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Saifi B, Haftcheshmeh SM, Feligioni M, Izadpanah E, Rahimi K, Hassanzadeh K, Mohammadi A, Sahebkar A. An overview of the therapeutic effects of curcumin in reproductive disorders with a focus on the antiinflammatory and immunomodulatory activities. Phytother Res 2022; 36:808-823. [PMID: 35041229 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Curcumin, the polyphenolic compound obtained from turmeric, has several pharmacological properties. These properties include antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-angiogenic, anticarcinogenic, antiinflammatory, and immunomodulatory activities. Therefore, the clinical efficacy of this substance has been largely investigated for curing numerous disorders. Based on a growing body of literature, this review aimed to investigate curcumin's molecular and clinical effects on reproduction and related disorders. Curcumin in the female reproductive system attenuates folliculogenesis, promotes apoptosis of oocytes and blastocyst, and decreases embryo implantation and survival. Curcumin at <100 mg concentration shows protective effects against testicular injury. The concentration of >250 mg of curcumin exhibits immobilizing action on sperms, and at 500 mg concentration completely blocks pregnancy. Curcumin inhibits vaginal infections, attenuates the severity of the premenstrual syndrome, ameliorates inflammatory conditions in polycystic ovary syndrome, improves preeclampsia, and prevents ectopic endometrial lesions. Taken together, curcumin, because of the numerous biological activities, low level of toxicity, and lower adverse effects compared to the synthetic drugs, could be considered as a protective agent for preserving the semen quality parameters, a contraceptive, and chemotherapeutic or chemopreventive agent, as well as an appropriate agent for the treatment of female reproductive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bita Saifi
- Department of Anatomy, Mashhad Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Marco Feligioni
- Laboratory of Neuronal Cell Signaling, EBRI Rita Levi-Montalcini Foundation, Rome, Italy.,Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences, Casa di Cura del Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Esmael Izadpanah
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Kaveh Rahimi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Kambiz Hassanzadeh
- Laboratory of Neuronal Cell Signaling, EBRI Rita Levi-Montalcini Foundation, Rome, Italy.,Department of Neurorehabilitation Sciences, Casa di Cura del Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Asadollah Mohammadi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,Department of Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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2
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Liu Z, Smart JD, Pannala AS. Recent developments in formulation design for improving oral bioavailability of curcumin: A review. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.102082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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3
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Mahobiya P, Rai G, Namdev N. Ascorbic acid and curcumin alleviate abnormal estrous cycle and morphological changes in cells induced by repeated ultraviolet B radiations in female Wistar rats. ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTION 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/2305-0500.284276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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4
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A Toxicological Evaluation of Mango Leaf Extract ( Mangifera indica) Containing 60% Mangiferin. J Toxicol 2019; 2019:4763015. [PMID: 31467524 PMCID: PMC6699309 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4763015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A battery of OECD- and GLP-compliant toxicological studies was performed on mango leaf extract (Mangifera indica) containing 60% mangiferin (MLE). No evidence of genotoxicity was found in a bacterial reverse mutation test (Ames). While evidence of clastogenic activity was noted in an in vitro chromosomal aberration test, an in vivo mammalian micronucleus test showed no findings up to the limit dose (2000 mg/kg bw). A 90-day repeated dose oral toxicity study was conducted in rats using doses of 0 (vehicle control), 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/kg bw/day. Based on the lack of mortality or toxic effects in the 90-day study, the NOAEL for MLE in Han:Wist male and female rats was determined to be 2000 mg/kg bw/day, the highest dose tested.
