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Rodríguez-Durán J, Gallardo JP, Alba Soto CD, Gómez KA, Potenza M. The Kinetoplastid-Specific Protein TcCAL1 Plays Different Roles During In Vitro Differentiation and Host-Cell Invasion in Trypanosoma cruzi. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:901880. [PMID: 35846750 PMCID: PMC9280158 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.901880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In the pathogen Typanosoma cruzi, the calcium ion (Ca2+) regulates key processes for parasite survival. However, the mechanisms decoding Ca2+ signals are not fully identified or understood. Here, we investigate the role of a hypothetical Ca2+-binding protein named TcCAL1 in the in vitro life cycle of T. cruzi. Results showed that the overexpression of TcCAL1 fused to a 6X histidine tag (TcCAL1-6xHis) impaired the differentiation of epimastigotes into metacyclic trypomastigotes, significantly decreasing metacyclogenesis rates. When the virulence of transgenic metacyclic trypomastigotes was explored in mammalian cell invasion assays, we found that the percentage of infection was significantly higher in Vero cells incubated with TcCAL1-6xHis-overexpressing parasites than in controls, as well as the number of intracellular amastigotes. Additionally, the percentage of Vero cells with adhered metacyclic trypomastigotes significantly increased in samples incubated with TcCAL1-6xHis-overexpressing parasites compared with controls. In contrast, the differentiation rates from metacyclic trypomastigotes to axenic amastigotes or the epimastigote proliferation in the exponential phase of growth have not been affected by TcCAL1-6xHis overexpression. Based on our findings, we speculate that TcCAL1 exerts its function by sequestering intracellular Ca2+ by its EF-hand motifs (impairing metacyclogenesis) and/or due to an unknown activity which could be amplified by the ion binding (promoting cell invasion). This work underpins the importance of studying the kinetoplastid-specific proteins with unknown functions in pathogen parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Rodríguez-Durán
- Laboratorio de Biología e Inmunología de las Infecciones por Tripanosomátidos, Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular “Dr. Héctor Torres”—CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juan Pablo Gallardo
- Laboratorio de Biología e Inmunología de las Infecciones por Tripanosomátidos, Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular “Dr. Héctor Torres”—CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Catalina Dirney Alba Soto
- Instituto de Microbiología y Parasitología Médica, Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Karina Andrea Gómez
- Laboratorio de Biología e Inmunología de las Infecciones por Tripanosomátidos, Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular “Dr. Héctor Torres”—CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariana Potenza
- Laboratorio de Biología e Inmunología de las Infecciones por Tripanosomátidos, Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular “Dr. Héctor Torres”—CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- *Correspondence: Mariana Potenza, ;
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Ojeda-Granados C, Abondio P, Setti A, Sarno S, Gnecchi-Ruscone GA, González-Orozco E, De Fanti S, Jiménez-Kaufmann A, Rangel-Villalobos H, Moreno-Estrada A, Sazzini M. Dietary, Cultural and Pathogens-Related Selective Pressures Shaped Differential Adaptive Evolution Among Native Mexican Populations. Mol Biol Evol 2021; 39:6379730. [PMID: 34597392 PMCID: PMC8763094 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msab290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Native American genetic ancestry has been remarkably implicated with increased risk of diverse health issues in several Mexican populations, especially in relation to the dramatic changes in environmental, dietary, and cultural settings they have recently undergone. In particular, the effects of these ecological transitions and Westernization of lifestyles have been investigated so far predominantly on Mestizo individuals. Nevertheless, indigenous groups, rather than admixed Mexicans, have plausibly retained the highest proportions of genetic components shaped by natural selection in response to the ancient milieu experienced by Mexican ancestors during their pre-Columbian evolutionary history. These formerly adaptive variants have the potential to represent the genetic determinants of some biological traits that are peculiar to Mexican people, as well as a reservoir of loci with possible biomedical relevance. To test such a hypothesis, we used genome-wide genotype data to infer the unique adaptive evolution of Native Mexican groups selected as reasonable descendants of the main pre-Columbian Mexican civilizations. A combination of haplotype-based and gene-network analyses enabled us to detect genomic signatures ascribable to polygenic adaptive traits plausibly evolved by the main genetic clusters of Mexican indigenous populations to cope with local environmental and/or cultural conditions. Some of these adaptations were found to play a role in modulating the susceptibility/resistance of these groups to certain pathological conditions, thus providing new evidence that diverse selective pressures have contributed to shape the current biological and disease-risk patterns of present-day Native and Mestizo Mexican populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Ojeda-Granados
- Laboratory of Molecular Anthropology & Centre for Genome Biology, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences (BiGeA), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Department of Molecular Biology in Medicine, Civil Hospital of Guadalajara "Fray Antonio Alcalde" & Health Sciences Center, University of Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Paolo Abondio
- Laboratory of Molecular Anthropology & Centre for Genome Biology, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences (BiGeA), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Alice Setti
- Laboratory of Molecular Anthropology & Centre for Genome Biology, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences (BiGeA), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Laboratory of Molecular Virology, Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Povo-Trento, Italy
| | - Stefania Sarno
- Laboratory of Molecular Anthropology & Centre for Genome Biology, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences (BiGeA), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Guido Alberto Gnecchi-Ruscone
- Laboratory of Molecular Anthropology & Centre for Genome Biology, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences (BiGeA), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Eduardo González-Orozco
- National Laboratory of Genomics for Biodiversity (LANGEBIO), UGA, CINVESTAV, Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Sara De Fanti
- Interdepartmental Centre Alma Mater Research Institute on Global Challenges and Climate Change, University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Andres Jiménez-Kaufmann
- National Laboratory of Genomics for Biodiversity (LANGEBIO), UGA, CINVESTAV, Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Héctor Rangel-Villalobos
- Instituto de Investigación en Genética Molecular, Centro Universitario de la Ciénega, Universidad de Guadalajara, Ocotlán, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Andrés Moreno-Estrada
- National Laboratory of Genomics for Biodiversity (LANGEBIO), UGA, CINVESTAV, Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Marco Sazzini
- Laboratory of Molecular Anthropology & Centre for Genome Biology, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences (BiGeA), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Interdepartmental Centre Alma Mater Research Institute on Global Challenges and Climate Change, University of Bologna, Italy
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Abstract
In the body, extracellular stimuli produce inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3), an intracellular chemical signal that binds to the IP3 receptor (IP3R) to release calcium ions (Ca2+) from the endoplasmic reticulum. In the past 40 years, the wide-ranging functions mediated by IP3R and its genetic defects causing a variety of disorders have been unveiled. Recent cryo-electron microscopy and X-ray crystallography have resolved IP3R structures and begun to integrate with concurrent functional studies, which can explicate IP3-dependent opening of Ca2+-conducting gates placed ∼90 Å away from IP3-binding sites and its regulation by Ca2+. This review highlights recent research progress on the IP3R structure and function. We also propose how protein plasticity within IP3R, which involves allosteric gating and assembly transformations accompanied by rapid and chronic structural changes, would enable it to regulate diverse functions at cellular microdomains in pathophysiological states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kozo Hamada
- Laboratory of Cell Calcium Signaling, Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies (SIAIS), ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China; ,
| | - Katsuhiko Mikoshiba
- Laboratory of Cell Calcium Signaling, Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies (SIAIS), ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China; ,
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