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Zakharova I, Saaya S, Shevchenko A, Stupnikova A, Zhiven' M, Laktionov P, Stepanova A, Romashchenko A, Yanshole L, Chernonosov A, Volkov A, Kizilova E, Zavjalov E, Chernyavsky A, Romanov A, Karpenko A, Zakian S. Mitomycin-Treated Endothelial and Smooth Muscle Cells Suitable for Safe Tissue Engineering Approaches. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:772981. [PMID: 35360387 PMCID: PMC8963790 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.772981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In our previous study, we showed that discarded cardiac tissue from the right atrial appendage and right ventricular myocardium is an available source of functional endothelial and smooth muscle cells for regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. In the study, we aimed to find out what benefits are given by vascular cells from cardiac explants used for seeding on vascular patches engrafted to repair vascular defects in vivo. Additionally, to make the application of these cells safer in regenerative medicine we tested an in vitro approach that arrested mitotic division to avoid the potential tumorigenic effect of dividing cells. A tissue-engineered construction in the form of a patch based on a polycaprolactone-gelatin scaffold and seeded with endothelial and smooth muscle cells was implanted into the abdominal aorta of immunodeficient SCID mice. Aortic patency was assessed using ultrasound, MRI, immunohistochemical and histological staining. Endothelial and smooth muscle cells were treated with mitomycin C at a therapeutic concentration of 10 μg/ml for 2 h with subsequent analysis of cell proliferation and function. The absence of the tumorigenic effect of mitomycin C-treated cells, as well as their angiogenic potential, was examined by injecting them into immunodeficient mice. Cell-containing patches engrafted in the abdominal aorta of immunodeficient mice form the vessel wall loaded with the appropriate cells and extracellular matrix, and do not interfere with normal patency. Endothelial and smooth muscle cells treated with mitomycin C show no tumorigenic effect in the SCID immunodeficient mouse model. During in vitro experiments, we have shown that treatment with mitomycin C does not lead to a decrease in cell viability. Despite the absence of proliferation, mitomycin C-treated vascular cells retain specific cell markers, produce specific extracellular matrix, and demonstrate the ability to stimulate angiogenesis in vivo. We pioneered an approach to arresting cell division with mitomycin C in endothelial and smooth muscle cells from cardiac explant, which prevents the risk of malignancy from dividing cells in vascular surgery. We believe that this approach to the fabrication of tissue-engineered constructs based on mitotically inactivated cells from waste postoperative material may be valuable to bring closer the development of safe cell products for regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Zakharova
- The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
- E.N. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, The Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
- *Correspondence: Irina Zakharova,
| | - Shoraan Saaya
- E.N. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Alexander Shevchenko
- The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
- E.N. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, The Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Alena Stupnikova
- The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Deparment of Natural Science, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Maria Zhiven'
- The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Pavel Laktionov
- E.N. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, The Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Alena Stepanova
- E.N. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, The Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Alexander Romashchenko
- The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Lyudmila Yanshole
- International Tomography Center,The Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Alexander Chernonosov
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, The Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Alexander Volkov
- E.N. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Elena Kizilova
- The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Deparment of Natural Science, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Evgenii Zavjalov
- The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Alexander Chernyavsky
- E.N. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Alexander Romanov
- E.N. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Andrey Karpenko
- E.N. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Suren Zakian
- The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, The Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
- E.N. Meshalkin National Medical Research Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, The Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
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Abou-Saleh H, Zouein FA, El-Yazbi A, Sanoudou D, Raynaud C, Rao C, Pintus G, Dehaini H, Eid AH. The march of pluripotent stem cells in cardiovascular regenerative medicine. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:201. [PMID: 30053890 PMCID: PMC6062943 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-0947-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) continues to be the leading cause of global morbidity and mortality. Heart failure remains a major contributor to this mortality. Despite major therapeutic advances over the past decades, a better understanding of molecular and cellular mechanisms of CVD as well as improved therapeutic strategies for the management or treatment of heart failure are increasingly needed. Loss of myocardium is a major driver of heart failure. An attractive approach that appears to provide promising results in reducing cardiac degeneration is stem cell therapy (SCT). In this review, we describe different types of stem cells, including embryonic and adult stem cells, and we provide a detailed discussion of the properties of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). We also present and critically discuss the key methods used for converting somatic cells to pluripotent cells and iPSCs to cardiomyocytes (CMs), along with their advantages and limitations. Integrating and non-integrating reprogramming methods as well as characterization of iPSCs and iPSC-derived CMs are discussed. Furthermore, we critically present various methods of differentiating iPSCs to CMs. The value of iPSC-CMs in regenerative medicine as well as myocardial disease modeling and cardiac regeneration are emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haissam Abou-Saleh
