Immunology/Rheumatology Stanford University School of Medicine; A.M. Taylor, PhD, Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Senior Epidemiologist, VU University Medical Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research; P. Tugwell, MD, MSc University of Ottawa, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, University of Ottawa and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Population Health
| | - Dorcas E Beaton
- From the Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa, Canada; School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa and Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Canada; SDG LLC Cambridge, MA, USA; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Leeds, UK; University of Ottawa; Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa; Institute for Work & Health, Toronto, Canada; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Anesthesia, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and the Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Quintiles, Inc., Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA; Institute of Primary Health Care (BIHAM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Health Sciences (VU University) and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (VU University Medical Centre) of the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Laboratory for Pain Research, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA; Division Immunology/Rheumatology Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA; Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; University of Ottawa, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; Clinical Epidemiology Program, University of Ottawa and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa; Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Population Health, Ottawa, Canada.,L.J. Maxwell, MSc, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Centre for Practice-Changing Research; G.A. Wells, MSc, PhD, School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa and Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute; L.S. Simon, MD, SDG LLC; P.G. Conaghan, MBBS, PhD, FRACP, FRCP, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds & NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit; S. Grosskleg, University of Ottawa; K. Scrivens, BA, Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa; D.E. Beaton, BScOT, PhD, Institute for Work & Health; C.O. Bingham III, MD; Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University; J.W. Busse, DC, PhD, Department of Anesthesia, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University; R. Christensen, MSc, PhD, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital; N. Goel, MD, Quintiles, Inc., Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Patient Research Partner, Durham, NC, USA; P. Jüni, MD, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine and Clinical Trials Unit Bern, Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern; U. Kaiser, Dr, rer, Nat, Dipl-Psych, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; A. Lyddiatt, Patient Research Partner, London, ON, Canada; P.J. Mease, MD, University of Washington; R.W. Ostelo, Department of Health Sciences (VU University) and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (VU University Medical Centre) of the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research; K. Phillips, MD, PhD, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan; D. Sapunar, MD, PhD, Laboratory for Pain Research, University of Split School of Medicine; J.A. Singh, MBBS, MPH, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Alabama at Birmingham; V. Strand, Division Immunology/Rheumatology Stanford University School of Medicine; A.M. Taylor, PhD, Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Senior Epidemiologist, VU University Medical Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research; P. Tugwell, MD, MSc University of Ottawa, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, University of Ottawa and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Population Health
| | - Clifton O Bingham
- From the Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa, Canada; School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa and Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Canada; SDG LLC Cambridge, MA, USA; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Leeds, UK; University of Ottawa; Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa; Institute for Work & Health, Toronto, Canada; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Anesthesia, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and the Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Quintiles, Inc., Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA; Institute of Primary Health Care (BIHAM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Health Sciences (VU University) and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (VU University Medical Centre) of the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Laboratory for Pain Research, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA; Division Immunology/Rheumatology Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA; Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; University of Ottawa, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; Clinical Epidemiology Program, University of Ottawa and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa; Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Population Health, Ottawa, Canada.,L.J. Maxwell, MSc, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Centre for Practice-Changing Research; G.A. Wells, MSc, PhD, School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa and Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute; L.S. Simon, MD, SDG LLC; P.G. Conaghan, MBBS, PhD, FRACP, FRCP, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds & NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit; S. Grosskleg, University of Ottawa; K. Scrivens, BA, Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa; D.E. Beaton, BScOT, PhD, Institute for Work & Health; C.O. Bingham III, MD; Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University; J.W. Busse, DC, PhD, Department of Anesthesia, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University; R. Christensen, MSc, PhD, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital; N. Goel, MD, Quintiles, Inc., Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Patient Research Partner, Durham, NC, USA; P. Jüni, MD, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine and Clinical Trials Unit Bern, Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern; U. Kaiser, Dr, rer, Nat, Dipl-Psych, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; A. Lyddiatt, Patient Research Partner, London, ON, Canada; P.J. Mease, MD, University of Washington; R.W. Ostelo, Department of Health Sciences (VU University) and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (VU University Medical Centre) of the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research; K. Phillips, MD, PhD, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan; D. Sapunar, MD, PhD, Laboratory for Pain Research, University of Split School of Medicine; J.A. Singh, MBBS, MPH, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Alabama at Birmingham; V. Strand, Division Immunology/Rheumatology Stanford University School of Medicine; A.M. Taylor, PhD, Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Senior Epidemiologist, VU University Medical Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research; P. Tugwell, MD, MSc University of Ottawa, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, University of Ottawa and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Population Health
| | - Jason W Busse
