|
1
|
Netto de Oliveira da Cunha C, Rodeghiero Collares S, Carvalho Rodrigues D, Walcher DL, Quintana de Moura M, Rodrigues Martins LH, Baracy Klafke G, de Oliveira Arias JL, Carapelli R, do Santos Espinelli Junior JB, Scaini CJ, Farias da Costa de Avila L. The larvicidal effect of the supernatant of Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 4356 on Toxocara canis. Exp Parasitol 2024; 258:108720. [PMID: 38367945 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2024.108720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Human toxocariasis is a parasitic anthropozoonosis that is difficult to treat and control. A previous study carried out with Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 4356 revealed that the cell free supernatant (CFS) of this probiotic killed 100% of Toxocara canis larvae in vitro. The present study aimed to investigate the characteristics of the CFS of L. acidophilus ATCC 4356, which may be involved in its larvicidal effects on T. canis. L. acidophilus ATCC 4356 was cultured, and lactic and acetic acids present in the CFS were quantified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The levels of pH and H2O2 were also analyzed. To assess the larvicidal effect of the CFS, this was tested pure and diluted (1:2 to 1:128) on T. canis larvae. High concentrations of lactic and acetic acids were detected in the CFS. The acidity of the pure CFS was observed at pH 3.8, remaining acidic at dilutions of 1:2 to 1:16. Regarding the in vitro larvicidal effect, 100% death of T. canis larvae was observed using the pure CFS and 1:2 dilution. Based on these results, it can be inferred that the presence of higher concentrations of organic acids and low pH of the medium contributed to the larvicidal activity of the CFS of L. acidophilus ATCC 4356. In addition, the maintenance of the larvicidal effect, even after dilution, suggests a greater chance of the larvicidal effect of this CFS against T. canis in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Netto de Oliveira da Cunha
- Faculty of Medicine (FAMED)/Parasitology Laboratory, Federal University of Rio Grande, General Osório, S/N, CEP 96200-190, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil.
| | | | - Débora Carvalho Rodrigues
- Faculty of Medicine (FAMED)/Parasitology Laboratory, Federal University of Rio Grande, General Osório, S/N, CEP 96200-190, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Débora Liliane Walcher
- Faculty of Medicine (FAMED)/Parasitology Laboratory, Federal University of Rio Grande, General Osório, S/N, CEP 96200-190, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Micaele Quintana de Moura
- Faculty of Medicine (FAMED)/Parasitology Laboratory, Federal University of Rio Grande, General Osório, S/N, CEP 96200-190, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Lourdes Helena Rodrigues Martins
- Faculty of Medicine (FAMED)/Parasitology Laboratory, Federal University of Rio Grande, General Osório, S/N, CEP 96200-190, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Baracy Klafke
- Faculty of Medicine (FAMED)/Parasitology Laboratory, Federal University of Rio Grande, General Osório, S/N, CEP 96200-190, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Jean Lucas de Oliveira Arias
- Integrated Analysis Center, School of Chemistry and Food, Federal University of Rio Grande, Av. Italia, Km 6 - Campus Carreiros, CEP 96203-900, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Rodolfo Carapelli
- School of Chemistry and Food, Federal University of Rio Grande, Avenida Itália, Km 08 - Campus Carreiros, CEP 96.203-900, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - João Batista do Santos Espinelli Junior
- School of Chemistry and Food, Federal University of Rio Grande, Avenida Itália, Km 08 - Campus Carreiros, CEP 96.203-900, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Carlos James Scaini
- Faculty of Medicine (FAMED)/Parasitology Laboratory, Federal University of Rio Grande, General Osório, S/N, CEP 96200-190, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Luciana Farias da Costa de Avila
- Faculty of Medicine (FAMED)/Parasitology Laboratory, Federal University of Rio Grande, General Osório, S/N, CEP 96200-190, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
|
2
|
Hershberger PK, Powers RL, Besijn BL, Rankin J, Wilson M, Antipa B, Bjelland J, MacKenzie AH, Gregg JL, Purcell MK. Intra-Annual Changes in Waterborne Nanophyetus salmincola. JOURNAL OF AQUATIC ANIMAL HEALTH 2019; 31:259-265. [PMID: 31107989 DOI: 10.1002/aah.10074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
An analysis of daily water samples collected from an index site on Big Soos Creek, Washington indicated intra-annual differences in the concentrations of waterborne Nanophyetus salmincola. Waterborne concentrations, quantified as gene copies/L, peaked during the fall (October-November 2016), decreased to very low concentrations over the winter (January-March 2017), and then increased in the spring and throughout the summer. High waterborne concentrations of N. salmincola DNA (2 × 106 gene copies/L) corresponded with live N. salmincola cercariae (mean = 3 cercariae/L) that were detected in companion water samples. Spikes in waterborne N. salmincola concentrations in October and November typically coincided with increases in streamflow; this combination resulted in elevated infection pressures during high water events in the fall. The peak in waterborne N. salmincola concentrations corresponded with an accompanying peak in tissue parasite density (metacercariae/posterior kidney) in Coho Salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch that were reared in the untreated water.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P K Hershberger
- U.S. Geological Survey, Western Fisheries Research Center, Marrowstone Marine Field Station, 616 Marrowstone Point Road, Nordland, Washington, 98358, USA
| | - R L Powers
- U.S. Geological Survey, Western Fisheries Research Center, 6505 Northeast 65th Street, Seattle, Washington, 98115, USA
| | - B L Besijn
- U.S. Geological Survey, Western Fisheries Research Center, Marrowstone Marine Field Station, 616 Marrowstone Point Road, Nordland, Washington, 98358, USA
| | - J Rankin
- Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, Soos Creek Hatchery, 13030 Auburn Black Diamond Road, Auburn, Washington, 98092, USA
| | - M Wilson
- Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, Soos Creek Hatchery, 13030 Auburn Black Diamond Road, Auburn, Washington, 98092, USA
| | - B Antipa
- Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, Soos Creek Hatchery, 13030 Auburn Black Diamond Road, Auburn, Washington, 98092, USA
| | - J Bjelland
- Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, Soos Creek Hatchery, 13030 Auburn Black Diamond Road, Auburn, Washington, 98092, USA
| | - A H MacKenzie
- U.S. Geological Survey, Western Fisheries Research Center, Marrowstone Marine Field Station, 616 Marrowstone Point Road, Nordland, Washington, 98358, USA
| | - J L Gregg
- U.S. Geological Survey, Western Fisheries Research Center, Marrowstone Marine Field Station, 616 Marrowstone Point Road, Nordland, Washington, 98358, USA
| | - M K Purcell
- U.S. Geological Survey, Western Fisheries Research Center, 6505 Northeast 65th Street, Seattle, Washington, 98115, USA
| |
Collapse
|