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Fouad A. Zouein
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ahmed El-Yazbi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Despina Sanoudou
- Clinical Genomics and Pharmacogenomics Unit, 4th Department of Internal Medicine, “Attikon” Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Christopher Rao
- Department of Surgery, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woolwich, London, UK
| | - Gianfranco Pintus
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hassan Dehaini
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ali H. Eid
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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Enhanced Reprogramming Efficiency and Kinetics of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Derived from Human Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. PLOS CURRENTS 2015; 7. [PMID: 26579330 PMCID: PMC4638229 DOI: 10.1371/currents.md.a77c2f0516a8cb4809ffad5963342905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
The generation of disease-specific induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) holds a great promise for understanding disease mechanisms and for drug screening. Recently, patient-derived iPSCs, containing identical genetic anomalies of the patient, have offered a breakthrough approach to studying Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), a fatal disease caused by the mutation in the dystrophin gene. However, development of scalable and high fidelity DMD-iPSCs is hampered by low reprogramming efficiency, the addition of expensive growth factors and slow kinetics of disease-specific fibroblasts. Here, we show an efficient generation of DMD-iPSCs on bFGF secreting human foreskin fibroblast feeders (I-HFF) by employing single polycistronic lentiviral vector for delivering of transcription factors to DMD patient-specific fibroblast cells. Using this method, DMD-iPSCs generated on I-HFF feeders displayed pluripotent characteristics and disease genotype with improved reprogramming efficiency and kinetics over to mouse feeders. Moreover, we were able to maintain disease-specific iPSCs without additional supplementation of bFGF on I-HFF feeders. Our findings offer improvements in the generation of DMD-iPSCs and will facilitate in understanding of pathological mechanisms and screening of safer drugs for clinical intervention. Key Words: Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, Reprogramming, Induced pluripotent Stem Cells, Immortalized Human Feeder, Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor, Stem Cell Cassette
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Asikainen S, Heikkinen L, Juhila J, Holm F, Weltner J, Trokovic R, Mikkola M, Toivonen S, Balboa D, Lampela R, Icay K, Tuuri T, Otonkoski T, Wong G, Hovatta O. Selective microRNA-Offset RNA expression in human embryonic stem cells. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0116668. [PMID: 25822230 PMCID: PMC4378994 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0116668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Small RNA molecules, including microRNAs (miRNAs), play critical roles in regulating pluripotency, proliferation and differentiation of embryonic stem cells. miRNA-offset RNAs (moRNAs) are similar in length to miRNAs, align to miRNA precursor (pre-miRNA) loci and are therefore believed to derive from processing of the pre-miRNA hairpin sequence. Recent next generation sequencing (NGS) studies have reported the presence of moRNAs in human neurons and cancer cells and in several tissues in mouse, including pluripotent stem cells. In order to gain additional knowledge about human moRNAs and their putative development-related expression, we applied NGS of small RNAs in human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and fibroblasts. We found that certain moRNA isoforms are notably expressed in hESCs from loci coding for stem cell-selective or cancer-related miRNA clusters. In contrast, we observed only sparse moRNAs in fibroblasts. Consistent with earlier findings, most of the observed moRNAs derived from conserved loci and their expression did not appear to correlate with the expression of the adjacent miRNAs. We provide here the first report of moRNAs in hESCs, and their expression profile in comparison to fibroblasts. Moreover, we expand the repertoire of hESC miRNAs. These findings provide an expansion on the known repertoire of small non-coding RNA contents in hESCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suvi Asikainen
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden
- Research Programs Unit, Molecular Neurology and Biomedicum Stem Cell Centre, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
- * E-mail:
| | - Liisa Heikkinen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute, University of Eastern Finland, 70211, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyvaskyla, 40014, Jyvaskyla, Finland
| | - Juuso Juhila
- Research Programs Unit, Molecular Neurology and Biomedicum Stem Cell Centre, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Frida Holm
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jere Weltner
- Research Programs Unit, Molecular Neurology and Biomedicum Stem Cell Centre, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ras Trokovic
