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Lewis CTA, Melhedegaard EG, Ognjanovic MM, Olsen MS, Laitila J, Seaborne RAE, Gronset M, Zhang C, Iwamoto H, Hessel AL, Kuehn MN, Merino C, Amigo N, Frobert O, Giroud S, Staples JF, Goropashnaya AV, Fedorov VB, Barnes B, Toien O, Drew K, Sprenger RJ, Ochala J. Remodeling of skeletal muscle myosin metabolic states in hibernating mammals. eLife 2024; 13:RP94616. [PMID: 38752835 PMCID: PMC11098559 DOI: 10.7554/elife.94616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Hibernation is a period of metabolic suppression utilized by many small and large mammal species to survive during winter periods. As the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms remain incompletely understood, our study aimed to determine whether skeletal muscle myosin and its metabolic efficiency undergo alterations during hibernation to optimize energy utilization. We isolated muscle fibers from small hibernators, Ictidomys tridecemlineatus and Eliomys quercinus and larger hibernators, Ursus arctos and Ursus americanus. We then conducted loaded Mant-ATP chase experiments alongside X-ray diffraction to measure resting myosin dynamics and its ATP demand. In parallel, we performed multiple proteomics analyses. Our results showed a preservation of myosin structure in U. arctos and U. americanus during hibernation, whilst in I. tridecemlineatus and E. quercinus, changes in myosin metabolic states during torpor unexpectedly led to higher levels in energy expenditure of type II, fast-twitch muscle fibers at ambient lab temperatures (20 °C). Upon repeating loaded Mant-ATP chase experiments at 8 °C (near the body temperature of torpid animals), we found that myosin ATP consumption in type II muscle fibers was reduced by 77-107% during torpor compared to active periods. Additionally, we observed Myh2 hyper-phosphorylation during torpor in I. tridecemilineatus, which was predicted to stabilize the myosin molecule. This may act as a potential molecular mechanism mitigating myosin-associated increases in skeletal muscle energy expenditure during periods of torpor in response to cold exposure. Altogether, we demonstrate that resting myosin is altered in hibernating mammals, contributing to significant changes to the ATP consumption of skeletal muscle. Additionally, we observe that it is further altered in response to cold exposure and highlight myosin as a potentially contributor to skeletal muscle non-shivering thermogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marija M Ognjanovic
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Mathilde S Olsen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Jenni Laitila
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Robert AE Seaborne
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
- Centre for Human and Applied Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King’s College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Magnus Gronset
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Changxin Zhang
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of MichiganAnn ArborUnited States
| | - Hiroyuki Iwamoto
- Spring-8, Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research InstituteHyogoJapan
| | - Anthony L Hessel
- Institute of Physiology II, University of MuensterMuensterGermany
- Accelerated Muscle Biotechnologies ConsultantsBostonUnited States
| | - Michel N Kuehn
- Institute of Physiology II, University of MuensterMuensterGermany
- Accelerated Muscle Biotechnologies ConsultantsBostonUnited States
| | | | | | - Ole Frobert
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health, Aarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark
- Faculty of Health, Department of Cardiology, Örebro UniversityÖrebroSweden
| | - Sylvain Giroud
- Energetics Lab, Department of Biology, Northern Michigan UniversityMarquetteUnited States
- Research Institute of Wildlife Ecology, Department of Interdisciplinary Life Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine ViennaViennaAustria
| | - James F Staples
- Department of Biology, University of Western OntarioLondonCanada
| | - Anna V Goropashnaya
- Center for Transformative Research in Metabolism, Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska FairbanksFairbanksUnited States
| | - Vadim B Fedorov
- Center for Transformative Research in Metabolism, Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska FairbanksFairbanksUnited States
| | - Brian Barnes
- Center for Transformative Research in Metabolism, Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska FairbanksFairbanksUnited States
| | - Oivind Toien
- Center for Transformative Research in Metabolism, Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska FairbanksFairbanksUnited States
| | - Kelly Drew
- Center for Transformative Research in Metabolism, Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska FairbanksFairbanksUnited States
| | - Ryan J Sprenger
- Department of Zoology, University of British ColumbiaVancouverCanada
| | - Julien Ochala
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
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Sone M, Yamaguchi Y. Cold resistance of mammalian hibernators ∼ a matter of ferroptosis? Front Physiol 2024; 15:1377986. [PMID: 38725569 PMCID: PMC11079186 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1377986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Most mammals adapt thermal physiology around 37°C and large deviations from their range, as observed in severe hypothermia and hyperthermia, resulting in organ dysfunction and individual death. A prominent exception is mammalian hibernation. Mammalian hibernators resist the long-term duration of severe low body temperature that is lethal to non-hibernators, including humans and mice. This cold resistance is supported, at least in part, by intrinsic cellular properties, since primary or immortalized cells from several hibernator species can survive longer than those from non-hibernators when cultured at cold temperatures. Recent studies have suggested that cold-induced cell death fulfills the hallmarks of ferroptosis, a type of necrotic cell death that accompanies extensive lipid peroxidation by iron-ion-mediated reactions. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of cold resistance of mammalian hibernators at the cellular and molecular levels to organ and systemic levels and discuss key pathways that confer cold resistance in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masamitsu Sone
