1
|
Wang X, Zhang Z, Dong Y, Wang Y. Functional Identification of MhPYL4 Involved in Iron-Deficiency Stress in Malus Halliana Koehne. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:2317. [PMID: 39204753 PMCID: PMC11360065 DOI: 10.3390/plants13162317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2024] [Revised: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
The PYL protein family are crucial sensors of the core signals of abscisic acid (ABA) and significantly influence the plant's response to ABA-mediated abiotic stresses as well as its growth and development. However, research on the role of the MhPYL4 gene in iron (Fe) deficiency in apple trees is limited. Studies have shown that the MhPYL4 gene, when exposed to Fe-deficiency stress, exhibits more rapid transcriptional upregulation than other genes' quickly elevated transcription. However, the precise mechanism by which it alleviates this stress remains unclear. The MhPYL4 gene (ID:103432868), isolated from Malus halliana, was analyzed to elucidate its function. Arabidopsis plants engineered to overexpress the MhPYL4 gene exhibited increased leaf chlorosis and slower growth in response to Fe stress compared to the unmodified controls. The transgenic plants also exhibited elevated levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) activities, as well as ferric chelate reductase (FCR) activities. Levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and superoxide anion (O2-) were increased. In addition, these transgenic plants had lower concentrations of proline (Pro) and Fe2+, which indicated that their stress tolerance was reduced. Similarly, the overexpression of MhPYL4 in apple calli resulted in inhibited growth and increased susceptibility under Fe stress conditions. Physiological evaluations indicated that the overexpression of MhPYL4 in Arabidopsis reduced its Fe stress tolerance by inhibiting chlorophyll synthesis. In apple calli, it altered pH levels, antioxidant enzyme activity, and Fe-reducing capabilities under the same stress conditions. In summary, the elevated expression of the MhPYL4 gene reduced the tolerance of both Arabidopsis and apple calli to Fe stress, suggesting that MhPYL4 acts as a negative regulator in response to Fe deficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yanxiu Wang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (X.W.); (Z.Z.); (Y.D.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Denjalli I, Knieper M, Uthoff J, Vogelsang L, Kumar V, Seidel T, Dietz KJ. The centrality of redox regulation and sensing of reactive oxygen species in abiotic and biotic stress acclimatization. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:4494-4511. [PMID: 38329465 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erae041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
During land plant evolution, the number of genes encoding for components of the thiol redox regulatory network and the generator systems of reactive oxygen species (ROS) expanded, tentatively indicating that they have a role in tailored environmental acclimatization. This hypothesis has been validated both experimentally and theoretically during the last few decades. Recent developments of dynamic redox-sensitive GFP (roGFP)-based in vivo sensors for H2O2 and the redox potential of the glutathione pool have paved the way for dissecting the kinetics changes that occur in these crucial parameters in response to environmental stressors. The versatile cellular redox sensory and response regulatory system monitors alterations in redox metabolism and controls the activity of redox target proteins, and thereby affects most, if not all, cellular processes ranging from transcription to translation and metabolism. This review uses examples to describe the role of the redox- and ROS-dependent regulatory network in realising the appropriate responses to diverse environmental stresses. The selected case studies concern different environmental challenges, namely excess excitation energy, the heavy metal cadmium and the metalloid arsenic, nitrogen or phosphate shortages as examples for nutrient deficiency, wounding, and nematode infestation. Each challenge affects the redox-regulatory and ROS network, but our present state of knowledge also points toward pressing questions that remain open in relation to the translation of redox regulation to environmental acclimatization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ibadete Denjalli
- Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Madita Knieper
- Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
- Center of Biotechnology, CeBiTec, Bielefeld University, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Jana Uthoff
- Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Lara Vogelsang
- Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
- Center of Biotechnology, CeBiTec, Bielefeld University, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Vijay Kumar
- Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Thorsten Seidel
- Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Karl-Josef Dietz
- Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
- Center of Biotechnology, CeBiTec, Bielefeld University, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Xuan Z, Wang Y, Shen Y, Pan X, Wang J, Liu W, Miao W, Jin P. Bacillus velezensis HN-2: a potent antiviral agent against pepper veinal mottle virus. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1403202. [PMID: 39049860 PMCID: PMC11266135 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1403202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Background Pepper veinal mottle virus (PVMV) belongs to the genus Potyvirus within the family Potyviridae and is a major threat to pepper production, causing reduction in yield and fruit quality; however, efficient pesticides and chemical treatments for plant protection against viral infections are lacking. Hence, there is a critical need to discover highly active and environment-friendly antiviral agents derived from natural sources. Bacillus spp. are widely utilized as biocontrol agents to manage fungal, bacterial, and viral plant diseases. Particularly, Bacillus velezensis HN-2 exhibits a strong antibiotic activity against plant pathogens and can also induce plant resistance. Methods The experimental subjects employed in this study were Bacillus velezensis HN-2, benzothiadiazole, and dufulin, aiming to evaluate their impact on antioxidant activity, levels of reactive oxygen species, activity of defense enzymes, and expression of defense-related genes in Nicotiana benthamiana. Furthermore, the colonization ability of Bacillus velezensis HN-2 in Capsicum chinense was investigated. Results The results of bioassays revealed the robust colonization capability of Bacillus velezensis HN-2, particularly in intercellular spaces, leading to delayed infection and enhanced protection against PVMV through multiple plant defense mechanisms, thereby promoting plant growth. Furthermore, Bacillus velezensis HN-2 increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes, thereby mitigating the PVMV-induced ROS production in Nicotiana benthamiana. Moreover, the application of Bacillus velezensis HN-2 at 5 dpi significantly increased the expression of JA-responsive genes, whereas the expression of salicylic acid-responsive genes remained unchanged, implying the activation of the JA signaling pathway as a crucial mechanism underlying Bacillus velezensis HN-2-induced anti-PVMV activity. Immunoblot analysis revealed that HN-2 treatment delayed PVMV infection at 15 dpi, further highlighting its role in inducing plant resistance and promoting growth and development. Conclusions These findings underscore the potential of Bacillus velezensis HN-2 for field application in managing viral plant diseases effectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Xuan
