1
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Meninno S, Lattanzi A. Epoxides: Small Rings to Play with under Asymmetric Organocatalysis. ACS ORGANIC & INORGANIC AU 2022; 2:289-305. [PMID: 35942279 PMCID: PMC9354533 DOI: 10.1021/acsorginorgau.2c00009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
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Optically pure epoxides
are recognized as highly valuable products
and key intermediates, useful in different areas from pharmaceutical
and agrochemical industries to natural product synthesis and materials
science. The predictable fate of the ring-opening process, in terms
of stereoselectivity and often of regioselectivity, enables useful
functional groups to be installed at vicinal carbon atoms in a desired
manner. In this way, products of widespread utility either for synthetic
applications or as final products can be obtained. The advent of asymmetric
organocatalysis provided a new convenient tool, not only for their
preparation but also for the elaboration of this class of heterocycles.
In this review, we focus on recent developments of stereoselective
organocatalytic ring-opening reactions of meso-epoxides,
kinetic resolution of racemic epoxides, and Meinwald-type rearrangement.
Examples of asymmetric organocatalytic processes toward specific synthetic
targets, which include ring opening of an epoxide intermediate, are
also illustrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Meninno
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia “A. Zambelli”, Università di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Alessandra Lattanzi
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia “A. Zambelli”, Università di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
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2
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Zhang Y, Goetzke FW, Christensen KE, Fletcher SP. Asymmetric Synthesis of Nortropanes via Rh-Catalyzed Allylic Arylation. ACS Catal 2022; 12:8995-9002. [PMID: 35966601 PMCID: PMC9361292 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c02259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
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Tropane derivatives are extensively used in medicine,
but catalytic
asymmetric methods for their synthesis are underexplored. Here, we
report Rh-catalyzed asymmetric Suzuki–Miyaura-type cross-coupling
reactions between a racemic N-Boc-nortropane-derived
allylic chloride and (hetero)aryl boronic esters. The reaction proceeds via an unexpected kinetic resolution, and the resolved enantiopure
allyl chloride can undergo highly enantiospecific reactions with N-,
O-, and S-containing nucleophiles. The method was applied in a highly
stereoselective formal synthesis of YZJ-1139(1), a potential insomnia
treatment that recently completed Phase II clinical trials. Our report
represents an asymmetric catalytic method for the synthesis of YZJ-1139(1)
and related compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - F. Wieland Goetzke
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Kirsten E. Christensen
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen P. Fletcher
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
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3
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Łastawiecka E, Frynas S, Pietrusiewicz KM. Desymmetrization Approach to the Synthesis of Optically Active P-Stereogenic Phosphin-2-en-4-ones. J Org Chem 2021; 86:6195-6206. [PMID: 33900770 PMCID: PMC8279496 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c03055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Two synthetic protocols for the conversion of 1-phenylphosphinan-4-ones to novel P-stereogenic 1-phenylphosphin-2-en-4-ones by enantioselective deprotonation followed by oxidation and by asymmetric organocatalytic halogenation accompanied by elimination have been developed. These two-step one-pot transformations provide convenient access to optically active 1-phenylphosphin-2-en-4-one 1-sulfide and 1-phenylphosphin-2-en-4-one 1-oxide of 96 and 55% enantiomeric purities, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elżbieta Łastawiecka
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Marie Curie-Sklodowska University, Gliniana 33 St., 20-614 Lublin, Poland
| | - Sławomir Frynas
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Marie Curie-Sklodowska University, Gliniana 33 St., 20-614 Lublin, Poland
| | - K Michał Pietrusiewicz
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Marie Curie-Sklodowska University, Gliniana 33 St., 20-614 Lublin, Poland
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4
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Rodriguez S, Uria U, Reyes E, Prieto L, Rodríguez-Rodríguez M, Carrillo L, Vicario JL. Enantioselective construction of the 8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane scaffold: application in the synthesis of tropane alkaloids. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:3763-3775. [PMID: 33949549 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00143d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The 8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane scaffold is the central core of the family of tropane alkaloids, which display a wide array of interesting biological activities. As a consequence, research directed towards the preparation of this basic structure in a stereoselective manner has attracted attention from many research groups worldwide across the years. Despite this, most of the approaches rely on the enantioselective construction of an acyclic starting material that contains all the required stereochemical information to allow the stereocontrolled formation of the bicyclic scaffold. As an alternative, there are a number of important methodologies reported in which the stereochemical control is achieved directly in the same transformation that generates the 8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane architecture or in a desymmetrization process starting from achiral tropinone derivatives. This review compiles the most relevant achievements in these areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Rodriguez
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, University of the Basque Country, P. O. Box 644, 48080 Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Uxue Uria
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, University of the Basque Country, P. O. Box 644, 48080 Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Efraim Reyes
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, University of the Basque Country, P. O. Box 644, 48080 Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Liher Prieto
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, University of the Basque Country, P. O. Box 644, 48080 Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Marta Rodríguez-Rodríguez
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, University of the Basque Country, P. O. Box 644, 48080 Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Luisa Carrillo
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, University of the Basque Country, P. O. Box 644, 48080 Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Jose L Vicario
- Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, University of the Basque Country, P. O. Box 644, 48080 Bilbao, Spain.
