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Qi Z, Heinrich T, Moorthy S, Schalley CA. Gas-phase chemistry of molecular containers. Chem Soc Rev 2015; 44:515-31. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cs00167b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The use of mass spectrometry for the investigation of supramolecular capsules and containers in solution and the gas-phase is reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhui Qi
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie
- Freie Universität Berlin
- 14195 Berlin
- Germany
| | - Thomas Heinrich
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie
- Freie Universität Berlin
- 14195 Berlin
- Germany
| | - Suresh Moorthy
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie
- Freie Universität Berlin
- 14195 Berlin
- Germany
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2
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Nguyen TV, Sherburn MS. Simple synthetic receptors for aspirin. Chemistry 2014; 20:14991-5. [PMID: 25323536 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201304808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2013] [Revised: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Shallow methylene-bridged cavitands appended with simple H-bond donor/acceptor groups are shown to bind aspirin. The structural features needed in a synthetic receptor for aspirin binding are defined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanh V Nguyen
- Research School of Chemistry, Building 137, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601 (Australia), Fax: (+61) 2 6125 8114
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3
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Ciardi M, Tancini F, Gil-Ramírez G, Escudero Adán EC, Massera C, Dalcanale E, Ballester P. Switching from Separated to Contact Ion-Pair Binding Modes with Diastereomeric Calix[4]pyrrole Bis-phosphonate Receptors. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:13121-32. [DOI: 10.1021/ja305684m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Moira Ciardi
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Avda. Països Catalans
16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Francesca Tancini
- Dipartimento di Chimica and Unità
INSTM, UdR Parma, Università degli Studi di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/a, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Guzmán Gil-Ramírez
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Avda. Països Catalans
16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Eduardo C. Escudero Adán
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Avda. Països Catalans
16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Chiara Massera
- Dipartimento di Chimica and Unità
INSTM, UdR Parma, Università degli Studi di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/a, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Enrico Dalcanale
- Dipartimento di Chimica and Unità
INSTM, UdR Parma, Università degli Studi di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/a, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Pablo Ballester
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Avda. Països Catalans
16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Catalan Institution of Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Passeig Lluís
Companys 23, 08018 Barcelona, Spain
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4
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Winkler HDF, Dzyuba EV, Schalley CA. Gas-phase H/D-exchange experiments in supramolecular chemistry. NEW J CHEM 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c0nj00634c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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5
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Harthong S, Dubessy B, Vachon J, Aronica C, Mulatier JC, Dutasta JP. Restricted Guest Tumbling in Phosphorylated Self-Assembled Capsules. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 132:15637-43. [DOI: 10.1021/ja104388t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Steven Harthong
- Laboratoire de Chimie, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS, 46 Allée d’Italie, F-69364 Lyon, France
| | - Béatrice Dubessy
- Laboratoire de Chimie, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS, 46 Allée d’Italie, F-69364 Lyon, France
| | - Jérôme Vachon
- Laboratoire de Chimie, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS, 46 Allée d’Italie, F-69364 Lyon, France
| | - Christophe Aronica
- Laboratoire de Chimie, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS, 46 Allée d’Italie, F-69364 Lyon, France
| | - Jean-Christophe Mulatier
- Laboratoire de Chimie, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS, 46 Allée d’Italie, F-69364 Lyon, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Dutasta
- Laboratoire de Chimie, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS, 46 Allée d’Italie, F-69364 Lyon, France
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6
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Kalenius E, Neitola R, Suman M, Dalcanale E, Vainiotalo P. Hydrogen bonding in phosphonate cavitands: investigation of host-guest complexes with ammonium salts. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2010; 21:440-450. [PMID: 20060742 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasms.2009.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2009] [Revised: 11/24/2009] [Accepted: 11/24/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The H-bonding in alkylammonium complexes of phosphonate cavitands were studied by mass spectrometric methods and theoretical calculations. The alkylammonium ions included primary, secondary, and tertiary methyl- and ethylammonium ions. Their complexation with mono-, tetra-, and two di-phosphonate cavitands, which differ according to the number and position of H-bond acceptor P = O groups, was evaluated by using different competition experiments, energy-resolved CID, gas-phase H/D-exchange, and ligand-exchange reactions, together with ab initio theoretical optimization of the complexes. The phosphonate cavitands with two or more adjacent P = O groups were found to be selective towards secondary alkylammonium ions, due to simultaneous formation of two stable hydrogen bonds. In the ion-molecule reactions (both H/D- and ligand-exchange), the formation of two stable hydrogen bonds was observed either to slow down the reaction or to completely prevent it. This was, however, limited to situations where two hydrogen bonds are formed between the H-bond donor sites of the alkyl ammonium ion and the vicinal H-bond acceptor sites of the cavitand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elina Kalenius
- University of Joensuu, Department of Chemistry, Joensuu, Finland.
