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Moore F, Wang W, Zhao G, Mignone J, Meng W, Chu CH, Ma Z, Azzara A, Cullen MJ, Pelleymounter MA, Appiah K, Cvijic ME, Dierks E, Chang S, Foster K, Kopcho L, O'Malley K, Li YX, Khandelwal P, Whaley JM, Mathur A, Hou X, Wu DR, Robl JA, Cheng D, Devasthale P. Discovery of novel pyridinones as MGAT2 inhibitors for the treatment of metabolic disorders. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2023; 91:129362. [PMID: 37295614 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2023.129362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Inhibition of monoacylglycerol transferase 2 (MGAT2) has recently emerged as a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of metabolic diseases such as obesity, diabetes and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Metabolism studies with our clinical lead (1) suggested variability in in vitro glucuronidation rates in liver microsomes across species, which made projection of human doses challenging. In addition, the observation of deconjugation of the C3-C4 double bond in the dihydropyridinone ring of 1 in solution had the potential to complicate its clinical development. This report describes our lead optimization efforts in a novel pyridinone series, exemplified by compound 33, which successfully addressed both of these potential issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Moore
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research & Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, NJ, 08543, United States
| | - Wei Wang
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research & Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, NJ, 08543, United States
| | - Guohua Zhao
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research & Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, NJ, 08543, United States
| | - James Mignone
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research & Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, NJ, 08543, United States
| | - Wei Meng
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research & Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, NJ, 08543, United States
| | - Ching-Hsuen Chu
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research & Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, NJ, 08543, United States
| | - Zhengping Ma
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research & Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, NJ, 08543, United States
| | - Anthony Azzara
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research & Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, NJ, 08543, United States
| | - Mary Jane Cullen
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research & Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, NJ, 08543, United States
| | - Mary Ann Pelleymounter
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research & Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, NJ, 08543, United States
| | - Kingsley Appiah
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research & Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, NJ, 08543, United States
| | - Mary Ellen Cvijic
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research & Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, NJ, 08543, United States
| | - Elizabeth Dierks
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research & Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, NJ, 08543, United States
| | - Shu Chang
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research & Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, NJ, 08543, United States
| | - Kimberly Foster
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research & Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, NJ, 08543, United States
| | - Lisa Kopcho
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research & Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, NJ, 08543, United States
| | - Kevin O'Malley
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research & Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, NJ, 08543, United States
| | - Yi-Xin Li
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research & Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, NJ, 08543, United States
| | - Purnima Khandelwal
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research & Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, NJ, 08543, United States
| | - Jean M Whaley
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research & Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, NJ, 08543, United States
| | - Arvind Mathur
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research & Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, NJ, 08543, United States
| | - Xiaoping Hou
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research & Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, NJ, 08543, United States
| | - Dauh-Rurng Wu
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research & Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, NJ, 08543, United States
| | - Jeffrey A Robl
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research & Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, NJ, 08543, United States
| | - Dong Cheng
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research & Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, NJ, 08543, United States
| | - Pratik Devasthale
- Bristol Myers Squibb Research & Development, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, NJ, 08543, United States.
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Cuciureanu M, Caratașu CC, Gabrielian L, Frăsinariu OE, Checheriță LE, Trandafir LM, Stanciu GD, Szilagyi A, Pogonea I, Bordeianu G, Soroceanu RP, Andrițoiu CV, Anghel MM, Munteanu D, Cernescu IT, Tamba BI. 360-Degree Perspectives on Obesity. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1119. [PMID: 37374323 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59061119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Alarming statistics show that the number of people affected by excessive weight has surpassed 2 billion, representing approximately 30% of the world's population. