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Hesser AR, Brandsen BM, Walsh SM, Wang P, Silverman SK. DNA-catalyzed glycosylation using aryl glycoside donors. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:9259-62. [PMID: 27355482 DOI: 10.1039/c6cc04329a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
We report the identification by in vitro selection of Zn(2+)/Mn(2+)-dependent deoxyribozymes that glycosylate the 3'-OH of a DNA oligonucleotide. Both β and α anomers of aryl glycosides can be used as the glycosyl donors. Individual deoxyribozymes are each specific for a particular donor anomer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony R Hesser
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 600 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.
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2
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Morvan F, Vidal S, Souteyrand E, Chevolot Y, Vasseur JJ. DNA glycoclusters and DNA-based carbohydrate microarrays: From design to applications. RSC Adv 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ra21550k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
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3
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Schlegel MK, Hütter J, Eriksson M, Lepenies B, Seeberger PH. Defined presentation of carbohydrates on a duplex DNA scaffold. Chembiochem 2011; 12:2791-800. [PMID: 22052782 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201100511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2011] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
A new method for the spatially defined alignment of carbohydrates on a duplex DNA scaffold is presented. The use of an N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS)-ester phosphoramidite along with carbohydrates containing an alkylamine linker allows for on-column labeling during solid-phase oligonucleotide synthesis. This modification method during solid-phase synthesis only requires the use of minimal amounts of complex carbohydrates. The covalently attached carbohydrates are presented in the major groove of the B-form duplex DNA as potential substrates for murine type II C-type lectin receptors mMGL1 and mMGL2. CD spectroscopy and thermal melting revealed only minimal disturbance of the overall helical structure. Surface plasmon resonance and cellular uptake studies with bone-marrow-derived dendritic cells were used to assess the capability of these carbohydrate-modified duplexes to bind to mMGL receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark K Schlegel
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
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4
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Aviñó A, Ocampo SM, Lucas R, Reina JJ, Morales JC, Perales JC, Eritja R. Synthesis and in vitro inhibition properties of siRNA conjugates carrying glucose and galactose with different presentations. Mol Divers 2011; 15:751-7. [PMID: 21267652 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-011-9305-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2010] [Accepted: 01/05/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Oligoribonucleotide conjugates and the corresponding siRNA duplexes against tumor necrosis factor carrying one, two, or four glucose and galactose residues at the 5'-end have been prepared using phosphoramidite chemistry. Carbohydrate-modified siRNA duplexes have similar inhibitory properties than unmodified RNA duplexes in HeLa cells transfected with oligofectamine. When HeLa cells were treated with siRNA carrying one, two, or four glucose residues without oligofectamine, no inhibition was observed. The inhibitory properties of siRNA carrying galactose residues without transfecting agent were tested on HuH-7 cells that have abundant asialoglycoprotein receptors. In these cells siRNA carrying galactose residues have slight anti-TNF inhibitory properties (25% in the best case) that are eliminated if the receptors are blocked with a competitor. These results demonstrate receptor-mediated uptake of siRNA carrying galactose residues, although the efficacy of the process is not enough for efficient RNA interference experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Aviñó
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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5
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Ikeda Y, Kubota D, Nagasaki Y. Simple solid-phase synthesis and biological properties of carbohydrate-oligonucleotide conjugates modified at the 3'-terminus. Bioconjug Chem 2010; 21:1685-90. [PMID: 20704260 DOI: 10.1021/bc100205v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