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5
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Bonam SR, Wu YS, Tunki L, Chellian R, Halmuthur MSK, Muller S, Pandy V. What Has Come out from Phytomedicines and Herbal Edibles for the Treatment of Cancer? ChemMedChem 2018; 13:1854-1872. [PMID: 29927521 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201800343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Several modern treatment strategies have been adopted to combat cancer with the aim of minimizing toxicity. Medicinal plant-based compounds with the potential to treat cancer have been widely studied in preclinical research and have elicited many innovations in cutting-edge clinical research. In parallel, researchers have eagerly tried to decrease the toxicity of current chemotherapeutic agents either by combining them with herbals or in using herbals alone. The aim of this article is to present an update of medicinal plants and their bioactive compounds, or mere changes in the bioactive compounds, along with herbal edibles, which display efficacy against diverse cancer cells and in anticancer therapy. It describes the basic mechanism(s) of action of phytochemicals used either alone or in combination therapy with other phytochemicals or herbal edibles. This review also highlights the remarkable synergistic effects that arise between certain herbals and chemotherapeutic agents used in oncology. The anticancer phytochemicals used in clinical research are also described; furthermore, we discuss our own experience related to semisynthetic derivatives, which are developed based on phytochemicals. Overall, this compilation is intended to facilitate research and development projects on phytopharmaceuticals for successful anticancer drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivasa Reddy Bonam
- UMR 7242 CNRS, Biotechnology and Cell Signaling, University of Strasbourg, Laboratory of Excellence Medalis, Illkirch, 67400, France.,Vaccine Immunology Laboratory, Natural Product Chemistry Division, CSIR - Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Hyderabad, 500007, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR - Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | - Yuan Seng Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Lakshmi Tunki
- Vaccine Immunology Laboratory, Natural Product Chemistry Division, CSIR - Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | - Ranjithkumar Chellian
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mahabalarao Sampath Kumar Halmuthur
- Vaccine Immunology Laboratory, Natural Product Chemistry Division, CSIR - Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (IICT), Hyderabad, 500007, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, CSIR - Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | - Sylviane Muller
- UMR 7242 CNRS, Biotechnology and Cell Signaling, University of Strasbourg, Laboratory of Excellence Medalis, Illkirch, 67400, France.,University of Strasbourg Institute for Advanced Study (USIAS), Strasbourg, 67000, France
| | - Vijayapandi Pandy
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Department of Pharmacology, Chalapathi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lam, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, 522034, India
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6
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Damarla SR, Komma R, Bhatnagar U, Rajesh N, Mulla SMA. An Evaluation of the Genotoxicity and Subchronic Oral Toxicity of Synthetic Curcumin. J Toxicol 2018; 2018:6872753. [PMID: 30111997 PMCID: PMC6077508 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6872753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A battery of toxicological studies was conducted in accordance with international guidelines to investigate the genotoxicity and repeated-dose oral toxicity in rats of synthetic curcumin (VEAMIN 99, >99% purity). There was no evidence of mutagenicity in a bacterial reverse mutation test, whereas an in vitro mammalian chromosomal aberration test was positive for induction of chromosomal aberrations which is in line with results reported for natural curcumin. There was no evidence of genotoxicity in an in vivo mammalian micronucleus test. Synthetic curcumin did not cause mortality or toxic effects in a 90-day repeated-dose oral toxicity study at daily doses of 250, 500, or 1000 mg/kg body weight (bw)/day (administered by gavage in a split dose). The no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) determined from the 90-day study was 1000 mg/kg bw/day for both male and female Wistar rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreenivasa Rao Damarla
- Laurus Labs Pvt. Ltd., Plot No:DS1, IKP Knowledge Park, Genome Valley, Turkapally, Shameerpet, Hyderabad 500 078, India
| | - Rajesh Komma
- Laurus Labs Pvt. Ltd., Plot No:DS1, IKP Knowledge Park, Genome Valley, Turkapally, Shameerpet, Hyderabad 500 078, India
| | - Upendra Bhatnagar
- Vimta Labs Limited, Pre-Clinical Division, Vimta Life Sciences Facility, Plot No. 5, MN Science and Technology Park, Genome Valley, Hyderabad 500 078, India
| | - Navin Rajesh
- Vimta Labs Limited, Pre-Clinical Division, Vimta Life Sciences Facility, Plot No. 5, MN Science and Technology Park, Genome Valley, Hyderabad 500 078, India
| | - Sadik Mohmad Abdulhamid Mulla
- Vimta Labs Limited, Pre-Clinical Division, Vimta Life Sciences Facility, Plot No. 5, MN Science and Technology Park, Genome Valley, Hyderabad 500 078, India
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7
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A Toxicological Evaluation of a Standardized Hydrogenated Extract of Curcumin (CuroWhite™). J Toxicol 2018; 2018:5243617. [PMID: 29610573 PMCID: PMC5828043 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5243617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of toxicological investigations were conducted in order to evaluate the genotoxic potential and repeated-dose oral toxicity of CuroWhite, a proprietary extract of curcumin that has been hydrogenated and standardized to not less than 25% hydrogenated curcuminoid content. All tests were conducted in general accordance with internationally accepted standards. The test item was not mutagenic in the bacterial reverse mutation test or in vitro mammalian chromosomal aberration test, and no in vivo genotoxic activity was observed in rat bone marrow in the micronucleus test. A 90-day repeated-dose study was conducted in male and female Sprague-Dawley rats. Two mortalities occurred in the main and satellite high-dose groups and were determined due to gavage error. No organ specific or other toxic effects of the test item were observed up to the maximum dose of 800 mg/kg bw/day, administered by gavage. NOAEL was, therefore, estimated as 800 mg/kg bw/day.
