1
|
Svop Jensen V, Fledelius C, Max Wulff E, Lykkesfeldt J, Hvid H. Temporal Development of Dyslipidemia and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) in Syrian Hamsters Fed a High-Fat, High-Fructose, High-Cholesterol Diet. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13020604. [PMID: 33673227 PMCID: PMC7917647 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of translationally relevant animal models is essential, also within the field of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Compared to frequently used mouse and rat models, the hamster may provide a higher degree of physiological similarity to humans in terms of lipid profile and lipoprotein metabolism. However, the effects in hamsters after long-term exposure to a NASH diet are not known. Male Syrian hamsters were fed either a high-fat, high-fructose, high-cholesterol diet (NASH diet) or control diets for up to 12 months. Plasma parameters were assessed at two weeks, one, four, eight and 12 months and liver histopathology and biochemistry was characterized after four, eight and 12 months on the experimental diets. After two weeks, hamsters on NASH diet had developed marked dyslipidemia, which persisted for the remainder of the study. Hepatic steatosis was present in NASH-fed hamsters after four months, and hepatic stellate cell activation and fibrosis was observed within four to eight months, respectively, in agreement with progression towards NASH. In summary, we demonstrate that hamsters rapidly develop dyslipidemia when fed a high-fat, high-fructose, high-cholesterol diet. Moreover, within four to eight months, the NASH-diet induced hepatic changes with resemblance to human NAFLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Svop Jensen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Ridebanevej 9, DK-1870 Frederiksberg, Denmark;
- Diabetes Pharmacology 1, Novo Nordisk A/S, Novo Nordisk Park 1, DK-2760 Måløv, Denmark;
- Correspondence:
| | - Christian Fledelius
- Diabetes Pharmacology 1, Novo Nordisk A/S, Novo Nordisk Park 1, DK-2760 Måløv, Denmark;
| | - Erik Max Wulff
- Gubra ApS, Hørsholm Kongevej 11B, DK-2970 Hørsholm, Denmark;
| | - Jens Lykkesfeldt
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Ridebanevej 9, DK-1870 Frederiksberg, Denmark;
| | - Henning Hvid
- Pathology & Imaging, Novo Nordisk A/S, Novo Nordisk Park 1, DK-2760 Måløv, Denmark;
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ge W, Zhang W, Gao R, Li B, Zhu H, Wang J. IMM-H007 improves heart function via reducing cardiac fibrosis. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 857:172442. [PMID: 31181209 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac dysfunction is a pathological state characterized by damaged ability of the left ventricle (LV) to either eject or fill blood accompanied by cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. IMM-H007, an adenosine derivative, is an activator of AMP-Activated Protein Kinase (AMPK). AMPK can decrease the transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) expression during fibrosis. Therefore, we hypothesized that IMM-H007 contributed to cardiac dysfunction by mediating cardiac fibrosis. To test this hypothesis, we used angiotensin II (AngII)-induced cardiac remodeling model treated with IMM-H007 or vehicle. Echocardiography measurements showed that IMM-H007 significantly improved heart function indicated by increased LV ejection fraction (%LVEF) and LV fractional shortening (%LVFS). Histological staining and qRT-PCR analysis revealed that IMM-H007 markedly reduced AngII-induced cardiac fibroblast activation (α-smooth muscle actin and periostin) and matrix protein production (Collagen I and Collagen III). However, IMM-H007 did not affect AngII-induced cardiac hypertrophy. Immunoblotting analysis revealed that IMM-H007 activated AMPK, decreased the expression of TGF-β1, and inhibited the activation of Smad2 in heart tissues. In mouse primary cultured cardiac fibroblasts, pharmacological activation of AMPK by IMM-H007 significantly reduced AngII-induced TGF-β1 expression as well. Consistently, in human cardiac fibroblasts-adult ventricular (HCF-av), IMM-H007 activated AMPK and markedly suppressed AngII-induced TGF-β1 expression. These results together reveal that IMM-H007 improves heart function, and alleviates AngII-induced cardiac fibrosis by regulating AMPK-TGF-β1 signaling. These findings suggest IMM-H007 as a potential drug for treating cardiac dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weipeng Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Pathophysiology, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Pathophysiology, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ran Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Pathophysiology, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Bolun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Pathophysiology, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Haibo Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Mechanisms and Pharmacological Evaluation Study, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Pathophysiology, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Jin M, Guo N, Li T, Liu X, Sun S, Jin X, Zhu H, Qin H, Wang Y. Comprehensive characterization of in vitro and in vivo metabolites of 2',3',5'‑tri‑O‑acetyl‑N 6‑(3‑hydroxyphenyl) adenosine and study of the metabolites distribution in rats by combined methods of HPLC-DAD, off-line cryoNMR, and HPLC-QTOFMS. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2018; 1096:187-200. [PMID: 30176508 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2018.