A novel synthesis method for oligonucleotides possessing a functional moiety at the 3'-terminus was established based on solid-phase synthesis. In order to install the functional group at the 3'-terminus of the oligonucleotide, a solid support possessing the functional group was prepared. A carbohydrate was employed in this study for the functionalization of the oligonucleotide. To prepare a glycosylated solid support, a novel glycosyl acceptor (2) was synthesized using 4,4-dihydroxymethyl-cyclopenta-1-ene as the starting compound. The glycosylation reaction proceeded smoothly (yield = 95%) to yield the suitable glycosylated compound (3). After 8 was immobilized on the solid support, it was subjected to solid-phase oligonucleotide synthesis by the standard phosphoramidite coupling method. An oligonucleotide possessing a sugar moiety at the 3'-terminus was obtained after the products were deprotected and cleaved from the solid support. The stability of the carbohydrate-modified oligonucleotide was greatly increased even in the serum buffer, indicating that the sugar moiety at the 3'-position improved the resistance against enzymatic degradation. This technique was also applied to RNA synthesis. Galactose-ended siRNA was prepared and was confirmed to possess enough ability, at a concentration of 10 nM, to regulate the expression of the target gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Ikeda
- Grauate School of Pure and Applied Science, Tsukuba Research Center for Interdisciplinary Materials Science, University of Tsukuba, CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency
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6
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Lönnberg H. Solid-phase synthesis of oligonucleotide conjugates useful for delivery and targeting of potential nucleic acid therapeutics. Bioconjug Chem 2009; 20:1065-94. [PMID: 19175328 DOI: 10.1021/bc800406a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Olignucleotide-based drugs show promise as a novel form of chemotherapy. Among the hurdles that have to be overcome on the way of applicable nucleic acid therapeutics, inefficient cellular uptake and subsequent release from endosomes to cytoplasm appear to be the most severe ones. Covalent conjugation of oligonucleotides to molecules that expectedly facilitate the internalization, targets the conjugate to a specific cell-type or improves the parmacokinetics offers a possible way to combat against these shortcomings. Since workable chemistry is a prerequisite for biological studies, development of efficient and reproducible methods for preparation of various types of oligonucleotide conjugates has become a subject of considerable importance. The present review summarizes the advances made in the solid-supported synthesis of oligonucleotide conjugates aimed at facilitating the delivery and targeting of nucleic acid drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harri Lönnberg
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turku, FIN-20014 Turku, Finland.
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7
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Weisbrod SH, Marx A. Novel strategies for the site-specific covalent labelling of nucleic acids. Chem Commun (Camb) 2008:5675-85. [PMID: 19009049 DOI: 10.1039/b809528k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
To broaden the scope of applications in DNA nano- and biotechnology, material science, diagnostics and molecular recognition the functionalization of DNA is of utmost importance. In the last decade many new methods have been developed to achieve this goal. Apart from the direct chemical synthesis of modified DNA by automated phosphoramidite chemistry incorporation of labelled triphosphates and the post-synthetic labelling approach evolved as valuable methods. New bioorthogonal reactions as Diels-Alder, click and Staudinger ligations pushed forward the post-synthetic approach as new insights into DNA polymerase substrate specificity allowed generation and amplification of labelled DNA strands. These novel developments are summarized herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel H Weisbrod
- Department of Chemistry and Konstanz Research School Chemical Biology, University of Konstanz, 78457, Konstanz, Germany
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8
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Katajisto J, Virta P, Lönnberg H. An aminooxy-functionalized non-nucleosidic phosphoramidite for the construction of multiantennary oligonucleotide glycoconjugates on a solid support. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; Chapter 4:Unit 4.26. [PMID: 18428941 DOI: 10.1002/0471142700.nc0426s21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
In this unit, a method is described that allows construction of multiantennary oligonucleotide glycoconjugates on a solid support. A bis(hydroxymethyl)malondiamide-based phosphoramidite that contains two phthaloyl-protected aminooxy groups compatible with normal chain assembly is prepared. The aminooxy functions can be deblocked with a hydrazinium acetate treatment and subsequently oximated on-support with fully acetylated 4-oxobutyl alpha-D-mannopyranoside. The resulting reagent is then used to prepare a conjugate containing two non-nucleosidic building blocks (i.e., four alpha-D-mannopyranosyl units) close to the 5' terminus of the oligonucleotide.