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7
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Dubessy B, Harthong S, Aronica C, Bouchu D, Busi M, Dalcanale E, Dutasta JP. Self-Complementary Phosphonate Cavitands. J Org Chem 2009; 74:3923-6. [DOI: 10.1021/jo900236n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Béatrice Dubessy
- Laboratoire de Chimie, CNRS, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 46 Allée d’Italie, F-69364 Lyon 07, France, Centre de Spectrométrie de Masse, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 43 Bvd du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France, and Dipartimento di Chimica Organica e Industriale and INSTM UdR Parma, Università di Parma, Viale G. Usberti 17/A, 43100 Parma, Italy
| | - Steven Harthong
- Laboratoire de Chimie, CNRS, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 46 Allée d’Italie, F-69364 Lyon 07, France, Centre de Spectrométrie de Masse, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 43 Bvd du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France, and Dipartimento di Chimica Organica e Industriale and INSTM UdR Parma, Università di Parma, Viale G. Usberti 17/A, 43100 Parma, Italy
| | - Christophe Aronica
- Laboratoire de Chimie, CNRS, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 46 Allée d’Italie, F-69364 Lyon 07, France, Centre de Spectrométrie de Masse, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 43 Bvd du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France, and Dipartimento di Chimica Organica e Industriale and INSTM UdR Parma, Università di Parma, Viale G. Usberti 17/A, 43100 Parma, Italy
| | - Denis Bouchu
- Laboratoire de Chimie, CNRS, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 46 Allée d’Italie, F-69364 Lyon 07, France, Centre de Spectrométrie de Masse, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 43 Bvd du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France, and Dipartimento di Chimica Organica e Industriale and INSTM UdR Parma, Università di Parma, Viale G. Usberti 17/A, 43100 Parma, Italy
| | - Marco Busi
- Laboratoire de Chimie, CNRS, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 46 Allée d’Italie, F-69364 Lyon 07, France, Centre de Spectrométrie de Masse, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 43 Bvd du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France, and Dipartimento di Chimica Organica e Industriale and INSTM UdR Parma, Università di Parma, Viale G. Usberti 17/A, 43100 Parma, Italy
| | - Enrico Dalcanale
- Laboratoire de Chimie, CNRS, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 46 Allée d’Italie, F-69364 Lyon 07, France, Centre de Spectrométrie de Masse, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 43 Bvd du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France, and Dipartimento di Chimica Organica e Industriale and INSTM UdR Parma, Università di Parma, Viale G. Usberti 17/A, 43100 Parma, Italy
| | - Jean-Pierre Dutasta
- Laboratoire de Chimie, CNRS, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 46 Allée d’Italie, F-69364 Lyon 07, France, Centre de Spectrométrie de Masse, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 43 Bvd du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France, and Dipartimento di Chimica Organica e Industriale and INSTM UdR Parma, Università di Parma, Viale G. Usberti 17/A, 43100 Parma, Italy
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8
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Givelet C, Tinant B, Van Meervelt L, Buffeteau T, Marchand-Geneste N, Bibal B. Polyphosphorylated triphenylenes: synthesis, crystal structure, and selective catechol recognition. J Org Chem 2009; 74:652-9. [PMID: 19049263 DOI: 10.1021/jo802015k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Designed as a multivalent hydrogen bond acceptor, new receptors, Discopus 1a,b, were built from a triphenylene core surrounded by six (diaryl)phosphinate groups. An efficient synthesis was developed to prepare these elaborated structures in a high overall yield. The X-ray structure of receptor 1b showed strong cooperative hydrogen bonds with two water molecules and intermolecular CH-pi contacts. In chloroform, Discopus 1a,b displayed recognition properties toward