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Jowsey WJ, Cook GM, McNeil MB. Antibiotic resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis alters tolerance to cell wall-targeting inhibitors. JAC Antimicrob Resist 2024; 6:dlae086. [PMID: 38836195 PMCID: PMC11148391 DOI: 10.1093/jacamr/dlae086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background A limited ability to eliminate drug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a major contributor to the morbidity of TB. Complicating this problem, little is known about how drug resistance-conferring mutations alter the ability of M. tuberculosis to tolerate antibiotic killing. Here, we investigated if drug-resistant strains of M. tuberculosis have an altered ability to tolerate killing by cell wall-targeting inhibitors. Methods Bacterial killing and MIC assays were used to test for antibiotic tolerance and synergy against a panel of drug-resistant M. tuberculosis strains. Results Our results demonstrate that vancomycin and thioacetazone exhibit increased killing of diverse drug-resistant strains. Mutations in mmaA4 and mmpL3 increased vancomycin killing, which was consistent with vancomycin synergizing with thioacetazone and MmpL3-targeting inhibitors. In contrast, mutations in the mce1 operon conferred tolerance to vancomycin. Conclusions Overall, this work demonstrates how drug-resistant strains experience perturbations in cell-wall production that alters their tolerance to killing by cell wall-targeting inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- William J Jowsey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Gregory M Cook
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Matthew B McNeil
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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Yang D, Zhang Y, Sow IS, Liang H, El Manssouri N, Gelbcke M, Dong L, Chen G, Dufrasne F, Fontaine V, Li R. Antimycobacterial Activities of Hydroxamic Acids and Their Iron(II/III), Nickel(II), Copper(II) and Zinc(II) Complexes. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2611. [PMID: 37894269 PMCID: PMC10609363 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11102611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydroxamic acid (HA) derivatives display antibacterial and antifungal activities. HA with various numbers of carbon atoms (C2, C6, C8, C10, C12 and C17), complexed with different metal ions, including Fe(II/III), Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II), were evaluated for their antimycobacterial activities and their anti-biofilm activities. Some derivatives showed antimycobacterial activities, especially in biofilm growth conditions. For example, 20-100 µM of HA10Fe2, HA10FeCl, HA10Fe3, HA10Ni2 or HA10Cu2 inhibited Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium bovis BCG and Mycobacterium marinum biofilm development. HA10Fe2, HA12Fe2 and HA12FeCl could even attack pre-formed Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms at higher concentrations (around 300 µM). The phthiocerol dimycocerosate (PDIM)-deficient Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Ra was more sensitive to the ion complexes of HA compared to other mycobacterial strains. Furthermore, HA10FeCl could increase the susceptibility of Mycobacterium bovis BCG to vancomycin. Proteomic profiles showed that the potential targets of HA10FeCl were mainly related to mycobacterial stress adaptation, involving cell wall lipid biosynthesis, drug resistance and tolerance and siderophore metabolism. This study provides new insights regarding the antimycobacterial activities of HA and their complexes, especially about their potential anti-biofilm activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Yang
- Clinical Laboratory, Shanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China; (D.Y.)
| | - Yanfang Zhang
- Clinical Laboratory, Shanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China; (D.Y.)
| | - Ibrahima Sory Sow
- Microbiology, Bioorganic and Macromolecular Chemistry Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Boulevard du Triomphe, 1050 Brussels, Belgium; (I.S.S.); (V.F.)
| | - Hongping Liang
- Clinical Laboratory, Shanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China; (D.Y.)
| | - Naïma El Manssouri
- Microbiology, Bioorganic and Macromolecular Chemistry Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Boulevard du Triomphe, 1050 Brussels, Belgium; (I.S.S.); (V.F.)
| | - Michel Gelbcke
- Microbiology, Bioorganic and Macromolecular Chemistry Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Boulevard du Triomphe, 1050 Brussels, Belgium; (I.S.S.); (V.F.)
| | - Lina Dong
- Core Laboratory, Shanxi Provincial People’s Hospital (Fifth Hospital) of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030012, China
| | - Guangxin Chen
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - François Dufrasne
- Microbiology, Bioorganic and Macromolecular Chemistry Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Boulevard du Triomphe, 1050 Brussels, Belgium; (I.S.S.); (V.F.)
| | - Véronique Fontaine
- Microbiology, Bioorganic and Macromolecular Chemistry Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Boulevard du Triomphe, 1050 Brussels, Belgium; (I.S.S.); (V.F.)
