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Nofi CP, Prince JM, Wang P, Aziz M. Chromatin as alarmins in necrotizing enterocolitis. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1403018. [PMID: 38881893 PMCID: PMC11176418 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1403018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a severe gastrointestinal disease primarily affecting premature neonates, marked by poorly understood pro-inflammatory signaling cascades. Recent advancements have shed light on a subset of endogenous molecular patterns, termed chromatin-associated molecular patterns (CAMPs), which belong to the broader category of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). CAMPs play a crucial role in recognizing pattern recognition receptors and orchestrating inflammatory responses. This review focuses into the realm of CAMPs, highlighting key players such as extracellular cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (eCIRP), high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), cell-free DNA, neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), histones, and extracellular RNA. These intrinsic molecules, often perceived as foreign, have the potential to trigger immune signaling pathways, thus contributing to NEC pathogenesis. In this review, we unravel the current understanding of the involvement of CAMPs in both preclinical and clinical NEC scenarios. We also focus on elucidating the downstream signaling pathways activated by these molecular patterns, providing insights into the mechanisms that drive inflammation in NEC. Moreover, we scrutinize the landscape of targeted therapeutic approaches, aiming to mitigate the impact of tissue damage in NEC. This in-depth exploration offers a comprehensive overview of the role of CAMPs in NEC, bridging the gap between preclinical and clinical insights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colleen P. Nofi
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States
- Elmezzi Graduate School of Molecular Medicine, Manhasset, NY, United States
- Department of Surgery, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Jose M. Prince
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States
- Department of Surgery, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Ping Wang
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States
- Elmezzi Graduate School of Molecular Medicine, Manhasset, NY, United States
- Department of Surgery, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY, United States
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Monowar Aziz
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, United States
- Elmezzi Graduate School of Molecular Medicine, Manhasset, NY, United States
- Department of Surgery, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY, United States
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, NY, United States
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Wu Z, Tian Y, Wang C, Zhang J, Lin J. MiRNA-192-5p-targeted activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule improved inflammatory injury of neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis. Pediatr Surg Int 2024; 40:126. [PMID: 38717494 DOI: 10.1007/s00383-024-05713-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a common gastrointestinal emergency in neonates. MiRNA-192-5p was found associated with ulcerative colitis (UC) progression, also with aberrant expression in intestinal cancer tissue. However, the effects of miRNA-192-5p on NEC have not been reported. METHODS Based on the bioinformatics analysis of the GEO dataset, miR-192-5p was identified as the differentially expressed miRNA in NEC, and activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM) was predicted as its target. After that, in vitro, rat intestinal epithelial cell-6 (IEC-6) were stimulated with LPS to construct a cell model of NEC. IEC-6 cells were transfected with miRNA-192-5p mimics, miRNA-192-5p inhibitors, or miRNA-192-5p inhibitors + sh-ALCAM, and relevant negative control. In vivo, SD rats were treated with artificial feeding, hypoxic reoxygenation, cold stimulation, and LPS gavage to induce NEC, followed by injection of agomiR-NC or agomiRNA-192-5p. Then effects of miRNA-192-5p on NEC model IEC-6 cell viability, apoptosis, ALCAM expression, Interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 levels, intestinal injury, intestinal permeability were detected. RESULTS MiRNA-192-5p expression was downregulated in NEC IEC-6 cells, whose overexpression increased IEC-6 cell viability. MiRNA-192-5p inhibitors increased IL-1β, IL-6 levels and promoted IEC-6 cell apoptosis. MiRNA-192-5p targeting of ALCAM decreased ALCAM expression, IL-1β, and IL-6 levels. AgomiRNA-192-5p decreased ALCAM, IL-1β, and IL-6 levels in intestinal tissue and pathological damage and increased miRNA-192-5p levels. CONCLUSION MiR-192-5p protects against intestinal injury by inhibiting ALCAM-mediated inflammation and intestinal epithelial cells, which would provide a new idea for NEC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenfei Wu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hangzhou Children's Hospital, Hangzhou, 310005, Zhejiang, China
| | - You Tian
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hangzhou Children's Hospital, Hangzhou, 310005, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hangzhou Children's Hospital, Hangzhou, 310005, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hangzhou Children's Hospital, Hangzhou, 310005, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jinhan Lin
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 109, West Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, 325027, Zhejiang, China.