dihydroxybenzenes, selectively forming complexes with catechol derivatives 4a-c in a 1:2 (host:guest) stoichiometry. According to NMR and microcalorimetry titrations, association constants were found in the 30-2837 M(-1) range, which were larger than those reported for curvated catechol receptors (14-120 M(-1)). Interestingly, Discopus present two distinct catechol binding sites. Weak hydrogen bonding between host phosphinates and guest hydroxyl groups was shown by infrared spectroscopy and (31)P NMR. Molecular dynamics simulations and recognition experiments suggested that a stronger hydrogen bond assisted by a pi-interaction between the Discopus core and one catechol molecule could exist within the 1:2 complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cécile Givelet
- Universite de Bordeaux, Institut des Sciences Moleculaires, CNRS UMR 5255, 351 cours de la Liberation, 33405 Talence, France
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9
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Brotin
- Laboratoire de Chimie, CNRS, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 46 Allée d’Italie, F-69364 Lyon 07, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Dutasta
- Laboratoire de Chimie, CNRS, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 46 Allée d’Italie, F-69364 Lyon 07, France
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10
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Kalenius E, Moiani D, Dalcanale E, Vainiotalo P. Measuring H-bonding in supramolecular complexes by gas phase ion-molecule reactions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2008:3865-7. [PMID: 18217673 DOI: 10.1039/b707842k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
H/D and guest-exchange ion-molecule reactions have been used as a new tool to elucidate the operation of multiple hydrogen bonding in gas-phase complexes formed between phosphonate cavitands and ethyl-substituted ammonium ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elina Kalenius
- University of Joensuu, Department of Chemistry, P.O. Box 111, 80101 Joensuu, Finland
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11
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De Zorzi R, Dubessy B, Mulatier JC, Geremia S, Randaccio L, Dutasta JP. Structure of a 4:1:4 Supramolecular Assembly of Neutral TiiiiPO Cavitands and Tetrakis(N-methylpyridinium)porphyrin Iodide. J Org Chem 2007; 72:4528-31. [PMID: 17500565 DOI: 10.1021/jo070109q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Four tetraphosphorylated TiiiiPO cavitands 1 encapsulate the pyridinium heads of a tetrakis(N-methylpyridinium)porphyrin iodide to form a 4:1:4 (host)4/guest4+/4I- complex. The single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis shows the arrangement of the four cavities bound to the CH3N+ groups of the porphyrin moiety and the four iodide anions nested between the phenethyl substituents of the hosts. 1H NMR investigations show that the structure is preserved in chloroform solution and underscore the effect of the counteranions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita De Zorzi
- Centro di Eccellenza in Biocristallografia, Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Trieste, via Licio Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy
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12
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Rozhenko AB, Schoeller WW, Letzel MC, Decker B, Agena C, Mattay J. Calixarenes as hosts for ammonium cations: a quantum chemical study and mass-spectrometric investigations. Chemistry 2007; 12:8995-9000. [PMID: 16969778 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200501520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Host-guest complexes of tetramethylcavitand with different ammonium cations were investigated by using a quantum chemical method at the density functional level (BP86, B3 LYP). The NH4+ cation is strongly bound to the host. Increasing methyl substitution at the cation decreases its inclination towards the complex formation. The calculated data are in line with results from electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) experiments. They reveal stable aggregates only for the NH4+ cation and for the primary alkylammonium cations.