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8
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Inhibitory effects of curcumin and cyclocurcumin in 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP +) induced neurotoxicity in differentiated PC12 cells. Sci Rep 2017; 7:16977. [PMID: 29209088 PMCID: PMC5717177 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17268-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Development and progression of neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinson’s disease (PD) involve multiple pathways. Thus, effective therapeutic treatments should intervene to address all these pathways simultaneously for greater success. Most of the current pharmacotherapeutic approaches just supplement striatal dopamine. Hence, natural extracts of plants with therapeutic potential have been explored. Curcuminoids belong to one such group of polyphenol which show immense therapeutic effects. Here, we have used intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) measurement, and two-photon fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (2P-FLIM) of cellular autofluorescent co-enzyme reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) to study the inhibitory effects of curcumin and cyclocurcumin in alleviating PD like neurotoxicity of 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) in neuronal growth factor (NGF) induced differentiated PC12 cells. Our results showed that both cyclocurcumin and curcumin reduced the level of ROS caused by MPP+ treatment. Moreover, a significant increase in the free, protein-bound, and average NADH fluorescence lifetimes along with a decrease in the relative contribution of free- vs. protein-bound NADH components in curcuminoids treated cells (pretreated with MPP+) were observed compared with those treated with MPP+ only. This study, which indicates that cyclocurcumin offers higher neuronal protection than curcumin, may initiate further studies of these compounds in the cure of neurodegenerative diseases.
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9
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Serobatse KR, Kabanda MM. An appraisal of the hydrogen atom transfer mechanism for the reaction between thiourea derivatives and OH radical: A case-study of dimethylthiourea and diethylthiourea. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2016.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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10
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Luijten M, Zwart EP, Dollé MET, de Pooter M, Cox JA, White PA, van Benthem J. Evaluation of the LacZ reporter assay in cryopreserved primary hepatocytes for In vitro genotoxicity testing. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2016; 57:643-655. [PMID: 27859631 DOI: 10.1002/em.22063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Assessment of genotoxic potential is an important step in the safety evaluation of chemical substances. Under most regulatory jurisdictions, the first tier of testing comprises a standard battery of in vitro genotoxicity tests in bacterial and mammalian cells. However, the mammalian cell tests commonly used exhibit a relatively high rate of misleading positive results, which may lead to unnecessary in vivo testing. We previously established a proof-of-concept for the LacZ reporter assay in proliferating primary hepatocytes as a promising alternative genotoxicity test. Here, cryopreserved instead of freshly isolated hepatocytes were used and the assay was evaluated in more detail. We examined the effect of cryopreservation on phenotype and metabolic capacity of the LacZ hepatocytes, and assessed the predictive performance of the assay by testing a set of substances comprising true positive, true negative, and misleading positive substances. Additionally, a historical negative control database was created and the type of mutations induced was analyzed for two of the substances tested. Our findings indicate that proliferating cryopreserved primary hepatocytes derived from LacZ plasmid mice retain their hepatocyte-specific characteristics and metabolic competence. Furthermore, we demonstrate that both gene mutations and genome rearrangements due to large deletions can be detected with the LacZ reporter assay. The assay seems to have a lower rate of misleading positive test results compared to the assays currently used. Together, our findings strongly support the use of the LacZ reporter assay in cryopreserved primary hepatocytes as follow-up to the standard in vitro test battery for genotoxicity testing. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 57:643-655, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirjam Luijten
- Centre for Health Protection, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Edwin P Zwart
- Centre for Health Protection, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn E T Dollé
- Centre for Health Protection, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Maaike de Pooter
- Centre for Health Protection, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Julie A Cox
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Paul A White
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jan van Benthem
- Centre for Health Protection, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands
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11
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Ricci P, Khotavivattana T, Pfeifer L, Médebielle M, Morphy JR, Gouverneur V. The dual role of thiourea in the thiotrifluoromethylation of alkenes. Chem Sci 2016; 8:1195-1199. [PMID: 28451260 PMCID: PMC5369526 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc02790c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Alkenes substituted with a thiourea undergo C-CF3 followed by intramolecular C-S bond formation with the Togni reagent and trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) at room temperature; thiols and thioamides are not suitable S-sources for this reaction. This anti-addition process involves a CF3 radical, and affords CF3-substituted thiazolines and thiazines for medicinal applications. A metal or photoredox catalyst is not required as the thiourea acts as a reductant, as well as serving as an S-source capable of adding to a C-centered radical. Mechanistic work comparing the reactivity of thiourea, urea, thioamide and thiol in the context of alkene trifluoromethylation demonstrates that in this series, the thiourea is unique for its ability to release CF3 radical from the Togni reagent, and to orchestrate trifluoromethylation followed by S-cyclization with both activated and unactivated alkenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Ricci
- Chemistry Research Laboratory , Department of Chemistry , Oxford University , OX1 3TA , UK .
| | - Tanatorn Khotavivattana
- Chemistry Research Laboratory , Department of Chemistry , Oxford University , OX1 3TA , UK .
| | - Lukas Pfeifer
- Chemistry Research Laboratory , Department of Chemistry , Oxford University , OX1 3TA , UK .
| | - Maurice Médebielle
- Université de Lyon , Université Claude Bernard Lyon I , ICBMS UMR CNRS - UCBL - CPE - INSA 5246 , Equipe Synthèse de Molécules d'Intérêt Thérapeutique (SMITh) , 43 bd du 11 Novembre 1918 , Villeurbanne 69622 , France
| | - John Richard Morphy
- Medicinal Chemistry , Eli Lilly and Company Limited , Erl Wood Manor, Sunninghill Road , Windlesham , Surrey GU20 6PH , UK
| | - Véronique Gouverneur
- Chemistry Research Laboratory , Department of Chemistry , Oxford University , OX1 3TA , UK .