- From the Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa, Canada; School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa and Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Canada; SDG LLC Cambridge, MA, USA; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Leeds, UK; University of Ottawa; Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa; Institute for Work & Health, Toronto, Canada; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Anesthesia, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and the Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Quintiles, Inc., Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA; Institute of Primary Health Care (BIHAM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Health Sciences (VU University) and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (VU University Medical Centre) of the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Laboratory for Pain Research, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA; Division Immunology/Rheumatology Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA; Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; University of Ottawa, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; Clinical Epidemiology Program, University of Ottawa and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa; Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Population Health, Ottawa, Canada.,L.J. Maxwell, MSc, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Centre for Practice-Changing Research; G.A. Wells, MSc, PhD, School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa and Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute; L.S. Simon, MD, SDG LLC; P.G. Conaghan, MBBS, PhD, FRACP, FRCP, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds & NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit; S. Grosskleg, University of Ottawa; K. Scrivens, BA, Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa; D.E. Beaton, BScOT, PhD, Institute for Work & Health; C.O. Bingham III, MD; Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University; J.W. Busse, DC, PhD, Department of Anesthesia, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University; R. Christensen, MSc, PhD, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital; N. Goel, MD, Quintiles, Inc., Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Patient Research Partner, Durham, NC, USA; P. Jüni, MD, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine and Clinical Trials Unit Bern, Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern; U. Kaiser, Dr, rer, Nat, Dipl-Psych, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; A. Lyddiatt, Patient Research Partner, London, ON, Canada; P.J. Mease, MD, University of Washington; R.W. Ostelo, Department of Health Sciences (VU University) and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (VU University Medical Centre) of the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research; K. Phillips, MD, PhD, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan; D. Sapunar, MD, PhD, Laboratory for Pain Research, University of Split School of Medicine; J.A. Singh, MBBS, MPH, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Alabama at Birmingham; V. Strand, Division Immunology/Rheumatology Stanford University School of Medicine; A.M. Taylor, PhD, Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Senior Epidemiologist, VU University Medical Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research; P. Tugwell, MD, MSc University of Ottawa, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, University of Ottawa and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Population Health
| | - Robin Christensen
- From the Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa, Canada; School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa and Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Canada; SDG LLC Cambridge, MA, USA; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Leeds, UK; University of Ottawa; Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa; Institute for Work & Health, Toronto, Canada; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Anesthesia, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and the Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Quintiles, Inc., Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA; Institute of Primary Health Care (BIHAM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Health Sciences (VU University) and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (VU University Medical Centre) of the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Laboratory for Pain Research, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA; Division Immunology/Rheumatology Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA; Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; University of Ottawa, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; Clinical Epidemiology Program, University of Ottawa and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa; Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Population Health, Ottawa, Canada.,L.J. Maxwell, MSc, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Centre for Practice-Changing Research; G.A. Wells, MSc, PhD, School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa and Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute; L.S. Simon, MD, SDG LLC; P.G. Conaghan, MBBS, PhD, FRACP, FRCP, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds & NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit; S. Grosskleg, University of Ottawa; K. Scrivens, BA, Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa; D.E. Beaton, BScOT, PhD, Institute for Work & Health; C.O. Bingham III, MD; Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University; J.W. Busse, DC, PhD, Department of Anesthesia, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University; R. Christensen, MSc, PhD, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital; N. Goel, MD, Quintiles, Inc., Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Patient Research Partner, Durham, NC, USA; P. Jüni, MD, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine and Clinical Trials Unit Bern, Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern; U. Kaiser, Dr, rer, Nat, Dipl-Psych, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; A. Lyddiatt, Patient Research Partner, London, ON, Canada; P.J. Mease, MD, University of Washington; R.W. Ostelo, Department of Health Sciences (VU University) and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (VU University Medical Centre) of the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research; K. Phillips, MD, PhD, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan; D. Sapunar, MD, PhD, Laboratory for Pain Research, University of Split School of Medicine; J.A. Singh, MBBS, MPH, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Alabama at Birmingham; V. Strand, Division Immunology/Rheumatology Stanford University School of Medicine; A.M. Taylor, PhD, Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Senior Epidemiologist, VU University Medical Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research; P. Tugwell, MD, MSc University of Ottawa, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, University of Ottawa and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Population Health
| | - Niti Goel
