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Cui Y, Ran R, Da Y, Zhang H, Jiang M, Qi X, Zhang W, Niu L, Zhou Y, Zhou C, Tang X, Wang K, Yan Y, Ren Y, Dong D, Zhou Y, Wang H, Gong J, Hu F, Zhao S, Zhang H, Zhang C, Yang J. The combination of breast cancer PDO and mini-PDX platform for drug screening and individualized treatment. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18374. [PMID: 38722288 PMCID: PMC11081008 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The majority of advanced breast cancers exhibit strong aggressiveness, heterogeneity, and drug resistance, and currently, the lack of effective treatment strategies is one of the main challenges that cancer research must face. Therefore, developing a feasible preclinical model to explore tailored treatments for refractory breast cancer is urgently needed. We established organoid biobanks from 17 patients with breast cancer and characterized them by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and next generation sequencing (NGS). In addition, we in the first combination of patient-derived organoids (PDOs) with mini-patient-derived xenografts (Mini-PDXs) for the rapid and precise screening of drug sensitivity. We confirmed that breast cancer organoids are a high-fidelity three-dimension (3D) model in vitro that recapitulates the original tumour's histological and genetic features. In addition, for a heavily pretreated patient with advanced drug-resistant breast cancer, we combined PDO and Mini-PDX models to identify potentially effective combinations of therapeutic agents for this patient who were alpelisib + fulvestrant. In the drug sensitivity experiment of organoids, we observed changes in the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling axis and oestrogen receptor (ER) protein expression levels, which further verified the reliability of the screening results. Our study demonstrates that the PDO combined with mini-PDX model offers a rapid and precise drug screening platform that holds promise for personalized medicine, improving patient outcomes and addressing the urgent need for effective therapies in advanced breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Cui
- Precision Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiPeople's Republic of China
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiPeople's Republic of China
- Department of Medical OncologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Ran Ran
- Precision Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiPeople's Republic of China
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiPeople's Republic of China
- Department of Medical OncologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Yanyan Da
- Precision Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiPeople's Republic of China
- Center for Molecular Diagnosis and Precision MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang UniversityNanchangJiangxiChina
| | - Huiwen Zhang
- Precision Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Meng Jiang
- Precision Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiPeople's Republic of China
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiPeople's Republic of China
- Department of Medical OncologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Xin Qi
- Precision Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiPeople's Republic of China
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiPeople's Republic of China
- Department of Medical OncologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Breast SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Ligang Niu
- Department of Breast SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Yuhui Zhou
- Department of Breast SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Can Zhou
- Department of Breast SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojiang Tang
- Department of Breast SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Ke Wang
- Department of Breast SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Yu Yan
- Department of Breast SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Yu Ren
- Department of Breast SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Danfeng Dong
- Precision Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiPeople's Republic of China
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiPeople's Republic of China
- Department of Medical OncologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Precision Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiPeople's Republic of China
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiPeople's Republic of China
- Department of Medical OncologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Hui Wang
- Precision Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiPeople's Republic of China
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiPeople's Republic of China
- Department of Medical OncologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Jin Gong
- Precision Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiPeople's Republic of China
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiPeople's Republic of China
- Department of Medical OncologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Fang Hu
- Precision Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiPeople's Republic of China
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiPeople's Republic of China
- Department of Medical OncologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Shidi Zhao
- Precision Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiPeople's Republic of China
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiPeople's Republic of China
- Department of Medical OncologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Huimin Zhang
- Department of Breast SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiPeople's Republic of China
| | - Chengsheng Zhang
- Precision Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiPeople's Republic of China
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiPeople's Republic of China
- Center for Molecular Diagnosis and Precision MedicineThe First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang UniversityNanchangJiangxiChina
| | - Jin Yang
- Precision Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiPeople's Republic of China
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiPeople's Republic of China
- Department of Medical OncologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiPeople's Republic of China