- College of Plant Protection, Hainan University/Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests (Hainan University), Ministry of Education, Haikou, China
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Yu Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Hainan University/Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests (Hainan University), Ministry of Education, Haikou, China
| | - Yuying Shen
- College of Plant Protection, Hainan University/Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests (Hainan University), Ministry of Education, Haikou, China
| | - Xiao Pan
- College of Plant Protection, Hainan University/Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests (Hainan University), Ministry of Education, Haikou, China
| | - Jiatong Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Hainan University/Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests (Hainan University), Ministry of Education, Haikou, China
| | - Wenbo Liu
- College of Plant Protection, Hainan University/Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests (Hainan University), Ministry of Education, Haikou, China
| | - Weiguo Miao
- College of Plant Protection, Hainan University/Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests (Hainan University), Ministry of Education, Haikou, China
| | - Pengfei Jin
- College of Plant Protection, Hainan University/Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests (Hainan University), Ministry of Education, Haikou, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhang Z, Cheng J, Wang W, Gao Y, Xian X, Li C, Wang Y. Transcription factors dealing with Iron-deficiency stress in plants: focus on the bHLH transcription factor family. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2023; 175:e14091. [PMID: 38148182 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Iron (Fe), as an important micronutrient element necessary for plant growth and development, not only participates in multiple physiological and biochemical reactions in cells but also exerts a crucial role in respiration and photosynthetic electron transport. Since Fe is mainly present in the soil in the form of iron hydroxide, Fe deficiency exists universally in plants and has become an important factor triggering crop yield reduction and quality decline. It has been shown that transcription factors (TFs), as an important part of plant signaling pathways, not only coordinate the internal signals of different interaction partners during plant development, but also participate in plant responses to biological and abiotic stresses, such as Fe deficiency stress. Here, the role of bHLH transcription factors in the regulation of Fe homeostasis (mainly Fe uptake) is discussed with emphasis on the functions of MYB, WRKY and other TFs in the maintenance of Fe homeostasis. This review provides a theoretical basis for further studies on the regulation of TFs in Fe deficiency stress response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongxing Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jiao Cheng
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wanxia Wang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yanlong Gao
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xulin Xian
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Cailong Li
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yanxiu Wang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ganotra J, Sharma B, Biswal B, Bhardwaj D, Tuteja N. Emerging role of small GTPases and their interactome in plants to combat abiotic and biotic stress. PROTOPLASMA 2023; 260:1007-1029. [PMID: 36525153 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-022-01830-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Plants are frequently subjected to abiotic and biotic stress which causes major impediments in their growth and development. It is emerging that small guanosine triphosphatases (small GTPases), also known as monomeric GTP-binding proteins, assist plants in managing environmental stress. Small GTPases function as tightly regulated molecular switches that get activated with the aid of guanosine triphosphate (GTP) and deactivated by the subsequent hydrolysis of GTP to guanosine diphosphate (GDP). All small GTPases except Rat sarcoma (Ras) are found in plants, including Ras-like in brain (Rab), Rho of plant (Rop), ADP-ribosylation factor (Arf) and Ras-like nuclear (Ran). The members of small GTPases in plants interact with several downstream effectors to counteract the negative effects of environmental stress and disease-causing pathogens. In this review, we describe processes of stress alleviation by developing pathways involving several small GTPases and their associated proteins which are important for neutralizing fungal infections, stomatal regulation, and activation of abiotic stress-tolerant genes in plants. Previous reviews on small GTPases in plants were primarily focused on Rab GTPases, abiotic stress, and membrane trafficking, whereas this review seeks to improve our understanding of the role of all small GTPases in plants as well as their interactome in regulating mechanisms to combat abiotic and biotic stress. This review brings to the attention of scientists recent research on small GTPases so that they can employ genome editing tools to precisely engineer economically important plants through the overexpression/knock-out/knock-in of stress-related small GTPase genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jahanvi Ganotra
- Department of Botany, Central University of Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, Jammu, 181143, India
| | - Bhawana Sharma
- Department of Botany, Central University of Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, Jammu, 181143, India
| | - Brijesh Biswal
- Department of Botany, Central University of Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, Jammu, 181143, India
| | - Deepak Bhardwaj
- Department of Botany, Central University of Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, Jammu, 181143, India.