- Research Programs Unit, Molecular Neurology and Biomedicum Stem Cell Centre, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Milla Mikkola
- Research Programs Unit, Molecular Neurology and Biomedicum Stem Cell Centre, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sanna Toivonen
- Research Programs Unit, Molecular Neurology and Biomedicum Stem Cell Centre, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Diego Balboa
- Research Programs Unit, Molecular Neurology and Biomedicum Stem Cell Centre, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Riina Lampela
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Katherine Icay
- Research Programs Unit, Molecular Neurology and Biomedicum Stem Cell Centre, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Timo Tuuri
- Research Programs Unit, Molecular Neurology and Biomedicum Stem Cell Centre, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Timo Otonkoski
- Research Programs Unit, Molecular Neurology and Biomedicum Stem Cell Centre, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
- Children’s Hospital, Helsinki University Central Hospital, 00029, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Garry Wong
- A.I. Virtanen Institute, University of Eastern Finland, 70211, Kuopio, Finland
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau S.A.R., China
| | - Outi Hovatta
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden
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Laminin- and basement membrane-polycaprolactone blend nanofibers as a scaffold for regenerative medicine. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 2:1-12. [PMID: 27570767 PMCID: PMC4999083 DOI: 10.2478/nanome-2014-0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Mimicking one or more components of the basement membrane (BM) holds great promise for overcoming insufficiencies in tissue engineering therapies. We have electrospun laminin nanofibers (NFs) isolated from the murine Engelbreth-Holm Swarm (EHS) tumor and evaluated them as a scaffold for embryonic stem cell culture. Seeded human embryonic stem cells were found to better maintain their undifferentiated, colony environment when cultured on laminin NFs compared to laminin mats, with 75% remaining undifferentiated on NFs. Mouse embryonic stem cells cultured on 10% laminin-polycaprolactone (PCL) NFs maintained their colony formation for twice as long without passage compared to those on PCL or gelatin substrates. In addition, we have established a protocol for electrospinning reconstituted basement membrane aligned (RBM)-PCL NFs within 10° of angular deviation. Neuron-like PC12 cells show significantly greater attachment (p < 0.001) and percentage of neurite-extending cells in vitro on 10% RBM-PCL NFs when compared to 1% and 0% RBM-PCL NFs (p < 0.015 and p < 0.001, respectively). Together, these results implicate laminin- and RBM-PCL scaffolds as a promising biomimetic substrate for regenerative medicine applications.
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Raynaud CM, Ahmad FS, Allouba M, Abou-Saleh H, Lui KO, Yacoub M. Reprogramming for cardiac regeneration. Glob Cardiol Sci Pract 2014; 2014:309-29. [PMID: 25763379 PMCID: PMC4352683 DOI: 10.5339/gcsp.2014.44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2014] [Accepted: 08/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Treatment of cardiovascular diseases remains challenging considering the limited regeneration capacity of the heart muscle. Developments of reprogramming strategies to create in vitro and in vivo cardiomyocytes have been the focus point of a considerable amount of research in the past decades. The choice of cells to employ, the state-of-the-art methods for different reprogramming strategies, and their promises and future challenges before clinical entry, are all discussed here.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mona Allouba
- Aswan Heart Center, Magdi Yacoub Foundation, Aswan, Egypt
| | - Haissam Abou-Saleh
- Qatar Cardiovascular Research Center, Qatar Foundation-Education City, Doha, Qatar
| | - Kathy O Lui
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, USA
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hESC expansion and stemness are independent of connexin forty-three-mediated intercellular communication between hESCs and hASC feeder cells. PLoS One 2013; 8:e69175. [PMID: 23922689 PMCID: PMC3724839 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0069175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2012] [Accepted: 06/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are a promising and powerful source of cells for applications in regenerative medicine, tissue engineering, cell-based therapies, and drug discovery. Many researchers have employed conventional culture techniques using feeder cells to expand hESCs in significant numbers, although feeder-free culture techniques have recently been developed. In regard to stem cell expansion, gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC) is thought to play an important role in hESC survival and differentiation. Indeed, it has been reported that hESC-hESC communication through connexin 43 (Cx43, one of the major gap junctional proteins) is crucial for the maintenance of hESC stemness during expansion. However, the role of GJIC between hESCs and feeder cells is unclear and has not yet been reported. Methodology/Principal Findings This study therefore examined whether a direct Cx43-mediated interaction between hESCs and human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs) influences the maintenance of hESC stemness. Over 10 passages, hESCs cultured on a layer of Cx43-downregulated hASC feeder cells showed normal morphology, proliferation (colony growth), and stemness, as assessed by alkaline phosphatase (AP), OCT4 (POU5F1-Human gene Nomenclature Database), SOX2, and NANOG expression. Conclusions/Significance These results demonstrate that Cx43-mediated GJIC between hESCs and hASC feeder cells is not an important factor for the conservation of hESC stemness and expansion.