- From the Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa, Canada; School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa and Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Canada; SDG LLC Cambridge, MA, USA; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Leeds, UK; University of Ottawa; Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa; Institute for Work & Health, Toronto, Canada; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Anesthesia, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and the Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Quintiles, Inc., Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA; Institute of Primary Health Care (BIHAM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Health Sciences (VU University) and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (VU University Medical Centre) of the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Laboratory for Pain Research, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA; Division Immunology/Rheumatology Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA; Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; University of Ottawa, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; Clinical Epidemiology Program, University of Ottawa and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa; Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Population Health, Ottawa, Canada.,L.J. Maxwell, MSc, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Centre for Practice-Changing Research; G.A. Wells, MSc, PhD, School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa and Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute; L.S. Simon, MD, SDG LLC; P.G. Conaghan, MBBS, PhD, FRACP, FRCP, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds & NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit; S. Grosskleg, University of Ottawa; K. Scrivens, BA, Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa; D.E. Beaton, BScOT, PhD, Institute for Work & Health; C.O. Bingham III, MD; Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University; J.W. Busse, DC, PhD, Department of Anesthesia, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University; R. Christensen, MSc, PhD, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital; N. Goel, MD, Quintiles, Inc., Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Patient Research Partner, Durham, NC, USA; P. Jüni, MD, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine and Clinical Trials Unit Bern, Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern; U. Kaiser, Dr, rer, Nat, Dipl-Psych, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; A. Lyddiatt, Patient Research Partner, London, ON, Canada; P.J. Mease, MD, University of Washington; R.W. Ostelo, Department of Health Sciences (VU University) and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (VU University Medical Centre) of the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research; K. Phillips, MD, PhD, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan; D. Sapunar, MD, PhD, Laboratory for Pain Research, University of Split School of Medicine; J.A. Singh, MBBS, MPH, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Alabama at Birmingham; V. Strand, Division Immunology/Rheumatology Stanford University School of Medicine; A.M. Taylor, PhD, Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Senior Epidemiologist, VU University Medical Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research; P. Tugwell, MD, MSc University of Ottawa, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, University of Ottawa and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Population Health
| | - Peter Jüni
- From the Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa, Canada; School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa and Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Canada; SDG LLC Cambridge, MA, USA; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Leeds, UK; University of Ottawa; Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa; Institute for Work & Health, Toronto, Canada; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Anesthesia, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and the Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Quintiles, Inc., Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA; Institute of Primary Health Care (BIHAM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Health Sciences (VU University) and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (VU University Medical Centre) of the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Laboratory for Pain Research, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA; Division Immunology/Rheumatology Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA; Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; University of Ottawa, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; Clinical Epidemiology Program, University of Ottawa and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa; Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Population Health, Ottawa, Canada.,L.J. Maxwell, MSc, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Centre for Practice-Changing Research; G.A. Wells, MSc, PhD, School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa and Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute; L.S. Simon, MD, SDG LLC; P.G. Conaghan, MBBS, PhD, FRACP, FRCP, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds & NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit; S. Grosskleg, University of Ottawa; K. Scrivens, BA, Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa; D.E. Beaton, BScOT, PhD, Institute for Work & Health; C.O. Bingham III, MD; Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University; J.W. Busse, DC, PhD, Department of Anesthesia, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University; R. Christensen, MSc, PhD, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital; N. Goel, MD, Quintiles, Inc., Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Patient Research Partner, Durham, NC, USA; P. Jüni, MD, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine and Clinical Trials Unit Bern, Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern; U. Kaiser, Dr, rer, Nat, Dipl-Psych, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; A. Lyddiatt, Patient Research Partner, London, ON, Canada; P.J. Mease, MD, University of Washington; R.W. Ostelo, Department of Health Sciences (VU University) and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (VU University Medical Centre) of the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research; K. Phillips, MD, PhD, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan; D. Sapunar, MD, PhD, Laboratory for Pain Research, University of Split School of Medicine; J.A. Singh, MBBS, MPH, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Alabama at Birmingham; V. Strand, Division Immunology/Rheumatology Stanford University School of Medicine; A.M. Taylor, PhD, Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Senior Epidemiologist, VU University Medical Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research; P. Tugwell, MD, MSc University of Ottawa, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, University of Ottawa and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Population Health
| | - Ulrike Kaiser
- From the Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa, Canada; School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa and Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Canada; SDG LLC Cambridge, MA, USA; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Leeds, UK; University of Ottawa; Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa; Institute for Work & Health, Toronto, Canada; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Anesthesia, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and the Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Quintiles, Inc., Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA; Institute of Primary Health Care (BIHAM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Health Sciences (VU University) and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (VU University Medical Centre) of the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Laboratory for Pain Research, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA; Division Immunology/Rheumatology Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA; Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; University of Ottawa, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; Clinical Epidemiology Program, University of Ottawa and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa; Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Population