| | - Narendra Tuteja
- Plant Molecular Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hua LQ, Yang SQ, Xia ZF, Zeng H. Application of Sophora alopecuroides organic fertilizer changes the rhizosphere microbial community structure of melon plants and increases the fruit sugar content. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:164-175. [PMID: 35837792 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sophora alopecuroides L. is a leguminous plant commonly found in northwest China. In Xinjiang, the fresh herb of S. alopecuroides is often applied as a green fertilizer to the rhizosphere of melon (Cucumis melo) plants at the end of their flowering period, to improve the taste of the fruits. However, the effects of S. alopecuroides-based fertilizers on the microbial community structure of soil and crop-root systems are unclear. In order to study the sweetening mechanism of the S. alopecuroides organic fertilizer, three different varieties of melon were selected. The untreated plants were used as the control (CK) group, and the plants treated with S. alopecuroides-based organic fertilizer were selected as the treatment (T) group. The physical and chemical properties, enzyme activities and microbial community structure of the rhizosphere samples were also determined, and a correlation analysis with the fruit sweetness index was conducted. RESULTS Sugar content of group T was at least 40% higher than that of group CK. The increase in fruit sugar content positively correlated with the increase in the abundance of beneficial microorganisms, including Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Mycobacterium, Burkholderia, Streptomyces, Acinetobacter, Proteobacteria, Lysobacter, Actinomycetes, Penicillium and Aspergillus. CONCLUSION Sophora alopecuroides organic fertilizer could alter the composition and function of bacterial and fungal communities and promote the growth of beneficial bacteria in the melon plant rhizosphere. Further, it could increase the content of soluble solids and sugar in the fruits to achieve a sweetening effect. This fertilizer can be applied as a fruit sweetener in melon cultivation, improving the sugar content of the fruit and consequently the sweetness. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Qi Hua
- College of Life Science, Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Biological Resources in Tarim Basin of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Tarim University, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng-Qiang Yang
- School of Basic Medicine, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhan-Feng Xia
- College of Life Science, Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Biological Resources in Tarim Basin of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Tarim University, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Zeng
- College of Life Science, Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Biological Resources in Tarim Basin of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Tarim University, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
- School of Basic Medicine, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhang H, Hu Z, Luo X, Wang Y, Wang Y, Liu T, Zhang Y, Chu L, Wang X, Zhen Y, Zhang J, Yu Y. ZmRop1 participates in maize defense response to the damage of Spodoptera frugiperda larvae through mediating ROS and soluble phenol production. PLANT DIRECT 2022; 6:e468. [PMID: 36540415 PMCID: PMC9751866 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
As plant-specific molecular switches, Rho-like GTPases (Rops) are vital for plant survival in response to biotic and abiotic stresses. However, their roles in plant defense response to phytophagous insect's damage are largely unknown. In this study, the expression levels of nine maize RAC family genes were analyzed after fall armyworm (FAW) larvae infestation. Among the analyzed genes, ZmRop1 was specifically and highly expressed, and its role in maize response to FAW larvae damage was studied. The results showed that upon FAW larvae infestation, salicylic acid and methyl jasmonate treatment ZmRop1 gene transcripts were all down-regulated. However, upon mechanical injury, the expression level of ZmRop1 was up-regulated. Overexpression of ZmRop1 gene in maize plants could improve maize plant resistance to FAW larvae damage. Conversely, silencing of ZmRop1 increased maize plant susceptibility to FAW larvae damage. The analysis of the potential anti-herbivore metabolites, showed that ZmRop1 promoted the enzyme activities of catalase, peroxidase and the expression levels of ZmCAT, ZmPOD, ZmRBOHA and ZmRBOHB, thereby enhancing the reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, including the content of O2- and H2O2. In addition, overexpression or silencing of ZmRop1 could have influence on the content of the total soluble phenol through mediating the activity of polyphenol oxidase. In summary, the results illuminated our understanding of how ZmRop1 participate in maize defense response to FAW larvae damage as a positive regulator through mediating ROS production and can be used as a reference for the green prevention and control of FAW larvae.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Zhang
- College of AgricultureYangtze UniversityJingzhouChina
| | - Zongwei Hu
- College of AgricultureYangtze UniversityJingzhouChina
| | - Xincheng Luo
- College of Life SciencesYangtze UniversityJingzhouChina
| | - Yuxue Wang
- College of AgricultureYangtze UniversityJingzhouChina
| | - Yi Wang
- College of AgricultureYangtze UniversityJingzhouChina
| | - Ting Liu
- College of AgricultureYangtze UniversityJingzhouChina
| | - Yi Zhang
- College of AgricultureYangtze UniversityJingzhouChina
| | - Longyan Chu
- College of AgricultureYangtze UniversityJingzhouChina
| | | | - Yangya Zhen
- College of Life SciencesYangtze UniversityJingzhouChina
| | - Jianmin Zhang
- College of AgricultureYangtze UniversityJingzhouChina
| | - Yonghao Yu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biology for Crop Diseases and Insect PestsNanningChina