- Hibernation Metabolism, Physiology and Development Group, Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Yamaguchi
- Hibernation Metabolism, Physiology and Development Group, Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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Lewis CTA, Melhedegaard EG, Ognjanovic MM, Olsen MS, Laitila J, Seaborne RAE, Gronset MN, Zhang C, Iwamoto H, Hessel AL, Kuehn MN, Merino C, Amigo N, Frobert O, Giroud S, Staples JF, Goropashnaya AV, Fedorov VB, Barnes BM, Toien O, Drew KL, Sprenger RJ, Ochala J. Remodelling of Skeletal Muscle Myosin Metabolic States in Hibernating Mammals. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.11.14.566992. [PMID: 38014200 PMCID: PMC10680686 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.14.566992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Hibernation is a period of metabolic suppression utilized by many small and large mammal species to survive during winter periods. As the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms remain incompletely understood, our study aimed to determine whether skeletal muscle myosin and its metabolic efficiency undergo alterations during hibernation to optimize energy utilization. We isolated muscle fibers from small hibernators, Ictidomys tridecemlineatus and Eliomys quercinus and larger hibernators, Ursus arctos and Ursus americanus. We then conducted loaded Mant-ATP chase experiments alongside X-ray diffraction to measure resting myosin dynamics and its ATP demand. In parallel, we performed multiple proteomics analyses. Our results showed a preservation of myosin structure in U. arctos and U. americanus during hibernation, whilst in I. tridecemlineatus and E. quercinus, changes in myosin metabolic states during torpor unexpectedly led to higher levels in energy expenditure of type II, fast-twitch muscle fibers at ambient lab temperatures (20°C). Upon repeating loaded Mant-ATP chase experiments at 8°C (near the body temperature of torpid animals), we found that myosin ATP consumption in type II muscle fibers was reduced by 77-107% during torpor compared to active periods. Additionally, we observed Myh2 hyper-phosphorylation during torpor in I. tridecemilineatus, which was predicted to stabilize the myosin molecule. This may act as a potential molecular mechanism mitigating myosin-associated increases in skeletal muscle energy expenditure during periods of torpor in response to cold exposure. Altogether, we demonstrate that resting myosin is altered in hibernating mammals, contributing to significant changes to the ATP consumption of skeletal muscle. Additionally, we observe that it is further altered in response to cold exposure and highlight myosin as a potentially contributor to skeletal muscle non-shivering thermogenesis.
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Haugg E, Borner J, Stalder G, Kübber‐Heiss A, Giroud S, Herwig A. Comparative transcriptomics of the garden dormouse hypothalamus during hibernation. FEBS Open Bio 2024; 14:241-257. [PMID: 37925593 PMCID: PMC10839406 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Torpor or heterothermy is an energy-saving mechanism used by endotherms to overcome harsh environmental conditions. During winter, the garden dormouse (Eliomys quercinus) hibernates with multiday torpor bouts and body temperatures of a few degrees Celsius, interrupted by brief euthermic phases. This study investigates gene expression within the hypothalamus, the key brain area controlling energy balance, adding information on differential gene expression potentially relevant to orchestrate torpor. A de novo assembled transcriptome of the hypothalamus was generated from garden dormice hibernating under constant darkness without food and water at 5 °C. Samples were collected during early torpor, late torpor, and interbout arousal. During early torpor, 765 genes were differentially expressed as compared with interbout arousal. Twenty-seven pathways were over-represented, including pathways related to hemostasis, extracellular matrix organization, and signaling of small molecules. Only 82 genes were found to be differentially expressed between early and late torpor, and no pathways were over-represented. During late torpor, 924 genes were differentially expressed relative to interbout arousal. Despite the high number of differentially expressed genes, only 10 pathways were over-represented. Of these, eight were also observed to be over-represented when comparing early torpor and interbout arousal. Our results are largely consistent with previous findings in other heterotherms. The addition of a transcriptome of a novel species may help to identify species-specific and overarching torpor mechanisms through future species comparisons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Haugg
- Institute of NeurobiologyUlm UniversityGermany
| | - Janus Borner
- Sackler Institute for Comparative GenomicsAmerican Museum of Natural HistoryNew YorkNYUSA
| | - Gabrielle Stalder
- Department of Interdisciplinary Life Sciences, Research Institute of Wildlife EcologyUniversity of Veterinary MedicineViennaAustria
| | - Anna Kübber‐Heiss
- Department of Interdisciplinary Life Sciences, Research Institute of Wildlife EcologyUniversity of Veterinary MedicineViennaAustria
| | - Sylvain Giroud
- Department of Interdisciplinary Life Sciences, Research Institute of Wildlife EcologyUniversity of Veterinary MedicineViennaAustria
- Energetics Lab, Department of BiologyNorthern Michigan UniversityMarquetteMIUSA
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