Health, Ottawa, Canada.,L.J. Maxwell, MSc, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Centre for Practice-Changing Research; G.A. Wells, MSc, PhD, School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa and Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute; L.S. Simon, MD, SDG LLC; P.G. Conaghan, MBBS, PhD, FRACP, FRCP, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds & NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit; S. Grosskleg, University of Ottawa; K. Scrivens, BA, Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa; D.E. Beaton, BScOT, PhD, Institute for Work & Health; C.O. Bingham III, MD; Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University; J.W. Busse, DC, PhD, Department of Anesthesia, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University; R. Christensen, MSc, PhD, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital; N. Goel, MD, Quintiles, Inc., Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Patient Research Partner, Durham, NC, USA; P. Jüni, MD, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine and Clinical Trials Unit Bern, Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern; U. Kaiser, Dr, rer, Nat, Dipl-Psych, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; A. Lyddiatt, Patient Research Partner, London, ON, Canada; P.J. Mease, MD, University of Washington; R.W. Ostelo, Department of Health Sciences (VU University) and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (VU University Medical Centre) of the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research; K. Phillips, MD, PhD, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan; D. Sapunar, MD, PhD, Laboratory for Pain Research, University of Split School of Medicine; J.A. Singh, MBBS, MPH, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Alabama at Birmingham; V. Strand, Division Immunology/Rheumatology Stanford University School of Medicine; A.M. Taylor, PhD, Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Senior Epidemiologist, VU University Medical Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research; P. Tugwell, MD, MSc University of Ottawa, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, University of Ottawa and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Population Health
| | - Anne Lyddiatt
- From the Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa, Canada; School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa and Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Canada; SDG LLC Cambridge, MA, USA; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Leeds, UK; University of Ottawa; Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa; Institute for Work & Health, Toronto, Canada; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Anesthesia, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and the Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Quintiles, Inc., Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA; Institute of Primary Health Care (BIHAM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Health Sciences (VU University) and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (VU University Medical Centre) of the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Laboratory for Pain Research, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA; Division Immunology/Rheumatology Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA; Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; University of Ottawa, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; Clinical Epidemiology Program, University of Ottawa and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa; Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Population Health, Ottawa, Canada.,L.J. Maxwell, MSc, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Centre for Practice-Changing Research; G.A. Wells, MSc, PhD, School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa and Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute; L.S. Simon, MD, SDG LLC; P.G. Conaghan, MBBS, PhD, FRACP, FRCP, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds & NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit; S. Grosskleg, University of Ottawa; K. Scrivens, BA, Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa; D.E. Beaton, BScOT, PhD, Institute for Work & Health; C.O. Bingham III, MD; Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University; J.W. Busse, DC, PhD, Department of Anesthesia, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University; R. Christensen, MSc, PhD, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital; N. Goel, MD, Quintiles, Inc., Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Patient Research Partner, Durham, NC, USA; P. Jüni, MD, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine and Clinical Trials Unit Bern, Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern; U. Kaiser, Dr, rer, Nat, Dipl-Psych, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; A. Lyddiatt, Patient Research Partner, London, ON, Canada; P.J. Mease, MD, University of Washington; R.W. Ostelo, Department of Health Sciences (VU University) and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (VU University Medical Centre) of the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research; K. Phillips, MD, PhD, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan; D. Sapunar, MD, PhD, Laboratory for Pain Research, University of Split School of Medicine; J.A. Singh, MBBS, MPH, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Alabama at Birmingham; V. Strand, Division Immunology/Rheumatology Stanford University School of Medicine; A.M. Taylor, PhD, Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Senior Epidemiologist, VU University Medical Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research; P. Tugwell, MD, MSc University of Ottawa, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, University of Ottawa and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Population Health
| | - Philip J Mease
- From the Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa, Canada; School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa and Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Canada; SDG LLC Cambridge, MA, USA; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Leeds, UK; University of Ottawa; Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa; Institute for Work & Health, Toronto, Canada; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Anesthesia, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and the Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Quintiles, Inc., Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA; Institute of Primary Health Care (BIHAM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Health Sciences (VU University) and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (VU University Medical Centre) of the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Laboratory for Pain Research, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA; Division Immunology/Rheumatology Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA; Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; University of Ottawa, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; Clinical Epidemiology Program, University of Ottawa and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa; Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Population Health, Ottawa, Canada.,L.J. Maxwell, MSc, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Centre for Practice-Changing Research; G.A. Wells, MSc, PhD, School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa and Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute; L.S. Simon, MD, SDG LLC; P.G. Conaghan, MBBS, PhD, FRACP, FRCP, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds & NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit; S. Grosskleg, University of Ottawa; K. Scrivens, BA, Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa; D.E. Beaton, BScOT, PhD, Institute