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Molecular cloning and functional characterization of MhHEC2-like genes in Malus halliana reveals it enhances Fe (iron) deficiency tolerance. Funct Integr Genomics 2022; 22:1283-1295. [DOI: 10.1007/s10142-022-00917-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
9
|
Zhai L, Sun Q, Gao M, Cheng X, Liao X, Wu T, Zhang X, Xu X, Wang Y, Han Z. MxMPK4-1 phosphorylates NADPH oxidase to trigger the MxMPK6-2-MxbHLH104 pathway mediated Fe deficiency responses in apple. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2022; 45:2810-2826. [PMID: 35748023 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Iron (Fe) deficiency is a nutritional stress in plants that commonly occurs in alkaline and calcareous soils. Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MPKs), the terminal player of MAPK cascade, are involved in distinct physiological processes. Once plants suffer from Fe deficiency stress, the mechanism of MPK function remains unclear owing to limited study on the MPK networks including substrate proteins and downstream pathways. Here, the MAP kinase MPK4-1 was induced in roots of Fe efficient apple rootstock Malus xiaojinensis but not in Fe inefficient rootstock Malus baccata under Fe deficiency conditions. Overexpression of MxMPK4-1 in apple calli and apple roots enhanced the responses to Fe deficiency. We found that MxMPK4-1 interacted with NADPH oxidases (NOX)-respiratory burst oxidase homologs MxRBOHD1 and MxRBOHD2, which positively regulated responses to Fe deficiency. Moreover, MxMPK4-1 phosphorylated the C terminus of MxRBOHD2 at Ser797 and Ser906 and positively and negatively regulated NOX activity through these phospho-sites, respectively. When compared with apple calli that overexpressed MxRBOHD2, the coexpression of MxMPK4-1 and MxRBOHD2 prominently enhanced the Fe deficiency responses. We also demonstrated that hydrogen peroxide derived from MxMPK4-1-MxRBOHD2 regulated the MxMPK6-2-MxbHLH104 pathway, illuminating a systematic network that involves different MPK proteins in M. xiaojinensis under Fe deficiency stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Longmei Zhai
- Department of Fruit Science, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Nutrition and Physiology), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiran Sun
- Department of Fruit Science, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Nutrition and Physiology), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Gao
- Department of Fruit Science, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Nutrition and Physiology), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinxin Cheng
- Department of Fruit Science, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Nutrition and Physiology), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojun Liao
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Food Nonthermal Processing, Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Key Lab of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Wu
- Department of Fruit Science, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Nutrition and Physiology), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinzhong Zhang
- Department of Fruit Science, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Nutrition and Physiology), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuefeng Xu
- Department of Fruit Science, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Nutrition and Physiology), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Fruit Science, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Nutrition and Physiology), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenhai Han
- Department of Fruit Science, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Nutrition and Physiology), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Song H, Chen F, Wu X, Hu M, Geng Q, Ye M, Zhang C, Jiang L, Cao S. MNB1 gene is involved in regulating the iron-deficiency stress response in Arabidopsis thaliana. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:151. [PMID: 35346040 PMCID: PMC8961904 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03553-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Iron (Fe) is an essential mineral element that involves in many biological processes important for most plants growth and development. Fe-deficiency induces a complex series of responses in plants, involving physiological and developmental changes, to increase Fe uptake from soil. However, the molecular mechanism involved in plant Fe-deficiency is not well understood. RESULTS Here, we found that the MNB1 (mannose-binding-lectin 1) gene is involved in the regulation of Fe-deficiency stress response in Arabidopsis thaliana. The expression abundance of MNB1 was inhibited by Fe-deficiency stress. Knockout of MNB1 led to enhanced Fe accumulation and tolerance, whereas the MNB1-overexpressing plants were sensitive to Fe-deficiency stress. Under conditions of normal and Fe-deficiency, lower H2O2 concentrations were detected in mnb1 mutant plants compared to wild type. On the contrary, higher H2O2 concentrations were found in MNB1-overexpressing plants, which was negatively correlated with malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Furthermore, in mnb1 mutants, the transcription level of the Fe uptake- and translocation-related genes, FIT, IRT1, FRO2, ZIF, FRD3, NAS4, PYE and MYB72, were considerably elevated during Fe-deficiency stress, resulting in enhanced Fe uptake and translocation, thereby increasing Fe accumulation. CONCLUSIONS Together, our findings show that the MNB1 gene negatively controls the Fe-deficiency response in Arabidopsis via modulating reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and the ROS-mediated signaling pathway, thereby affecting the expression of Fe uptake- and translocation-related genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Song
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Feng Chen
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Xi Wu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Min Hu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Qingliu Geng
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Min Ye
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Li Jiang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China.
