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Kalash N, Harb H, Zeeni N, El Khoury M, Mattar L. Determinants of body image disturbance and disordered eating behaviors among self-identified LGBTQ individuals. J Eat Disord 2023; 11:87. [PMID: 37268956 DOI: 10.1186/s40337-023-00810-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been previously established that sexual minorities are more likely to suffer from mental health illnesses due to experiencing unique stressors such as fear, anxiety, stigma, harassment, and prejudice. Results revealed two noteworthy mental health disorders reported by lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) individuals, disordered eating behaviors and disturbed body image. Yet, a-priori studies revealed inconsistent results with regards to body image concerns and eating disorder symptoms and attitudes among sexual minorities. Therefore, this cross-sectional study aimed at investigating the occurrence of disordered eating behaviors (DEB) and body image disturbance (BID) among sexual minorities in Lebanon. Additionally, the correlation between several determinants of DEB and BID including fear of negative evaluation, generalized anxiety, social support, and harassment levels have been examined. Generally, the present study revealed that LGBTQ population scored higher than cisgender and heterosexual individuals for the mean and global scores of the EDE-Q6.0 and BAS-2. Only generalized anxiety and fear of negative evaluation scales were significantly associated with DEB and BID among different sexual orientation and gender identity individuals. Therefore, it is very important that health professionals working with such vulnerable populations meticulously assess for disordered eating behaviors and body image disturbance for better communication and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nour Kalash
- Nutrition Program, Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, P.O. Box 13-5053, Chouran, Beirut, 1102 2801, Lebanon
| | - Hana Harb
- Nutrition Program, Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, P.O. Box 13-5053, Chouran, Beirut, 1102 2801, Lebanon
| | - Nadine Zeeni
- Nutrition Program, Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, P.O. Box 13-5053, Chouran, Beirut, 1102 2801, Lebanon
| | - Myriam El Khoury
- Psychology Program, Department of Social Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Lama Mattar
- Nutrition Program, Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, P.O. Box 13-5053, Chouran, Beirut, 1102 2801, Lebanon.
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2
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Oláh C, Schwartz N, Denton C, Kardos Z, Putterman C, Szekanecz Z. Cognitive dysfunction in autoimmune rheumatic diseases. Arthritis Res Ther 2020; 22:78. [PMID: 32293528 PMCID: PMC7158026 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-020-02180-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
For people with chronic autoimmune rheumatic diseases (AIRD), such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) or systemic sclerosis (SSc), normal cognitive functions are essential for performing daily activities. These diseases may be associated with cognitive dysfunction (CD). In RA, CD has been associated with age, lower education and disease duration and activity. Great advances have been achieved in neuropsychiatric SLE in the identification of pathogenic pathways, assessment and possible treatment strategies. SSc rarely exerts direct effects on the brain and cognitive function. However, the psychological burden that includes depression, anxiety and social impact may be high. AIRD patients with sustained disease activity, organ damage or lower education should be evaluated for CD. The control of systemic inflammation together with tailored behavioural cognitive therapies may benefit these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Csaba Oláh
- Departments of Neurosurgery, Borsod County Teaching Hospital, Miskolc, Hungary
| | - Noa Schwartz
- Division of Rheumatology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Christopher Denton
- Centre for Rheumatology, Royal Free Campus, University College London, London, UK
| | - Zsófia Kardos
- Departments of Rheumatology, Borsod County Teaching Hospital, Miskolc, Hungary
| | - Chaim Putterman
- Division of Rheumatology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA.,Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA.,Azrieli Faculty of Medicine of Bar Ilan University, Zefat, Israel.,Research Institute, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel
| | - Zoltán Szekanecz
- Division of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei str 98, Debrecen, 4032, Hungary.
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Harb S, Cumin J, Rice DB, Peláez S, Hudson M, Bartlett SJ, Roren A, Furst DE, Frech TM, Nguyen C, Nielson WR, Thombs BD, Shrier I. Identifying barriers and facilitators to physical activity for people with scleroderma: a nominal group technique study. Disabil Rehabil 2020; 43:3339-3346. [DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2020.1742391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sami Harb
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Julie Cumin
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Canada
| | - Danielle B. Rice
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Sandra Peláez
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Canada
- Research Centre, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Canada
| | - Marie Hudson
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | | | - Alexandra Roren
- AP-HP Cochin Hospital, Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris Cité, INSERM U1153, Paris, France
| | - Daniel E. Furst
- Division of Rheumatology, Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Tracy M. Frech
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, USA
| | - Christelle Nguyen
- Faculté de Santé, Université de Paris, UFR Médecine Paris Descartes, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Cochin, Service de Rééducation et de Réadaptation de l’Appareil Locomoteur et des Pathologies du Rachis, Paris, France
| | - Warren R. Nielson
- St. Joseph’s Health Care and the Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Canada
| | - Brett D. Thombs
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Ian Shrier
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Canada
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Buskila Y, Kékesi O, Bellot-Saez A, Seah W, Berg T, Trpceski M, Yerbury JJ, Ooi L. Dynamic interplay between H-current and M-current controls motoneuron hyperexcitability in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:310. [PMID: 30952836 PMCID: PMC6450866 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1538-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a type of motor neuron disease (MND) in which humans lose motor functions due to progressive loss of motoneurons in the cortex, brainstem, and spinal cord. In patients and in animal models of MND it has been observed that there is a change in the properties of motoneurons, termed neuronal hyperexcitability, which is an exaggerated response of the neurons to a stimulus. Previous studies suggested neuronal excitability is one of the leading causes for neuronal loss, however the factors that instigate excitability in neurons over the course of disease onset and progression are not well understood, as these studies have looked mainly at embryonic or early postnatal stages (pre-symptomatic). As hyperexcitability is not a static phenomenon, the aim of this study was to assess the overall excitability of upper motoneurons during disease progression, specifically focusing on their oscillatory behavior and capabilities to fire repetitively. Our results suggest that increases in the intrinsic excitability of motoneurons are a global phenomenon of aging, however the cellular mechanisms that underlie this hyperexcitability are distinct in SOD1G93A ALS mice compared with wild-type controls. The ionic mechanism driving increased excitability involves alterations of the expression levels of HCN and KCNQ channel genes leading to a complex dynamic of H-current and M-current activation. Moreover, we show a negative correlation between the disease onset and disease progression, which correlates with a decrease in the expression level of HCN and KCNQ channels. These findings provide a potential explanation for the increased vulnerability of motoneurons to ALS with aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yossi Buskila
- Biomedical Engineering and Neuroscience research group, The MARCS Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia.
