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Zhou H, Lian C, Wang T, Yang X, Xu C, Su D, Zheng S, Huang X, Liao Z, Zhou T, Qiu X, Chen Y, Gao B, Li Y, Wang X, You G, Fu Q, Gurnett C, Huang D, Su P. MET mutation causes muscular dysplasia and arthrogryposis. EMBO Mol Med 2019; 11:emmm.201809709. [PMID: 30777867 PMCID: PMC6404111 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201809709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Arthrogryposis is a group of phenotypically and genetically heterogeneous disorders characterized by congenital contractures of two or more parts of the body; the pathogenesis and the causative genes of arthrogryposis remain undetermined. We examined a four‐generation arthrogryposis pedigree characterized by camptodactyly, limited forearm supination, and loss of myofibers in the forearms and hands. By using whole‐exome sequencing, we confirmed MET p.Y1234C mutation to be responsible for arthrogryposis in this pedigree. MET p.Y1234C mutation caused the failure of activation of MET tyrosine kinase. A Met p.Y1232C mutant mouse model was established. The phenotypes of homozygous mice included embryonic lethality and complete loss of muscles that originated from migratory precursors. Heterozygous mice were born alive and showed reduction of the number of myofibers in both appendicular and axial muscles. Defective migration of muscle progenitor cells and impaired proliferation of secondary myoblasts were proven to be responsible for the skeletal muscle dysplasia of mutant mice. Overall, our study shows MET to be a causative gene of arthrogryposis and MET mutation could cause skeletal muscle dysplasia in human beings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Province Center for Peripheral Nerve Tissue Engineering and Technology Research, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Soft Tissue Biofabrication, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chengjie Lian
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Province Center for Peripheral Nerve Tissue Engineering and Technology Research, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Soft Tissue Biofabrication, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Tingting Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoming Yang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Caixia Xu
- Research Centre for Translational Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Deying Su
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuhui Zheng
- Research Centre for Translational Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiangyu Huang
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiheng Liao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Taifeng Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xianjian Qiu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuyu Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Bo Gao
- Department of Spine Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yongyong Li
- Research Centre for Translational Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xudong Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guoling You
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qihua Fu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Christina Gurnett
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Neurology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Dongsheng Huang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Peiqiang Su
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopedics and Traumatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Province Center for Peripheral Nerve Tissue Engineering and Technology Research, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Soft Tissue Biofabrication, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Gutiérrez J, Cabrera D, Brandan E. Glypican-1 regulates myoblast response to HGF via Met in a lipid raft-dependent mechanism: effect on migration of skeletal muscle precursor cells. Skelet Muscle 2014; 4:5. [PMID: 24517345 PMCID: PMC3923899 DOI: 10.1186/2044-5040-4-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2013] [Accepted: 01/20/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Via the hepatocyte growth factor receptor (Met), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) exerts key roles involving skeletal muscle development and regeneration. Heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) are critical modulators of HGF activity, but the role of specific HSPGs in HGF regulation is poorly understood. Glypican-1 is the only HSPG expressed in myoblasts that localize in lipid raft membrane domains, controlling cell responses to extracellular stimuli. We determined if glypican-1 in these domains is necessary to stabilize the HGF-Met signaling complex and myoblast response to HGF. METHODS C2C12 myoblasts and a derived clone (C6) with low glypican-1 expression were used as an experimental model. The activation of Met, ERK1/2 and AKT in response to HGF was evaluated. The distribution of Met and its activated form in lipid raft domains, as well as its dependence on glypican-1, were characterized by sucrose density gradient fractionation in both cell types. Rescue experiments reexpressing glypican-1 or a chimeric glypican-1 fused to the transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains of mouse syndecan-1 or myoblast pretreatment with MβCD were conducted. In vitro and in vivo myoblast migration assays in response to HGF were also performed. RESULTS Glypican-1 localization in membrane raft domains was required for a maximum cell response to HGF. It stabilized Met and HGF in lipid raft domains, forming a signaling complex where the active phospho-Met receptor was concentrated. Glypican-1 also stabilized CD44 in a HGF-dependent manner. In addition, glypican-1 was required for in vitro and in vivo HGF-dependent myoblast migration. CONCLUSIONS Glypican-1 is a regulator of HGF-dependent signaling via Met in lipid raft domains.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Enrique Brandan
- Centro de Regulación Celular y Patología (CRCP), Centro de Regeneración y Envejecimiento (CARE), Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, MIFAB, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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Basile JR, Afkhami T, Gutkind JS. Semaphorin 4D/plexin-B1 induces endothelial cell migration through the activation of PYK2, Src, and the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-Akt pathway. Mol Cell Biol 2005; 25:6889-98. [PMID: 16055703 PMCID: PMC1190270 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.25.16.6889-6898.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Semaphorins are cell surface and secreted proteins that provide axonal guidance in neuronal tissues and regulate cell motility in many cell types. They act by binding a family of transmembrane receptors known as plexins, which belong to the c-Met family of scatter factor receptors but lack an intrinsic tyrosine kinase domain. Interestingly, we have recently shown that Plexin-B1 is highly expressed in endothelial cells and that its activation by Semaphorin 4D elicits a potent proangiogenic response (J. R. Basile, A. Barac, T. Zhu, K. L. Guan, and J. S. Gutkind, Cancer Res. 64:5212-5224, 2004). In searches for the underlying molecular mechanism, we observed that Semaphorin 4D-stimulated endothelial cell migration requires the activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-Akt pathway. Surprisingly, we found that Plexin-B1 stimulates PI3K-Akt through the activation of an intracellular tyrosine kinase cascade that involves the sequential activation of PYK2 and Src. This results in the tyrosine phosphorylation of Plexin-B1, the rapid recruitment of a multimeric signaling complex that includes PYK2, Src, and PI3K to Plexin-B1 and the activation of Akt. These findings suggest that Plexin-B1 may achieve its numerous physiological functions through the direct activation of intracellular tyrosine kinase cascades.
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Affiliation(s)
- John R Basile
- Oral and Pharyngeal Cancer Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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