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9
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D'Onofrio J, Petraccone L, Martino L, Di Fabio G, Iadonisi A, Balzarini J, Giancola C, Montesarchio D. Synthesis, biophysical characterization, and anti-HIV activity of glyco-conjugated G-quadruplex-forming oligonucleotides. Bioconjug Chem 2008; 19:607-16. [PMID: 18254584 DOI: 10.1021/bc7003395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Novel hybrid oligonucleotides carrying the G-quadruplex-forming d(5'TGGGAG3') sequence, conjugated with mono- or disaccharides at the 3' or 5'-end through phosphodiester bonds, have been synthesized as potential anti-HIV agents, via a fully automated, online phosphoramidite-based solid-phase strategy. CD-monitored thermal denaturation studies on the resulting quadruplexes indicated the insertion of a single monosaccharide at the 3'-end as the optimal modification, conferring improved stability to the quadruplex complex. In addition, the 3'-conjugation with glucose or mannose converted the anti-HIV inactive unmodified oligomer into active compounds. On the contrary, the 5'-tethering with these monosaccharides, as well as the conjugation, either at the 5' or 3'-end, with sucrose, were in all cases detrimental to quadruplex stability and did not improve the biological activity. On the basis of the assumption that the kinetically and thermodynamically favored formation of the quadruplex complex is a prerequisite for efficient antiviral activity, a novel bis-conjugated oligonucleotide was designed. This combined a mannose residue at the 3'-phosphate end with bulky aromatic tert-butyldiphenylsilyl (TBDPS) group at the 5'-end, previously shown to markedly favor the formation of quadruplex complexes. The 5',3'-bis-conjugated 6-mer, for which a detailed biophysical characterization has been carried out, resulted in 3-fold greater antiviral activity against HIV-1 than the sole 3'-glyco-conjugated oligonucleotide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer D'Onofrio
- Dipartimento di Chimica Organica e Biochimica and Dipartimento di Chimica Paolo Corradini, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Cintia 4, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
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10
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Bouillon C, Meyer A, Vidal S, Jochum A, Chevolot Y, Cloarec JP, Praly JP, Vasseur JJ, Morvan F. Microwave assisted "click" chemistry for the synthesis of multiple labeled-carbohydrate oligonucleotides on solid support. J Org Chem 2007; 71:4700-2. [PMID: 16749812 DOI: 10.1021/jo060572n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A versatile approach has been developed for the multiple labeling of oligonucleotides. First, three linkers as a H-phosphonate monoester derivative were condensed on a solid-supported T12 to introduce H-phosphonate diester linkages which were oxidized in the presence of propargylamine. Second, three galactosyl azide derivatives were conjugated to the solid-supported three-alkyne-modified T12 by a 1,3-cycloaddition so-called "click chemistry" in the presence of Cu(I) assisted by microwaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Bouillon
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique Biomoléculaire de Synthèse, UMR 5625 CNRS-Université Montpellier II, Place E. Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
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11
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Zatsepin TS, Oretskaya TS. Synthesis and applications of oligonucleotide-carbohydrate conjugates. Chem Biodivers 2007; 1:1401-17. [PMID: 17191787 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.200490104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays, oligonucleotide-carbohydrate conjugates are used in antisense biotechnology and in the study of glycosylated DNA functioning in vitro. The application of mono- and disaccharide phosphoramidites, solid-phase supports with immobilized carbohydrates, glycosylated nucleoside phosphoramidites, and postsynthetic conjugation of reactive sugar derivatives with oligonucleotides for preparation of oligonucleotide-carbohydrate conjugates have been systematically studied. The advantages and disadvantages of these approaches are considered. Possible strategies for synthesis of glycoclusters with different topologies conjugated to DNA are discussed. Applications of oligonucleotide-carbohydrate conjugates are highlighted. Studies of interactions of glycosylated oligonucleotides with proteins and effective cell-specific delivery of oligonucleotide-carbohydrate conjugates are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timofei S Zatsepin
- Department of Chemistry, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, Moscow, Russia, 119992
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12
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Yan H, Tram K. Glycotargeting to improve cellular delivery efficiency of nucleic acids. Glycoconj J 2007; 24:107-23. [PMID: 17268860 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-006-9023-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2006] [Revised: 11/07/2006] [Accepted: 11/14/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Nucleic acids bearing glycans of various structures have been under vigorous investigation in the past decade. The carbohydrate moieties of such complexes can serve as recognition sites for carbohydrate-binding proteins-lectins-and initiate receptor-mediated endocytosis. Therefore, carbohydrates can enhance cell targeting and internalization of nucleic acids that are associated with them and thus improve the bioavailability of nucleic acids as therapeutic agents. This review summarizes nucleic acid glycosylation in nature and approaches for the preparation of both non-covalently associated and covalently-linked carbohydrate-nucleic acid complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbin Yan
- Department of Chemistry, Brock University, 500 Glenridge Ave., St. Catharines, ON, Canada.