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5
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Gimbert Y, Lesage D, Fressigné C, Maddaluno J. Lithium Amide Protected against Hydrolysis by Aggregated Lithium Halides: An MS + DFT Investigation. J Org Chem 2017; 82:8141-8147. [PMID: 28696698 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b01419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Supported by mass spectrometry experiments, DFT computations indicate that the lithium amide of a 3-aminopyrrolidine (lithium benzhydryl(1-benzylpyrrolidin-3-yl)amide, 1-Li) is protected, up to a certain limit, against hydrolysis when it is aggregated with a strongly polar partner such as LiCl, LiBr, or MeLi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yves Gimbert
- Université Grenoble Alpes (DCM) , UMR CNRS-UGA 5250 BP 53, Grenoble 38041 Cedex 9, France
| | - Denis Lesage
- Sorbonne Universités , UPMC Univ Paris 06 and CNRS, IPCM (UMR 8232), Paris F-75005, France
| | - Catherine Fressigné
- Normandie Université , UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, CNRS, Laboratoire COBRA (UMR 6014 & FR 3038), Rouen 76000, France
| | - Jacques Maddaluno
- Normandie Université , UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, CNRS, Laboratoire COBRA (UMR 6014 & FR 3038), Rouen 76000, France
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6
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Synthesis and Desymmetrization of meso-2,3-Diphenylpiperazine for Application in Asymmetric Transformations. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201700488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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7
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Harrison-Marchand A, Barozzino-Consiglio G, Maddaluno J. Chiral Lithium Amides: Tuning Asymmetric Synthesis on the Basis of Structural Parameters. CHEM REC 2016; 17:622-639. [PMID: 27996185 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201600115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
An overview on the structural arrangements adopted by Chiral Lithium Amides (CLAs), alone or in mixed complexes, is presented. These species are important reagents for asymmetric synthesis and understanding their organization is essential to improve their design and the reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Harrison-Marchand
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, CNRS, COBRA, UMR 6014 & FR 3038), 76000, Rouen, France
| | | | - Jacques Maddaluno
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, INSA Rouen, CNRS, COBRA, UMR 6014 & FR 3038), 76000, Rouen, France
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8
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Marchois J, Fressigné C, Lecachey B, Maddaluno J. Base or nucleophile? DFT finally elucidates the origin of the selectivity between the competitive reactions triggered by MeLi or LDA on propanal. Chem Commun (Camb) 2015; 51:9801-4. [PMID: 25925129 DOI: 10.1039/c5cc01549a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The competition between basicity and nucleophilicity of two standard organolithium reagents was studied using DFT. Comparing the reactivity of solvated (MeLi)2 and (LDA)2 toward propanal finally explains why methyllithium adds onto the carbonyl while LDA deprotonates the α-position, in accord with experiment and Ireland's deprotonation TS.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Marchois
- Laboratoire COBRA, CNRS UMR 6014 & FR 3038, Université de Rouen and INSA de Rouen, 76821-Mont St Aignan Cedex, France.
