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Mascaretti L, Mancarella C, Afshar M, Kment Š, Bassi AL, Naldoni A. Plasmonic titanium nitride nanomaterials prepared by physical vapor deposition methods. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 34:502003. [PMID: 37738967 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/acfc4f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Titanium nitride (TiN) has recently emerged as an alternative to coinage metals to enable the development of integrated plasmonic devices at visible and medium-infrared wavelengths. In this regard, its optical performance can be conveniently tuned by tailoring the process parameters of physical vapor deposition methods, such as magnetron sputtering and pulsed laser deposition (PLD). This review first introduces the fundamental features of TiN and a description on its optical properties, including insights on the main experimental techniques to measure them. Afterwards, magnetron sputtering and PLD are selected as fabrication techniques for TiN nanomaterials. The fundamental mechanistic aspects of both techniques are discussed in parallel with selected case studies from the recent literature, which elucidate the critical advantages of such techniques to engineer the nanostructure and the plasmonic performance of TiN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Mascaretti
- Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacký University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Cristina Mancarella
- Micro- and Nanostructured Materials Laboratory, Department of Energy, Politecnico di Milano, Via Ponzio 34/3, I-20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Morteza Afshar
- Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacký University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. listopadu 1192/12, 77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Štěpán Kment
- Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacký University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic
- CEET, Nanotechnology Centre, VŠB-Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 2172/15, Ostrava-Poruba 708 00, Czech Republic
| | - Andrea Li Bassi
- Micro- and Nanostructured Materials Laboratory, Department of Energy, Politecnico di Milano, Via Ponzio 34/3, I-20133 Milano, Italy
- Center for Nanoscience and Technology-IIT@PoliMi, Via Rubattino 81, I-20134 Milano, Italy
| | - Alberto Naldoni
- Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacký University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 77900 Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre, University of Turin, Turin I-10125, Italy
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Compressed sensing electron tomography of needle-shaped biological specimens – Potential for improved reconstruction fidelity with reduced dose. Ultramicroscopy 2016; 160:230-238. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ultramic.2015.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Revised: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 10/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Ghadirzadeh A, Passoni L, Grancini G, Terraneo G, Li Bassi A, Petrozza A, Di Fonzo F. Hyperbranched quasi-1D TiO2 nanostructure for hybrid organic-inorganic solar cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:7451-7455. [PMID: 25822757 DOI: 10.1021/am5090429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The performance of hybrid solar cells is strongly affected by the device morphology. In this work, we demonstrate a poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl)/TiO2 hybrid solar cell where the TiO2 photoanode comprises an array of tree-like hyperbranched quasi-1D nanostructures self-assembled from the gas phase. This advanced architecture enables us to increase the power conversion efficiency to over 1%, doubling the efficiency with respect to state of the art devices employing standard mesoporous titania photoanodes. This improvement is attributed to several peculiar features of this array of nanostructures: high interfacial area; increased optical density thanks to the enhanced light scattering; and enhanced crystallization of poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) inside the quasi-1D nanostructure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Ghadirzadeh
- †Center for Nanoscience and Technology @PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Giovanni Pascoli 70/3, 20133 Milano, Italy
- ‡Dipartimento di Energia, Politecnico di Milano, Via Ponzio, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Luca Passoni
- †Center for Nanoscience and Technology @PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Giovanni Pascoli 70/3, 20133 Milano, Italy
- §Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. Da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Giulia Grancini
- †Center for Nanoscience and Technology @PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Giovanni Pascoli 70/3, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Terraneo
- ∥Laboratory of Nanostructured Fluorinated Materials (NFMLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Li Bassi
- †Center for Nanoscience and Technology @PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Giovanni Pascoli 70/3, 20133 Milano, Italy
- ‡Dipartimento di Energia, Politecnico di Milano, Via Ponzio, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Annamaria Petrozza
- †Center for Nanoscience and Technology @PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Giovanni Pascoli 70/3, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Fabio Di Fonzo
- †Center for Nanoscience and Technology @PoliMi, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Giovanni Pascoli 70/3, 20133 Milano, Italy
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Gagliardi A, Auf der Maur M, Gentilini D, di Fonzo F, Abrusci A, Snaith HJ, Divitini G, Ducati C, Di Carlo A. The real TiO2/HTM interface of solid-state dye solar cells: role of trapped states from a multiscale modelling perspective. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:1136-1144. [PMID: 25484118 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr05208k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In this paper we present a multiscale simulation of charge transport in a solid-state dye-sensitized solar cell, where the real morphology between TiO2 and the hole transport material is included. The geometry of the interface is obtained from an electron tomography measurement and imported in a simulation software. Charge distribution, electric field and current densities are computed using the drift-diffusion model. We use this approach to investigate the electrostatic effect of trap states at the interface between the electron and hole transport materials. The simulations show that when the trapped electrons are not screened by external additives, the dynamics of holes is perturbed. Holes accumulate at the interface, enhancing recombination and reducing cell performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Gagliardi
- Technische Universität München, Electrical and Computer Eng., Arcisstr. 21, 80333 München, Germany.
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Pal P, Giri AK, Mahanty S, Panda AB. Morphology-mediated tailoring of the performance of porous nanostructured Mn2O3 as an anode material. CrystEngComm 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ce01334d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The experiments determined the effects of different morphologies of synthesized porous Mn2O3 on its performance as an anode material in Li-ion batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Provas Pal
- Discipline of Inorganic Materials and Catalysis and Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research
- CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute
- Bhavnagar-364021, India
| | - Arnab Kanti Giri
- Discipline of Inorganic Materials and Catalysis and Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research
- CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute
- Bhavnagar-364021, India
| | - Sourindra Mahanty
- Fuel Cell & Battery Division
- CSIR-Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute
- Kolkata-700032, India
| | - Asit Baran Panda
- Discipline of Inorganic Materials and Catalysis and Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research
- CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute
- Bhavnagar-364021, India
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