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13
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Matsui M, Nishiyama Y, Ueji SI, Ebara Y. Construction of saccharide-modified DNAs by DNA polymerase. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2006; 17:456-60. [PMID: 17064895 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2006.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2006] [Revised: 09/30/2006] [Accepted: 10/10/2006] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Novel deoxyribonucleotide triphosphates bearing maltose or lactose groups were synthesized as substrates for DNA polymerase. The incorporation efficiencies of these modified substrates were investigated in both primer extension reactions and PCR. The stability and conformation of saccharide-modified dsDNAs were assessed by UV absorbance melting experiments and CD analysis. Enzymatic incorporation of saccharide-modified substrates can be used for the efficient production of saccharide-modified DNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Matsui
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kobe University, 3-11 Tsurukabuto, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
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14
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Edupuganti OP, Singh Y, Defrancq E, Dumy P. New strategy for the synthesis of 3',5'-bifunctionalized oligonucleotide conjugates through sequential formation of chemoselective oxime bonds. Chemistry 2006; 10:5988-95. [PMID: 15497169 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200400390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
A convenient strategy for the synthesis of bifunctionalized oligonucleotide conjugates bearing two different reporters at the 3' and 5' ends of the oligonucleotide is presented. The method involves the preparation of oligonucleotides bearing an aldehyde and/or aminooxy functionality at each end, followed by reaction to form oxime bonds with appropriately functionalized reporters. The conjugation reactions are carried out under mild aqueous conditions with good reaction yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Om Prakash Edupuganti
- LEDSS, UMR CNRS 5616, ICMG FR2607, Université Joseph Fourier, BP 53, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
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15
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Matsuura K, Hayashi K, Kobayashi K. On−Off Switching of Gene Expression Regulated with Carbohydrate−Lectin Interaction. Biomacromolecules 2005; 6:2533-40. [PMID: 16153090 DOI: 10.1021/bm050255a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A novel strategy for artificial regulation system of gene expression applying the specific molecular recognition between carbohydrate and lectin is proposed. Plasmid-lactose conjugates (pActin-lactose and pGFP-lactose) prepared via diazocoupling maintained the transcription activity with T7 RNA polymerase. Gel-shift assay showed that the pActin-lactose conjugates were specifically complexed with galactose-specific lectin RCA(120) with a strong binding affinity (K(a) = 7.6 x 10(5) M(-1) per Lac-unit). The complexes were observed to form aggregates of sub-several micrometer size by means of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The activities of transcription and expression of the conjugates were evaluated, respectively, on the basis of the amount of transcript of pActin and the fluorescent intensity of the expressed GFP. These activities were repressed in the presence of an increasing concentration of RCA120, and then recovered by adding lactose, lactosylceramide-containing liposomes, and lactose-carrying polymers to the conjugate-RCA120 complex. Gel-shift assay and TEM observation revealed that the aggregation form of the complex was relaxed partially in the presence of the lactose derivatives, which increased the accessibility of T7 RNA polymerase to result in the recovery of transcription activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazunori Matsuura
- Department of Molecular Design, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan.