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of one of the most serious public health problems, considering that obesity requires an integrative approach that takes into account its complex etiology, including genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. Only an understanding of the connections between the many contributors to obesity and the synergy between treatment interventions can ensure satisfactory outcomes in reducing obesity. Mechanisms such as oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, and dysbiosis play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of obesity and its associated complications. Compounding factors such as the deleterious effects of stress, the novel challenge posed by the obesogenic digital (food) environment, and the stigma associated with obesity should not be overlooked. Preclinical research in animal models has been instrumental in elucidating these mechanisms, and translation into clinical practice has provided promising therapeutic options, including epigenetic approaches, pharmacotherapy, and bariatric surgery. However, more studies are necessary to discover new compounds that target key metabolic pathways, innovative ways to deliver the drugs, the optimal combinations of lifestyle interventions with allopathic treatments, and, last but not least, emerging biological markers for effective monitoring. With each passing day, the obesity crisis tightens its grip, threatening not only individual lives but also burdening healthcare systems and societies at large. It is high time we took action as we confront the urgent imperative to address this escalating global health challenge head-on.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Cuciureanu
- Department of Pharmacology, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Cătălin-Cezar Caratașu
- Department of Pharmacology, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Center for Advanced Research and Development in Experimental Medicine (CEMEX), "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Levon Gabrielian
- Department of Anatomy and Pathology, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5000, Australia
| | - Otilia Elena Frăsinariu
- Department of Mother and Child, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Laura Elisabeta Checheriță
- 2nd Dental Medicine Department, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Laura Mihaela Trandafir
- Department of Mother and Child, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Gabriela Dumitrița Stanciu
- Center for Advanced Research and Development in Experimental Medicine (CEMEX), "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Andrei Szilagyi
- Center for Advanced Research and Development in Experimental Medicine (CEMEX), "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ina Pogonea
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, "Nicolae Testemiţanu" State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2004 Chisinau, Moldova
| | - Gabriela Bordeianu
- Department of Biochemistry, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Radu Petru Soroceanu
- Department of Surgery, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Călin Vasile Andrițoiu
- Specialization of Nutrition and Dietetics, "Vasile Goldis" Western University of Arad, 310025 Arad, Romania
| | - Maria Mihalache Anghel
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, "Nicolae Testemiţanu" State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2004 Chisinau, Moldova
| | - Diana Munteanu
- Institute of Mother and Child, "Nicolae Testemiţanu" State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2062 Chisinau, Moldova
| | - Irina Teodora Cernescu
- Department of Pharmacology, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Bogdan Ionel Tamba
- Department of Pharmacology, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Center for Advanced Research and Development in Experimental Medicine (CEMEX), "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
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Wang G, Zhang Q, Chen Z, Huang Y, Wang W, Zhang X, Jia J, Gao Q, Xu H, Li C. Transcriptome Analysis to Elucidate the Effects of Milk Replacer Feeding Level on Intestinal Function and Development of Early Lambs. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:1733. [PMID: 37889672 PMCID: PMC10251907 DOI: 10.3390/ani13111733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Although early feeding strategies influence intestinal development, the effects of milk replacer (MR) feeding level on intestinal structure and functional development and underlying regulatory mechanisms remain unclear. In this study, 14 male Hu lambs were fed MR at 2% or 4% of their average body weight and weaned at 35 days of age. The MR was produced by the Institute of Feed Research of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, and it contains 96.91% dry matter, 23.22% protein, and 13.20% fat. Jejunal tissues were assessed by RNA-seq for differences in the gene expression of lambs at 49 days of age; regulatory pathways and mechanisms of the effects of early nutrition on intestinal function and development were analyzed, along with growth performance, feed intake, jejunal histomorphology, and digestive enzyme activities. Increasing MR- feeding levels increased dry matter intake and daily gain before weaning, as well as lactase, amylase, lipase, trypsin, and chymotrypsin activities and intestinal villus length and muscular thickness. Overall, 1179 differentially expressed genes were identified, which were enriched in nutrient metabolism, coagulation cascades, and other pathways. Further, intensive MR feeding affected insulin sensitivity to reduce excessive glucose interception by intestinal tissues to ensure adequate absorbed glucose release into the portal circulation and promoted lipid and protein degradation in intestinal tissues to meet the energy demand of intestinal cells by regulating AHSG, IGFBP1, MGAT2, ITIH, and CYP2E1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoxiu Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (G.W.); (Z.C.); (Y.H.); (X.Z.); (J.J.); (Q.G.); (H.X.)
| | - Qian Zhang
- Institute of Grassland Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hohhot 010000, China;
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China;
| | - Zhanyu Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (G.W.); (Z.C.); (Y.H.); (X.Z.); (J.J.); (Q.G.); (H.X.)
| | - Yongliang Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (G.W.); (Z.C.); (Y.H.); (X.Z.); (J.J.); (Q.G.); (H.X.)
| | - Weimin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China;
| | - Xiaoxue Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (G.W.); (Z.C.); (Y.H.); (X.Z.); (J.J.); (Q.G.); (H.X.)
| | - Jiale Jia
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (G.W.); (Z.C.); (Y.H.); (X.Z.); (J.J.); (Q.G.); (H.X.)
| | - Qihao Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (G.W.); (Z.C.); (Y.H.); (X.Z.); (J.J.); (Q.G.); (H.X.)
| | - Haoyu Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (G.W.); (Z.C.); (Y.H.); (X.Z.); (J.J.); (Q.G.); (H.X.)
| | - Chong Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (G.W.); (Z.C.); (Y.H.); (X.Z.); (J.J.); (Q.G.); (H.X.)