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13
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Varughese S, Pedireddi VR. A Competitive Molecular Recognition Study: Syntheses and Analysis of Supramolecular Assemblies of 3,5-Dihydroxybenzoic Acid and Its Bromo Derivative with Some N-Donor Compounds. Chemistry 2006; 12:1597-609. [PMID: 16250059 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200500570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A molecular recognition study of 3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (1) and its bromo derivative 4-bromo-3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (2) with the N-donor compounds 1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethene (bpyee), 1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethane (bpyea), and 4,4'-bipyridine (bpy) is reported. Thus, the syntheses and structural analysis of molecular adducts 1 a-1 c (1 with bpyee, bpyea, and bpy, respectively) and 2 a-2 c (2 with bpyee, bpyea, and bpy, respectively) are discussed. In all these adducts, recognition between the constituents is established through either O--H...N and/or O--H...N/C--H...O pairwise hydrogen bonds. In all the adducts both OH and COOH functional groups available on 1 and 2 interact with the N-donor compounds, except in 2 a, in which only COOH (COO-) is involved in the recognition process. The COOH moieties in 1 a, 1 b, and 2 b form only single O--H...N hydrogen bonds, whereas in 1 c and 2 c, they form pairwise O--H...N/C--H...O hydrogen bonds. In addition, subtle differences in the recognition patterns resulted in the formation of cyclic networks of different dimensions. In fact, only 1 c forms a four-molecule cyclic moiety, as was already documented in the literature for this kind of assemblies. All complexes have been characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The supramolecular architectures are quite elegant and simple, with stacking of sheets in all adducts, but a rather complex network with a threefold interpenetration pattern was found in 2 c.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Varughese
- Solid State & Supramolecular Structural Chemistry Lab, Division of Organic Chemistry, National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411 008, India
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14
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Ventola E, Hyyryläinen A, Vainiotalo P. Complex formation between a tetramesityl sulfonated resorcarene and alkylammonium ions: a mass spectrometric study of noncovalent interactions. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2006; 20:1218-24. [PMID: 16541403 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.2440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Noncovalent complex formation between a tetramesityl sulfonated tetramethyl resorcarene and primary, secondary, and tertiary alkylammonium ions was investigated by electrospray ionization (ESI) Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (FT-ICR) mass spectrometry. Competition measurements, collision-induced dissociation, and gas-phase hydrogen/deuterium (H/D)-exchange reactions were employed to elucidate the interactions involved in complexation, the stability of the complexes, and the position of the guest with relation to the resorcarene. The complex formation ability of tetramesityl sulfonated resorcarene and the stability of the compexes were compared with the corresponding properties of tetratosylium tetraethyl resorcarene, which has been studied previously. Complex formation and the properties of the complexes were most strongly determined by the steric properties of the guests and their ability to form hydrogen bonds. Comparison of the two host molecules revealed the impact of steric hindrance in tetramesityl sulfonated tetramethyl resorcarene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elina Ventola
- Department of Chemistry, University of Joensuu, P.O. Box 111, 80101 Joensuu, Finland
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15
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Cacciarini M, Azov VA, Seiler P, Künzer H, Diederich F. Selective steroid recognition by a partially bridged resorcin[4]arene cavitand. Chem Commun (Camb) 2005:5269-71. [PMID: 16244724 DOI: 10.1039/b509990k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The partially bridged resorcin[4]arene cavitand featuring a cleft-shaped recognition site formed by two anti-quinoxaline bridges and four convergent HO-groups was prepared in three steps and characterised by X-ray crystallography; cavitand was found to be a selective receptor for steroidal substrates in CDCl3, with the best binding observed for steroids with a flat A-ring and two H-bonding sites on rings A and C/D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Cacciarini
- Laboratorium für Organische Chemie, ETH-Hönggerberg, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland.