| | - Rongshan Li
- Department of Nephrology, Shanxi Kidney Disease Institute, The Affiliated People’s Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Taiyuan 030001, China
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Mycobacterium tuberculosis Requires the Outer Membrane Lipid Phthiocerol Dimycocerosate for Starvation-Induced Antibiotic Tolerance. mSystems 2023; 8:e0069922. [PMID: 36598240 PMCID: PMC9948706 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00699-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Tolerance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to antibiotics contributes to the long duration of tuberculosis (TB) treatment and the emergence of drug-resistant strains. M. tuberculosis drug tolerance is induced by nutrient restriction, but the genetic determinants that promote antibiotic tolerance triggered by nutrient limitation have not been comprehensively identified. Here, we show that M. tuberculosis requires production of the outer membrane lipid phthiocerol dimycocerosate (PDIM) to tolerate antibiotics under nutrient-limited conditions. We developed an arrayed transposon (Tn) mutant library in M. tuberculosis Erdman and used orthogonal pooling and transposon sequencing (Tn-seq) to map the locations of individual mutants in the library. We screened a subset of the library (~1,000 mutants) by Tn-seq and identified 32 and 102 Tn mutants with altered tolerance to antibiotics under stationary-phase and phosphate-starved conditions, respectively. Two mutants recovered from the arrayed library, ppgK::Tn and clpS::Tn, showed increased susceptibility to two different drug combinations under both nutrient-limited conditions, but their phenotypes were not complemented by the Tn-disrupted gene. Whole-genome sequencing revealed single nucleotide polymorphisms in both the ppgK::Tn and clpS::Tn mutants that prevented PDIM production. Complementation of the clpS::Tn ppsD Q291* mutant with ppsD restored PDIM production and antibiotic tolerance, demonstrating that loss of PDIM sensitized M. tuberculosis to antibiotics. Our data suggest that drugs targeting production of PDIM, a critical M. tuberculosis virulence determinant, have the potential to enhance the efficacy of existing antibiotics, thereby shortening TB treatment and limiting development of drug resistance. IMPORTANCE Mycobacterium tuberculosis causes 10 million cases of active TB disease and over 1 million deaths worldwide each year. TB treatment is complex, requiring at least 6 months of therapy with a combination of antibiotics. One factor that contributes to the length of TB treatment is M. tuberculosis phenotypic antibiotic tolerance, which allows the bacteria to survive prolonged drug exposure even in the absence of genetic mutations causing drug resistance. Here, we report a genetic screen to identify M. tuberculosis genes that promote drug tolerance during nutrient starvation. Our study revealed the outer membrane lipid phthiocerol dimycocerosate (PDIM) as a key determinant of M. tuberculosis antibiotic tolerance triggered by nutrient starvation. Our study implicates PDIM synthesis as a potential target for development of new TB drugs that would sensitize M. tuberculosis to existing antibiotics to shorten TB treatment.
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Identification of covalent inhibitors that disrupt M. tuberculosis growth by targeting multiple serine hydrolases involved in lipid metabolism. Cell Chem Biol 2022; 29:897-909.e7. [PMID: 34599874 PMCID: PMC9252067 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2021.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The increasing incidence of antibiotic-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections is a global health threat necessitating the development of new antibiotics. Serine hydrolases (SHs) are a promising class of targets because of their importance for the synthesis of the mycobacterial cell envelope. We screen a library of small molecules containing serine-reactive electrophiles and identify narrow-spectrum inhibitors of M. tuberculosis growth. Using these lead molecules, we perform competitive activity-based protein profiling and identify multiple SH targets, including enzymes with uncharacterized functions. Lipidomic analyses of compound-treated cultures reveal an accumulation of free lipids and a substantial decrease in lipooligosaccharides, linking SH inhibition to defects in cell envelope biogenesis. Mutant analysis reveals a path to resistance via the synthesis of mycocerates, but not through mutations to SH targets. Our results suggest that simultaneous inhibition of multiple SH enzymes is likely to be an effective therapeutic strategy for the treatment of M. tuberculosis infections.
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Yang D, Klebl DP, Zeng S, Sobott F, Prévost M, Soumillion P, Vandenbussche G, Fontaine V. Interplays between copper and Mycobacterium tuberculosis GroEL1. Metallomics 2020; 12:1267-1277. [DOI: 10.1039/d0mt00101e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The chaperone GroEL1 enhances copper tolerance during Mycobacterium bovis BCG biofilm formation. The binding of copper ions to the GroEL1 histidine-rich region protects the chaperone from destabilization and increases its ATPase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Yang
- Microbiology, Bioorganic and Macromolecular Chemistry Unit
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB)
- Brussels
- Belgium
| | - David P. Klebl
- The Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology
- University of Leeds
- Leeds
- UK
- School of Biomedical Sciences
| | - Sheng Zeng
- Microbiology, Bioorganic and Macromolecular Chemistry Unit
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB)
- Brussels
- Belgium
| | - Frank Sobott
- The Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology
- University of Leeds
- Leeds
- UK
- School of Molecular and Cellular Biology
| | - Martine Prévost
- Laboratory for the Structure and Function of Biological Membranes
- Faculty of Sciences
- Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB)
- Brussels
- Belgium
| | - Patrice Soumillion
- Biochemistry and Genetics of Microorganisms
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology
- Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL)
- Louvain-la-Neuve
- Belgium
| | - Guy Vandenbussche
- Laboratory for the Structure and Function of Biological Membranes
- Faculty of Sciences
- Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB)
- Brussels
- Belgium
| | - Véronique Fontaine
- Microbiology, Bioorganic and Macromolecular Chemistry Unit
- Faculty of Pharmacy
- Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB)
- Brussels
- Belgium
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