for Work & Health; C.O. Bingham III, MD; Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University; J.W. Busse, DC, PhD, Department of Anesthesia, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University; R. Christensen, MSc, PhD, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital; N. Goel, MD, Quintiles, Inc., Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Patient Research Partner, Durham, NC, USA; P. Jüni, MD, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine and Clinical Trials Unit Bern, Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern; U. Kaiser, Dr, rer, Nat, Dipl-Psych, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; A. Lyddiatt, Patient Research Partner, London, ON, Canada; P.J. Mease, MD, University of Washington; R.W. Ostelo, Department of Health Sciences (VU University) and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (VU University Medical Centre) of the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research; K. Phillips, MD, PhD, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan; D. Sapunar, MD, PhD, Laboratory for Pain Research, University of Split School of Medicine; J.A. Singh, MBBS, MPH, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Alabama at Birmingham; V. Strand, Division Immunology/Rheumatology Stanford University School of Medicine; A.M. Taylor, PhD, Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Senior Epidemiologist, VU University Medical Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research; P. Tugwell, MD, MSc University of Ottawa, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, University of Ottawa and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Population Health
| | - Raymond W Ostelo
- From the Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa, Canada; School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa and Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Canada; SDG LLC Cambridge, MA, USA; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Leeds, UK; University of Ottawa; Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa; Institute for Work & Health, Toronto, Canada; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Anesthesia, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and the Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Quintiles, Inc., Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA; Institute of Primary Health Care (BIHAM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Health Sciences (VU University) and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (VU University Medical Centre) of the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Laboratory for Pain Research, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA; Division Immunology/Rheumatology Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA; Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; University of Ottawa, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; Clinical Epidemiology Program, University of Ottawa and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa; Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Population Health, Ottawa, Canada.,L.J. Maxwell, MSc, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Centre for Practice-Changing Research; G.A. Wells, MSc, PhD, School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa and Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute; L.S. Simon, MD, SDG LLC; P.G. Conaghan, MBBS, PhD, FRACP, FRCP, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds & NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit; S. Grosskleg, University of Ottawa; K. Scrivens, BA, Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa; D.E. Beaton, BScOT, PhD, Institute for Work & Health; C.O. Bingham III, MD; Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University; J.W. Busse, DC, PhD, Department of Anesthesia, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University; R. Christensen, MSc, PhD, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital; N. Goel, MD, Quintiles, Inc., Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Patient Research Partner, Durham, NC, USA; P. Jüni, MD, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine and Clinical Trials Unit Bern, Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern; U. Kaiser, Dr, rer, Nat, Dipl-Psych, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; A. Lyddiatt, Patient Research Partner, London, ON, Canada; P.J. Mease, MD, University of Washington; R.W. Ostelo, Department of Health Sciences (VU University) and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (VU University Medical Centre) of the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research; K. Phillips, MD, PhD, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan; D. Sapunar, MD, PhD, Laboratory for Pain Research, University of Split School of Medicine; J.A. Singh, MBBS, MPH, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Alabama at Birmingham; V. Strand, Division Immunology/Rheumatology Stanford University School of Medicine; A.M. Taylor, PhD, Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Senior Epidemiologist, VU University Medical Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research; P. Tugwell, MD, MSc University of Ottawa, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, University of Ottawa and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Population Health
| | - Kristine Phillips
- From the Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa, Canada; School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa and Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Canada; SDG LLC Cambridge, MA, USA; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Leeds, UK; University of Ottawa; Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa; Institute for Work & Health, Toronto, Canada; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Anesthesia, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and the Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Quintiles, Inc., Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA; Institute of Primary Health Care (BIHAM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Health Sciences (VU University) and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (VU University Medical Centre) of the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Laboratory for Pain Research, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA; Division Immunology/Rheumatology Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA; Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; University of Ottawa, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; Clinical Epidemiology Program, University of Ottawa and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa; Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Population Health, Ottawa, Canada.,L.J. Maxwell, MSc, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Centre for Practice-Changing Research; G.A. Wells, MSc, PhD, School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa and Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute; L.S. Simon, MD, SDG LLC; P.G. Conaghan, MBBS, PhD, FRACP, FRCP, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds & NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit; S. Grosskleg, University of Ottawa; K. Scrivens, BA, Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa; D.E. Beaton, BScOT, PhD, Institute for Work & Health; C.O. Bingham III, MD; Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University; J.W. Busse, DC, PhD, Department of Anesthesia, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University; R. Christensen, MSc, PhD, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital; N. Goel, MD, Quintiles, Inc., Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Patient Research Partner, Durham, NC, USA; P. Jüni, MD, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine and Clinical Trials Unit Bern, Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern; U. Kaiser, Dr, rer, Nat, Dipl-Psych, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; A. Lyddiatt, Patient Research Partner, London, ON, Canada; P.J. Mease, MD, University of Washington; R.W. Ostelo, Department of Health Sciences (VU University) and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (VU University Medical Centre) of the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research; K. Phillips, MD, PhD, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan; D. Sapunar, MD, PhD, Laboratory for Pain Research, University of Split School of Medicine; J.A. Singh, MBBS, MPH, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Alabama at Birmingham; V. Strand, Division Immunology/Rheumatology Stanford University School of Medicine; A.M. Taylor, PhD, Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Senior Epidemiologist, VU University Medical Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research; P. Tugwell, MD, MSc University of Ottawa, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, University of Ottawa and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Population Health