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16
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Nifantyev EE, Maslennikova VI, Merkulov RV. Design and study of phosphocavitands-a new family of cavity systems. Acc Chem Res 2005; 38:108-16. [PMID: 15709730 DOI: 10.1021/ar0401810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The design of phosphorus-containing cavity architectures that are of interest for biomimetics and other interdisciplinary sciences is among the most high-priority lines of research in modern organophosphorus chemistry. This Account acquaints the readers with methods for the design of rigid phosphomacrocyclic systems based on resorcinarenes, which differ in the nature of the phosphorus functions on the upper rim of the molecular bowl and have fixed dimensions of the molecular cavity. The authors demonstrate the possibility of attaining stereoselectivity in the synthesis of phospho(III)cavitands and their various transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduard E Nifantyev
- Moscow State Pedagogical University, Nesvizhskii per. 3, Moscow 119021, Russia
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17
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Ventola E, Rissanen K, Vainiotalo P. Mass Spectrometric Investigation of Noncovalent Complexation between a Tetratosylated Resorcarene and Alkyl Ammonium Ions. Chemistry 2004; 10:6152-62. [PMID: 15515073 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200400431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Noncovalent complexation between tetratosylated tetraethyl resorcarene (1) and primary, secondary, and tertiary alkyl ammonium ions (mMe, dMe, tMe, mEt, dEt, tEt, dBu, and dHex) was studied by electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (ESI-FTICR) mass spectrometry. Interactions of the noncovalent complexes were investigated by means of competition experiments, collision-induced dissociation (CID) experiments, ion-molecule reactions with tripropylamine and gas phase H/D-exchange reactions with deuteroammonia. Gas phase ion-molecule reactions gave especially valuable information about the structure and properties of the complexes. Resorcarene 1 formed relatively stable 1:1 complexes with all aliphatic alkyl ammonium ions. Steric properties of the alkyl ammonium ions and proton affinities of the conjugate amines noticeably affected the complexation properties, indicating the importance of hydrogen bonding in these complexes. According to the competition experiments, the thermodynamically most stable host-guest complexes were formed with alkyl ammonium ions that were most substituted and had the longest alkyl chains. In CID experiments, release of an intact free guest ion or dissociation of the host was observed to depend on the proton affinity of the amine and the strength of the hydrogen bond that was formed. In ion-molecule reactions with tripropylamine, a guest exchange reaction occurred with all alkyl ammonium ion complexes with reaction rates mostly dependent on the steric properties of the original guest ion. In H/D-exchange reactions the N-H hydrogen atoms of the guest ion were exchanged with deuterium, whereas the resorcinol hydrogen atoms remained unchanged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elina Ventola
- Department of Chemistry, University of Joensuu, PO Box 111, 80101 Joensuu, Finland
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18
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Pinalli R, Suman M, Dalcanale E. Cavitands at Work: From Molecular Recognition to Supramolecular Sensors. European J Org Chem 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200300430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Pinalli
- Dipartimento di Chimica Organica e Industriale, Università di Parma and INSTM, UdR Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43100 Parma, Italy, Fax: (internat.) +39‐0521‐905472
| | - Michele Suman
- Dipartimento di Chimica Organica e Industriale, Università di Parma and INSTM, UdR Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43100 Parma, Italy, Fax: (internat.) +39‐0521‐905472
| | - Enrico Dalcanale
- Dipartimento di Chimica Organica e Industriale, Università di Parma and INSTM, UdR Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43100 Parma, Italy, Fax: (internat.) +39‐0521‐905472
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19
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Current literature in mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2001; 36:1076-1082. [PMID: 11599087 DOI: 10.1002/jms.96] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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20
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Schalley CA. Molecular recognition and supramolecular chemistry in the gas phase. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2001; 20:253-309. [PMID: 11948654 DOI: 10.1002/mas.10009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 219] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Supramolecular chemistry, in particular, the fields of molecular recognition and self-assembly, profit much from the development of soft ionization techniques and advanced methods for mass analysis and gas-phase chemistry. Vice versa, weakly bonded architectures and host-guest complexes represent a veritable challenge for the mass spectrometrist, leading to further development of methods and techniques. This review describes the state-of-the-art in this field, and includes topics such as the effects of solvation on meta binding to crown ethers, chiral discrimination of guests by chiral hosts, the elucidation of the secondary structure of self assembled complexes, and the mechanistic pathways of self assembly or the fragmentations of supramolecular complexes in the gas phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Schalley
- Kekulé-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie der Universität, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, D-53121 Bonn, Germany.
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