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9
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Barozzino-Consiglio G, Rouen M, Oulyadi H, Harrison-Marchand A, Maddaluno J. Probing solvent effects on mixed aggregates associating a chiral lithium amide and n-BuLi by NMR: from structure to reactivity. Dalton Trans 2015; 43:14219-28. [PMID: 24967702 DOI: 10.1039/c4dt01156b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An NMR study of a 1 : 1 mixture of a chiral lithium amide (4a) and n-BuLi shows that depending on the solvent employed (Et2O or THF) a mixed aggregate can form in proportions that are directly related to the ees measured during the enantioselective alkylation of o-tolualdehyde by these same species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Barozzino-Consiglio
- CNRS, Université de Rouen, INSA de Rouen, UMR 6014 & FR 3038, Laboratoire COBRA, 76821 Mont Saint Aignan Cedex, France.
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10
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Carswell EL, Kerr WJ, McArthur D, Pažický M, Watson AJ. Development of chiral heteroleptic magnesium amides; asymmetric deprotonations mediated by six-membered metallocyclic amidomagnesium naphtholates. Tetrahedron 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2014.06.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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11
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Dynamics of the Lithium Amide/Alkyllithium Interactions: Mixed Dimers and Beyond. TOP ORGANOMETAL CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/3418_2014_75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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12
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Francos J, Zaragoza-Calero S, O'Hara CT. Optimisation of a lithium magnesiate for use in the non-cryogenic asymmetric deprotonation of prochiral ketones. Dalton Trans 2014; 43:1408-12. [DOI: 10.1039/c3dt52577e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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13
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Claraz A, Oudeyer S, Levacher V. Enantioselective desymmetrization of prochiral ketones via an organocatalytic deprotonation process. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2013.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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14
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Lazny R, Nodzewska A, Sidorowicz K, Kalicki P. Determination of the relative configuration of tropinone and granatanone aldols by using TBDMS ethers. Beilstein J Org Chem 2012; 8:1877-83. [PMID: 23209525 PMCID: PMC3511025 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.8.216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2012] [Accepted: 10/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The relative configurations of tert-butyldimethylsilyl (TBDMS) ethers of all four diastereomers of the aldols of tropinone (8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-3-one), as well as of granatanone (9-methyl-9-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-3-one), were determined from NMR data, and from the observed interconversion of the diastereomers (exo,anti to endo,syn and exo,syn to endo,anti). The exo forms invert to endo isomers in the presence of silica gel. The relative configuration of a new isomer of tropinone aldol accessible synthetically through the direct solventless reaction of tropinone and benzaldehyde in the presence of water was determined as exo,syn by comparison of NMR data of the aldol isomers, in particular vicinal coupling constants and shifts corresponding to the side-chain CH group, with data of related TBDMS derivatives and confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryszard Lazny
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Bialystok, ul. Hurtowa 1, 15-339 Bialystok, Poland
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15
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Prestly MR, Simpkins NS. Chiral Bases as Useful Probes of Lithium Amide Reactivity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201206558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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16
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Prestly MR, Simpkins NS. Chiral Bases as Useful Probes of Lithium Amide Reactivity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 51:12068-71. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201206558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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17
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Lecachey B, Fressigné C, Oulyadi H, Harrison-Marchand A, Maddaluno J. First substoichiometric version of the catalytic enantioselective addition of an alkyllithium to an aldehyde. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:9915-7. [PMID: 21811732 DOI: 10.1039/c1cc13513a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A substoichiometric enantioselective version of the extremely fast nucleophilic addition of Alk-Li to RCHO is made possible thanks to a thorough analysis of the aggregation phenomena involved in the reaction: calculated quantities of LiCl must be added to the medium at the right time to keep the catalytic cycle running.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baptiste Lecachey
- CNRS UMR 6014 & FR 3038, Université de Rouen and INSA de Rouen, Mont St Aignan, France
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18
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Bennie LS, Kerr WJ, Middleditch M, Watson AJB. Towards energetically viable asymmetric deprotonations: selectivity at more elevated temperatures with C2-symmetric magnesium bisamides. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:2264-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cc04939e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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