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12
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Abou-Hamdan M, Gardette B, Cadet J, Gharib B, De Reggi M, Douki T, Triantaphylides C. Molecular hydrogen attenuates radiation-induced nucleobase damage to DNA in aerated aqueous solutions. Int J Radiat Biol 2016; 92:536-41. [PMID: 27438130 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2016.1206234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The main aim of the present study is to gain mechanistic insights into the modulating effect of molecular hydrogen on the γ-radiation-induced alteration pathways of DNA nucleobases. MATERIALS AND METHODS Aerated aqueous solutions of calf thymus DNA were exposed to a (60)Co source at doses ranging from 0 to 55 Gy under normoxic conditions, in the presence or not of 0.7 MPa hydrogen or helium. The measurement of several modified bases was performed using HPLC associated with electrospray ionization tandem pass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS). Bleaching of aqueous solutions of p-nitrosodimethylaniline (p-NDA) solutions was also used to allow the quantification of hydroxyl radical (•OH) formation. RESULTS pNDA bleaching was significantly reduced in the presence of hyperbaric hydrogen. This is undoubtedly due to (•)OH scavenging by H2 since, under the same conditions, He had no effect. Similarly, base alterations were significantly reduced in the presence of hydrogen, as compared to controls under normal atmosphere or in the presence of helium. The relative proportions of modified nucleobases were not changed, showing that the only effect of H2 is to scavenge (•)OH without exhibiting reducing properties. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate that H2 exerts a significant protection against radiation-induced DNA base damage in aqueous solutions, (•)OH scavenging being the only mechanism involved.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jean Cadet
- c Département de Médecine Nucléaire et de Radiobiologie , Université de Sherbrooke , Sherbrooke , Québec J1H 5N4 , Canada
| | - Bouchra Gharib
- a CNRS, NICN UMR 7259, Aix Marseille University , Marseille , France
| | - Max De Reggi
- a CNRS, NICN UMR 7259, Aix Marseille University , Marseille , France
| | - Thierry Douki
- d INAC, LCIB, LAN, Univ. Grenoble Alpes , Grenoble , France
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13
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Lourenço AL, Saito MS, Dorneles LEG, Viana GM, Sathler PC, Aguiar LCDS, de Pádula M, Domingos TFS, Fraga AGM, Rodrigues CR, de Sousa VP, Castro HC, Cabral LM. Synthesis and antiplatelet activity of antithrombotic thiourea compounds: biological and structure-activity relationship studies. Molecules 2015; 20:7174-200. [PMID: 25903367 PMCID: PMC6272548 DOI: 10.3390/molecules20047174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Revised: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of hematological disorders has increased steadily in Western countries despite the advances in drug development. The high expression of the multi-resistance protein 4 in patients with transitory aspirin resistance, points to the importance of finding new molecules, including those that are not affected by these proteins. In this work, we describe the synthesis and biological evaluation of a series of N,N'-disubstituted thioureas derivatives using in vitro and in silico approaches. New designed compounds inhibit the arachidonic acid pathway in human platelets. The most active thioureas (compounds 3d, 3i, 3m and 3p) displayed IC50 values ranging from 29 to 84 µM with direct influence over in vitro PGE2 and TXA2 formation. In silico evaluation of these compounds suggests that direct blockage of the tyrosyl-radical at the COX-1 active site is achieved by strong hydrophobic contacts as well as electrostatic interactions. A low toxicity profile of this series was observed through hemolytic, genotoxic and mutagenic assays. The most active thioureas were able to reduce both PGE2 and TXB2 production in human platelets, suggesting a direct inhibition of COX-1. These results reinforce their promising profile as lead antiplatelet agents for further in vivo experimental investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Luiz Lourenço
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Patologia, Departamento de Patologia, Hospital Universitário Antônio Pedro (HUAP), Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), Niterói CEP 24033-900, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Max Seidy Saito
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Patologia, Departamento de Patologia, Hospital Universitário Antônio Pedro (HUAP), Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), Niterói CEP 24033-900, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Luís Eduardo Gomes Dorneles
- LabTIF, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro CEP 21941-902, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Gil Mendes Viana
- LabTIF, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro CEP 21941-902, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Plínio Cunha Sathler
- LabTIF, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro CEP 21941-902, RJ, Brazil.
| | | | - Marcelo de Pádula
- LabTIF, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro CEP 21941-902, RJ, Brazil.
| | | | - Aline Guerra Manssour Fraga
- LabTIF, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro CEP 21941-902, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Carlos Rangel Rodrigues
- ModMolQSAR, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro CEP 21941-902, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Valeria Pereira de Sousa
- LabTIF, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro CEP 21941-902, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Helena Carla Castro
- LABiEMOL, Departamento de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF), Niterói CEP 24033-900, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Lucio Mendes Cabral
- LabTIF, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro CEP 21941-902, RJ, Brazil.