| | - Shuqing Cao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Satheesh V, Zhang J, Li J, You Q, Zhao P, Wang P, Lei M. High transcriptome plasticity drives phosphate starvation responses in tomato. STRESS BIOLOGY 2022; 2:18. [PMID: 37676521 PMCID: PMC10441952 DOI: 10.1007/s44154-022-00035-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Tomato is an important vegetable crop and fluctuating available soil phosphate (Pi) level elicits several morpho-physiological responses driven by underlying molecular responses. Therefore, understanding these molecular responses at the gene and isoform levels has become critical in the quest for developing crops with improved Pi use efficiency. A quantitative time-series RNA-seq analysis was performed to decipher the global transcriptomic changes that accompany Pi starvation in tomato. Apart from changes in the expression levels of genes, there were also alterations in the expression of alternatively-spliced transcripts. Physiological responses such as anthocyanin accumulation, reactive oxygen species generation and cell death are obvious 7 days after Pi deprivation accompanied with the maximum amount of transcriptional change in the genome making it an important stage for in-depth study while studying Pi stress responses (PSR). Our study demonstrates that transcriptomic changes under Pi deficiency are dynamic and complex in tomato. Overall, our study dwells on the dynamism of the transcriptome in eliciting a response to adapt to low Pi stress and lays it bare. Findings from this study will prove to be an invaluable resource for researchers using tomato as a model for understanding nutrient deficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Viswanathan Satheesh
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Jieqiong Zhang
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032 China
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Jinkai Li
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Qiuye You
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Panfeng Zhao
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Peng Wang
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Mingguang Lei
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032 China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Interdependent iron and phosphorus availability controls photosynthesis through retrograde signaling. Nat Commun 2021; 12:7211. [PMID: 34893639 PMCID: PMC8664907 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27548-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron deficiency hampers photosynthesis and is associated with chlorosis. We recently showed that iron deficiency-induced chlorosis depends on phosphorus availability. How plants integrate these cues to control chlorophyll accumulation is unknown. Here, we show that iron limitation downregulates photosynthesis genes in a phosphorus-dependent manner. Using transcriptomics and genome-wide association analysis, we identify two genes, PHT4;4 encoding a chloroplastic ascorbate transporter and bZIP58, encoding a nuclear transcription factor, which prevent the downregulation of photosynthesis genes leading to the stay-green phenotype under iron-phosphorus deficiency. Joint limitation of these nutrients induces ascorbate accumulation by activating expression of an ascorbate biosynthesis gene, VTC4, which requires bZIP58. Furthermore, we demonstrate that chloroplastic ascorbate transport prevents the downregulation of photosynthesis genes under iron-phosphorus combined deficiency through modulation of ROS homeostasis. Our study uncovers a ROS-mediated chloroplastic retrograde signaling pathway to adapt photosynthesis to nutrient availability.