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Autogenic feeder free system from differentiated mesenchymal progenitor cells, maintains pluripotency of the MEL-1 human embryonic stem cells. Differentiation 2013; 85:110-8. [PMID: 23722082 DOI: 10.1016/j.diff.2013.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2012] [Revised: 12/21/2012] [Accepted: 01/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Human embryonic stem cells (hESc) are known for its pluripotency and self renewal capability, thus possess great potential in regenerative medicine. However, the lack of suitable xenofree extracellular matrix substrate inhibits further applications or the use of hESc in cell-based therapy. In this study, we described a new differentiation method, which generates a homogeneous population of mesenchymal progenitor cells (hESc-MPC) from hESc via epithelial-mesenchymal transition. The extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins from hESc-MPC had in turn supported the undifferentiated expansion of hESc. Immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry characterization of hESc-MPC revealed the presence of early mesenchymal markers. Tandem mass spectometry analysis of ECM produced by hESc-MPC revealed the presence of a mixture of extracellular proteins which includes tenascin C, fibronectin, and vitronectin. The pluripotency of hESc (MEL-1) cultured on the ECM was maintained as shown by the expression of pluripotent genes (FoxD3, Oct-4, Tdgf1, Sox-2, Nanog, hTERT, Rex1), protein markers (SSEA-3, SSEA-4, TRA-1-81, TRA-1-60, Oct-4) and the ability to differentiate into cells representative of ectoderm, endoderm and mesoderm. In summary, we have established a xeno-free autogenic feeder free system to support undifferentiated expansion of hESc, which could be of clinical relevance.
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Krylova TA, Koltsova AM, Zenin VV, Musorina AS, Yakovleva TK, Poljanskaya GG. Comparative characteristics of new lines of mesenchymal stem cells derived from human embryonic stem cells, bone marrow, and foreskin. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1134/s1990519x12020071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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10
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Abstract
Stem cell culture systems that rely on undefined animal-derived components introduce variability to the cultures and complicate their therapeutic use. The derivation of human embryonic stem cells and the development of methods to produce induced pluripotent stem cells combined with their potential to treat human diseases have accelerated the drive to develop xenogenic-free, chemically defined culture systems that support pluripotent self-renewal and directed differentiation. In this chapter, we describe four xeno-free culture systems that have been successful in supporting undifferentiated growth of hPSCs as well as methods for xeno-free subculture and cryopreservation of hPSCs. Each culture system consists of a xeno-free growth medium and xeno-free substratum: (1) TeSR2™ with human recombinant laminin (LN-511); (2) NutriStem™ with LN-511; (3) RegES™ with human foreskin fibroblasts (hFFs); (4) KO-SR Xeno-Free™/GF cocktail with CELLstart™ matrix.
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Hongisto H, Vuoristo S, Mikhailova A, Suuronen R, Virtanen I, Otonkoski T, Skottman H. Laminin-511 expression is associated with the functionality of feeder cells in human embryonic stem cell culture. Stem Cell Res 2011; 8:97-108. [PMID: 22099024 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2011.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2011] [Revised: 08/19/2011] [Accepted: 08/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast feeder cells play an important role in supporting the derivation and long term culture of undifferentiated, pluripotent human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). The feeder cells secrete various growth factors and extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins into extracellular milieu. However, the roles of the feeder cell-secreted factors are largely unclear. Animal feeder cells and use of animal serum also make current feeder cell culture conditions unsuitable for derivation of clinical grade hESCs. We established xeno-free feeder cell lines using human serum (HS) and studied their function in hESC culture. While human foreskin fibroblast (hFF) feeder cells were clearly hESC supportive, none of the established xeno-free human dermal fibroblast (hDF) feeder cells were able to maintain undifferentiated hESC growth. The two fibroblast types were compared for their ECM protein synthesis, integrin receptor expression profiles and key growth factor secretion. We show that hESC supportive feeder cells produce laminin-511 and express laminin-binding integrins α3ß1, α6ß1 and α7ß1. These results indicate specific laminin isoforms and integrins in maintenance of hESC pluripotency in feeder-dependent cultures. In addition, several genes with a known or possible role for hESC pluripotency were differentially expressed in distinct feeder cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Hongisto
- Regea - Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland.