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/25/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The compound 2',3',5'‑tri‑O‑acetyl‑N6‑(3‑hydroxyphenyl) adenosine (also known as IMM-H007) is a new adenosine analogue that displays anti-hyperlipidaemic activity in many preliminary studies. To clarify its biotransformation process, in vitro and in vivo metabolic patterns of IMM-H007 in rat liver microsomes (RLMs), urine, feces, serum, and various tissues were investigated using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to a diode array detector (HPLC-DAD), off-line cryogenically cooled probe nuclear magnetic resonance (cryoNMR), and high-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole TOF MS (HPLC-QTOFMS) measurements. A total of 21 metabolites were detected and identified based on accurate mass measurements, diagnostic product ions, and 1D and 2D NMR data. All of the 21 metabolites were detected in vivo besides the 7 ones (LM1-3, LM4a-b, LM5, LM6 (M8)) in vitro. Among them, eight metabolites were phase I metabolites composed of the hydrolysis products LM1-3, LM4a, LM4b, LM5 and M7-8, and hydrolysis and hydroxylation products M6. Others were phase II metabolites including glucuronidation products M2, M4, M9, M11a-c, and M12a-c; and sulfation products M3, M5, and M10. Notably, 14 metabolites (LM1-3, LM4a-b, LM5, M9-10, M11a-c, M12a-c) were unreported before and the distribution of IMM-H007 and its all metabolites was reported for the first time. The results revealed IMM-H007 was metabolized mainly in the small intestine and serum, kidney, stomach, small and large intestines were important samples for metabolites presence. This work improves understanding of the metabolism, distribution, and excretion of IMM-H007, and demonstrates the HPLC/HPLC-MS/off-line cryoNMR approach can be applied for detection and identification of metabolites in complex biological matrices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengxia Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines & Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Biosynthesis of Natural Products, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Na Guo
- Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tianqi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines & Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Biosynthesis of Natural Products, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines & Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Biosynthesis of Natural Products, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shanshan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines & Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Biosynthesis of Natural Products, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangju Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines & Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Biosynthesis of Natural Products, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Haibo Zhu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Drug Mechanisms and Pharmacological Evaluation Study, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hailin Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines & Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Biosynthesis of Natural Products, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yinghong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines & Ministry of Health Key Laboratory of Biosynthesis of Natural Products, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhong J, Gong W, Chen J, Qing Y, Wu S, Li H, Huang C, Chen Y, Wang Y, Xu Z, Liu W, Li H, Long H. Micheliolide alleviates hepatic steatosis in db/db mice by inhibiting inflammation and promoting autophagy via PPAR-γ-mediated NF-кB and AMPK/mTOR signaling. Int Immunopharmacol 2018; 59:197-208. [PMID: 29656210 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2018.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and anticancer effects of micheliolide (MCL) isolated from Michelia champaca were previously reported, but its role and underlying mechanisms in relieving liver steatosis remain unclear. Herein, we investigated the effects of MCL on hepatic steatosis using a db/db mouse model and lipid mixture (LM)-induced AML12 and LO2 cells. The body and liver weights, food consumption, lipid content and liver aminotransferase levels in serum, the lipid content and inflammatory cytokine levels in liver tissue, and the extent of hepatic steatosis in db/db mice were increased compared with those in db/m mice, and these increases were reversed by MCL treatment. Similarly, MCL also attenuated the inflammatory responses and lipid accumulation in LM-treated AML12 and L02 cells by upregulating PPAR-γ and decreasing p-IкBα and p-NF-κB/p65, thereby inhibiting the NF-κB pathway and reducing lipotoxicity. Furthermore, MCL administration increased LC3B, Atg7 and Beclin-1 expression and the LC3B-II/I ratio in db/db mouse livers and LM-treated AML12 and L02 cells, and these MCL-induced increases were mediated by the activation of PPAR-γ and p-AMPK and inhibition of p-mTOR and induce autophagy. These effects were blocked by PPAR-γ and AMPK inhibitors. Our findings suggest that MCL ameliorates liver steatosis by upregulating PPAR-γ expression, thereby inhibiting NF-κB-mediated inflammation and activating AMPK/mTOR-dependent autophagy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Zhong
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Nanning, Nanning, Guangxi 530022, PR China
| | - Wangqiu Gong
- Nephropathy Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, PR China
| | - Jing Chen
- Laboratory Medicine Center, NanFang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, PR China
| | - Yao Qing
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Nanning, Nanning, Guangxi 530022, PR China
| | - Shuyue Wu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Nanning, Nanning, Guangxi 530022, PR China
| | - Hongbei Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Nanning, Nanning, Guangxi 530022, PR China
| | - Chunxi Huang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Nanning, Nanning, Guangxi 530022, PR China
| | - Yihua Chen
- Nephropathy Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, PR China
| | - Yuxian Wang
- Nephropathy Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, PR China
| | - Zhaozhong Xu
- Nephropathy Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, PR China
| | - Wenting Liu
- Nephropathy Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, PR China
| | - HongYu Li
- Nephropathy Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, PR China
| | - Haibo Long
- Nephropathy Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|