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Caiye Z, Song S, Li M, Huang X, Luo Y, Fang S. Genome-wide DNA methylation analysis reveals different methylation patterns in Chinese indigenous sheep with different type of tail. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1125262. [PMID: 37215474 PMCID: PMC10196035 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1125262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The study was aimed to analyze the difference of genome-wide DNA differential methylation in Lanzhou Large-tailed sheep, Altay sheep and Tibetan sheep, which the typical breeds with different type tails, as to screen the differentially methylated genes (DMGs) that affect the type of tails. Methods In this study, three Lanzhou Large-tailed sheep, three Altay sheep and three Tibetan sheep were detected by whole genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS). The degree of genome-wide DNA methylation, differentially methylated regions (DMRs) and DMGs were analyzed. The candidate genes affecting the tail type of sheep were identified by GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis of DMGs. Results we identified 68,603 different methylated regions (DMCs) and 75 differentially methylated genes (DMGs) associated with these DMCs. Functional analysis showed that these DMGs were mainly enriched in biological process, cellular component and molecular function, Some of the genes in these pathways are involved in fat metabolism: NFATC4, LPIN2, MGAT2 and MAT2B. Conclusion Our results may help to further understand the epigenetic regulation mechanisms of deposition of fat in the tail of sheep and provide new basic data for the study of local sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhu Caiye
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Shuzhen Song
- Institute of Animal and Pasture Science and Green Agriculture, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Minna Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xaioyu Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yan Luo
- Gansu Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Pingliang, China
| | - Suli Fang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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Stone SJ. Mechanisms of intestinal triacylglycerol synthesis. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2022; 1867:159151. [PMID: 35296424 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2022.159151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Triacylglycerols are a major source of stored energy that are obtained either from the diet or can be synthesized to some extent by most tissues. Alterations in pathways of triacylglycerol metabolism can result in their excessive accumulation leading to obesity, insulin resistance, cardiovascular disease and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Most tissues in mammals synthesize triacylglycerols via the glycerol 3-phosphate pathway. However, in the small intestine the monoacylglycerol acyltransferase pathway is the predominant pathway for triacylglycerol biosynthesis where it participates in the absorption of dietary triacylglycerol. In this review, the enzymes that are part of both the glycerol 3-phosphate and monoacylglycerol acyltransferase pathways and their contributions to intestinal triacylglycerol metabolism are reviewed. The potential of some of the enzymes involved in triacylglycerol synthesis in the small intestine as possible therapeutic targets for treating metabolic disorders associated with elevated triacylglycerol is briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scot J Stone
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E5, Canada.
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Zhou YG, Yin RX, Huang F, Wu JZ, Chen WX, Cao XL. DGAT2-MOGAT2 SNPs and Gene-Environment Interactions on Serum Lipid Profiles and the Risk of Ischemic Stroke. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:685970. [PMID: 34901200 PMCID: PMC8654148 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.685970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The genetic susceptibility to ischemic stroke (IS) is still not well-understood. Recent genome-wide association studies (GWASes) found that several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the Diacylglycerol acyltransferase 2 gene (DGAT2) and monoacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 2 (MOGAT2) cluster were associated with serum lipid levels. However, the association between the DGAT2-MOGAT2 SNPs and serum lipid phenotypes has not yet been verified in the Chinese people. Therefore, the present study was to determine the DGAT2-MOGAT2 SNPs and gene-environment interactions on serum lipid profiles and the risk of IS. Methods: Genotyping of 5 SNPs (DGAT2 rs11236530, DGAT2 rs3060, MOGAT2 rs600626, MOGAT2 rs609379, and MOGAT2 rs10899104) in 544 IS patients and 561 healthy controls was performed by the next-generation sequencing technologies. The association between genotypes and serum lipid data was determined by analysis of covariance, and a corrected P-value was adopted after Bonferroni correction. Unconditional logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the association between genotypes and the risk of IS after adjustment of potential confounders. Results: The rs11236530A allele was associated with increased risk of IS (CA/AA vs. CC, OR = 1.45, 95%CI = 1.12-1.88, P = 0.0044), whereas the rs600626G-rs609379A-rs10899104G haplotype was associated