| | - Damir Sapunar
- From the Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa, Canada; School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa and Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Canada; SDG LLC Cambridge, MA, USA; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Leeds, UK; University of Ottawa; Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa; Institute for Work & Health, Toronto, Canada; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Anesthesia, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and the Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Quintiles, Inc., Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA; Institute of Primary Health Care (BIHAM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Health Sciences (VU University) and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (VU University Medical Centre) of the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Laboratory for Pain Research, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA; Division Immunology/Rheumatology Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA; Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; University of Ottawa, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; Clinical Epidemiology Program, University of Ottawa and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa; Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Population Health, Ottawa, Canada.,L.J. Maxwell, MSc, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Centre for Practice-Changing Research; G.A. Wells, MSc, PhD, School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa and Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute; L.S. Simon, MD, SDG LLC; P.G. Conaghan, MBBS, PhD, FRACP, FRCP, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds & NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit; S. Grosskleg, University of Ottawa; K. Scrivens, BA, Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa; D.E. Beaton, BScOT, PhD, Institute for Work & Health; C.O. Bingham III, MD; Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University; J.W. Busse, DC, PhD, Department of Anesthesia, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University; R. Christensen, MSc, PhD, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital; N. Goel, MD, Quintiles, Inc., Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Patient Research Partner, Durham, NC, USA; P. Jüni, MD, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine and Clinical Trials Unit Bern, Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern; U. Kaiser, Dr, rer, Nat, Dipl-Psych, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; A. Lyddiatt, Patient Research Partner, London, ON, Canada; P.J. Mease, MD, University of Washington; R.W. Ostelo, Department of Health Sciences (VU University) and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (VU University Medical Centre) of the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research; K. Phillips, MD, PhD, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan; D. Sapunar, MD, PhD, Laboratory for Pain Research, University of Split School of Medicine; J.A. Singh, MBBS, MPH, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Alabama at Birmingham; V. Strand, Division Immunology/Rheumatology Stanford University School of Medicine; A.M. Taylor, PhD, Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Senior Epidemiologist, VU University Medical Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research; P. Tugwell, MD, MSc University of Ottawa, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, University of Ottawa and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Population Health
| | - Jasvinder A Singh
- From the Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa, Canada; School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa and Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Canada; SDG LLC Cambridge, MA, USA; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Leeds, UK; University of Ottawa; Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa; Institute for Work & Health, Toronto, Canada; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Anesthesia, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and the Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Quintiles, Inc., Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA; Institute of Primary Health Care (BIHAM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Health Sciences (VU University) and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (VU University Medical Centre) of the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Laboratory for Pain Research, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA; Division Immunology/Rheumatology Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA; Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; University of Ottawa, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; Clinical Epidemiology Program, University of Ottawa and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa; Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Population Health, Ottawa, Canada.,L.J. Maxwell, MSc, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Centre for Practice-Changing Research; G.A. Wells, MSc, PhD, School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa and Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute; L.S. Simon, MD, SDG LLC; P.G. Conaghan, MBBS, PhD, FRACP, FRCP, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds & NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit; S. Grosskleg, University of Ottawa; K. Scrivens, BA, Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa; D.E. Beaton, BScOT, PhD, Institute for Work & Health; C.O. Bingham III, MD; Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University; J.W. Busse, DC, PhD, Department of Anesthesia, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University; R. Christensen, MSc, PhD, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital; N. Goel, MD, Quintiles, Inc., Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Patient Research Partner, Durham, NC, USA; P. Jüni, MD, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine and Clinical Trials Unit Bern, Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern; U. Kaiser, Dr, rer, Nat, Dipl-Psych, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; A. Lyddiatt, Patient Research Partner, London, ON, Canada; P.J. Mease, MD, University of Washington; R.W. Ostelo, Department of Health Sciences (VU University) and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (VU University Medical Centre) of the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research; K. Phillips, MD, PhD, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan; D. Sapunar, MD, PhD, Laboratory for Pain Research, University of Split School of Medicine; J.A. Singh, MBBS, MPH, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Alabama at Birmingham; V. Strand, Division Immunology/Rheumatology Stanford University School of Medicine; A.M. Taylor, PhD, Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Senior Epidemiologist, VU University Medical Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research; P. Tugwell, MD, MSc University of Ottawa, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, University of Ottawa and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Population Health