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Lee WH, Loo CY, Bebawy M, Luk F, Mason RS, Rohanizadeh R. Curcumin and its derivatives: their application in neuropharmacology and neuroscience in the 21st century. Curr Neuropharmacol 2013; 11:338-78. [PMID: 24381528 PMCID: PMC3744901 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x11311040002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 296] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2013] [Revised: 03/17/2013] [Accepted: 03/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcumin (diferuloylmethane), a polyphenol extracted from the plant Curcuma longa, is widely used in Southeast Asia, China and India in food preparation and for medicinal purposes. Since the second half of the last century, this traditional medicine has attracted the attention of scientists from multiple disciplines to elucidate its pharmacological properties. Of significant interest is curcumin's role to treat neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease (AD), and Parkinson's disease (PD) and malignancy. These diseases all share an inflammatory basis, involving increased cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and oxidative damage to lipids, nucleic acids and proteins. The therapeutic benefits of curcumin for these neurodegenerative diseases appear multifactorial via regulation of transcription factors, cytokines and enzymes associated with (Nuclear factor kappa beta) NFκB activity. This review describes the historical use of curcumin in medicine, its chemistry, stability and biological activities, including curcumin's anti-cancer, anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. The review further discusses the pharmacology of curcumin and provides new perspectives on its therapeutic potential and limitations. Especially, the review focuses in detail on the effectiveness of curcumin and its mechanism of actions in treating neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases and brain malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wing-Hin Lee
- Advanced Drug Delivery Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Ching-Yee Loo
- Advanced Drug Delivery Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Mary Bebawy
- School of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney PO Box 123 Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Frederick Luk
- School of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney PO Box 123 Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Rebecca S Mason
- Physiology and Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Ramin Rohanizadeh
- Advanced Drug Delivery Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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15
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Srivastava AK, Srivastava S, Penna S, D'Souza SF. Thiourea orchestrates regulation of redox state and antioxidant responses to reduce the NaCl-induced oxidative damage in Indian mustard (Brassica juncea (L.) Czern.). PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2011; 49:676-86. [PMID: 21421325 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2011.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2010] [Accepted: 02/17/2011] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Thiourea (TU) has been found to enhance the stress tolerance of plants in our earlier field trials. In the present study, the TU mediated effect on the redox and antioxidant responses were studied in response to salinity (NaCl) stress in Indian mustard (Brassica juncea (L.) Czern.) seedlings. Biochemical analyses of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation revealed that TU supplementation to NaCl brought down their levels to near control values as compared to that of NaCl stress. These positive effects could be correlated to the significant increases in the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)-radical scavenging activity, in the levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) and GSH/GSSG (reduced/oxidized glutathione) ratio and in the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD; EC 1.1.5.1.1) and glutathione reductase (GR; EC 1.6.4.2) in NaCl+TU treatment as compared to that of NaCl treatment. Further, TU supplementation allowed plants to avoid an over-accumulation of pyridine nucleotides, to stimulate alternative pathways (through higher glycolate oxidase activity; EC 1.1.3.15) for channeling reducing equivalents and thus, to maintain the redox state to near control levels. These positive responses were also linked to an increased energy utilization (analyzed in terms of ATP/ADP ratio) and presumably to an early signaling of the stress through stimulated activity of ascorbate oxidase (EC 1.10.3.3), an important component of stress signaling. A significant reduction observed in the level of sodium ion (Na(+)) accumulation indicated that TU mediated tolerance is attributable to salt avoidance. Thus, the present study suggested that TU treatment regulated redox and antioxidant machinery to reduce the NaCl-induced oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish K Srivastava
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India.