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Chen Q, Zhang T, Li B, Zhu Z, Ma X, Zhang Y, Li L, Zhu J, Zhang G. Gentiopicroside inhibits the progression of gastric cancer through modulating EGFR/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Eur J Med Res 2024; 29:47. [PMID: 38212810 PMCID: PMC10782718 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-024-01637-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study was designed to clarify the function and potential mechanism of gentiopicroside (GPS) in regulating the malignant progression of gastric cancer (GC) through in vitro cellular experiments and in vivo animal models. METHODS AGS and HGC27 cells were divided into control group and GPS treatment groups (50 µM and 100 µM). Then, the cellular proliferation, colony formation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis were detected, respectively. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) was used to observe the mitochondrial changes, and the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was determined using the JC-1 commercial kit. Network pharmacology analysis was utilized to screen the potential molecule that may be related to the GPS activity on GC cells, followed by validation tests using Western blot in the presence of specific activator. In addition, xenografted tumor model was established using BALB/c nude mice via subcutaneous injection of HGC27 cells, along with pulmonary metastasis model. Then, the potential effects of GPS on the tumor growth and metastasis were detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and HE staining. RESULTS GPS inhibited the proliferation, invasion and migration of GC cell lines in a dose-dependent manner. Besides, it could induce mitochondrial apoptosis. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) may be a potential target for GPS action in GC by network pharmacological analysis. GPS inhibits activation of the EGFR/PI3K/AKT axis by reducing EGFR expression. In vivo experiments indicated that GPS induced significant decrease in tumor volume, and it also inhibited the pulmonary metastasis. For the safety concerns, GPS caused no obvious toxicities to the heart, liver, spleen, lung and kidney tissues. IHC staining confirmed GPS downregulated the activity of EGFR/PI3K/AKT. CONCLUSIONS Our investigation demonstrated for the first time that GPS could inhibit GC malignant progression by targeting the EGFR/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. This study indicated that GPS may be serve as a safe anti-tumor drug for further treatment of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qishuai Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, No. 16766 Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Tongtong Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medical, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, 255000, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingjun Li
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, No. 16766 Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenguo Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, No. 16766 Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaomin Ma
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, No. 16766 Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, No. 16766 Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Linchuan Li
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, No. 16766 Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiankang Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, No. 16766 Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangyong Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, No. 16766 Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.
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Bye BA, Jack J, Pierce A, Walsh RM, Eades A, Chalise P, Olou A, VanSaun MN. Combined PI3K and MAPK inhibition synergizes to suppress PDAC. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.15.553438. [PMID: 37645960 PMCID: PMC10462031 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.15.553438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Oncogenic KRAS mutations are nearly ubiquitous in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), yet therapeutic attempts to target KRAS as well as its target MAPK pathway effectors have shown limited success due to the difficulty to pharmacologically target KRAS, inherent drug resistance in PDAC cells, and acquired resistance through activation of alternative mitogenic pathways such JAK-STAT and PI3K-AKT. While KRAS canonically drives the MAPK signaling pathway via RAF-MEK-ERK, it is also known to play a role in PI3K-AKT signaling. Our therapeutic study targeted the PI3K-AKT pathway with the drug Omipalisib (p110α/β/δ/γ and mTORC1/2 inhibitor) in combination with MAPK pathway targeting drug Trametinib (MEK1/2 inhibitor) or SHP099-HCL (SHP099), which is an inhibitor of the KRAS effector SHP2. Western blot analysis demonstrated that application of Trametinib or SHP099 alone selectively blocked ERK phosphorylation (pERK) but failed to suppress phosphorylated AKT (pAKT) and in some instances increased pAKT levels. Conversely, Omipalisib alone successfully inhibited pAKT but failed to suppress pERK. Therefore, we hypothesized that a combination therapeutic comprised of Omipalisib with either Trametinib or SHP099 would inhibit two prominent mitogenic pathways, MEK and PI3K-AKT, to more effectively suppress pancreatic cancer. In vitro studies demonstrated that both Omipalisib/Trametinib and Omipalisib/SHP099 combination therapeutic strategies were generally more effective than treatment with each drug individually at reducing proliferation, colony formation, and cell migration compared to vehicle controls. Additionally, we found that while combination Omipalisib/SHP099 treatment reduced implanted tumor growth in vivo , the Omipalisib/Trametinib treatment was significantly more effective. Therefore, we additionally tested the Omipalisib/Trametinib combination therapeutic in the highly aggressive PKT (Ptf1a cre , LSL-Kras G12D , TGFbR2 fl/fl ) spontaneous mouse model of PDAC. We subsequently found that PKT mice treated with the Omipalisib/Trametinib combination therapeutic survived significantly longer than mice treated with either drug alone, and more than doubled the mean survival time of vehicle control mice. Altogether, our data support the importance of a dual treatment strategy targeting both MAPK and PI3K-AKT pathways.
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