| | - Vibeke Strand
- From the Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa, Canada; School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa and Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Canada; SDG LLC Cambridge, MA, USA; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Leeds, UK; University of Ottawa; Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa; Institute for Work & Health, Toronto, Canada; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Anesthesia, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and the Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Quintiles, Inc., Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA; Institute of Primary Health Care (BIHAM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Health Sciences (VU University) and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (VU University Medical Centre) of the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Laboratory for Pain Research, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA; Division Immunology/Rheumatology Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA; Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; University of Ottawa, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; Clinical Epidemiology Program, University of Ottawa and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa; Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Population Health, Ottawa, Canada.,L.J. Maxwell, MSc, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Centre for Practice-Changing Research; G.A. Wells, MSc, PhD, School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa and Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute; L.S. Simon, MD, SDG LLC; P.G. Conaghan, MBBS, PhD, FRACP, FRCP, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds & NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit; S. Grosskleg, University of Ottawa; K. Scrivens, BA, Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa; D.E. Beaton, BScOT, PhD, Institute for Work & Health; C.O. Bingham III, MD; Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University; J.W. Busse, DC, PhD, Department of Anesthesia, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University; R. Christensen, MSc, PhD, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital; N. Goel, MD, Quintiles, Inc., Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Patient Research Partner, Durham, NC, USA; P. Jüni, MD, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine and Clinical Trials Unit Bern, Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern; U. Kaiser, Dr, rer, Nat, Dipl-Psych, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; A. Lyddiatt, Patient Research Partner, London, ON, Canada; P.J. Mease, MD, University of Washington; R.W. Ostelo, Department of Health Sciences (VU University) and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (VU University Medical Centre) of the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research; K. Phillips, MD, PhD, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan; D. Sapunar, MD, PhD, Laboratory for Pain Research, University of Split School of Medicine; J.A. Singh, MBBS, MPH, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Alabama at Birmingham; V. Strand, Division Immunology/Rheumatology Stanford University School of Medicine; A.M. Taylor, PhD, Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Senior Epidemiologist, VU University Medical Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research; P. Tugwell, MD, MSc University of Ottawa, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, University of Ottawa and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Population Health
| | - Ann M Taylor
- From the Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa, Canada; School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa and Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Canada; SDG LLC Cambridge, MA, USA; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Leeds, UK; University of Ottawa; Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa; Institute for Work & Health, Toronto, Canada; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Anesthesia, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and the Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Quintiles, Inc., Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA; Institute of Primary Health Care (BIHAM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Health Sciences (VU University) and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (VU University Medical Centre) of the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Laboratory for Pain Research, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA; Division Immunology/Rheumatology Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA; Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; University of Ottawa, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; Clinical Epidemiology Program, University of Ottawa and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa; Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Population Health, Ottawa, Canada.,L.J. Maxwell, MSc, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Centre for Practice-Changing Research; G.A. Wells, MSc, PhD, School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa and Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute; L.S. Simon, MD, SDG LLC; P.G. Conaghan, MBBS, PhD, FRACP, FRCP, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds & NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit; S. Grosskleg, University of Ottawa; K. Scrivens, BA, Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa; D.E. Beaton, BScOT, PhD, Institute for Work & Health; C.O. Bingham III, MD; Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University; J.W. Busse, DC, PhD, Department of Anesthesia, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University; R. Christensen, MSc, PhD, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital; N. Goel, MD, Quintiles, Inc., Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Patient Research Partner, Durham, NC, USA; P. Jüni, MD, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine and Clinical Trials Unit Bern, Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern; U. Kaiser, Dr, rer, Nat, Dipl-Psych, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; A. Lyddiatt, Patient Research Partner, London, ON, Canada; P.J. Mease, MD, University of Washington; R.W. Ostelo, Department of Health Sciences (VU University) and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (VU University Medical Centre) of the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research; K. Phillips, MD, PhD, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan; D. Sapunar, MD, PhD, Laboratory for Pain Research, University of Split School of Medicine; J.A. Singh, MBBS, MPH, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Alabama at Birmingham; V. Strand, Division Immunology/Rheumatology Stanford University School of Medicine; A.M. Taylor, PhD, Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Senior Epidemiologist, VU University Medical Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research; P. Tugwell, MD, MSc University of Ottawa, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, University of Ottawa and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Population Health
| | - Caroline B Terwee
