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Chen H, Müller H, Rodovitis VG, Papadopoulos NT, Carey JR. Daily activity profiles over the lifespan of female medflies as biomarkers of aging and longevity. Aging Cell 2024; 23:e14080. [PMID: 38268242 PMCID: PMC11019124 DOI: 10.1111/acel.14080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The relationship between the early-age activity of Mediterranean fruit flies (medflies) or other fruit flies and their lifespan has not been much studied, in contrast to the connections between lifespan and diet, sexual signaling, and reproduction. The objective of this study is to assess intra-day and day-to-day activity profiles of female Mediterranean fruit flies and their role as biomarker of longevity as well as to explore the relationships between these activity profiles, diet, and age-at-death throughout the lifespan. We use advanced statistical methods from functional data analysis (FDA). Three distinct patterns of activity variations in early-age activity profiles can be distinguished. A low-caloric diet is associated with a delayed activity peak, while a high-caloric diet is linked with an earlier activity peak. We find that age-at-death of individual medflies is connected to their activity profiles in early life. An increased risk of mortality is associated with increased activity in early age, as well as with a higher contrast between daytime and nighttime activity. Conversely, medflies are more likely to have a longer lifespan when they are fed a medium-caloric diet and when their daily activity is more evenly distributed across the early-age span and between daytime and nighttime. The before-death activity profile of medflies displays two characteristic before-death patterns, where one pattern is characterized by slowly declining daily activity and the other by a sudden decline in activity that is followed by death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Chen
- Department of StatisticsUniversity of California at DavisDavisCaliforniaUSA
| | - Hans‐Georg Müller
- Department of StatisticsUniversity of California at DavisDavisCaliforniaUSA
| | - Vasilis G. Rodovitis
- Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural EnvironmentUniversity of ThessalyVolosGreece
| | - Nikos T. Papadopoulos
- Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural EnvironmentUniversity of ThessalyVolosGreece
| | - James R. Carey
- Department of EntomologyUniversity of California at DavisDavisCaliforniaUSA
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Duarte RMF, Malta SM, Mascarenhas FNADP, Bittar VP, Borges AL, Teixeira RR, Zanon RG, Vieira CU, Espindola FS. Chronic exposure to 2,2'-azobis-2-amidinopropane that induces intestinal damage and oxidative stress in larvae of Drosophila melanogaster. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 106:104388. [PMID: 38355029 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2024.104388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Embryonic development is exceptionally susceptible to pathogenic, chemistry and mechanical stressors as they can disrupt homeostasis, causing damage and impacted viability. Oxidative stress has the capacity to induce alterations and reshape the environment. However, the specific impacts of these oxidative stress-induced damages in the gastrointestinal tract of Drosophila melanogaster larvae have been minimally explored. This study used 2,2-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH), a free radical generator, to investigate oxidative stress effects on Drosophila embryo development. The results showed that exposing Drosophila eggs to 30 mM AAPH during 1st instar larva, 2nd instar larva and 3rd instar larva stages significantly reduced hatching rates and pupal generation. It increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes and increased oxidative damage to proteins and MDA content, indicating severe oxidative stress. Morphological changes in 3rd individuals included decreased brush borders in enterocytes and reduced lipid vacuoles in trophocytes, essential fat bodies for insect metabolism. Immunostaining revealed elevated cleaved caspase 3, an apoptosis marker. This evidence validates the impact of oxidative stress toxicity and cell apoptosis following exposure, offering insights into comprehending the chemically induced effects of oxidative stress by AAPH on animal development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Serena Mares Malta
- Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Vinicius Prado Bittar
- Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia, MG, Brazil
| | - Ana Luiza Borges
- Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Renata Graciele Zanon
- Institute of Biomedicals Science, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia, MG, Brazil
| | - Carlos Ueira Vieira
- Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia, MG, Brazil
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