Collapse
|
13
|
Zhai L, Sun C, Li K, Sun Q, Gao M, Wu T, Zhang X, Xu X, Wang Y, Han Z. MxRop1-MxrbohD1 interaction mediates ROS signaling in response to iron deficiency in the woody plant Malus xiaojinensis. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 313:111071. [PMID: 34763862 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2021.111071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Iron (Fe) deficiency affects crop production and quality. Rho of plants (ROPs) involves in multiple physiological processes in plants. While it has not been well characterized under Fe deficiency, especially in perennial woody plants. In our study, we cloned ROP homologous gene MxRop1 from Malus xiaojinenesis, then overexpressed it in Arabidopsis, showing enhanced plant tolerance to Fe deficiency, which demonstrated its gene function during this stress. Overexpression of MxRop1 also increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Moreover, active state of MxRop1 (CA-MxRop1) interacted with N-terminal region of MxrbohD1, one ROS synthesis gene. When MxrbohD1 was overexpressed in apple calli, it showed significantly increased H2O2 content, fresh weight and FCR activity, while ROS inhibitor application dramatically inhibited FCR activity, demonstrating ROS produced by MxrbohD1 regulated Fe deficiency responses. Furthermore, using Agrobacterium rhizogenes transformation, MxrbohD1 was overexpressed in apple roots, with increased expression of Fe deficiency-induced genes and increased root FCR activity. Under Fe deficiency, it exhibited slight leaf yellowing phenotype. Co-expression of CA-MxRop1 and MxrbohD1 significantly induced ROS generation. Finally, we proposed that MxRop1 interacted with MxrbohD1 to modulate ROS mediated Fe deficiency adaptive responses in Malus xiaojinensis, which will provide a guidance of cultivation of Fe-deficiency tolerant apple plant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Longmei Zhai
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Nutrition and Physiology), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Chaohua Sun
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Nutrition and Physiology), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Keting Li
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Nutrition and Physiology), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Qiran Sun
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Nutrition and Physiology), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Min Gao
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Nutrition and Physiology), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Ting Wu
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Nutrition and Physiology), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Xinzhong Zhang
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Nutrition and Physiology), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Xuefeng Xu
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Nutrition and Physiology), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100193, P.R. China
| | - Yi Wang
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Nutrition and Physiology), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100193, P.R. China.
| | - Zhenhai Han
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Nutrition and Physiology), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100193, P.R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Huang T, Suen D. Iron insufficiency in floral buds impairs pollen development by disrupting tapetum function. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 108:244-267. [PMID: 34310779 PMCID: PMC9292431 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Reduction of crop yield due to iron (Fe) deficiency has always been a concern in agriculture. How Fe insufficiency in floral buds affects pollen development remains unexplored. Here, plants transferred to Fe-deficient medium at the reproductive stage had reduced floral Fe content and viable pollen and showed a defective pollen outer wall, all restored by supplying floral buds with Fe. A comparison of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in Fe-deficient leaves, roots, and anthers suggested that changes in several cellular processes were unique to anthers, including increased lipid degradation. Co-expression analysis revealed that ABORTED MICROSPORES (AMS), DEFECTIVE IN TAPETAL DEVELOPMENT AND FUNCTION1, and BASIC HELIX-LOOP-HELIX 089/091/010 encode key upstream transcription factors of Fe deficiency-responsive DEGs involved in tapetum function and development, including tapetal ROS homeostasis, programmed cell death, and pollen outer wall formation-related lipid metabolism. Analysis of RESPIRATORY-BURST OXIDASE HOMOLOG E (RBOHE) gain- and loss-of-function under Fe deficiency indicated that RBOHE- and Fe-dependent regulation cooperatively control anther reactive oxygen species levels and pollen development. Since DEGs in Fe-deficient anthers were not significantly enriched in genes related to mitochondrial function, the changes in mitochondrial status under Fe deficiency, including respiration activity, density, and morphology, were probably because the Fe amount was insufficient to maintain proper mitochondrial protein function in anthers. To sum up, Fe deficiency in anthers may affect Fe-dependent protein function and impact upstream transcription factors and their downstream genes, resulting in extensively impaired tapetum function and pollen development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tzu‐Hsiang Huang
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research CenterAcademia SinicaTaipei11529Taiwan
- Molecular and Biological Agricultural Sciences ProgramTaiwan International Graduate ProgramAcademia Sinica and National Chung‐Hsing UniversityTaipei11529Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of BiotechnologyNational Chung‐Hsing UniversityTaichung40227Taiwan
| | - Der‐Fen Suen
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research CenterAcademia SinicaTaipei11529Taiwan
- Molecular and Biological Agricultural Sciences ProgramTaiwan International Graduate ProgramAcademia Sinica and National Chung‐Hsing UniversityTaipei11529Taiwan