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Yanagida T, Tsushima J, Kitamura Y, Yanagisawa D, Takata K, Shibaike T, Yamamoto A, Taniguchi T, Yasui H, Taira T, Morikawa S, Inubushi T, Tooyama I, Ariga H. Oxidative stress induction of DJ-1 protein in reactive astrocytes scavenges free radicals and reduces cell injury. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2011; 2:36-42. [PMID: 20046643 PMCID: PMC2763229 DOI: 10.4161/oxim.2.1.7985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2009] [Revised: 01/26/2009] [Accepted: 01/29/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Astrocytes, one of the predominant types of glial cells, function as both supportive and metabolic cells for the brain. Under cerebral ischemia/reperfusion-induced oxidative conditions, astrocytes accumulate and activate in the ischemic region. DJ-1 has recently been shown to be a sensor of oxidative stress in living cells. However, the function of astrocytic DJ-1 is still unknown. In the present study, to clarify the effect of astrocytic DJ-1 protein under massive oxidative insult, we used a focal ischemic rat model that had been subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and reperfusion. We then investigated changes in the distribution of DJ-1 in astrocytes, DJ-1 release from cultured astrocytes, and the effects of recombinant DJ-1 protein on hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2))-induced death in normal and DJ-1-knockdown SH-SY5Y cells and on in vitro scavenging of hydroxyl radicals ((*)OH) by electron spin resonance spectrometry. At 24 h after 2-h MCAO and reperfusion, an infarct lesion was markedly observed using magnetic resonance imaging and 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining. In addition, reactive astrocytes enhanced DJ-1 expression in the penumbral zone of the ischemic core and that DJ-1 protein was extracellularly released from astrocytes by H2O2 in in vitro primary cultures. Although DJ-1-knockdown SH-SY5Y cells were markedly vulnerable to oxidative stress, treatment with glutathione S-transferase-tagged recombinant human DJ-1 protein (GST-DJ-1) significantly inhibited H(2)O(2)-induced cell death. In addition, GST-DJ-1 protein directly scavenged (*)OH. These results suggest that oxidative stress induces the release of astrocytic DJ-1 protein, which may contribute to astrocyte-mediated neuroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Yanagida
- Department of Neurobiology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan
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Mendonça LM, Dos Santos GC, Antonucci GA, Dos Santos AC, Bianchi MDLP, Antunes LMG. Evaluation of the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of curcumin in PC12 cells. Mutat Res 2009; 675:29-34. [PMID: 19386244 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2009.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2008] [Revised: 12/23/2008] [Accepted: 02/04/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Neurotoxicity induced by reactive oxygen species can appear as an adverse effect of chemotherapy treatment with platinum compounds, such as cisplatin. The use of this drug in clinical practice is limited due to its adverse effects, including nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity, neurotoxicity and genotoxicity. Functional foods or nutraceuticals have demonstrated potential neuroprotective activity in several experiments and models. This study aimed to investigate the possible cytotoxicity and genotoxicity/antigenotoxic