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, 2560, Australia.
| | - Orsolya Kékesi
- Biomedical Engineering and Neuroscience research group, The MARCS Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, 2560, Australia
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Northfields Avenue, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Alba Bellot-Saez
- Biomedical Engineering and Neuroscience research group, The MARCS Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, 2560, Australia
| | - Winston Seah
- Biomedical Engineering and Neuroscience research group, The MARCS Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
- School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, 2560, Australia
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Northfields Avenue, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Tracey Berg
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Northfields Avenue, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Michael Trpceski
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Northfields Avenue, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Justin J Yerbury
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Northfields Avenue, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia
| | - Lezanne Ooi
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Northfields Avenue, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia.
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Northfields Avenue, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia.
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Harel D, Mills SD, Kwakkenbos L, Carrier ME, Nielsen K, Portales A, Bartlett SJ, Malcarne VL, Thombs BD. Shortening patient-reported outcome measures through optimal test assembly: application to the Social Appearance Anxiety Scale in the Scleroderma Patient-centered Intervention Network Cohort. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e024010. [PMID: 30798308 PMCID: PMC6398718 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-024010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The Social Appearance Anxiety Scale (SAAS) is a 16-item measure that assesses social anxiety in situations where appearance is evaluated. The objective was to use optimal test assembly (OTA) methods to develop and validate a short-form SAAS based on objective and reproducible criteria. DESIGN This study was a cross-sectional analysis of baseline data from adults enrolled in the Scleroderma Patient-centered Intervention Network (SPIN) Cohort. SETTING Adults in the SPIN Cohort in the present study were enrolled at 28 centres in Canada, the USA and the UK. PARTICIPANTS The SAAS was administered to 926 adults with scleroderma. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY MEASURES The SAAS, Brief Fear of Negative Evaluation II (BFNE II), Brief Satisfaction with Appearance Scale (Brief-SWAP), Patient Health Questionnaire-8 (PHQ8) and Social Interaction Anxiety Scale-6 (SIAS-6) were collected, as well as demographic characteristics. RESULTS OTA methods identified a maximally informative shortened version for each possible form length between 1 and 15 items. The final shortened version was selected based on prespecified criteria for reliability, concurrent validity and statistically equivalent convergent validity with the BFNE II scale. A five-item short version was selected (SAAS-5). The SAAS-5 had a Cronbach's α of 0.95 and had high concurrent validity with the full-length form (r=0.97). The correlation of the SAAS-5 with the BFNE II was 0.66, which was statistically equivalent to that of the full-length form. Furthermore, the correlation of the SAAS-5 with the two subscales of the Brief-SWAP, and the SIAS-6, were statistically equivalent to that of the full-length form. CONCLUSIONS OTA was an efficient method for shortening the full-length SAAS to create the SAAS-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daphna Harel
- Applied Statistics, Social Science, Humanities, New York University, New York City, New York, USA
- PRIISM Applied Statistics Center, New York University, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Sarah D Mills
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, UK
| | - Linda Kwakkenbos
- Behavioural Science Institute, Clinical Psychology, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Marie-Eve Carrier
- Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Karen Nielsen
- Scleroderma Society of Ontario, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Susan J Bartlett
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Monteal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Vanessa L Malcarne
- Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California, USA
- San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego State University/University of California, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Brett D Thombs
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Gholizadeh S, Meier A, Malcarne VL. Measuring and managing appearance anxiety in patients with systemic sclerosis. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2019; 15:341-346. [PMID: 30681381 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2019.1573673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Systemic sclerosis (SSc, scleroderma) is a progressive, autoimmune, connective tissue disease of unknown etiology that can cause changes in appearance in socially important areas of the body (e.g. face and hands). Social concerns related to changes in appearance can contribute to anxiety specific to situations where one's appearance will be evaluated, or appearance anxiety. Appearance anxiety is a relevant but underexplored construct in SSc. Areas covered: We review the current knowledge on appearance anxiety in SSc, including assessment of the construct and interventions. Relevant references in the field were obtained through a literature search in MEDLINE/PubMed and PsycINFO for articles published through September 2018. Expert commentary: There is a dearth of research in the SSc literature examining the construct of appearance anxiety. A growing interest in appearance anxiety in SSc has led to several relevant measures being validated in this population, including the Social Appearance Anxiety Scale. Important areas for future research are the development of interventions to address appearance anxiety and the use of randomized controlled trials to evaluate these interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shadi Gholizadeh
- a Department of Psychiatry , McGill University , Montréal , Canada.,b Department of Psychology , San Diego State University , San Diego , CA , USA
| | - Annie Meier
- b Department of Psychology , San Diego State University , San Diego , CA , USA
| | - Vanessa L Malcarne
- b Department of Psychology , San Diego State University , San Diego , CA , USA.,c Departments of Psychology and Psychiatry , SDSU/UC San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology , San Diego , CA , USA
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