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16
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Takeda S, Tsukiji S, Nagamune T. A cysteine-appended deoxyuridine for the postsynthetic DNA modification using native chemical ligation. Tetrahedron Lett 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2005.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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17
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Edupuganti OP, Renaudet O, Defrancq E, Dumy P. The oxime bond formation as an efficient chemical tool for the preparation of 3',5'-bifunctionalised oligodeoxyribonucleotides. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2005; 14:2839-42. [PMID: 15125943 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2004.03.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2004] [Accepted: 03/18/2004] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The simultaneous conjugation of peptides or carbohydrates at the 3'- and 5'-end of oligodeoxyribonucleotides was achieved very efficiently through chemoselective oxime bond formation. The method employs bifunctionalised oligonucleotides in single step without the need of protection strategy, under mild acidic conditions. The conjugates were obtained in high yields by reacting an oxyamine containing reporter groups (peptide, mono- and disaccharide) with an oligonucleotide carrying an aldehyde at each extremity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Om Prakash Edupuganti
- LEDSS, UMR CNRS 5616, ICMG FR2607, Université Joseph Fourier, BP 53, 38041 Grenoble 9, France
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Katajisto J, Heinonen P, Lönnberg H. Solid-phase synthesis of oligonucleotide glycoconjugates bearing three different glycosyl groups: orthogonally protected bis(hydroxymethyl)-N,N'-bis(3-hydroxypropyl)malondiamide phosphoramidite as key building block. J Org Chem 2004; 69:7609-15. [PMID: 15497988 DOI: 10.1021/jo048984o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Diethyl O,O'-(methoxymethylene)bis(hydroxymethyl)malonate (3) was observed to undergo a stepwise aminolysis when treated with 3-aminopropanol. This allowed convenient preparation of bis(hydroxymethyl)-N,N'-bis(3-hydroxypropyl)malondiamide bearing orthogonal levulinyl (Lev) and tert-butyldiphenylsilyl (TBDPS) protections at the two N-hydroxypropyl groups (8). One of the hydroxylmethyl functions was then protected with a 4,4'-dimethoxytrityl (DMTr) group, and the other one was phosphitylated to obtain a methyl N,N-diisopropylphosphoramidite (1). This building block was used for the synthesis of oligonucleotide glycoconjugates (25 and 26) carrying three different sugar units. After conventional phosphoramidite chain assembly of the sequence containing 1, the 5'-terminal DMTr group was removed and an appropriate glycosyl 6-O-phosphoramidite was coupled. The remaining protections of the branching unit were removed in the order of Lev and TBDPS, and the exposed hydroxyl functions were reacted one after another with the desired glycosyl 6-O-phosphoramidites. Global deprotection and cleavage of the conjugate from the support were achieved by conventional ammonolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Katajisto
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turku, FIN-20014 Turku, Finland.
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19
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Sando S, Matsui K, Niinomi Y, Sato N, Aoyama Y. Facile preparation of DNA-tagged carbohydrates. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2003; 13:2633-6. [PMID: 12873482 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(03)00559-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
We report here that unprotected carbohydrates (maltose, lactose, cellobiose, and maltoheptaose) can be attached to the aminoalkylated oligonucleotides under mild reductive-amination conditions (aqueous borate buffer, pH 8.0, NaBH(3)CN, 60 degrees C) without notable side reactions. Quadruplex-forming G-rich oligonucleotide, 5'-aminoalkyl d(TGGGGT), is glycosylated with maltoheptaose to afford a novel DNA-assisted tetrasaccharide cluster motif.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinsuke Sando
- Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
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20
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Virta P, Katajisto J, Niittymäki T, Lönnberg H. Solid-supported synthesis of oligomeric bioconjugates. Tetrahedron 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(03)00704-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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21
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22
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Kuruüzüm-Uz A, Güvenalp Z, Omür Demirezer L, Bergère I, Ströch K, Zeeck A. 4'-deoxy iridoid glycosides from Centranthus longiflorus. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2002; 61:937-941. [PMID: 12453521 DOI: 10.1016/s0031-9422(02)00476-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The new iridoid glycosides, 4'-deoxykanokoside A and 4'-deoxykanokoside C, were isolated from the methanolic root extract of Centranthus longiflorus ssp. longiflorus. They were accompanied by the three known iridoid glycosides, kanokoside A, kanokoside C and valerosidatum, and two known phenylpropanoid glycosides, coniferin and isoconiferinoside. The structures were elucidated mainly by spectroscopic methods. The presence of 4-deoxy glucose as a part of plant glycosides is rather unusual. Cytotoxic effects of the isolated compounds were also investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayşe Kuruüzüm-Uz
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, TR-06100, Ankara, Turkey.
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23
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Adinolfi M, De Napoli L, Di Fabio G, Iadonisi A, Montesarchio D, Piccialli G. Solid phase synthesis of oligonucleotides tethered to oligo-glucose phosphate tails. Tetrahedron 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(02)00684-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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24
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Efficient preparation of carbohydrate–oligonucleotide conjugates (COCs) using oxime bond formation. Tetrahedron Lett 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(01)01682-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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