effects of curcumin in PC12 cells exposed to cisplatin. Cell viability and genotoxicity/antigenotoxicity were evaluated by the MTT assay and micronucleus test, respectively. PC12 cells were treated with different concentrations of cisplatin and curcumin (0.5 -- 128 microg/mL). Analysis of the results showed that high concentrations of curcumin were cytotoxic and increased micronuclei frequency compared to the control group. In the associated treatments, at all three concentrations evaluated, curcumin significantly reduced the total frequency of micronuclei induced by cisplatin. Determining the cytotoxic and genotoxic/antigenotoxic effects of this frequently used antioxidant in a neuronal model is important to assess possible hazards when combined with other chemical agents, including chemotherapy drugs used in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Meneghin Mendonça
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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18
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Yanagida T, Takeuchi H, Kitamura Y, Takata K, Minamino H, Shibaike T, Tsushima J, Kishimoto K, Yasui H, Taniguchi T, Shimohama S. Synergistic effect of galantamine on nicotine-induced neuroprotection in hemiparkinsonian rat model. Neurosci Res 2008; 62:254-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2008.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2008] [Revised: 08/28/2008] [Accepted: 09/05/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Aggarwal BB, Sundaram C, Malani N, Ichikawa H. CURCUMIN: THE INDIAN SOLID GOLD. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2007; 595:1-75. [PMID: 17569205 DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-46401-5_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 842] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Turmeric, derived from the plant Curcuma longa, is a gold-colored spice commonly used in the Indian subcontinent, not only for health care but also for the preservation of food and as a yellow dye for textiles. Curcumin, which gives the yellow color to turmeric, was first isolated almost two centuries ago, and its structure as diferuloylmethane was determined in 1910. Since the time of Ayurveda (1900 Bc) numerous therapeutic activities have been assigned to turmeric for a wide variety of diseases and conditions, including those of the skin, pulmonary, and gastrointestinal systems, aches, pains, wounds, sprains, and liver disorders. Extensive research within the last half century has proven that most of these activities, once associated with turmeric, are due to curcumin. Curcumin has been shown to exhibit antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal, and anticancer activities and thus has a potential against various malignant diseases, diabetes, allergies, arthritis, Alzheimer's disease, and other chronic illnesses. These effects are mediated through the regulation of various transcription factors, growth factors, inflammatory cytokines, protein kinases, and other enzymes. Curcumin exhibits activities similar to recently discovered tumor necrosis factor blockers (e.g., HUMIRA, REMICADE, and ENBREL), a vascular endothelial cell growth factor blocker (e.g., AVASTIN), human epidermal growth factor receptor blockers (e.g., ERBITUX, ERLOTINIB, and GEFTINIB), and a HER2 blocker (e.g., HERCEPTIN). Considering the recent scientific bandwagon that multitargeted therapy is better than monotargeted therapy for most diseases, curcumin can be considered an ideal "Spice for Life".