- Biotechnology CenterNational Chung‐Hsing UniversityTaichung40227Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Gratz R, von der Mark C, Ivanov R, Brumbarova T. Fe acquisition at the crossroad of calcium and reactive oxygen species signaling. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 63:102048. [PMID: 34015752 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2021.102048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Due to its redox properties, iron is both essential and toxic. Therefore, soil iron availability variations pose a significant problem for plants. Recent evidence suggests that calcium and reactive oxygen species coordinate signaling events related to soil iron acquisition. Calcium was found to affect directly IRT1-mediated iron import through the lipid-binding protein EHB1 and to trigger a CBL-CIPK-mediated signaling influencing the activity of the key iron-acquisition transcription factor FIT. In parallel, under prolonged iron deficiency, reactive oxygen species both inhibit FIT function and depend on FIT through the function of the catalase CAT2. We discuss the role of calcium and reactive oxygen species signaling in iron acquisition, with post-translational mechanisms influencing the localization and activity of iron-acquisition regulators and effectors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Regina Gratz
- Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 90183 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Claudia von der Mark
- Group of Plant Vascular Development, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Rumen Ivanov
- Institute of Botany, Heinrich Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Li D, Sun Q, Zhang G, Zhai L, Li K, Feng Y, Wu T, Zhang X, Xu X, Wang Y, Han Z. MxMPK6-2-bHLH104 interaction is involved in reactive oxygen species signaling in response to iron deficiency in apple rootstock. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:1919-1932. [PMID: 33216933 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Iron (Fe) is a trace element necessary for plant growth. Many land plants have evolved a set of mechanisms associated with the Fe absorption process to deal with the problem of insufficient Fe supply in the soil. During Fe absorption, reactive oxygen species (ROS) can be used as a signal to initiate a response to stress caused by Fe deficiency. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the involvement of ROS in the Fe deficiency stress response remains unclear. In this study, we have identified a kinase, MxMPK6-2, from Malus xiaojinensis, an apple rootstock that is highly efficient at Fe absorption. MxMPK6-2 has been shown to be responsive to ROS signals during Fe deficiency, and MxMPK6-2 overexpression in apple calli enhanced its tolerance to Fe deficiency. We further screened for proteins in the Fe absorption pathway and identified MxbHLH104, a transcription factor which interacts with MxMPK6-2. MxbHLH104 can be phosphorylated by MxMPK6-2 in vivo, and we confirmed that its phosphorylation increased Fe absorption in apple calli under Fe deficiency, with the presence of ROS promoting this process. Overall, we have demonstrated that MxMPK6-2 is responsive to ROS signaling during Fe deficiency, and is able to control its response by regulating MxbHLH104.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Duyue Li
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Nutrition and Physiology), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Qiran Sun
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Nutrition and Physiology), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Guifen Zhang
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Nutrition and Physiology), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Longmei Zhai
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Nutrition and Physiology), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Keting Li
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Nutrition and Physiology), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yi Feng
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Nutrition and Physiology), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Ting Wu
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Nutrition and Physiology), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Xinzhong Zhang
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Nutrition and Physiology), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Xuefeng Xu
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Nutrition and Physiology), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yi Wang
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Nutrition and Physiology), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Zhenhai Han
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Nutrition and Physiology), Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Tewari RK, Horemans N, Watanabe M. Evidence for a role of nitric oxide in iron homeostasis in plants. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:990-1006. [PMID: 33196822 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO), once regarded as a poisonous air pollutant, is now understood as a regulatory molecule essential for several biological functions in plants. In this review, we summarize NO generation in different plant organs and cellular compartments, and also discuss the role of NO in iron (Fe) homeostasis, particularly in Fe-deficient plants. Fe is one of the most limiting essential nutrient elements for plants. Plants often exhibit Fe deficiency symptoms despite sufficient tissue Fe concentrations. NO appears to not only up-regulate Fe uptake mechanisms but also makes Fe more bioavailable for metabolic functions. NO forms complexes with Fe, which can then be delivered into target cells/tissues. NO generated in plants can alleviate oxidative stress by regulating antioxidant defense processes, probably by improving functional Fe status and by inducing post-translational modifications in the enzymes/proteins involved in antioxidant defense responses. It is hypothesized that NO acts in cooperation with transcription factors such as bHLHs, FIT, and IRO to regulate the expression of enzymes and proteins essential for Fe homeostasis. However, further investigations are needed to disentangle the interaction of NO with intracellular target molecules that leads to enhanced internal Fe availability in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nele Horemans
- Biosphere Impact Studies, Belgian Nuclear Research Center (SCK•CEN), Boeretang, Mol, Belgium
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan gebouw D, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Masami Watanabe
- Laboratory of Plant Biochemistry, Chiba University, Inage-ward, Yayoicho, Chiba, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Smokvarska M, Francis C, Platre MP, Fiche JB, Alcon C, Dumont X, Nacry P, Bayle V, Nollmann M, Maurel C, Jaillais Y, Martiniere A. A Plasma Membrane Nanodomain Ensures Signal Specificity during Osmotic Signaling in Plants. Curr Biol 2020; 30:4654-4664.e4. [PMID: 33035478 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2020.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