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12
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Durnaoglu S, Genc S, Genc K. Patient-specific pluripotent stem cells in neurological diseases. Stem Cells Int 2011; 2011:212487. [PMID: 21776279 PMCID: PMC3138107 DOI: 10.4061/2011/212487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2010] [Revised: 03/28/2011] [Accepted: 05/09/2011] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Many human neurological diseases are not currently curable and result in devastating neurologic sequelae. The increasing availability of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived from adult human somatic cells provides new prospects for cellreplacement strategies and disease-related basic research in a broad spectrum of human neurologic diseases. Patient-specific iPSC-based modeling of neurogenetic and neurodegenerative diseases is an emerging efficient tool for in vitro modeling to understand disease and to screen for genes and drugs that modify the disease process. With the exponential increase in iPSC research in recent years, human iPSCs have been successfully derived with different technologies and from various cell types. Although there remain a great deal to learn about patient-specific iPSC safety, the reprogramming mechanisms, better ways to direct a specific reprogramming, ideal cell source for cellular grafts, and the mechanisms by which transplanted stem cells lead to an enhanced functional recovery and structural reorganization, the discovery of the therapeutic potential of iPSCs offers new opportunities for the treatment of incurable neurologic diseases. However, iPSC-based therapeutic strategies need to be thoroughly evaluated in preclinical animal models of neurological diseases before they can be applied in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serpen Durnaoglu
- Department of Neuroscience, Health Science Institute, Dokuz Eylül University, Inciralti, 35340 Izmir, Turkey
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13
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Infectious problems associated with transplantation of cells differentiated from pluripotent stem cells. Semin Immunopathol 2011; 33:627-30. [DOI: 10.1007/s00281-011-0268-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2010] [Accepted: 03/28/2011] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Anisimov SV, Christophersen NS, Correia AS, Hall VJ, Sandelin I, Li JY, Brundin P. Identification of molecules derived from human fibroblast feeder cells that support the proliferation of human embryonic stem cells. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2011; 16:79-88. [PMID: 21161417 PMCID: PMC6275915 DOI: 10.2478/s11658-010-0039-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2010] [Accepted: 11/29/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The majority of human embryonic stem cell lines depend on a feeder cell layer for continuous growth in vitro, so that they can remain in an undifferentiated state. Limited knowledge is available concerning the molecular mechanisms that underlie the capacity of feeder cells to support both the proliferation and pluripotency of these cells. Importantly, feeder cells generally lose their capacity to support human embryonic stem cell proliferation in vitro following long-term culture. In this study, we performed large-scale gene expression profiles of human foreskin fibroblasts during early, intermediate and late passages using a custom DNA microarray platform (NeuroStem 2.0 Chip). The microarray data was validated using RT-PCR and virtual SAGE analysis. Our comparative gene expression study identified a limited number of molecular targets potentially involved in the ability of human neonatal foreskin fibroblasts to serve as feeder cells for human embryonic stem cell cultures. Among these, the C-KIT, leptin and pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) genes were the most interesting candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey V. Anisimov
- Neuronal Survival Unit, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, BMC A10, Sölvegatan 17, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
- Research Department of Cell and Gene Engineering, V. A. Almazov Federal Center for Heart, Blood & Endocrinology, Saint-Petersburg, 197341 Russia
- Department of Intracellular Signalling and Transport, Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint-Petersburg, 194064 Russia
| | - Nicolaj S. Christophersen
- Neuronal Survival Unit, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, BMC A10, Sölvegatan 17, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Ana S. Correia
- Neuronal Survival Unit, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, BMC A10, Sölvegatan 17, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
- Faculty of Medicine, Centre de Recherche du CHUL, Neuroscience Axis, Université Laval, Québec, G1V4G2 QC Canada
| | - Vanessa J. Hall
- Neuronal Survival Unit, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, BMC A10, Sölvegatan 17, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
- Department of Basic Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DK-1870 Denmark
| | - Ingrid Sandelin
- Neuronal Survival Unit, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, BMC A10, Sölvegatan 17, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
- IVF Kliniken Cura, 200 74 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Jia-Yi Li
- Neuronal Survival Unit, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, BMC A10, Sölvegatan 17, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Patrik Brundin
- Neuronal Survival Unit, Wallenberg Neuroscience Center, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, BMC A10, Sölvegatan 17, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
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Sun N, Longaker MT, Wu JC. Human iPS cell-based therapy: considerations before clinical applications. Cell Cycle 2010; 9:880-5. [PMID: 20160515 DOI: 10.4161/cc.9.5.10827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Generation of induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells has revolutionized the field of regenerative medicine. With the exponential increase in iPS cell research in the past three years, human iPS cells have been derived with different technologies and from various cell types. From a translational perspective, however, a number of issues must be addressed before safe and high quality patient-specific iPS cells can be derived for clinical applications. In addition, iPS cell-based therapies also need to be thoroughly evaluated in pre-clinical animal models before they can be applied to human subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Sun
- Department of Medicine and Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
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