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry
- Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology
- Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/chemistry
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/pharmacology
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/therapeutic use
- Antifungal Agents/chemistry
- Antifungal Agents/pharmacology
- Antifungal Agents/therapeutic use
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/chemistry
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/therapeutic use
- Antioxidants/chemistry
- Antioxidants/pharmacology
- Antioxidants/therapeutic use
- Antiviral Agents/chemistry
- Antiviral Agents/pharmacology
- Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/drug therapy
- Curcuma/chemistry
- Curcumin/analogs & derivatives
- Curcumin/chemistry
- Curcumin/metabolism
- Curcumin/pharmacology
- Curcumin/therapeutic use
- Humans
- India
- Medicine, Ayurvedic
- Models, Biological
- Molecular Structure
- Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Phytotherapy
- Plants, Medicinal
- Spices
- Structure-Activity Relationship
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharat B Aggarwal
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Urbina-Cano P, Bobadilla-Morales L, Ramírez-Herrera MA, Corona-Rivera JR, Mendoza-Magaña ML, Troyo-Sanromán R, Corona-Rivera A. DNA damage in mouse lymphocytes exposed to curcumin and copper. J Appl Genet 2007; 47:377-82. [PMID: 17132903 DOI: 10.1007/bf03194648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Dietary polyphenolics, such as curcumin, have shown antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Some antioxidants cause DNA strand breaks in excess of transition metal ions, such as copper. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro effect of curcumin in the presence of increasing concentrations of copper to induce DNA damage in murine leukocytes by the comet assay. Balb-C mouse lymphocytes were exposed to 50 microM curcumin and various concentrations of copper (10 microM, 100 microM and 200 microM). Cellular DNA damage was detected by means of the alkaline comet assay. Our results show that 50 microM curcumin in the presence of 100-200 microM copper induced DNA damage in murine lymphocytes. Curcumin did not inhibit the oxidative DNA damage caused by 50 microM H2O2 in mouse lymphocytes. Moreover, 50 microM curcumin alone was capable of inducing DNA strand breaks under the tested conditions. The increased DNA damage by 50 mM curcumin was observed in the presence of various concentrations of copper, as detected by the alkaline comet assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Urbina-Cano
- Laboratorio de Citogenética Genotoxicidad y Biomonitoreo, Instituto de Genética Humana Dr. Enrique Corona Rivera, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
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Antunes LMG, Araújo MCP, Dias FDL, Takahashi CS. Effects of H2O2, Fe2+ and Fe3+ on curcumin-induced chromosomal aberrations in CHO cells. Genet Mol Biol 2005. [DOI: 10.1590/s1415-47572005000100028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Chikwana E, Simoyi RH. Oxyhalogen−Sulfur Chemistry: Kinetics and Mechanism of Oxidation of Amidinothiourea by Acidified Iodate. J Phys Chem A 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/jp0367068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Edward Chikwana
- Department of Chemistry, Portland State University, Portland, Oregon 97207-0751
| | - Reuben H. Simoyi
- Department of Chemistry, Portland State University, Portland, Oregon 97207-0751
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