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Kasho AKA, Nahand JS, Salmaninejad A, Mirzaei H, Moghoofei M, Bazmani A, Aghbash PS, Rasizadeh R, Farsad-Akhtar N, Baghi HB. PBMC MicroRNAs: Promising Biomarkers for the Differential Diagnosis of COVID-19 Patients with Abnormal Coagulation Indices. Curr Microbiol 2023; 80:248. [PMID: 37341794 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-023-03365-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs, or miRNAs, may involve in coagulation and inflammation pathways caused by severe Coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Accordingly, this attempt was made to explore the behavior of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) miRNAs as effective biomarkers to diagnose COVID-19 patients with normal and abnormal coagulation indices. We selected the targeted miRNAs (miR-19a-3p, miR-223-3p, miR-143-5p, miR-494-3p and miR-301a-5p) according to previous reports, whose PBMC levels were then determined by real-time PCR. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was obtained to clarify the diagnostic potency of studied miRNAs. The differentially expressed miRNA profiles and corresponding biological activities were predicted in accordance with bioinformatics data. Targeted miRNAs' expression profiles displayed a significant difference between COVID-19 subjects with normal and abnormal coagulation indices. Moreover, the average miR-223-3p level expressed in COVID-19 cases with normal coagulation indices was significantly lower than that in healthy controls. Based on data from ROC analysis, miR-223-3p and miR-494-3p are promising biomarkers to distinguish the COVID-19 cases with normal or abnormal coagulation indices. Bioinformatics data highlighted the prominent role of selected miRNAs in the inflammation and TGF-beta signaling pathway. The differences existed in the expression profiles of selected miRNAs between the groups introduced miR-494-3p and miR-223-3p as potent biomarkers to prognosis the incidence of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ammar Khalo Abass Kasho
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166/15731, Iran
- Iraqi Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research, Tal Afar University, Tal Afar, Iraq
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Javid Sadri Nahand
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166/15731, Iran
| | - Arash Salmaninejad
- Regenerative Medicine, Organ Procurement and Transplantation Multi-Disciplinary Center, Razi Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mohsen Moghoofei
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Ahad Bazmani
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166/15731, Iran
| | - Parisa Shiri Aghbash
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reyhaneh Rasizadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nader Farsad-Akhtar
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Hossein Bannazadeh Baghi
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166/15731, Iran.
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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miR-181d-5p Protects against Retinal Ganglion Cell Death after Blunt Ocular Injury by Regulating NFIA-Medicated Astrocyte Development. Mediators Inflamm 2022; 2022:5400592. [PMID: 36254157 PMCID: PMC9569213 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5400592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Traumatic optic neuropathy (TON) refers to damage to the optic nerve resulting from direct and indirect trauma to the head and face. One of the important pathological processes in TON is the death of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), but the cause of RGCs death remains unclear. We aimed to explore the mechanisms of RGCs death in an experimental TON model. Methods Optic nerve crush injury was induced in ten New Zealand white rabbits. On the 1st, 3rd, 7th, 14th, and 28th days after the operation, the retinal tissues of the rabbits were observed pathologically by hematoxylin-eosin staining. The expression of POU-homeodomain transcription factor Brn3a and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) was measured by immunofluorescence to evaluate the number of RGCs and astrocytes, respectively. miRNA expression and protein levels were assessed by RT-qPCR and western blot methods, respectively. Finally, the malondialdehyde content, superoxide dismutase activity, and proinflammatory factor levels were measured by ELISA. Western blot and dual-luciferase reporter assays were used to elucidate the relationship between miR-181d-5p and nuclear factor I-A (NFIA). Results Blunt ocular trauma increased oxidative stress and apoptosis and reduced ganglion cell layer (GCL) density. The expression of miR-181d-5p was decreased in retinal tissues, and its overexpression relieved RGCs death, astrocyte development, oxidative stress, and inflammation of the retina, which were reversed by NFIA overexpression. Conclusion miR-181d-5p can protect against the deterioration of TON by inhibiting RGCs death, astrocyte development, oxidative stress, and inflammation by targeting NFIA. This study provides new insight into early medical intervention in patients with TON.
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Wu S, Di S, Liu T, Shi Y. Emerging prediction methods for early diagnosis of necrotizing enterocolitis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:985219. [PMID: 36186788 PMCID: PMC9523100 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.985219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a life-threatening disease of the digestive system that occurs in the neonatal period. NEC is difficult to diagnose early and the prognosis is poor. Previous studies have reported that abnormalities can be detected before the presentation of clinical symptoms. Based on an analysis of literature related to the early prediction of NEC, we provide a detailed review on the early prediction and diagnosis methods of NEC, including ultrasound, near-infrared spectroscopy, biomarkers, and intestinal microbiota. This review aimed to provide a reference for further research and clinical practice.
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Cai L, Lai D, Gao J, Wu H, Shi B, Ji H, Tou J. The role and mechanisms of miRNA in neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:1053965. [PMID: 36518784 PMCID: PMC9742607 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.1053965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), the most significant causes of neonatal mortality, is a disease of acute intestinal inflammation. At present, it is not clear exactly how the disease is caused, but it has been suggested that this disorder is a result of a complex interaction among prematurity, enteral feeding and inappropriate pro-inflammation response and bacterial infection of the intestine. A microRNA (miRNA) is a class of endogenous non-coding single-stranded RNA that is about 23 nucleotides long engaging in the regulation of the gene expression. Recently, numerous studies have determined that abnormal miRNA expression plays important roles in various diseases, including NEC. Here, we summarized the role of miRNAs in NEC. We introduce the biosynthetic and function of miRNAs and then describe the possible mechanisms of miRNAs in the initiation and development of NEC, including their influence on the intestinal epithelial barrier's function and regulation of the inflammatory process. Finally, this review aids in a comprehensive understanding of the current miRNA to accurately predict the diagnosis of NEC and provide ideas to find potential therapeutic targets of miRNA for NEC. In conclusion, our aims are to highlight the close relationship between miRNAs and NEC and to summarize the practical value of developing diagnostic biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets of NEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linghao Cai
- Department of Neonatal Surgery, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dengming Lai
- Department of Neonatal Surgery, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiafang Gao
- Department of Neonatal Surgery, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Neonatal Surgery, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bo Shi
- Department of Neonatal Surgery, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haosen Ji
- Department of Neonatal Surgery, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinfa Tou
- Department of Neonatal Surgery, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
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