- From the Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa, Canada; School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa and Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Canada; SDG LLC Cambridge, MA, USA; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Leeds, UK; University of Ottawa; Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa; Institute for Work & Health, Toronto, Canada; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Anesthesia, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and the Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Quintiles, Inc., Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA; Institute of Primary Health Care (BIHAM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Health Sciences (VU University) and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (VU University Medical Centre) of the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Laboratory for Pain Research, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA; Division Immunology/Rheumatology Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA; Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; University of Ottawa, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; Clinical Epidemiology Program, University of Ottawa and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa; Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Population Health, Ottawa, Canada.,L.J. Maxwell, MSc, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Centre for Practice-Changing Research; G.A. Wells, MSc, PhD, School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa and Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute; L.S. Simon, MD, SDG LLC; P.G. Conaghan, MBBS, PhD, FRACP, FRCP, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds & NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit; S. Grosskleg, University of Ottawa; K. Scrivens, BA, Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa; D.E. Beaton, BScOT, PhD, Institute for Work & Health; C.O. Bingham III, MD; Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University; J.W. Busse, DC, PhD, Department of Anesthesia, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University; R. Christensen, MSc, PhD, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital; N. Goel, MD, Quintiles, Inc., Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Patient Research Partner, Durham, NC, USA; P. Jüni, MD, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine and Clinical Trials Unit Bern, Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern; U. Kaiser, Dr, rer, Nat, Dipl-Psych, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; A. Lyddiatt, Patient Research Partner, London, ON, Canada; P.J. Mease, MD, University of Washington; R.W. Ostelo, Department of Health Sciences (VU University) and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (VU University Medical Centre) of the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research; K. Phillips, MD, PhD, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan; D. Sapunar, MD, PhD, Laboratory for Pain Research, University of Split School of Medicine; J.A. Singh, MBBS, MPH, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Alabama at Birmingham; V. Strand, Division Immunology/Rheumatology Stanford University School of Medicine; A.M. Taylor, PhD, Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Senior Epidemiologist, VU University Medical Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research; P. Tugwell, MD, MSc University of Ottawa, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, University of Ottawa and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Population Health
| | - Peter Tugwell
- From the Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Centre for Practice-Changing Research, Ottawa, Canada; School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa and Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Canada; SDG LLC Cambridge, MA, USA; Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds and NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit, Leeds, UK; University of Ottawa; Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa; Institute for Work & Health, Toronto, Canada; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Anesthesia, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and the Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada; Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Quintiles, Inc., Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA; Institute of Primary Health Care (BIHAM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany; University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Health Sciences (VU University) and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (VU University Medical Centre) of the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Laboratory for Pain Research, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia; Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA; Division Immunology/Rheumatology Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA; Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; University of Ottawa, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute; Clinical Epidemiology Program, University of Ottawa and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa; Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Population Health, Ottawa, Canada.,L.J. Maxwell, MSc, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Centre for Practice-Changing Research; G.A. Wells, MSc, PhD, School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa and Cardiovascular Research Methods Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute; L.S. Simon, MD, SDG LLC; P.G. Conaghan, MBBS, PhD, FRACP, FRCP, Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds & NIHR Leeds Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Unit; S. Grosskleg, University of Ottawa; K. Scrivens, BA, Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa; D.E. Beaton, BScOT, PhD, Institute for Work & Health; C.O. Bingham III, MD; Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University; J.W. Busse, DC, PhD, Department of Anesthesia, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, and Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Pain Research and Care, McMaster University; R. Christensen, MSc, PhD, Musculoskeletal Statistics Unit, The Parker Institute, Department of Rheumatology, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital; N. Goel, MD, Quintiles, Inc., Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Patient Research Partner, Durham, NC, USA; P. Jüni, MD, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine and Clinical Trials Unit Bern, Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern; U. Kaiser, Dr, rer, Nat, Dipl-Psych, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus; A. Lyddiatt, Patient Research Partner, London, ON, Canada; P.J. Mease, MD, University of Washington; R.W. Ostelo, Department of Health Sciences (VU University) and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (VU University Medical Centre) of the EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research; K. Phillips, MD, PhD, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan; D. Sapunar, MD, PhD, Laboratory for Pain Research, University of Split School of Medicine; J.A. Singh, MBBS, MPH, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Alabama at Birmingham; V. Strand, Division Immunology/Rheumatology Stanford University School of Medicine; A.M. Taylor, PhD, Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University; C.B. Terwee, PhD, Senior Epidemiologist, VU University Medical Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research; P. Tugwell, MD, MSc University of Ottawa, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program, University of Ottawa and School of Epidemiology, Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ottawa, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Population Health
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