In the course of their growth and development, plants have to constantly perceive and react to their environment. This is achieved in cells by the coordination of complex combinatorial signaling networks. However, how signal integration and specificity are achieved in this context is unknown. With a focus on the hyperosmotic stimulus, we use live super-resolution light imaging methods to demonstrate that a Rho GTPase, Rho-of-Plant 6 (ROP6), forms stimuli-dependent nanodomains within the plasma membrane (PM). These nanodomains are necessary and sufficient to transduce production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that act as secondary messengers and trigger several plant adaptive responses to osmotic constraints. Furthermore, osmotic signal triggers interaction between ROP6 and two NADPH oxidases that subsequently generate ROS. ROP6 nanoclustering is also needed for cell surface auxin signaling, but short-time auxin treatment does not induce ROS accumulation. We show that auxin-induced ROP6 nanodomains, unlike osmotically driven ROP6 clusters, do not recruit the NADPH oxidase, RBOHD. Together, our results suggest that Rho GTPase nano-partitioning at the PM ensures signal specificity downstream of independent stimuli.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marija Smokvarska
- BPMP, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Charbel Francis
- BPMP, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Matthieu Pierre Platre
- Laboratoire Reproduction et Développement des Plantes, Université Lyon, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement, F-69342 Lyon, France
| | - Jean-Bernard Fiche
- Centre de Biochimie Structurale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unité Mixte de Recherche 5048, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1054, Université de Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Carine Alcon
- BPMP, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Xavier Dumont
- BPMP, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Philippe Nacry
- BPMP, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Vincent Bayle
- Laboratoire Reproduction et Développement des Plantes, Université Lyon, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement, F-69342 Lyon, France
| | - Marcelo Nollmann
- Centre de Biochimie Structurale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unité Mixte de Recherche 5048, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1054, Université de Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Christophe Maurel
- BPMP, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Y Jaillais
- Laboratoire Reproduction et Développement des Plantes, Université Lyon, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement, F-69342 Lyon, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Engelhardt S, Trutzenberg A, Hückelhoven R. Regulation and Functions of ROP GTPases in Plant-Microbe Interactions. Cells 2020; 9:E2016. [PMID: 32887298 PMCID: PMC7565977 DOI: 10.3390/cells9092016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Rho proteins of plants (ROPs) form a specific clade of Rho GTPases, which are involved in either plant immunity or susceptibility to diseases. They are intensively studied in grass host plants, in which ROPs are signaling hubs downstream of both cell surface immune receptor kinases and intracellular nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat receptors, which activate major branches of plant immune signaling. Additionally, invasive fungal pathogens may co-opt the function of ROPs for manipulation of the cytoskeleton, cell invasion and host cell developmental reprogramming, which promote pathogenic colonization. Strikingly, mammalian bacterial pathogens also initiate both effector-triggered susceptibility for cell invasion and effector-triggered immunity via Rho GTPases. In this review, we summarize central concepts of Rho signaling in disease and immunity of plants and briefly compare them to important findings in the mammalian research field. We focus on Rho activation, downstream signaling and cellular reorganization under control of Rho proteins involved in disease progression and pathogen resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ralph Hückelhoven
- Phytopathology, TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Emil-Ramann-Straße 2, 85354 Freising, Germany; (S.E.); (A.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
RBOH-Dependent ROS Synthesis and ROS Scavenging by Plant Specialized Metabolites To Modulate Plant Development and Stress Responses. Chem Res Toxicol 2019; 32:370-396. [PMID: 30781949 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.9b00028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) regulate plant growth and development. ROS are kept at low levels in cells to prevent oxidative damage, allowing them to be effective signaling molecules upon increased synthesis. In plants and animals, NADPH oxidase/respiratory burst oxidase homolog (RBOH) proteins provide localized ROS bursts to regulate growth, developmental processes, and stress responses. This review details ROS production via RBOH enzymes in the context of plant development and stress responses and defines the locations and tissues in which members of this family function in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. To ensure that these ROS signals do not reach damaging levels, plants use an array of antioxidant strategies. In addition to antioxidant machineries similar to those found in animals, plants also have a variety of specialized metabolites that scavenge ROS. These plant specialized metabolites exhibit immense structural diversity and have highly localized accumulation. This makes them important players in plant developmental processes and stress responses that use ROS-dependent signaling mechanisms. This review summarizes the unique properties of plant specialized metabolites, including carotenoids, ascorbate, tocochromanols (vitamin E), and flavonoids, in modulating ROS homeostasis. Flavonols, a subclass of flavonoids with potent antioxidant activity, are induced during stress and development, suggesting that they have a role in maintaining ROS homeostasis. Recent results using genetic approaches have shown how flavonols regulate development and stress responses through their action as antioxidants.
Collapse
|