with decreased risk of IS (adjusted OR = 0.67, 95% CI = 0.48-0.93, P = 0.018). The rs11236530A allele carriers had lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) concentrations than the rs11236530A allele non-carriers (P < 0.001). The interactions of rs11236530-smoking, rs3060-smoking and rs10899104-smoking influenced serum apolipoprotein B levels, whereas the interactions of rs11236530- and rs3060-alcohol affected serum HDL-C levels (P I < 0.004-0.001). The interaction of rs600626G-rs609379A-rs10899104G-alcohol (OR = 0.41, 95% CI = 0.22-0.76) and rs600626G-rs609379C-rs10899104T-alcohol (OR = 0.12, 95% CI = 0.04-0.36) decreased the risk of IS (P I < 0.0001). Conclusions: The rs11236530A allele was associated with decreased serum HDL-C levels in controls and increased risk of IS in patient group. The rs600626G-rs609379A-rs10899104G haplotype, the rs600626G-rs 609379A-rs10899104G-alcohol and rs600626G-rs609379C-rs10899104T-alcohol interactions were associated with decreased risk of IS. The rs11236530 SNP may be a genetic marker for IS in our study populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Gang Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Rui-Xing Yin
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Feng Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jin-Zhen Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Wu-Xian Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xiao-Li Cao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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Huang S, Wei J, Yu H, Hao X, Zuo J, Tan C, Deng J. Effects of Dietary Fiber Sources during Gestation on Stress Status, Abnormal Behaviors and Reproductive Performance of Sows. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:E141. [PMID: 31952304 PMCID: PMC7022560 DOI: 10.3390/ani10010141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Inclusion of fiber in gestation diets is a method for enhancing satiety and reducing abnormal behaviors in restricted feeding sows without providing excess energy. The purpose of this study was to use an in vitro-in vivo method to appraise the effects of two available unconventional dietary fiber resources during gestation on sows' physio-chemical properties of diets, postprandial satiety, performance, abnormal behaviors, stress status and lactation feed intake under three different dietary treatments: control diet (CON diet), 5% resistant starch diet (RS diet), and 5% fermented soybean fiber diet (FSF diet) with a total of 78 (average parity 5) Landrace × Yorkshire sows. Results showed that swelling capacity was higher in the RS diet than in the CON or FSF diet. Meanwhile, the 48 h cumulative gas production and the final asymptotic gas volume after in vitro fermentation of gestation diets showed an increased trend (p = 0.07, p = 0.09, respectively) in the RS diet versus the CON or FSF diets. While the sows' litter size, body weight, backfat or weaning-to-estrus interval were not affected (p > 0.05) by the three treatments during gestation, the RS group showed a decline in stillbirth number (p < 0.05) and stillbirth rate (p < 0.01) relative to the other two groups. Meanwhile, the proportion of standing was lower while the sow's serum concentrations of PYY (peptide YY) and GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1) were higher (p < 0.05) on day 70 of gestation in the RS group than in the CON or FSF group. Compared with the CON group, the RS group showed a downward tendency (p = 0.07) in the sows' plasma cortisol concentration on day 70 of gestation. A comparison of oxidative and antioxidative indicators revealed an increase in the sows' serum FRAP (ferric ion reducing antioxidant power) (p < 0.05) and a decrease of protein carbonyl (p < 0.05) on day 109 of gestation in the RS or FSF group versus the CON group. Overall, inclusion of 5% RS with greater swelling capacity in the gestation diet contributed to enhancing the postprandial satiety, alleviating the stress status, reducing the abnormal behaviors and thus lowering the stillbirth rate of sows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangbo Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, Institute of Subtropical Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China; (S.H.); (H.Y.); (X.H.); (J.Z.)
| | - Jianfu Wei
- Guangzhou DaBeiNong Agri-animal Huabandry Science and Technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China;
| | - Haoyuan Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, Institute of Subtropical Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China; (S.H.); (H.Y.); (X.H.); (J.Z.)
| | - Xiangyu Hao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, Institute of Subtropical Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China; (S.H.); (H.Y.); (X.H.); (J.Z.)
| | - Jianjun Zuo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, Institute of Subtropical Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China; (S.H.); (H.Y.); (X.H.); (J.Z.)
| | - Chengquan Tan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, Institute of Subtropical Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China; (S.H.); (H.Y.); (X.H.); (J.Z.)
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinping Deng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, Institute of Subtropical Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China; (S.H.); (H.Y.); (X.H.); (J.Z.)
- National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, Hunan, China
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